Thoughts on Energy Solutions to Alleviation of Air Pollution during the Heating Period in Key Areas

Since the implementation of the Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control , all regions of China have steadily promoted the prevention and control of air pollution and achieved results continuously. However, the atmospheric environment in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region, and Fenwei Plain is still severe, and especially during the heating period heavy pollution occurs frequently, which has become the focus and difficulty of improving the quality of the atmospheric environment and is also the weakest link of China s air pollution control at present. How to alleviate air pollution, how to win the battle of pollution prevention and control, how to hold the fruits of the blue sky defense war, energy consumption is key.

Research Progress on the Relationship between Air Pollution and Socio-economic Growth in China

Air pollution is a hot issue studied by scholars all over the world.Academic circles generally believe that socio-economic factors such as extensive economic growth,unbalanced proportion of industrial structure and unreasonable energy consumption structure are the main"culprits"of serious air pollution in China.Therefore,the relationship between air pollution and socio-economic growth has very important theoretical and practical significance for air pollution prevention and control and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of cities.Through literature research and summary methods,this paper studies the severity and harmfulness of air pollution in China,and deeply studies the research progress of socio-economic influencing factors of air pollution,environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis of air pollution,decoupling relationship between air pollution and socio-economic growth,so as to provide useful reference for the prevention and control of air pollution.

Impact of China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on PM2.5 chemical composition over eastern China

China promulgated the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(the Action Plan)in 2013 and developed stringent control measures to mitigate fine particulate matter(PM2.5) pollution.Here,we investigated the PM2.5 chemical composition changes over eastern China associated with the Action Plan during 2013-2017 using satellite-based PM2.5 chemical composition data derived using CMAQ simulations and satellite inputs.The PM2.5 concentrations decreased considerably during this time as a result of the reductions in all chemical species in PM2.5.The population-weighted mean concentrations over eastern China decreased from 11.1 to 6.7μgm-3 for SO42-,13.8-13.1μgm-3 for NO3-,7.4-5.8μgm-3 for NH4+,9.9-8.4μgm-3 for OM,4.6-3.8μg m-3 for BC and 12.9-9.6μg m-3 for other species in PM2.5.SO42-had the largest reduction of 40%,while NO3-had the lowest reduction of 5%,resulting in a greater fraction of NO3-and a smaller fraction of SO42-in PM2.5.Among the three key regions,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei had the largest reduction in PM2.5 and its chemical compositions.The decrease in SO42-concentrations was in line with the reduction of SO2 emissions,and the major driver of the SO2 emission reductions was the industrial sector.The decrease in NO3 concentrations was limited because the decrease in SO2 emissions and the stable NH3 emissions facilitated the formation of NO3-from HNO3,which partially offset the reduction in NOx emissions driven by the power sector.To mitigate PM2.5 pollution more effectively,future efforts are needed to reduce NH3 emissions.

A Study of China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Policy Framework from a Policy Instrument Perspective

Environmental pollution caused by rapid economic development like that seen in China over the past twenty years poses various threats to human health. People have started to place much more of an emphasis on environmental security, working to find a balance between sustainability and economic growth. In recent years, air pollution has emerged as a highly discussed topic of social and environmental relevance in China, due in part to persistent smog that affects everyday life and causes serious harm to human health. Although air pollution is normally associated with human activity, is can be caused by natural processes such as eruptions and forest fires, but is always characterized by the release of certain substances into the atmosphere which, when present in certain concentrations or for given durations, can harm human health, daily life, productivity, and other aspects. In humans, it mainly affects the respiratory system, notably the lungs, as well as the immune system. A series of studies both in China and overseas have shown, in certain cases, even low concentrations of air pollution can pose a great threat to human health. In this study, we conducted an analysis of air quality policies, focusing on the 2018 revision of the People’s Republic of China’s Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution(LPCAP). We utilized the content analysis method and Strauss and Corbin’s grounded theory to construct a policy framework, demarcate analysis units, code and classify policy texts, determine descriptive statistics, and analyze dimensional interactions. We used two dimensions(basic policy instruments classified as demand-, supply-, and environment-side;and air carrying capacity) to quantify and analyze the LPCAP, which enabled us to analyze the deficiencies and conflicts within policy instruments. The results show a higher utilization frequency of environment-side policy instruments, particularly regulation management and strategic measures. This reflects efforts by the government to create a favorable environment for improving air quality. Additionally, supply-side policy instruments are used far less frequently than environment-side policy instruments. Air quality legal policies and pollution control measures mainly consist of environment-side policy instruments;ecological thinking and air quality policies that are based mainly on supply-side and environment-side policy instruments;and social coordination policies that mainly use environment-side policy instruments. Based on the results of this study, we recommend an increase in the number of supply-and demand-side policy instruments, particularly the latter which includes promoting ecological thinking amongst citizens, to optimize and improve air pollution prevention and control policies.

