Effect of primary tumor side on survival outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy

AIM To analyze the survival data between patients diagnosed with right-sided primary(RSP) tumors and patients diagnosed with left-sided primary(LSP) tumors after hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC) at our center.METHODS A retrospective analysis of pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer patients who received HAIC from May 2006 to August 2015 was conducted. A Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to assess the long-term survival outcomes. The mean and median age of patients was 61 years(range 27-85 years). There were 115 males and 53 females in our study.RESULTS One hundred sixty-eight patients were enrolled in this study. The overall response rate was 28.9% in LSP patients and 27.3% in RSP patients. The disease control rate was 76.3% in LSP patients and 69.7% in RSP patients. The median overall survival in response to HAIC was 16.3 mo in the LSP arm and 9.3 mo in the RSP arm(P = 0.164). The median progression-free survival was 5.7 mo in the LSP arm and 4.2 mo in the RSP arm(P = 0.851).CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in survival between LSP patients and RSP patients after HAIC. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Multifunctional roles of inflammation and its causative factors in primary liver cancer:A literature review

Primary liver cancer is a severe and complex disease,leading to 800000 global deaths annually.Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation is one of the critical factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Patients with viral hepatitis,alcoholic hepatitis,and steatohepatitis symptoms are at higher risk of developing HCC.However,not all inflammatory factors have a pathogenic function in HCC development.The current study describes the process and mechanism of hepatitis development and its progression to HCC,particularly focusing on viral hepatitis,alcoholic hepatitis,and steatohepatitis.Furthermore,the roles of some essential inflammatory cytokines in HCC progression are described in addition to a summary of future research directions.

SIMULTANEOUS OVER-EXPRESSION OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR- Ⅱ (IGF- Ⅱ ) AND IGF- Ⅱ RECEPTOR(IGF- Ⅱ R) GENES IN HUMAN PRIMARY CANCER-IMPLICATION OF AUTOCRINE AND PARACRINE MECHANISM IN AUTONOMOUS GROWTH OF HEPATIC CANCER

This is first report about the simultaneous over-expression of both Insulin-like growth factor (IGF- I ) and its receptor (IGF- I R) at mRNA level in human primary hepatic Cancer (PHC). In 10 PHC samples from China, IGF-I and IGF- I R were both over-expressed, whereas only a background signal was detected in normal liver. In 5 pairs of PHC and its non- tumorous adjacent liver tissues from South Africa, IGF- I and IGF- I R were also over-expressed in PHC. mRNA expression of IGF- I in all 5 cases and IGF- I R in 4 of 5 cases were higher in cancer than non- tumorous adjacent liver tissues. These results strongly implicate that an autocrine and/ or paracrine mechanism might be Involved in formation and progression of PHC.

HIGH DOSE INTRA-ARTERIAL HEPATIC INFUSIONAL CHEMOTHERAPY WITH DRUG FILTRATION (HAI-F) FOR PRIMARY LIVER CANCER(A PRELIMINARY REPORT)

Fifteen patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with high dose MMC or ADR via hepatic artery with drug filtration in our hospital from April to December 1988. Among them, 11 cases (73%) had symptoms relief, 3 cases (20%) tumor minimal remission and AFP decreased in 4 cases (33%). One case dide of hep'atoma 8 months after HAI-F and another case was followed up only 2 months after treatment, the remaining 13 cases are alive for 5 to 10 months after HAI-F. The reasons of unsatisfactory results were analyzed and possible ways of improvement were suggested.

