Purification and characterization ofα-L-fucosidase from human primary hepatocarcinoma tissue

AIM: To purify and characterizeα-L-fucosidase from human liver cancer tissue and to detect the localization ofα-L-fucosidase in tumor tissue. METHODS: Cation exchange chromatography on CM-52 and ultrafiltration were used to separateα-Lfucosidase (AFU) from crude extract of liver cancer tissue. 4-methylumbelliferyl-α-L-fucopyranoside was used as a fluorescent substrate to quantify the purified AFU activity in each step. A polyclonal antibody (pAb) against the purified AFU was obtained by anion exchange chromatography on DEAE-52 after ammonium sulfate fractionation and ultrafiltration. Immuohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of AFU in malignant and adjacent liver tissues. RESULTS: Humanα-L-fucosidase was purified 74-fold to apparent homogeneity with 15% yield. SDSPAGE indicated the presence of one subunit of molecular weight of 55 Ku. The specific activity of AFU in pooled fraction by chromatography was 10085 IU/mg. Western blot analysis indicated that the pAb could recognize one protein band of molecular weight of 55 Ku. The expression of AFU was observed in cytoplasm membrane of liver cancer tissue but not in that of adjacent tissue. CONCLUSION: The purifiedα-L-fucosidase from primary hepatocarcinoma (PHC) is different in its properties fromα-L-fucosidase in human other organs. The polyclonal antibody prepared in this experiment can be applied to the diagnosis of PHC.

Implantation of a drug delivery system during surgery for patients with primary hepatocarcinoma

BACKGROUND: Postoperative regional chemotherapy is one of the most effective methods to decrease the recurrent rate and improve the prognosis of primary hepatocarcinoma (PHC). This study was undertaken to assess the optimal pathway to implant the drug delivery system (DDS) in the different ways of resecting PHC so as to offer a valuable reference to clinical implantation of the DDS. METHODS: One hundred and ninety cases were divided into two groups according to whether the tumors were resected completely (A) or not (B). Groups A and B were subdivided into three groups a, b and c according to the pathway selected for DDS implantation. The patients in subgroup a received DDS implantation through both the hepatic artery and portal vein (A+P-implanted group), the patients in subgroup b received DDS implantation through the portal vein (P-implanted group), and the patients in subgroup c received DDS implantation through the hepatic artery (A-implanted group). RESULTS: The 1- and 3-year recurrent rates of subgroup c in group A were higher than those of subgroup b, and there was no significant difference between subgroups a and b. Compared with subgroups a and c, the 1- and 3-year survival rates of subgroup b were similar to those of group a but higher than those of group c. The 1- and 3-year survival rates between subgroups a and b in group B were significantly different. The prognosis of subgroup c was lower than that of subgroup a and no significant difference was observed between subgroups b and c. CONCLUSIONS: The DDS should be implanted into the portal vein when PHC is resected completely. It may be better to implant it into both portal vein and hepatic artery if the tumor cannot be completely resected.

Detection of autoantibodies in the serum of primary hepatocarcinoma patients

Objective: To study the significance of detecting au-toantibodies in primary hepatocarcinoma(PHC) pa-tients.Methods: Autoantibodies were detected by indirect im-munofluorescence assay. Antigens and antibodies ofHBV were determined by enzymeimmune assay. Antibodyto HCV IgG was detected by enzyme-linked immunoab-sorbent assay.Results: The positive rate of autoantibody was 27.3%(38/139) in 139 PHC patients. The main type of au-toantibodies in PHC was anti-nuclear antibody (36/38, 94.7%); others included anti-smooth muscle anti-body(2/38, 5.3% ), anti-mitochondria antibody(1/38, 2.6%), anti-midbody antibody (1/38, 2.6%), andanti-liver cell membrane antibody(2/38, 5.3%).Conclusions: Detecting autoantibodies in PHC patientsis of significance in studying the mechanism of au-toimmune reaction and etiology in PHC. The diversityof autoantibodies might result from a wide variety ofetiological factors involved in PHC development, andfrom a wide variety of overexpressed or mutated pro-teins involved in repeated cycles of necrosis and regen-eration in hepatocarcinoma development.