Particulate matter trends and quantification of the spring sand-dust contribution in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,from 2013 to 2017

On 10 September 2013,the State Council promulgated the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution(hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan).To study the variations in the air pollutant concentrations in Hohhot during the implementation of the Action Plan and the effects of various measures,the daily concentrations of air pollutants(fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),inhalable PM(PM 10),SO_(2),and NO_(2))in Hohhot published by the China Environmental Monitoring Station were obtained to analyze the general meteorological conditions in Inner Mongolia from 2013 to 2017.The variations and causes of the ambient PM concentration in Hohhot were examined,and the quantitative influence of sandstorms on the ambient PM concentration in Hohhot was analyzed by selecting the spring season with frequent sandstorms as an example.The results showed the following.(1)The air quality in Hohhot continuously improved,and compared with those in 2013,the PM_(2.5)and PM 10 concentrations decreased by 24.6%and 48.2%,respectively,in 2017.However,the air pollutant concentrations remained high,with the average PM_(2.5)and PM 10 concentrations exceeding the national secondary standards by 22.9%and 35.7%,respectively.(2)The reductions in the spring PM_(2.5)and PM 10 concentrations were 5.6%and 8.9%,respectively,and the annual decreases in the PM_(2.5)and PM 10 concentrations were 3.6 and 15.1μg m^(−3)yr−1,respectively,from 2013 to 2017.(3)The absolute contribution ranges of dust weather to the concentrations of PM_(2.5),PM 10,and TSP during 2013–17 were 0.6–5.2μg m^(−3),9.0–16.9μg m^(−3),and 14.7–30.0μg m^(−3),respectively,in Hohhot during the spring.

An assessment of China's joint prevention and control policy on sulfur dioxide emissions reduction:A spatial econometric analysis

Sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))is a typical pollutant that affects human health,climate,and environmental and ecological conditions.China has been experiencing high concentrations of SO_(2),particularly in urban areas,since the 1990s.In 2010,a"joint prevention and control"(JPC)policy was issued to address air pollution problems and strengthen the regulation of SO_(2)emissions.This study aimed to describe the mitigation effects of this policy on SO_(2)emissions in 116 Chinese cities from 2003 to 2017.We applied global and local Moran's I indices to confirm the presence of significant spatial autocorrelation in SO_(2)emissions and constructed four spatial models to assess the effect of the JPC policy in reducing SO_(2)emissions and its transmission mechanism.We found that the policy decreased SO_(2)emissions by 1.89×10^(4)tons,S0_(2)intensity by 1.70 tons per km^(2),and S0_(2)per capita of 158.49 tons per 10,000 people in each city,on average,all of which are significant changes.The empirical results also show that population growth,economic structure,and environmental protection significantly decrease SO_(2)emissions.Finally,we recommended policies to encourage regional cooperation under the JPC policy,with the aim of promoting furtherreductions in SO_(2)emissions.

中国大气污染防治政策与空气污染治理——基于城市级面板数据的实证研究

2013年颁布实施的《大气污染防治行动计划》是我国首个针对环境突出问题开展综合治理的行动计划;为巩固治理效果,应对动态变化的环境问题,2018年国务院进一步发布了《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》。研究利用中国258个城市2013年1月至2020年9月日度空气污染数据,实证检验了上述两阶段政策对空气质量的影响,并从不同污染物治理效果、时间和区域异质性等角度分析了政策效应的差异。结果指出:第一,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”均显著降低了AQI、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO;第二,相比“大气十条”,“蓝天保卫战”对NO_(2)的减排效应更高,且实现对O_(3)的协同治理;第三,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”对各污染物的减排效应因供暖时期、地区能源资源禀赋呈现出较强的异质性特征。