Risk factors for post-hepatectomy liver dysfunction in primary liver cancer patients with concurrent hepatic schistosomiasis and chronic hepatitis

Objective:The purpose of this study was to analyze risk factors for development of post-hepatectomy liver dysfunction in primary liver cancer(PLC)patients with concurrent hepatic schistosomiasis and chronic hepatitis.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 73 PLC patients with concurrent hepatic schistosomiasis and chronic hepatitis,of which 16 patients developed liver dysfunction(persistent ascites or pleural effusion or occurrence of liver-related potentially fatal complications)following hepatectomy,was performed.After clinical characteristics were recorded,preoperative liver function parameters and surgery-related parameters in these patients were assessed.Seventeen potential risk factors for post-hepatectomy liver dysfunction were identified.The association between these potential risk factors and post-hepatectomy liver dysfunction then was analyzed.Results:Univariate analysis showed that liver cirrhosis,intraoperative blood loss,and preoperative total bilirubin were associated with the development of post-hepatectomy liver dysfunction.Multivariate logistic regression analysis of these three factors revealed that intraoperative blood loss≥600 mL and cirrhosis were two independent risk factors for post-hepatectomy liver dysfunction in PLC patients with concurrent hepatic schistosomiasis and chronic hepatitis.Conclusion:Keeping intraoperative blood loss below 600 mL can help avoid the development of post-hepatectomy liver dysfunction in liver cancer patients with concurrent hepatic schistosomiasis and chronic hepatitis.For patients with concomitant liver cirrhosis,every effort should be made to minimize potential liver function impairment induced by other adverse factors.

Negative impact of hepatitis B surface seroclearance on prognosis of hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer

AIM To assess the impact of hepatitis B surface(HBs Ag) seroclearance on survival outcomes in hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer.METHODS Information from patients with hepatitis B-related liver cancer admitted in our hospital from 2008-2017 was retrieved. Cases diagnosed with HBs Ag(-) and HBc Ab(+) liver cancer were included in the HBs Ag seroclearance(SC) group. HBs Ag(+) liver cancer patients strictly matched for liver cancer stage(AJCC staging system, 8 th edition), Child-Pugh score, and first diagnosis/treatment method(surgery, ablation and TACE) were assigned to the HBsA g non-seroclearance(NSC) group. Then, clinical, pathological and survival data in both groups were assessed.RESULTS The SC and NSC groups comprised of 72 and 216 patients, respectively. Patient age(P < 0.001) and platelet count(P = 0.001) in the SC group were significantly higher than those of the NSC group. SC group patients who underwent surgery had more intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC) and combined HCC-CC(CHC) cases than the NSC group, but no significant differences in tumor cell differentiation and history of liver cirrhosis were found between the two groups. The numbers of interventional treatments were similar in both groups(4.57 vs 5.07, P > 0.05). Overall survival was lower in the SC group than the NSC group(P = 0.019), with 1-,3-, and 5-year survival rates of 82.1% vs 85.1%, 43.2%vs 56.8%, and 27.0% vs 45.2%, respectively. Survival of patients with AJCC stage Ⅰ disease in the SC group was lower than that of the NSC group(P = 0.029).CONCLUSION Seroclearance in patients with hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer has protective effects with respect to tumorigenesis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension but confers worse prognosis, which may be due to the frequent occurrence of highly malignant ICC and CHC.

Epstein-Barr virus negative primary hepatic leiomyoma: Case report and literature review

Primary hepatic leiomyoma is a neoplasm of mesen-chymal origin and occurs only rarely. Secondary to benign smooth muscle proliferation, it is usually found in adult women and is associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Here, we report the 29 th case of primary hepatic leiomyoma with its unique features related to diagnosis, treatment and developmental biology. A 48-year-old man, with an immunocompromised status, complained of pain in the upper quadrant of the abdomen. Serological analysis indicated no presence of hepatitis virus, no human immunodeficiency virus, and no EBV infection. The levels of α-fetoproteinand carcinoembryonic antigen were normal. A mass was detected in segment Ⅲ of the hepatic lobe by ultrasonography and an abdominal computed tomography scan. Endoscopy had negative findings. Exploratory laparotomy found no existing extrahepatic tumor and left lateral lobectomy was performed. Pathological examination showed the mass to be a typical leiomyoma. The cells were positive for α-smooth muscle actin and desmin, and negative for the makers of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), including CD117, CD34 and DOG1 (discovered on GIST1). In situ hybridization revealed negative status for EBV-encoded small RNA. After left lateral lobectomy, the patient was not given chemotherapy or radiotherapy. During a 2-year follow- up, no sign of local recurrence or distant metastasis was observed. In conclusion, we report a rare case of primary hepatic leiomyoma in a male patient without EBV infection. Hepatic resection was curative. This case presents data to expand our knowledge concerning the complex and heterogeneous nature of primary liver leiomyoma, indicating that EBV infection is important but neither necessary nor sufficient for the development of primary liver leiomyoma.