不同肿瘤标志物联合检测对PHC诊断的优化模式研究

目的 :评价不同肿瘤标志物与 AFP联合检测对原发性肝癌 (PHC)的诊断价值 ,建立肝癌诊断的优化联检模式。方法 :选择目前临床常用于诊断肝癌的四种肿瘤标志物 (AFP、AFU、FER和 GA) ,在考虑其单独和联合检测对 PHC诊断价值的基础上 ,结合不同权重系数 ,采用综合权重评分法 ,对不同联检模式进行等级评分。结果 :四项肿瘤标志物的平均水平及阳性率均为肝癌组显著高于对照组 (P<0 .0 0 1)。 AFP、 AFU、 FER及 GA的灵敏度分别为 75 .0 0 %、 73.91%、82 .80 %及 84 .4 4 % ,特异度以 AFP最高 (97.4 1% )。AFP与其余三项标志物联合检测 ,其灵敏度均有明显的提高 ,达 94 %以上 ,特异度则以 AFP+ GA为最高 (84 .2 1% )。在不同权重系数标准下行等级评分 ,无论从灵敏度、特异度方面 ,还是从预测值角度分析 ,均以 AFP+ GA的综合评分为最高 (99分以上 ) ,其次为 AFP+ AFU。本次研究评选出 AFP+ GA为 PHC诊断的最佳模式。结论 :AFP为诊断肝癌较特异的肿瘤标志物 ,甘胆酸作为新的肿瘤标志物 ,对 PHC具有较高的诊断价值 ,尤其是与 AFP联合检测 ,在诊断的真实性和效益方面均显示出较好效果 ,值得在实践中推广使用。

ABO血型与PHC患者HBV感染标记相关性研究

研究伴ＨＢＶ感染的ＰＨＣ４４５例乙型肝炎抗原抗体与ＡＢＯ血型的关系，结果表明：１．伴ＨＢＶ感染的ＰＨＣＡ型血者显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。２．ＰＨＣ患者中ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ的阳性率均以Ａ型血显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。３．ＰＨＣ患者中ＨＢｓＡｇ与抗－ＨＢｃ均阳性模式Ａ型血者显著多于对照组，而Ｂ型血者显著少（Ｐ＜０．０５）；抗－ＨＢｅ与抗ＨＢｃ均阳性的ＰＨＣ中，亦为Ａ型血者显著多（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示有ＨＢＶ感染的Ａ型血者罹患ＰＨＣ的倾向性最高；而有ＨＢＶＭ、ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ的Ａ型血者则为ＰＨＣ的易感人群，其中以ＨＢｓＡｇ和抗－ＨＢｃ同时阳性或抗－ＨＢｅ和抗－ＨＢｃ同时阳性的感染模式更易发生ＰＨＣ；也提示ＰＨＣ、ＨＢＶ、Ａ型血三者之间存在某种密切的、复杂的联系，对ＰＨＣ的发生有协同作用。对上述人群应密切关注，定期复查，以期早诊早治。

三种肿瘤标志物在PHC诊断中的应用价值

目的:探讨肿瘤标志物甲胎蛋白(AFP)、α-L-岩藻糖苷酶(AFU)、铁蛋白(SF)在原发性肝癌(PHC)诊断中的应用价值。方法:对78例PHC患者、46例良性肝病患者及45例正常人的血清AFP、AFU、SF进行同步检测分析。结果:PHC组血清AFP、AFU、SF的水平显著高于健康对照组及良性肝病组(P<0.05)。三种肿瘤标志物的联检阳性率为93.6%,较AFP、AFU、SF单项检测时有明显提高(P<0.05)。结论:肿瘤标志物AFP、AFU、SF对PHC有一定的诊断价值。三种肿瘤标志物联检可提高诊断PHC的阳性诊断率。

Clinical Study on Treatment of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Shenqi Mixture (参芪合剂) Combined with Microwave Coagulation

