Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs on Antibiotic Use and Drug Resistance:Analysis of Data from Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals in Hubei Province,China

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs(ASPs)on antibiotic use and drug resistance.MethodsThis was a retrospective,multicenter,management intervention study.The data from 85 maternity hospitals(maternal and child health care hospitals)in Hubei province from 2012 to 2019 were collected.The indicators related to antimicrobial drug use included the utilization rate of different grades of antimicrobial drugs,the intensity of antimicrobial agent use,the rational use of prophylactic antimicrobial agents before class I surgical incision,and pathogenic detection and consultation rates before antimicrobial drug use.ResultsSince the implementation,the purchase of antimicrobial agents in hospitals has been maintained within the prescribed range,and the defined daily dose system(DDDs)of antimicrobial agents has been reduced,prophylactic use and accurate treatment of antimicrobial agents related to class I surgical incision have been more reasonable.With the implementation of ASPs,the detection rate of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli,and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been decreased in China from national bacterial resistance surveillance data.ConclusionASPs have positive effects on antibiotic use and drug resistance in 85 maternity hospitals(maternal and child health care hospitals).

Nurse Mentor Training Program to Improve Quality of Maternal and Newborn Care at Primary Health Centres: Process Evaluation

Quality of maternal and newborn care could be improved if health care providers’ knowledge and competencies as well as system level constraints are addressed. However, due to several barriers staff nurses who form the frontline of health care workforce have limited access to enhancing their clinical knowledge and competencies. To address this gap, a new cadre of nurse mentors (NMs) for the public health system were trained by specialists from a teaching hospital in a special 5-week training course. This included 54 hours of theory and 110 hours of practical in clinical obstetric and newborn care, apart from mentoring, quality improvement and health systems issues. The nurse mentors were assigned to support staff nurses in the primary health care centres (PHCs) in eight northern Karnataka districts. Each NM covered 6-8 PHCs monthly for 2 - 3 days and thus a total of 385 PHCs were reached. They received support in the field through supportive supervision visits done by the specialists who had trained them, as well as by refresher training and clinical postings to the district hospitals. This paper presents impact of the training program on change in immediate and long term knowledge and competency scores of nurse mentors. Their baseline knowledge scores changed from 44.3 ± 12.7 to 72.1 ± 13.8 immediately after the training in obstetric and from 18.2 ± 19.1 to 66.4 ± 14.9 in newborn (p p p > 0.05). Skills score soon after training increased from 62.2 ± 13.2 to 69.6 ± 12.5 in obstetric after a 1 year period and from 52.6 ± 9.3;63.5 ± 14.4 in newborn (p < 0.001) content areas respectively. These findings have implications for those interested in improving quality of maternal and child care through nurse-dependent health delivery systems.

Service Delivery Factors That Influence Utilization of HIV Integrated Primary Health Care Programme in Embu Referral Hospital, Kenya

Globally, there are approximately 36.7 million people living with HIV. Integration of HIV treatment with primary care services improves effectiveness, efficiency and equity in service delivery. The study sought to establish service delivery factors that influenced utilization of integrated HIV and primary health care services in Embu Teaching and Referral hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data at a specific period and point of time from a sample of 302 seropositive clients who were selected using simple random method. Data collection tool was structured and semi-structured questionnaire. The tool was reliable at Cronbach’s alpha of 0.817. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data. A binary logistic regression model was used to predict the relationship between service delivery and utilization of integrated services. Results: Majority of the respondents (59.6%) were aged over 35 years with majority being female (58.9%) and the married were 57.6% of the total sample. On service delivery factors, majority (94.7%) felt that their health status had improved. Action taken when clients developed side effects, 78.8% reported that the drugs were changed. Action taken following drug side effects significantly affected utilization, χ2 = 1.305, p = 0.001, df = 1. The findings showed that waiting time significantly influenced utilization, χ2 = 9.284, df = 1, p = 0.002. Source of information on self care also significantly influenced utilization, χ2 = 10.689, df = 1, p = 0.001. Kind of treatment at the facility also significantly influenced utilization, χ2 = 5.713, p = 0.048. Conclusion: significant factors that influenced utilization of integrated services were source of health care information, secondly waiting time was another factor which influenced utilization. Majority of the respondents were satisfied with duration of time they take before they were served;they reported to take utmost 1 hour to be attended to and action taken by health care provider following side effects was another factor that influenced the utilization.