Primary hepatic angiosarcoma manifesting as hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary hepatic angiosarcoma(PHA)is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis.It is difficult to diagnose PHA because of the lack of specific symptoms or tumour markers,and it rapidly progresses and has a high mortality.To our knowledge,PHA has not been reported to mimic hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome.Herein,we present a case of PHA manifesting as hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome,diagnosed using transjugular liver biopsy,that resulted in the death of the patient.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old man was admitted with the primary complaint of abdominal distension,decreased appetite,fatigue in the previous month,and loss of 10 kg of weight in the past 2 years.Both the liver and spleen were enlarged,and the liver had a medium-hard texture on percussion.Laboratory examinations were performed,and abdominal plain computed tomography(CT)and contrastenhanced CT showed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly,as well as diffuse lowdensity shadows distributed in the liver and spleen.Contrast-enhanced CT revealed diffuse,hypodense,nodular or flake shadows in the liver and heterogeneous enhancement in the spleen.A transjugular liver biopsy was performed.Based on the pathology results,the patient was diagnosed with hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome secondary to PHA.The patient’s status further deteriorated and he developed serious hepatic failure.The patient was discharged,and died 3 d later.CONCLUSION PHA is rare and has a poor prognosis;however,transjugular liver biopsy can be safely performed to aid in diagnosis.

Socioeconomics and attributable etiology of primary liver cancer,1990-2019

BACKGROUND Primary liver cancer(PLC)is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths.Data on global and country-specific levels and trends of PLC are essential for understanding the effects of this disease and helping policymakers to allocate resources.AIM To investigate the association between the burden of PLC and socioeconomic development status.METHODS Cancer mortality and incidence rates were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2019,and the data were stratified by country and territory,sex,and the Socio-demographic Index(SDI)level.The association between the attributable etiology of PLC and socioeconomic development status,represented using the SDI,was described.The attributable etiology of PLC included hepatitis B,hepatitis C,alcohol use,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.The association between the attributable etiology of PLC and SDI was further stratified by sex and geographical location.A confidence analysis was also performed based on bootstrap draw.RESULTS The age-standardized incidence rate of PLC was 6.5[95%confidence intervals(CI):5.9-7.2]per 100000 person-years,which decreased by-27.5%(-37.0 to-16.6)from 1990 to 2019.Several countries located in East Asia,South Asia,West Africa,and North Africa shouldered the heaviest burden of PLC in 2019.In terms of incidence rates,the first leading underlying cause of PLC identified was hepatitis B,followed by hepatitis C,alcohol use,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Regarding stratification using the SDI,the incidence rate of PLC was the highest for high and middle SDI locations.Further,the leading attributable etiologies of PLC were hepatitis B for the middle and high middle SDI locations while hepatitis C and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis for the high SDI locations.CONCLUSION The pronounced association between socioeconomic development status and PLC burden indicates socioeconomic development status affects attributable etiologies for PLC.GBD 2019 data are valuable for policymakers implementing PLC cost-effective interventions.

EXPERIMENTAL PRIMARY LIVER CANCER IN TREE SHREWS EXPOSED TO HUMAN HEPATITIS B VIRUS AND AFLATOXIN B_(1)

On the basis of the successful establishment of an animal model in tree shrews experimentally in fected with human hepatitis B virus (HHBV), a study on the hepatocarcinogenic effects of HHBV and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by using this animal model was conducted through a lifelong experiment. Among 41 tree shrews exposed to AFB1, 17 were experimentally infected by HHBV and 24 were uninfected. After 158 weeks, significant difference of primary liver cancer (PLC) incidence was present between the HHBV infected (52.94%) and uninfected (12.5%) groups (p<0.05). No difference was found between these two groups in the amount of AFB4 ingestion. Moreover, 1/9 of the tree shrews infected only by HHBV but not exposed to AFB4 developed PLC. No PLC was found in 6 tree shrews that had neither been infected with HHBV nor been exposed to AFB4. These results suggest the possible etiologic relationship between HHBV infection and PLC, as well as the synergetic effects of HHBV and AFB4 during PLC development.