Objective: To observe the short￣term efficacy and safety of Shenqi mixture (参芪合剂, SQM) combined with microwave coagulation in treating primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: Seventy-two patients with primary HCC of stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ, Karnofsky scoring ≥50 scores and predicted survival period ≥3 months were selected and randomly assigned into two groups, the treated group and the control group, 36 in each. Microwave therapy was applied to both groups by double leads, 60 W, 800 sec once a week for two weeks. To the treated group, SQM was given additionally through oral intake of 20 ml, three times a day for 1 month. The changes in tumor size, main symptoms, serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), immune function and adverse reaction were observed after treatment and the immune parameters of the patients were compared with 30 healthy persons in the normal control group. Results: (1) In the SQM treated group, after treatment 3 patients got completely remitted (CR), 24 partial remitted (PR), 4 unchanged (NC) and 5 progressively deteriorated (PD), the effective rate being 75.00%; while in the control group, 1 got CR, 19 PR, 9 NC and 7 PD, the effective rate being 55.56%. Comparison of the effective rate between the two groups showed significant difference (P<0.05). (2) AFP level decreased after treatment in both groups, but the decrement in the treated group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). (3) After treatment, in the treated group, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK activity were improved, Karnofsky scores increased and liver function bettered, with these improvements significantly superior to those in the control group (P<0.01). (4) The improvement in symptoms such as hepatic region pain, fever, weakness, poor appetite and jaundice in the treated group after treatment was also superior to that in the control group (P<0.01). (5)The 12-month, 18-month and 24-month survival rates were higher and the recurrence rate was lower in the treated group than those in the control group, showing significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Combined therapy with SQM and microwave coagulation could not only kill the tumor and residue tumor cells to prevent recurrence, but also enhance the cellular immunity of organism. It is one of the effective therapies for patients with middle-advanced hepatocarcinoma, who have lost the chance of surgical operation. It could improve clinical symptoms, elevate the quality of life, prolong the survival period of patients, but shows no evident adverse reaction.

Analysis of tumor recurrence factors in patients of primary hepatocellular carcinoma with postoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)

Objective： The aim of the study was to analyze the tumor recurrence factors in patients of primary hepatocellular carcinoma （PHC） with postoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE）. Methods： A total of 121 cases of PHC by TACE after 1-2 months of surgery was retrospectively analyzed, followed up and analyzed the free survival time and the factors related to tumor-free survival. Results： In all 121 cases, 1-, 2-, and 3-year tumor-free survival rates were 72.73%, 46.21% and 26.93%, respectively. Gender, age, HBV infection, tumor size, capsule is complete, degree of differentiation and the presence of vascular thrombosis were put into the COX proportional hazards model of survival time to select the influential variables. In the clinical data of all variables entering COX proportional hazards model, tumor size, tumor differentiation and the presence of vascular thrombosis were statistically significant contributions to the model. In the tumor diameter less than or equal 10 cm [P = 0.040, Exp （B） = 2.210], vascular thrombosis [P = 0.039, Exp （B） = 2.922] and the lower degree of tumor differentiation [P = 0.035, Exp （B） = 3.038], the risk of tumor recent recurrence increased. Conclusion： Tumor size, differentiation, and the presence of vascular thrombosis are the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of PHC after TACE.

Study on correlation between pathology and the contrast-enhanced ultrasound characteristics of primary liver cancer

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) for blood perfusion of primary liver cancer(PHC) and investigate the correlation between microvascular architecture of PHC and pathological differentiation.Methods:Two hundred and seventy-eight patients with 329 PHC lesions were examined by CEUS and analysised the contrast enhancement pattern and correlation with pathology.Results:1.CEUS patterns of PHC:71.7%(236/329) showed "swift enhancement in the arterial phase and swift expurgation in the portal phase",13.4%(44/329) for as "swift enhancement and slow expurgation",7.3%(24/329) as "swift enhancement and simultaneity expurgation",4.3%(14/329) for the "slow enhancement and swift expurgation",2.1%(7/329) as "slow enhancement and expurgation",1.2%(4/329) as "not fast forward".2.90.3%(297/329) of PHC lesions were hypervascular liver cancer and 9.7%(32/329) were hypovascular.Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) were hypervascular lesions and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC) were hypovascular lesions.3.PHC size had a significant difference on the contrast media purfusion pattern(P < 0.05),but not on the contrast media expurgation pattern.4.The accuracy of PHC by CEUS were 97.3% and compared to pathology,9 lesions of PHC were misdiagnosed.Conclusion:CEUS can show the different blood perfusion characteristics of PHC with closely related to pathological differentiation,which be valuable to diagnose liver cancer.

