Study on primal CO gas generation and emission of coal seam

The main method of casting coal spontaneous combustion is prediction of index gases, with carbon monoxide(CO) commonly used as an index gas. However, coal spontaneous combustion is not the sole source of CO evolution; primal CO is generated through coalification, which can lead to forecasting mistakes. Through theoretical analysis, primal CO generation and emission from coal seams was determined.In this study, six coal samples were analyzed under six different experimental conditions. The results demonstrated the change in coal seam primal gas and concentration as functions of time, different coal samples, occurrence, various gas types and composition concentration, which are in agreement with the previous study on primal CO generation. Air charging impacts on primal gas emission. Analysis of the experimental data with SPSS demonstrates that the relationship between primal CO concentration and time shows a power exponent distribution.

Exponential Convergence of Primal-Dual Dynamical System for Linear Constrained Optimization

Dear editor,Primal-dual dynamics(PDD)and its variants are prominent first-order continuous-time algorithms to determine the primal and dual solutions of a constrained optimization problem(COP).Due to the simple structure,they have received widespread attention in various fields,such as distributed optimization[1],power systems[2],and wireless communication[3].In view of their wide applications,there are numerous theoretic studies on the convergence properties of PDD and its variants,including the exponential stability analysis[4]-[9].

Primality Testing Using Complex Integers and Pythagorean Triplets

Prime integers and their generalizations play important roles in protocols for secure transmission of information via open channels of telecommunication networks. Generation of multidigit large primes in the design stage of a cryptographic system is a formidable task. Fermat primality checking is one of the simplest of all tests. Unfortunately, there are composite integers (called Carmichael numbers) that are not detectable by the Fermat test. In this paper we consider modular arithmetic based on complex integers;and provide several tests that verify the primality of real integers. Although the new tests detect most Carmichael numbers, there are a small percentage of them that escape these tests.

Carcass Traits, Meat Yield and Primal Meat Cuts from Arsi, Harar, Ogaden and F1 Jersey*Horro Crossbred Bulls Fed Corn Silage Based Similar Finishing Diet

This study was conducted with the objective to determine carcass traits, meat yield, and primal meat cuts of Arsi, Harar, Jersey*Horro crossbred, and Ogaden cattle breeds at Haramaya University, Ethiopia. A total of 12 bulls of four cattle breeds (3 Arsi, 3 Harar, 3 F1 Jersey*Horro crossbred and 3 Ogaden) with almost similar ages were randomly assigned to four treatments in a completely randomised design (CRD). Data on carcass traits, meat yield, and primal meat cuts were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) of the Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) 9.4 version. The overall averages of live body weight, hot carcass weight, chilled carcass weight, dressing percentages based on hot carcass weight, and rib eye area of experimental cattle breeds were 215.58 kg, 102.93 kg, 99.56 kg, 47.61%, and 8.13 inch2, respectively. The hot carcass weight and chilled carcass weight of the Ogaden (136.57;133.30 kg, resp.) breed were higher (p < 0.01) compared to other experimental cattle breeds. Dressing percentages based on hot carcass weight were higher (p < 0.05) for the Ogaden (49.61%) and Arsi (49.82%) cattle breeds compared to Harar and Jersey*Horro crossbred (45.73%, 45.27%, resp.) cattle breeds. The average meat yield and proportion of meat yield of cattle breeds were 77.52 kg and 77.46%, respectively. With a linear regression coefficient of prediction (R2) ranging from 52.26% to 93.58%, primal meat cuts significantly (p dicted meat yield. In conclusion, the breed of cattle had a significant (p 0.05) influence on live body weight, hot and chilled carcass weight, dressing percentage, rib eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, meat yield, and the weights of most primal meat cuts. The Ogaden cattle breed had a higher and better meat yield, carcass traits, and most primal meat cuts compared to other experimental cattle breeds. Furthermore, the inclusion of corn silage in the diet of fattening bulls improved the carcass and meat yield. Therefore, the performance of Ogaden cattle compared to other and previous studies suggests the possibility of using this breed for export purposes in addition to Borana and Harar cattle breeds in the future.

Natural Numbers and the Strong Goldbach Conjecture

This study introduces the representation of natural number sets as row vectors and pretends to offer a new perspective on the strong Goldbach conjecture. The natural numbers are restructured and expanded with the inclusion of the zero element as the source of a strong Goldbach conjecture reformulation. A prime Boolean vector is defined, pinpointing the positions of prime numbers within the odd number sequence. The natural unit primality is discussed in this context and transformed into a source of quantum-like indetermination. This approach allows for rephrasing the strong Goldbach conjecture, framed within a Boolean scalar product between the prime Boolean vector and its reverse. Throughout the discussion, other intriguing topics emerge and are thoroughly analyzed. A final description of two empirical algorithms is provided to prove the strong Goldbach conjecture.