Correlation analysis of TCM syndrome types with T lymphocytes and biochemical indices in patients with HBV-related primary liver cancer

Objective:To investigate the correlation between T lymphocytes and biochemical indices in patients with Primary liver cancer(PLC)associated with hepatitis B virus(HBV)and TCM syndrome differentiation.Methods:263 HBV-related PLC patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected.There were 127 cases of liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome(48.3%),48 cases of spleen deficiency and dampness syndrome(18.3%),31 cases of liver and gallbladder dampness and heat syndrome(11.8%),35 cases of liver and blood stasis syndrome(13.3%),and 22 cases of liver and kidney Yin deficiency syndrome(8.4%).The general data,T cell subsets,oncology and virology indicators,oncology characteristics,biochemical indicators and other data were counted.Epidata and Excel were used to collect and summarize the data,and SPSS26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:There was no significant difference in gender and age distribution among the five syndrome types(χ^(2)=5.462,F=1.979,ALL P>0.05).The differences among T lymphocyte count(χ^(2)=57.785,P<0.001),CD4(+)T cell count(χ^(2)=47.103,P<0.001)and CD8(+)T lymphocyte count(F=12.760,P<0.001)were statistically significant.The T lymphocyte count,CD4(+)T lymphocyte count and CD8(+)T lymphocyte explicit count in patients with liver and kidney Yin deficiency syndrome were significantly lower than those in the other four syndrome types.AFP(χ^(2)=89.986,P<0.001),CEA(χ^(2)=95.501,P<0.001),CA199(χ^(2)=30.044,P<0.001)of the five syndrome types increased successively from the syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency to the syndrome of liver and kidney Yin deficiency,and the difference was statistically significant.There were statistically significant differences in the inner diameter of main portal vein,portal vein cancer thrombin and extrahepatic metastasis among the five syndrome types(ALL P<0.001).The main symptoms of portal vein cancer thrombin and extrahepatic metastasis were liver-gallbladder dampness-heat syndrome and liver-blood stasis syndrome.The differences among PLT(χ^(2)=39.234,P<0.001),Alb(χ^(2)=75.171,P<0.001),TBil(χ^(2)=51.140,P<0.001),AST(χ^(2)=55.881,P<0.001),PT(χ^(2)=21.515,P<0.001)were statistically significant.PLT and Alb decreased successively from the syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency to the syndrome of liver and kidney Yin deficiency.PLT and Alb of the syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency were significantly higher than those of the other four groups,and TBil and AST of the syndrome of liver and gallbladder dampness and heat were significantly higher than those of the other four groups.PT of liver and kidney Yin deficiency was significantly higher than that of the other four groups.The lymphocyte count,CD4(+) lymphocyte count and CD8(+) lymphocyte count were negatively correlated with AFP,PT and TBil(ALL P<0.05),and positively correlated with PLT(P<0.05).T lymphocyte count was positively correlated with AIb(P<0.05).Conclusion:This study found that patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome have better cellular immune function,liver function and prognosis.Patients with liver and kidney Yin deficiency have lower cellular immunity,worse liver function,and worse prognosis.Portal vein carcinoma embolus and extrahepatic metastasis were mainly characterized by dampness and heat of liver and gallbladder and blood stasis of liver.Patients with lower lymphocyte counts have poorer blood clotting,worse the liver reserve,and the higher the risk of further cancer.