Clinical Significance of Serum IL-18 and IL-18BP in Patients with Benign or Malignant Primary Liver Tumors

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between the serumlevels of IL-18 and IL-18BP in the development and growth ofprimary liver cancer,benign liver tumors and liver cirrhosis and todetermine the value of serum IL-18 and IL-18BP in the diagnosisof primary liver cancer.METHODS The serum levels of IL-18 and IL-18BP in 36 patientswith primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC)were detected.Eighteenpatients were diagnosed with various benign liver tumors and 21patients with cirrhosis of liver(LC),determined by using an ELISAassay.The serum levels of AFP in 36 patients with primary livercancer were examined.The relationship among levels of serumIL-18,IL-18BP and AFP in the primary liver cancer was explored.RESULTS The sIL-18 levels in PHC were significantly lower thanin control group,the benign liver tumor group and the LC group.The sIL-18BP in PHC was significantly higher than that in controlgroup,benign liver tumor group and LC group(P<0.001).Therewas a close correlation between the levels of IL-18,IL-18BP andclinical stage in PHC:the later clinical stages had lower levels ofIL-18 and higher levels of IL-18BP while the earlier clinical stageshad higher levels of IL-18 and lower levels of IL-18BP.There was anegative correlation between serum levels of IL-18 and AFP in thePHC group(r = -0.7152,n=36,P<0.01),and there was a positivecorrelation between serum levels of IL-18 BP and AFP in thepatients with PHC(r=0.6315,n=36,P<0.01).The IL-18 and IL-18BP in the patients with various benign liver tumors or LC weresignificantly higher than those in control group.The differenceswere statistically significant(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Serum levels of IL-18 and IL-18BP can reflectthe immune function of patients with primary liver cancer,withvarious benign liver tumors or with LC and can also be indicativeof the clinic stage of primary liver cancer.It can be used to assistin making a diagnosis and in determining the clinical stage ofPHC.Detecting AFP concurrently can help make the diagnosis ofprimary liver cancer more precise.

A Comparative Study of the Expressions of ets-2, IGF-Ⅱ,C-myc and N-ras in Human Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Tumor-adjacent Tissues

The expressions of ets-2 ,IGF-Ⅱ,C-myc and N-ras in 12 pairs ofhuman primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC)and tumor-adjacent tissues are presentedin this paper.The results showed that there was at least one of the four oncogenesstudied over-expressed in the 12 pairs of samples.Ets-2 was the most commonly ex-pressed oncogene seen in all the PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues,with 3.5 and 2.4 Kb asthe major two bands,which are different from the evenly expressed 4.5 ,3.5 and 2.4 Kbbands in the normal control livers.In 6 tumor-adjacent tissues,the expression ofets-2 was higher than that in PHC.IGF-Ⅱ was expressed as 5.0 and 2.0 Kb fetaltranscripts in PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues,while in the normal control livers thetranscript was 5.6 Kb only.In one tumor-adjacent tissue there were IGF-Ⅱ fetal tran-scripts ,but in the corresponding PHC no IGF-Ⅱ transcripts were detected .N-raswas expressed as 4.0 kb band in 8 out of 12 PHC and in 6 out of 12 tumor-adjacent tis-sues.In two cases the expression of N-ras was higher in tumor-adjacent tissues than inPBC.5.6 and 2.6 Kb N-ras transcripts were also detected in one pair of PHC and tumor-adjacent tissues and in two tumor-adjacent tisues only,together with the 4.0 Kbtranscript.C-myc was expressed as 4.0 Kb band in 9 out of 12 PHC and in 6 out of12 tumor-adjacent tissues.One tumor-adjacent tissue had higher C-myc expression thanPHC In two PHC ,a 2.2 Kb C-myc transcript was also detected.The roles and rela-tionships of these oncogenes in the carcinogenesis of human PHC are discussed.

