Humans are limited in their ability to perform multiple cognitive-motor tasks in parallel. In eight participants, we examined whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to dorsal premotor cortex (PMD) coul...Humans are limited in their ability to perform multiple cognitive-motor tasks in parallel. In eight participants, we examined whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to dorsal premotor cortex (PMD) could attenuate a delay of reaction time (RT) while the participants responded to two visual stimuli presented in temporally close succession. We provided anodal, cathodal, or sham tDCS while the participants performed a task requiring two choice responses or a control task requiring two fixed responses. When the interval between the two stimuli was shorter, the RTs were delayed in both tasks, but anodal tDCS shortened them only in the former task, probably by promoting the response selection function of PMD. Non-invasive neuro-modulation to the brain can boost human ability to multi-task.展开更多
BACKGROUND Delusional parasitosis is characterized by a false belief of being infested with parasites,insects,or worms.This illness is observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease and is usually related to dopaminer...BACKGROUND Delusional parasitosis is characterized by a false belief of being infested with parasites,insects,or worms.This illness is observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease and is usually related to dopaminergic treatment.To our knowledge,no cases of delusional parasitosis have been reported as a premotor symptom or nonmotor symptom of Parkinson’s disease.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old woman presented with a complaint of itching that she ascribed to the presence of insects in her skin,and she had erythematous plaques on her trunk,arms,buttocks,and face.These symptoms started two months before the visit to the hospital.She took medication,including antipsychotics,with a diagnosis of delusional parasitosis,and the delusion improved after three months.A year later,antipsychotics were discontinued,and anxiety and depression were controlled with medication.However,she complained of bradykinesia,masked face,hand tremor,and mild rigidity,and we performed fluorinated N-3-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane positron emission tomography(PET),which showed mildly decreased DAT binding in the right anterior putamen and caudate nucleus.Parkinson’s disease was diagnosed on the basis of PET and clinical symptoms.CONCLUSION In conclusion,delusional parasitosis can be considered a non-motor sign of Parkinson’s disease along with depression,anxiety,and constipation.展开更多
The second most serious neurodegenerative disease is Parkinson’s disease(PD).Over the past several decades,a strong body of evidence suggests that PD can begin years before the hallmark clinical motor symptoms appear...The second most serious neurodegenerative disease is Parkinson’s disease(PD).Over the past several decades,a strong body of evidence suggests that PD can begin years before the hallmark clinical motor symptoms appear.Biomarkers for PD are urgently needed to differentiate between neurodegenerative disorders,screen novel therapeutics,and predict eventual clinical PD before the onset of symptoms.Some clinical evaluations and neuroimaging techniques have been developed in the last several years with some success in this area.Moreover,other strategies have been utilized to identify biochemical and genetic markers associated with PD leading to the examination of PD progression and pathogenesis in cerebrospinal fluid,blood,or saliva.Finally,interesting results are surfacing from preliminary studies using known PD-associated genetic mutations to assess potential premotor PD biomarkers.The current review highlights recent advances and underscores areas of potential advancement.展开更多
目的:分析脑卒中患者健患侧手运动想象(motor imagery,MI)时大脑前运动区(premotor area,PMA)及初级运动皮质(primary motor cortex,M1)的脑电信号特征,明确手运动想象对双侧大脑激活的影响。方法:选取2020年1月—2021年12月于山东大学...目的:分析脑卒中患者健患侧手运动想象(motor imagery,MI)时大脑前运动区(premotor area,PMA)及初级运动皮质(primary motor cortex,M1)的脑电信号特征,明确手运动想象对双侧大脑激活的影响。方法:选取2020年1月—2021年12月于山东大学齐鲁医院康复科住院治疗的脑卒中左侧肢体偏瘫患者18例,采用左右手MI训练,随机想象左右手运动,其中,想象左手运动30次,想象右手运动30次。记录随机MI时,M1区(导联25/26/27/29/30/31)及PMA(导联16/17/18/20/21/22)脑电信号,比较MI时不同脑区激活特点。结果:无论患手或健手MI时,随着PMA脑电信号的增强,同侧M1区相应导联的脑电信号随之增强,呈现明显正相关性(均P<0.05)。患手MI时,PMA激活明显高于M1区(P<0.05),而健手MI对PMA和M1区激活的作用相类似(均P>0.05)。患手或健手MI时,均明显激活健侧M1区(P<0.05),余双侧大脑对应导联之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:本研究证明MI可同时激活PMA和M1区,而且无论是健侧或患侧MI,均明显激活健侧M1区。展开更多
文摘Humans are limited in their ability to perform multiple cognitive-motor tasks in parallel. In eight participants, we examined whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to dorsal premotor cortex (PMD) could attenuate a delay of reaction time (RT) while the participants responded to two visual stimuli presented in temporally close succession. We provided anodal, cathodal, or sham tDCS while the participants performed a task requiring two choice responses or a control task requiring two fixed responses. When the interval between the two stimuli was shorter, the RTs were delayed in both tasks, but anodal tDCS shortened them only in the former task, probably by promoting the response selection function of PMD. Non-invasive neuro-modulation to the brain can boost human ability to multi-task.