不同方式联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌合并上消化道出血的临床疗效

目的比较经颈内静脉肝内门体分流术(transjugular intrahepatic portal systemic shunt TIPS)、内镜治疗及药物治疗3种不同方式联合经肝动脉化疗栓塞术(transhepatic arterial chemoembolization TACE)对原发性肝癌合并门静脉高压、上消化道出血的临床疗效。方法纳入2014年1月至2020年6月联勤保障部队第九八〇医院原发性肝癌合并门静脉高压、上消化道出血患者105例,根据治疗方式分为TIPS联合TACE组25例,内镜联合TACE组30例,药物联合TACE组50例。比较3种不同治疗方式联合TACE治疗肝癌合并上消化道出血的临床疗效、出血复发率、肝性脑病发生率及生存率。结果3组患者治疗后6、12和24个月出血复发率差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。TIPS组患者治疗前门静脉压力为(38.47±9.35)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),治疗后为(25.24±5.68)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后3组患者血红蛋白均不同程度升高,TIPS组及内镜组优于药物组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TIPS组术后6、12和24个月出血复发率低于内镜组及药物组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);12个月和24个月出血复发率低于内镜组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);内镜组12个月及24个月出血复发率低于药物组(P<0.05),两组6个月内出血复发率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TIPS组6个月和12个月肝性脑病发生率高于内镜组及药物组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),内镜组与药物组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组患者24个月肝性脑病发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TIPS组与内镜组6个月病死率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组均低于药物组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TIPS组12个月及24个月病死率低于内镜组及药物组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);内镜组与药物组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论TIPS联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌合并上消化道出血可降低上消化道出血复发率,有效控制肿瘤进展,延长生存期。

PD-1抗体联合胸腺肽α1、肝动脉灌注化疗治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的疗效观察

目的探究程序性死亡蛋白-1(PD-1)抗体联合胸腺肽α1、肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓(PVTT)的疗效。方法选择2021年8月—2022年8月石家庄市第五医院介入医学科治疗的原发性肝癌合并PVTT患者50例,以随机数字表法分为PD-1组(n=25)和对照组(n=25)。对照组给予胸腺肽α1与HAIC治疗,PD-1组给予PD-1抗体联合胸腺肽α1、HAIC治疗。比较2组患者客观缓解率、肝功能指标、血清肿瘤标志物、免疫功能指标。结果PD-1组的客观缓解率高于对照组(48.00%vs.20.00%,χ^(2)/P=4.367/0.037)。治疗6周、12周后,2组Alb均升高,TBil、ALT均降低,且治疗12周后PD-1组升高/降低幅度显著大于对照组(t/P=2.897/0.006、3.424/<0.001、2.658/<0.001);2组患者甲胎蛋白(AFP)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-2(IGFBP-2)均降低,且治疗12周后PD-1组低于对照组(t/P=3.934/<0.001、5.992/<0.001);2组患者CD8^(+)均降低,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均升高,且治疗12周后PD-1组降低/升高幅度大于对照组(t/P=3.110/<0.001、2.414/0.020)。结论PD-1抗体联合胸腺肽α1、HAIC治疗能够改善原发性肝癌合并PVTT患者的肝功能和免疫功能,降低血清肿瘤标志物水平,延缓肿瘤进展,疗效显著。

腹腔镜规则性肝叶切除术对原发性肝癌患者肝功能、免疫功能、血清AFP、Hcy水平的影响

目的:探究腹腔镜规则性肝叶切除术对原发性肝癌(PLC)患者肝功能、免疫功能、血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平的影响。方法:回顾性分析2019年1月—2023年6月于贵州省人民医院接受手术治疗的200例PLC患者的临床资料,将行开腹手术的100例患者纳入对照组,行腹腔镜规则性肝叶切除术的100例患者纳入观察组。观察两组术后肝功能[总胆红素(TBIL)、白蛋白(ALB)、丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)]、免疫功能(CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD3^(+))、炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]及血清AFP、Hcy水平的变化情况。结果:术前,两组肝功能、免疫功能、炎症因子、血清AFP、Hcy水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1 d,两组ALB高于术前,TBIL、ALT、AST及术后5 d的AFP、Hcy均低于术前,且研究组ALB高于对照组,TBIL、ALT、AST、AFP、Hcy低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后5 d,对照组TNF-α、IL-6水平均高于术前,CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)、^(+)CD3水平均低于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后5 d,研究组TNF-α、IL-6水平均低于对照组,CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)、^(+)CD3水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:PLC患者予以腹腔镜规则性肝叶切除术治疗可明显降低患者术后血清AFP、Hcy水平,降低炎症因子水平,提高免疫力,恢复肝功能。

肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术患者的经济毒性现状及其影响因素分析

目的调查肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术(TACE)患者的经济毒性现状并分析其影响因素。方法选取251例TACE患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、癌症患者报告结局的经济毒性量表、癌症患者恐惧疾病进展简化量表进行调查,采用多元线性回归模型分析TACE患者经济毒性的影响因素。结果TACE患者经济毒性得分为(15.52±6.62)分,其中高经济毒性患者占比为79.3%。多元线性回归结果显示,职业、对治疗费用的了解程度、恐惧疾病进展总分、文化程度是TACE患者经济毒性的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论TACE患者经济毒性普遍存在且处于高水平。临床医护人员应针对高风险人群及时进行经济毒性评估,为其制订早期、有效、个性化的干预策略,从而降低其经济毒性,提高生活质量。

DSA联合动态增强CT定量分析肝癌HAIC的疗效

目的:探讨DSA联合动态增强CT定量分析和评估肝癌经肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)的疗效。方法:临床诊断为原发性肝癌患者50例,均行3次以上HAIC治疗。根据第1次及第3次HAIC治疗前1周内的增强CT,按照改良实体瘤疗效评价标准分为疗效良好组(CR+PR)和疗效不佳组(SD+PD),比较两组治疗前和2次HAIC治疗后DSA造影肝癌的血流动力学参数[染色达峰时间(TP)、峰值密度(PV)、时间-密度曲线上升支斜率(SU)]及CT增强扫描肝癌各期CT值的变化,并进行敏感性分析。对有统计学差异的指标进行Logistic回归分析和ROC曲线分析,以评估判断肝癌HAIC疗效的效能。结果:治疗前,两组间CT值及DSA指标无显著差异(P>0.05)。所有患者均成功完成2次HAIC治疗。第3次HAIC治疗前1周的增强CT,疗效良好组的动脉期和静脉期CT值相比于治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),延时期CT值无显著差异(P>0.05)。第3次HAIC时DSA造影肝癌的血流动力学参数PV与SU显著降低,TP显著延长(P<0.05)。疗效不佳组各项指标差异不显著。回归分析显示,动脉期CT值和DSA造影SU值与疗效显著相关。ROC曲线结果显示,动脉期CT值和SU值是判断疗效的有效指标。结论:DSA造影的SU值和动态增强CT的CT值能够客观地反映HAIC后肝癌的血供变化,且与HAIC疗效相关,可作为评估HAIC疗效的影像学依据。

肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞术联合信迪利单抗治疗晚期原发性肝癌近期疗效及远期生存率