Quality assessment of the practice of focused antenatal care (FANC) in rural and urban primary health centres in Ekiti State

Objective: To ascertain that standard antenatal care (Focused antenatal care) is being received at the Primary Health Care level in urban and rural areas of Ekiti State and to determine the facilitating factors and challenges to the practice of FANC in urban and rural areas. Design: Cross sectional. Setting: Primary Health Centers Participants: Pregnant women and Heads of health facilities. Methods: Two hundred respondents each from urban and rural areas primary health centres were proportionately selected from 18 primary health centers using simple random sampling. Exit interviews were conducted using the antenatal care exit interview form of the Safe Motherhood Needs Assessment package. In-depth Interviews were conducted with the heads of selected facilities. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi square test and content analysis for indepth interview. Results: More respondents 58 (29.3%) from the urban areas had the minimum contents compared to 41 (20.7%) of the rural respondents (p < 0.05) and 178 (90.8%) of the urban were taught a range of health education topics compared to 177 (88.5%) (p = 0.45). Urban respondents were about 1.6 times more likely to receive the minimum contents than rural respondents. In-depth interview results explicated the facilitating factors and challenges to focused antenatal care in the study areas. Conclusion: The findings of this study is consistent with other studies establishing the fact that better health service is available to urban residents than rural residents;however, this study has succeeded in comparing the documented standard of antenatal care with what was being practiced in the selected PHCs of the state. The basic contents of focused antenatal care in Ekiti state were received by a small proportion of the respondents, suggesting that focused antenatal care had not fully translated into quality service;one major challenge to the delivery of standard antenatal care was inadequate number of skilled health workers especially in the rural areas. The gap between quality and utilisation of antenatal in urban and rural areas is gradually being closed up;this success should be improved upon and maintained.

Dubai Primary Health Care Centers Conformation to WHO Age-Friendly Primary Healthcare Recommendations

The WHO project for conforming PHC to requirements of all age groups has resulted in publishing a toolkit for age-friendly PHC in 2008. The toolkit included checklists for physical environment and signage properties. This study matched the current physical environment properties of DHA’s PHC Health Centers against WHO’s recommendations. This is a cross sectional descriptive study that included visits to all 12 Primary Health Care Centers in Dubai city during August-September 2016 with the objective to assess the degree of fulfillment of current properties of Health Centers building to the recommendations of WHO as listed in “Age-friendly Primary Health Care Centres Toolkit” [1]. The study found that 81.86% of physical environment properties are matching the recommendation of WHO, while signage matching was 44.6%. The study concluded that most PHC properties have a physical design that met WHO’s recommendations. The two major deviations were accessibility by public transportations and presence of grab bars. Factors that had a significant impact on design were compliance with multiple international and local standards, the availability of private cars, and the availability of wheel chairs. Signage in DHA’s health centers followed a central plan that differed from WHO’s recommendations.

Patient Satisfaction with Primary Health Care Services in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia

Patient satisfaction is a crucial measure of healthcare quality and plays a vital role in ensuring effective healthcare systems. This study aims to assess the level of patient satisfaction with primary healthcare services in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, identify social factors affecting satisfaction, and determine the reasons behind dissatisfaction and how to improve satisfaction. The study employed a cross-sectional observational design and included a random sample of 400 patients from primary healthcare centers in Riyadh. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. The study found that patients were generally satisfied with the primary healthcare services provided in Riyadh, with high levels of satisfaction reported for booking appointments, triage services, and emergency care. However, some aspects of the healthcare experience, such as long waiting times and the physical design of healthcare centers, need improvement. These findings can be used to inform the development of policies and interventions aimed at enhancing healthcare quality in Saudi Arabia.

在PHC中妇幼指标的达标要求

根据国家五部委下发的《我国农村实现“2000年人人享有卫生保健”的规划目标》,对规划中所涉及到的妇幼保健指标及达标要求进行了剖析,分析了目前国内妇幼保健现状,从局部地区情况出发,提出了达标差距及达标措施,并论述了评价方法。

沈阳市PHC现状调查的分析研究

本调查是以社会医学为理论框架,以PHC(初级卫生保健)13项指标和5项附加指标为主体,采取系统抽样方法和问卷形式进行的。调查的主要对象除全市11个区县、14个街道与乡镇的6133户(人)居民外,还包括557名基层卫生技术人员和326名三级干部。通过调查初步查清了沈阳市PHC现状、存在的主要问题和健康危险因素,同时在深入分析的基础上,从“大卫生观”的角度提出了相应的对策。