煤层原生CO气体存在性研究

针对近年来采煤过程中出现的CO气体异常涌出现象,设计了在25℃条件下恒温充氮解吸装置和井下隔氧取样方法,测定了深部煤样含有可解吸的CO气体总量,为了排除取样过程中氧化CO气体可能造成的误差,采用恒温氧化实验进行辅助,通过实验结果和计算得出,所取煤层中每吨煤至少含0.15 L原生CO气体,证明了煤层原生赋存CO气体的存在。

基于primal RankRLS方法的本体映射算法

本体映射作为实现多本体间相互操作的重要手段,已广泛应用于诸多领域.应用原始RankRLS算法,将多本体图映射到实数轴,由此将本体图中每个顶点都映射成实数.通过比较两概念对应实数间的差值得到本体映射.实验表明,该算法有较高的效率.

Primal Pictures-3D解剖学数据库在人体解剖学教学中的应用

随着我国高校招生规模的持续扩张,标本需求量的显著增加,国内医学院校教学用人体标本资源出现不足,标本的缺乏严重影响了人体解剖学教学质量的提高,将Primal Pictures-3D解剖学数据库应用与教学过程各个阶段可以部分缓解人体标本资源出现不足,丰富教学手段,提高教学质量。通过数据库资料充实理论课课件素材,加强课上学生的理解;实验课以Primal Pictures为引导,增强学生的理解和记忆;课后通过开放的数据库平台提高自主学习能力、将课上教学与课下复习联系起来。虽然该平台仍存在一些现实待解决的问题,但在一年多的应用过程中效果良好,具有在今后教学中推广应用的价值。

一个带多约束的整数瓶颈问题的Primal算法和Threshold算法

在这篇文章中,我们讨论了数学模型1:maxf(x),x∈{x|x=(x_1,x_2,…,x_n),sum from j=1 to n a_(ij)x_j≤b_i,i=1,2,…,m,x_i≥1且为整数},其中f(x)={c_jx_j}且sum from j=1 to n aI(ij)≤b_i,并给出了模型1最大最优解的定义以及最大最优解的充分必要条件,根据该条件,我们介绍了求模型1的最大最优解的两个算法:Primal算法和Threshold算法。

Dual Based Procedures for Un-Capacitated Minimum Cost Flow Problem

In this article, we devise two dual based methods for obtaining very good solution to a single stage un-capacitated minimum cost flow problem. These methods are an improvement to the methods already developed by Sharma and Saxena [1]. We further develop a method to extract a very good primal solution from a given dual solution. We later demonstrate the efficacies and the significance of these methods on 150 random problems.

一种带不等式约束的Bottleneck问题的Primal算法

讨论了一种带不等式约束的Ｂｏｔｌｅｎｅｃｋ问题，给出了其最优解的一个充分必要条件及求问题最优解的一个Ｐｒｉｍａｌ算法，并给出了一个数值例子。

A Primal-Dual Infeasible-Interior-Point Algorithm for Multiple Objective Linear Programming Problems

A primal-dual infeasible interior point algorithm for multiple objective linear programming (MOLP) problems was presented. In contrast to the current MOLP algorithm. moving through the interior of polytope but not confining the iterates within the feasible region in our proposed algorithm result in a solution approach that is quite different and less sensitive to problem size, so providing the potential to dramatically improve the practical computation effectiveness.

THE CONVERGENCE FOR NODAL EXPANSION METHOD

In this paper, we prove the convergence of the nodal expansion method, a new numerical method for partial differential equations and provide the error estimates of approximation solution.

Primal Scene in the Mirror—the Fate of Narcissus

In Ovid’s story Cephisus,the river-god,forces the beautiful nymph,Liriope into love-making under the waves.She gets pregnant and gives birth to Narcissus.The mother asks seer Tiresias if her son will live to a full age;his answer is“If he doesn’t discover himself”.Narcissus reaching a fountain to drink,the mirror of the water enchants him.From this dramatic moment he cannot leave the spring.Narcissus is notable to grasp why he cannot reach the desperately desired image.In the mirror of the water he does not only see his own figure but in the waves he is confronted with the primal scene repeatedly.We argue that the image in the water reflects the coitus of his parents.It terrifies him while simultaneously he becomes envious.His discovery leads him to death.The paper is based on dreams and clinical material of a psychoanalytical case.Our concept is in accord with some of the insights about narcissism of Lacan,Kohut,and Kernberg.