目的 探讨肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞术(TACE)联合信迪利单抗治疗晚期原发性肝癌(PLC)的近期疗效及远期生存率。方法2018年4月至2019年4月在资阳市人民医院82个随机双盲实验中,对符合AASLD指南,巴塞罗那(BCLC)分期为B/C期者;肝功能Child-Pugh分级A/B级的PLC进行研究。经计算机生成的随机列表随机分配,对照组仅行TACE治疗,研究组则采用TACE联合信迪利单抗治疗,连续治疗4周期比较两组临床疗效、肿瘤标志物水平T淋巴细胞亚群指标变化,随访观察远期生存情况。结果 对照组和研究组病人各41例,治疗后1个月时对照组肿瘤控制率(DCR)为80.49%,研究组DCR为92.68%,组间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.63,P=0.105);治疗后3个月时研究组DCR为87.80%,明显高于对照组的73.17%,组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.00,P=0.046)。治疗前,研究组甲胎蛋白(AFP)、高尔基体蛋白73(GP-73)及甲胎蛋白异质体3(AFP-L3)水平分别为(82.74±5.77)μg/L、(90.27±4.67)μg/L及(148.74±62.15)mg/L,对照组3项指标水平依次为(84.28±6.02)μg/L、(89.74±5.32)μg/L、(156.20±41.03)mg/L,组间数据差异无统计学意义(t=1.18,t=0.48,t=0.64,P>0.05);治疗后研究组AFP、GP-73及AFP-L水平分别为(14.22±2.60)μg/L、(49.39±5.63)μg/L、(82.41±21.75)mg/L,均显著低于对照组的(57.13±6.21)μg/L、(65.28±3.74)μg/L、(117.20±35.62)mg/L,组间差异有统计学意义(t=40.81,t=15.05,t=5.34,P<0.05)。治疗前,研究组CD4+、CD8+及CD4+/CD8+水平分别为(29.17±6.33)%、(27.86±3.92)%、(1.04±0.25),对照组依次为(28.63±5.41)%、(28.53±4.63)%及(1.01±0.20),组间差异无统计学意义(t=0.42,t=0.73,t=0.60,P>0.05);治疗后研究组CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平分别为(36.28±4.11)%、(1.33±0.40),显著高于对照组的(30.52±5.01)%及(1.09±0.32),组间差异有统计学意义(t=5.69,t=3.00,P<0.05)。治疗前,研究组CD151、CD168、CD9及CD63分别为(94.18±18.33)%、(96.27±16.08)%、(98.52±16.33)%、(94.57±10.96)%,对照组4项数据水平依次为(96.31±21.05)%、(97.24±14.20)%、(99.36±17.41)%、(93.64±12.60)%,组间差异无统计学意义(t=0.49,t=0.29,t=0.23,t=0.36,P>0.05);治疗后研究组CD151、CD168指标水平分别为(32.06±6.34)%、(31.28±4.78)%,显著低于对照组的(87.36±15.03)%、(76.34±11.52)%,而CD9及CD63水平分别为(210.54±27.12)%、(247.02±30.21)%,显著高于对照组的(104.52±12.94)%、(110.32±16.30)%,组间差异有统计学意义(t=21.71,t=23.13,t=22.59,t=25.50,P<0.05)。治疗后随访36~48个月,研究组失访3例,总生存率为47.37%,对照组失访1例,总生存率为25.0%,组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.24,P=0.040)。研究组≥3级毒副反应总发生率为13.16%,与对照组27.5%差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.46,P=0.117)。结论 TACE联合PD-1治疗晚期PLC可降低机体肿瘤标志物水平、提升病人的免疫功能及近期疗效,同时可延长病人远期生存率,严重毒副反应发生率较低。

PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT、GPR、GLR、PLR对乙型肝炎相关性原发性肝癌的诊断价值研究

目的:探讨维生素K缺乏或拮抗剂-Ⅱ诱导蛋白(PIVKA-Ⅱ)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、γ谷氨酰转肽酶与血小板计数比值(GPR)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶与淋巴细胞计数比值(GLR)、血小板患者与淋巴细胞计数比值(PLR)在乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染后所致不同肝脏疾病患者中的变化情况以及单独和联合检测对乙型肝炎相关性原发性肝癌的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年12月收治的241例HBV相关性肝病患者的临床资料,其中慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者83例,乙型肝炎相关性肝硬化(HBV-LC)患者82例,乙型肝炎相关性原发性肝癌(HBV-HCC)患者76例,另选取同期健康体检人员81例为正常对照组(NC)。统计分析4组患者的PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT、GPR、GLR、PLR表达差异以及血清PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT的阳性率情况;Pearman线性相关分析HBV-HCC组患者的GLR、GPR、PLR指标与血清PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT的相关性;采用ROC曲线分析PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT、GLR、GPR、PLR单独与联合检测对HBV-HCC的诊断价值。结果:CHB组、HBV-LC组、HBV-HCC组患者的PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT、GLR、GPR水平依次增加,其中两两组比较,GGT、GLR、GPR水平均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),HBV-HCC组的PIVKA-Ⅱ表达水平高于CHB组、HBV-LC组(P<0.05)。CHB组、HBV-LC组的PIVKA-Ⅱ、PLR水平均低于NC组(P<0.05)。HBV-HCC组血清PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT阳性率都大于50%。HBV-HCC组患者的GLR、GPR、PLR与血清PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT均呈正相关。PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT、GLR、GPR联合检测的诊断敏感度曲线下面积(AUC)以及约登(Youden)指数均高于PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT、GLR、GPR、PLR单独检测,GGT、GLR、GPR三者联合检测的特异度达到95.06%。结论:PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT、GPR、GLR、PLR在HBV感染所致不同肝脏疾病患者中具有一定的差异,PIVKA-Ⅱ、GGT、GPR、GLR联合检测有助于HBV-HCC的早期诊断。