“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策的实施效果研究

推动减污降碳协同增效是深入打好污染防治攻坚战,实现碳达峰的必然要求。将《大气污染防治行动计划》和《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》视为一个连贯政策,运用渐进双重差分法探究了于2015和2018年提出的“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策实施效果。研究表明:“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策显著提高了“SO_(2)-CO_(2)”排放强度协同度和“PM-CO_(2)”排放量(强度)协同度,但该政策对“SO_(2)-CO_(2)”排放量协同度无显著影响。机制分析表明,提升政府监管水平、弱化政企关系以及增强企业绿色创新是政策的主要传导机制。异质性分析表明,政策效果在不同能耗水平的城市中具有显著差异,比起高污染上市公司,高耗能中小企业在污染物和CO_(2)的协同减排措施上仍存在较大改善空间。研究结论对我国优化“持续深入打好蓝天保卫战”相关政策提供启示。

室内粉尘污染对人体健康的影响及防治策略研究

本研究旨在深入探讨室内粉尘污染对人体健康的影响,并提出了一系列有效的防治策略。通过文献综述和数据分析,发现室内粉尘污染与多种健康问题密切相关,强调了改善室内空气质量的紧迫性。为了降低室内粉尘污染的危害,建议采取综合性的控制措施,包括通风改善、定期清洁、过滤器使用等,以保护人体健康。此外,还将通过案例研究深入探讨不同环境下的室内粉尘污染问题和解决方法。

法治与监管:我国城市光污染防治体系建设研究

城市是光污染的多发地,且防治具有特殊性。城市光污染防治在法律中涉及层面较浅,针对性的仅有一些规范性文件和地方性法规,尚未形成完整的防治法律体系以及系统的防治监管体系。我国可在适当的法律框架下构筑城市光污染防治体系,完善光污染防治法律体系,明晰城市光污染监管部门的权责,建立监管部门协调联动机制,实现生态环境保护部门牵头、其他部门为辅的城市光污染协调治理机构,做到有效防范和治理城市光污染带来的环境风险。

空气污染物暴露对儿童呼吸系统疾病发生的影响及防治措施分析

目的分析儿童呼吸系统疾病病发受到空气污染物暴露的影响及防治措施。方法回顾性选取2022年6月至2023年5月就诊闽清县总医院的儿童呼吸系统疾病患儿300例,分析基本资料,并分析儿童呼吸系统疾病和空气污染物的相关性、儿童呼吸系统疾病病发受到空气污染物的影响达到高峰的时间。结果闽清县空气污染物NO、SO_(2)、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)年均浓度分别为(29.30±4.10)μg/m^(3)、(38.10±6.56)μg/m^(3)、(61.01±12.80)μg/m^(3)、(61.32±14.85)μg/m^(3),PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)占主要地位。儿童支气管肺炎、支气管炎、急性扁桃体炎与空气污染物均呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。住院患儿每日呼吸系统疾病受到NO的影响达到高峰的时间为入院前1 d,SO_(2)的影响达到高峰的时间为入院前1 d,PM_(2.5)的影响达到高峰的时间为入院当天,PM_(10)的影响达到高峰的时间为入院前3 d。结论儿童呼吸系统疾病病发受到空气污染物暴露的直接影响,其中对支气管肺炎具有最大的影响,PM_(10)是最常见污染物,住院前3 d其有最大影响效应,临床可以据此采取有针对性的防治措施。

西双版纳州大气污染防治一体化平台建设及应用

云南边境城市近年春夏季污染天气频发,空气质量形势严峻,降低当地生态环境形象及生产生活质量,给当地产业和经济发展带来负面影响。以西双版纳州为例,借助物联网、AI视联网、卫星遥感、时空地理数据服务、移动互联网、大数据挖掘和云端一体化业务协同等先进技术,构建集数据采集、信息提取、智能分析、决策生成和统一指挥为一体的城市大气污染防治一体化平台。通过介绍平台系统架构和功能特点,以及阐述平台在2023年春季大气污染防治中的运用成效,为边境城市构建大气污染防治一体化平台,实现区域大气环境质量精细化管控提供良好的借鉴。