载药微球在肝动脉化疗栓塞术中对原发性肝癌患者的疗效观察

目的:观察载药微球在肝动脉化疗栓塞术(D-TACE)与传统的肝动脉化疗栓塞术(C-TACE)在治疗原发性肝癌中的疗效对比。方法:回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年12月广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的95例行D-TACE治疗的肝癌患者病历资料,根据载药栓塞微球的应用分为D-TACE组(观察组,44例)和C-TACE组(对照组,51例);治疗后3个月观察效果,通过检查丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、白蛋白(ALB)评价肝功能指标,甲胎蛋白(AFP)评价肝癌细胞活力,电解质钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg),观察两组近期临床疗效及不良反应发生情况,并随访12个月。结果:两组治疗后AFP均低于治疗前,治疗后观察组的AFP显著低于对照组(P<0.01);观察组和对照组疾病控制率分别为88.63%和70.59%,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组并发症无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者12个月的生存率高于对照组(P<0.05);Child-Pugh分级、肿瘤数目、AFP、载药微球应用与患者生存预后密切相关。结论:D-TACE在原发性肝癌的治疗中近期效果优于C-TACE,且安全性及预后良好。

FOLFOX 6方案治疗晚期原发性肝癌的临床观察

目的探讨奥沙利铂联合亚叶酸钙、氟尿嘧啶(FOLFOX6)方案治疗31例晚期原发性肝癌患者的疗效及毒性反应。方法入组31例晚期原发性肝癌患者,接受奥沙利铂100mg/m2静脉滴注180min,第1天,亚叶酸钙200mg/m2静脉滴注120min,第1天,氟尿嘧啶400mg/m2静脉推注+2400mg/m246h静脉泵注,每2周重复,4周为1周期。治疗至疾病进展或出现不能耐受的毒性,持续至多6周期,每2周期评价疗效,随访24个月。客观疗效按照RECIST标准评价,毒性反应按照美国NCICTC标准评价。结果31例患者均可评价疗效及毒性,其中CR1例,PR4例,有效率16.13%,SD8例,有16例患者(51.61%)的主要临床症状得以明显改善或消失,Karnofsky评分稳定或增高,生存质量明显提高。中位肿瘤进展时间(TTP)为5.5个月,中位总生存时间(OS)为9.7个月。毒副反应主要为粒细胞减少38.71%(12/31),血红蛋白减少29.03%(9/31),血小板减少32.26%(10/31)和较轻的神经毒性38.71%(12/31)。结论FOLFOX6方案治疗晚期原发性肝癌有效,毒性反应可以接受,值得进一步研究。

原发性肝癌患者血清肿瘤标志物与肿瘤组织中凋亡调节基因表达的关系

目的探讨原发性肝癌患者血清肿瘤标志物与肿瘤组织中凋亡调节基因表达的关系。方法 40例原发性肝癌患者与40例健康者分别纳入观察组和对照组,检测2组受试者的高尔基体蛋白73(GP73)、胸苷激酶(TK1)、Dickkopf1(DKK1)水平,以及肿瘤组织中凋亡调节基因的表达水平。结果观察组患者血清中GP73、TK1、DKK1水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肝癌组织中凋亡抑制基因Plk1、Livin和Xiap的水平高于癌旁正常组织,促凋亡基因MTS1、Caspase-3、Caspase-8的水平低于癌旁正常组织,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清GP73、TK1、DKK1水平与肝脏组织中Plk1、Livin、Xiap水平呈正相关,与MTS1、Caspase-3、Caspase-8的水平呈负相关。结论原发性肝癌患者血清中GP73、TK1、DKK1水平异常升高,且与肿瘤组织中凋亡调节基因的表达密切相关,是判断原发性肝癌病情的理想指标。

2492例肝癌辨证分型临床报道的统计分析

目的 :探讨肝癌中医辨证分型的客观规律。方法 :统计分析近 2 0年来国内公开报道的肝癌辨证分型。进行多组间x2 检验的 9组病例数据 ,两两比较。结果 :2 4 92例肝癌最常见证型依次是 :①气滞血瘀型 ;②肝郁脾虚型 ;③肝肾阴虚型 ;④肝郁气滞型 ;⑤脾胃气虚型。而肝胆湿热型。