ABO血型与PHC患者HBV感染标记相关性研究

研究伴ＨＢＶ感染的ＰＨＣ４４５例乙型肝炎抗原抗体与ＡＢＯ血型的关系，结果表明：１．伴ＨＢＶ感染的ＰＨＣＡ型血者显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。２．ＰＨＣ患者中ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ的阳性率均以Ａ型血显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。３．ＰＨＣ患者中ＨＢｓＡｇ与抗－ＨＢｃ均阳性模式Ａ型血者显著多于对照组，而Ｂ型血者显著少（Ｐ＜０．０５）；抗－ＨＢｅ与抗ＨＢｃ均阳性的ＰＨＣ中，亦为Ａ型血者显著多（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示有ＨＢＶ感染的Ａ型血者罹患ＰＨＣ的倾向性最高；而有ＨＢＶＭ、ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ的Ａ型血者则为ＰＨＣ的易感人群，其中以ＨＢｓＡｇ和抗－ＨＢｃ同时阳性或抗－ＨＢｅ和抗－ＨＢｃ同时阳性的感染模式更易发生ＰＨＣ；也提示ＰＨＣ、ＨＢＶ、Ａ型血三者之间存在某种密切的、复杂的联系，对ＰＨＣ的发生有协同作用。对上述人群应密切关注，定期复查，以期早诊早治。

CLEC1B、DKK1、DRD4在原发性肝癌病变组织中的表达及临床意义探究

目的分析C型凝集素结构域家族1成员B(C-type lectin domain family 1 member B,CLEC1B)、分泌型蛋白Dickkopf 1(DKK1)、多巴胺受体D4(dopamine receptor D4,DRD4)在原发性肝癌(primary hepatic cancer,PHC)患者病变组织中的表达及临床意义。方法回顾性选取2022年1月~2023年1月在四川大学华西医院接受肝癌切除术且经术后病理证实为PHC的138例患者,取其癌组织与癌旁组织石蜡病理标本,分析其CLEC1B、DKK1、DRD4表达情况及和临床病理特征关联性,Pearson法分析CLEC1B、DKK1、DRD4的相关性。结果肝癌组织中CLEC1B、DRD4表达水平均低于癌旁肝组织,肝癌组织中的DKK1蛋白表达较癌旁肝组织更高(P<0.05),且3者均主要分布于细胞浆;CLEC1B低表达、DKK1高表达、DRD4低表达分别97例(70.29%)、91例(65.94%)、78例(56.52%),PHC患者的CLEC1B低表达与术前AFP水平、血管侵犯、远处转移、肿瘤出血等密切相关(P<0.05),DKK1高表达与术前AFP水平、BCLC Kinki分期、肿瘤数目、肿瘤大小密切相关(P<0.05),DRD4低表达与术前AFP水平、肿瘤数目、肿瘤大小、卫星结节、血管侵犯密切相关(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,PHC患者CLEC1B、DRD4与DKK1表达水平呈负相关(r=-0.809、r=-0.774,P<0.001),CLEC1B与DRD4表达水平呈正相关(r=0.748,P<0.001)。结论CLEC1B、DRD4在PHC患者癌变组织中呈低表达,而DKK1呈高表达,且与临床病理参数有关,CLEC1B、DKK1、DRD4可能参与PHC发生发展,有一定检测意义。