城市园林景观对河道水污染的防治效果研究

针对城市水污染日益严重的问题,提出城市园林景观对河道水污染的防治效果研究。采集滨河公园河道各采样点水体样本,以理化指标、重金属和类金属含量及对应WQI和TLI评估上、下游水质。分析后可知,园林景观对河道水污染防治作用明显,且部分指标间存在关联作用,进一步分析植被过滤带、台地式石笼护岸、河岸斜坡式缓冲带和生态浮岛中各种植类型的净化效果,实验分析得出各种植类型均具备防治效果,其中乔灌木群落栽植效果最佳,因地制宜地结合各种植类型能够有效防治河道水污染。

大气污染防治技术与对策研究

随着我国社会经济的发展以及生产力水平的提升,大气污染问题逐步加重,成为当下我国最主要的环境污染问题之一。大气污染防治技术的应用是大气污染治理工作中的关键内容,能够保障大气污染治理工作的有效落实,需要对大气污染防治技术以及具体防治对策进行研究。基于此,从来源以及危害的角度对大气污染进行概述,总结大气污染防治技术的要点,并结合大气污染防治的实际情况与需求,提出大气污染防治的有效对策,以供相关人员参考。

市区大气污染现状及治理对策分析

随着我国城市进程的快速推进,城市人口日益增加,城市空气污染问题日益突出,不仅对人民群众的生命安全造成了极大的威胁,也限制了城市的可持续发展。因此,在这种背景下,以临汾市为例,通过对临汾市空气污染现状及存在问题的进行分析,从优化能源结构、强化工业企业排放监管、加强环境监测能力建设等方面提出了改善临汾市空气污染的若干对策,以期能促进临汾市空气污染防治工作的进一步深入和发展。

济宁市污染源排放调查及大气污染防治对策建议

全国污染源普查是重大的国情调查,文章概况性地分析了济宁市第二次全国污染源普查成果,结合日常工作调研,从大气污染防治角度,提出深化产业结构调整、强化工业炉窑整治、提升工业锅炉治理水平、实施低效治理设施改造、实施水泥焦化超低排放改造等对策和建议,为全面打好污染防治攻坚战提供借鉴。

基于大数据智能辅助的空气质量精细化监管平台建设探析

生态环境部提出将大数据作为支撑生态环境管理科学决策的重要手段,实现“用数据决策”,提高生态环境综合治理科学化水平。山西省牢固树立绿色发展理念,以环境数据为抓手,以大数据、云计算、“互联网+”为驱动,打造山西省空气质量精细化监管体系,深度挖掘与多元分析大气环境业务数据,探索模型与场景融合应用,推进实现全省大气环境科学决策、精准监管和高效服务。

城乡环境正义实现的法律进路

随着农村居民生活水平的显著提高,城乡环境差距加大,新时代下农村居民对农村污染防治提出了更高的要求和期许。因此,厘清“环境正义”的内涵,破解农村污染防治法律体系,建设中国乡村生态文明困境迫在眉睫。本文从权责分配、立法体系、社会治理、司法保障四个层面分析了农村污染中的城乡环境非正义,并通过构建平等的城乡居民权责分配制度、制定完备的农村污染防治法律规则、完善农村污染防治管理体制和管理措施、加大农村居民法律援助投入四个方面以期解决城乡非正义的矛盾。

城市生态园林绿植规划对区域空气污染控制的作用研究

区域空气污染控制可以有效降低空气污染物的浓度和影响范围,提出城市生态园林绿植规划对区域空气污染控制的作用研究。在分析研究区域概况基础上,获取北京植物园、大兴工业区、五环高速路等采样点的日区域空气污染物浓度含量时空特征,根据不同树种对生态园林绿植对区域空气污染控制作用进行研究。实验结果表明,植物园对空气污染的控制效果较好,五环高速路对空气污染的控制效果较差;油松对空气污染吸附能力较好,白皮树次之,杨树和银杏树吸附能力较差。

大气污染防治面临的挑战及措施研究

本文旨在研究大气污染防治面临的挑战及相关措施。文章首先介绍了大气污染的定义和分类,及其对环境和人类健康的影响。接着,分析了我国大气污染防治措施的实施情况。在此基础上,文章进一步探讨了大气污染防治面临的挑战,并提出一些应对挑战的措施。本文旨在促使相关人员深入了解大气污染防治问题,并为未来研究提供思路和参考。