东海多次波压制的关键技术

东海陆架属于典型的浅水区,受海面、海底以及新近系底界面等强反射界面的影响,普遍发育多种类型多次波干扰,使得中深部地震反射信号被掩盖,影响了深部的成像品质。常规SRME或者DWD的方法无法有效地对多次波进行压制。笔者采用组合压制方法对东海陆架二维地震数据进行处理。首先针对海底相关短周期多次波使用DWD方法衰减;然后运用三维GSMP二维化方法去除跟地层相关的长周期多次波;最后残留的近远偏移距多次波分别用PRIMAL和高精度RADON变换进行压制。结果表明,这种组合思路能较好地解决东海多次波问题,使中深部有效反射信号得以呈现,有助于提升中生界的成像质量。

文物保护中使用非典型丙烯酸酯类材料的应用述评

丙烯酸酯类聚合物(Acrylic Polymers)材料具有成膜性、可逆性、疏水性好的优异性能,被广泛应用于文物的加固、粘接和封护等。典型的丙烯酸酯类材料如Paraloid B-72、Primal AC-33等在文物保护领域内应用时间长、范围广,但由于文物材质、保存情况不同,难以满足所有的保护要求。本研究梳理了其他非典型丙烯酸酯类文物保护材料,如Paraloid®系列B-44、B-48N、B-66、B-67;Primal®系列SF-016、B-60A、MC-76、WS-24以及其他乳液型丙烯酸材料。通过对比其基本化学成分、应用对象、方法及效果,以及使用过程中的特征及优缺点,总结了其在文物保护中的应用历史、现状及发展前景,以期为丙烯酸酯类保护材料的选择提供有益的参考。

丙烯酸酯乳液文物保护材料耐老化性能评价

水溶性的丙烯酸酯乳液是文物领域常用的保护材料,多用于壁画、彩画、骨质文物、漆木器文物的加固和粘接。使用最广泛的丙烯酸酯乳液类文物保护材料是由原罗门哈斯公司生产的Primal系列。商品材料如PrimalAC33、SF016、B60A、WS24和MC76等在国内外的文物保护修复实践中应用较多,但文献报道大多数是直接购买使用的修复案例,缺乏较为系统科学的性能评价研究。针对5种常用的Primal系列丙烯酸酯乳液文物保护材料的湿热老化性能和光老化性能开展研究,通过微观形貌、色差和光泽度等分析比较其耐老化性能,采用红外光谱追踪光老化过程中的分子结构变化和吸收峰强度,阐释其降解机理。实验结果表明,WS24和B60A的耐湿热性能较好,SF016耐湿热性能最差;AC33的颜色和失光率变化最明显。光老化测试发现,紫外光照射过程中所有的材料均发生了断链反应,另外AC33与MC76有内酯生成。经过4200 h光老化后,AC33、SF016、B60A和MC76的羰基指数(CI)均有不同程度的增大,羰基吸收峰强度(D_(t))降低了10%~15%。WS24的羰基指数下降非常迅速,羰基吸收峰强度降低了53%,是5种材料中耐光老化性能最差的。综合评价认为,B60A的耐光老化性能、耐湿热性能均较好,是Primal系列中耐老化性能最优的丙烯酸酯乳液文物保护材料。

Primal dual interior point dynamic programming for coordinated charging of electric vehicles

Coordinated charging of electric vehicles(EVs)is critical to provide safe and cost effective operation of distribution systems where household single phase charging of EV could contribute to imbalance of the distribution system.To date,reported researches on optimization methods for coordinated charging aiming at minimizing power losses have the disadvantages of low calculation efficiency when applied to large systems or have not taken the voltage constraints into account.The phase component and polar coordinates power flow equations of an unbalanced distribution system are derived.Primal dual interior point dynamic programming is introduced for coordinated charging of EVs to minimize distribution system losses where charging demand,voltage and current constraints have been taken into account.The proposed optimization is evaluated using an actual 423-bus case as the test system.Results are promisingwith the proposed method having good convergence under time-efficient calculations while providing optimization of power losses,lower load variance,and improvement of voltage profile versus uncoordinated scenarios.

Gomory’s Method Based on the Objective Equivalent Face Technique

This paper discusses a re-examinatlon of dual methods based on Gomory＇s cutting plane for the solution of the integer programming problem, in which the increment of objection function is allowed as a pivot variable to decide the search direction and stepsize. Meanwhile, we adopt the current equivalent face technique so that lattices are found in the discrete integral face and stronger valid inequalities are acquired easily.

k-PARTY SHARED RSA KEY GENERATION

This letter presents a k-party RSA key sharing scheme and the related algorithms are presented. It is shown that the shared key can be generated in such a collaborative way that the RSA modulus is publicly known but none of the parties is able to decrypt the enciphered message individually.