文摘BACKGROUND Delusional parasitosis is characterized by a false belief of being infested with parasites,insects,or worms.This illness is observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease and is usually related to dopaminergic treatment.To our knowledge,no cases of delusional parasitosis have been reported as a premotor symptom or nonmotor symptom of Parkinson’s disease.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old woman presented with a complaint of itching that she ascribed to the presence of insects in her skin,and she had erythematous plaques on her trunk,arms,buttocks,and face.These symptoms started two months before the visit to the hospital.She took medication,including antipsychotics,with a diagnosis of delusional parasitosis,and the delusion improved after three months.A year later,antipsychotics were discontinued,and anxiety and depression were controlled with medication.However,she complained of bradykinesia,masked face,hand tremor,and mild rigidity,and we performed fluorinated N-3-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane positron emission tomography(PET),which showed mildly decreased DAT binding in the right anterior putamen and caudate nucleus.Parkinson’s disease was diagnosed on the basis of PET and clinical symptoms.CONCLUSION In conclusion,delusional parasitosis can be considered a non-motor sign of Parkinson’s disease along with depression,anxiety,and constipation.
基金This work was supported by NIH grants AG033398,ES004696-5897,ES007033-6364,ES016873,ES019277,NS057567,and NS062684-6221.
文摘The second most serious neurodegenerative disease is Parkinson’s disease(PD).Over the past several decades,a strong body of evidence suggests that PD can begin years before the hallmark clinical motor symptoms appear.Biomarkers for PD are urgently needed to differentiate between neurodegenerative disorders,screen novel therapeutics,and predict eventual clinical PD before the onset of symptoms.Some clinical evaluations and neuroimaging techniques have been developed in the last several years with some success in this area.Moreover,other strategies have been utilized to identify biochemical and genetic markers associated with PD leading to the examination of PD progression and pathogenesis in cerebrospinal fluid,blood,or saliva.Finally,interesting results are surfacing from preliminary studies using known PD-associated genetic mutations to assess potential premotor PD biomarkers.The current review highlights recent advances and underscores areas of potential advancement.
文摘目的:分析脑卒中患者健患侧手运动想象(motor imagery,MI)时大脑前运动区(premotor area,PMA)及初级运动皮质(primary motor cortex,M1)的脑电信号特征,明确手运动想象对双侧大脑激活的影响。方法:选取2020年1月—2021年12月于山东大学齐鲁医院康复科住院治疗的脑卒中左侧肢体偏瘫患者18例,采用左右手MI训练,随机想象左右手运动,其中,想象左手运动30次,想象右手运动30次。记录随机MI时,M1区(导联25/26/27/29/30/31)及PMA(导联16/17/18/20/21/22)脑电信号,比较MI时不同脑区激活特点。结果:无论患手或健手MI时,随着PMA脑电信号的增强,同侧M1区相应导联的脑电信号随之增强,呈现明显正相关性(均P<0.05)。患手MI时,PMA激活明显高于M1区(P<0.05),而健手MI对PMA和M1区激活的作用相类似(均P>0.05)。患手或健手MI时,均明显激活健侧M1区(P<0.05),余双侧大脑对应导联之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:本研究证明MI可同时激活PMA和M1区,而且无论是健侧或患侧MI,均明显激活健侧M1区。