Longitudinal Care Evaluation in Child Healthcare

Objective: To evaluate the essential attribute of Primary Health Care, longitudinal care, care directed at children from birth to two years old. Methods: This is a descriptive and exploratory study of evaluative character and quantitative approach, conducted with parents/caregivers of 186 children, younger than two years old, patients of primary health care services in the city of Santa Cruz/RN, Brazil. For data collection, the instrument Primary Care Assessment Tools (PCA Tools) was used, and the results of the questions dealing with longitudinal attribute were evaluated. The data were stored and processed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences School of Trairí, under number 348896. Results: The mean age of children in months was 8.21;84.4% (n = 157) were assisted by the same doctor/nurse every time;in 81.7% (n = 152) of cases the doctor/nurse know the full medical history of the child;73.7% (n = 137) answered that the professional know their child more as a person than just as someone with a health problem;48.9% (n = 91) stated that the doctor/nurse do not know their family very well;86.6% (n = 161) reported finding the doctor/nurse understands what is saying or questioning;96.2 (n = 179) of respondents said the doctor/nurse answers the questions so that they understand;96.2% (n = 179) of the interviewed said they feel comfortable telling the concerns or problems of their child to the doctor/nurse;66.7% (n = 124) claimed that they would not change the service/doctor/nurse to another health service. Conclusion: It is concluded that the attribute was well rated by the mothers of children seen in primary health care services and that they can establish good communication and relationship with the health professionals who treat their children.

Mothers’ and health workers’ perceptions of participation in a child-friendly health initiative in rural South Africa

Background: Primary health care clinics promote health in addition to treating illness, but are often perceived as unfriendly and frightening places for children. This research aimed to improve child-friendliness in primary health care settings in a rural, high HIV prevalence area in South Africa. Methods: As part of a larger intervention (“Amagugu” Intervention) health staff in nine primary health care clinics were trained in a child-friendliness approach. 281 enrolled mothers were invited to attend clinic with their primary school-aged children and assessed childfriendliness via structured questionnaires administered by independent assessors;a sub-group also participated in in-depth interviews. Post intervention, focus groups were conducted with 87 primary health staff to determine their experiences of providing child-friendly services. Results: Mothers rated 65% of clerks and 70% of nurses as “very friendly”. Qualitative data showed that heavy clinical loads, limited human resources and inadequate infrastructure were perceived as barriers to child-friendliness, while good clinic leadership and appropriate resources facilitated child-friendliness. Post intervention most health workers reported that child-friendly health promotion activities were rewarding. Conclusions: Providing child-friendliness training and support to primary health care facilities in low-resource settings is feasible, acceptable and yielded encouraging results.

Assessing the influence of digital technologies on antenatal care visits in Zimbabwe:insights from 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

Background and objective:To provide good health and well-being as established by the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)3,access to digital technologies can act as conduits to achieve such progress in a population.As guided by the World Health Organization,antenatal care(ANC)attendance is one of the measures promoted to curtail the global health burden of maternal and infant mortality.ANC services are seldom utilized to their full potential in Zimbabwe.This study explores if any of the women's digital technology characteristics were associated with antenatal care visits.Methods:The study analyzed population-based cross-sectional data with a subsample of 1932 women aged 15-49 years from the 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.Test of associations with chi-square test,bivariate,and multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the predictors of adequate(4-7)and optimal(≥8)ANC visits relative to undesirable(1-3)antenatal care visits among women who had given births 2 years before the survey.Results:The results indicate that 64.5%(1246/1932)of the women attained adequate ANC while about 9.8%(189/1932)attained optimal ANC.Reading a newspaper/magazine at least once a week(odds ratio[OR] 1.73,β'=0.551,t=2.030,P=0.043)and watching television at least once a week(OR 1.72,β=0.545,t=2.454,P=0.015),listening to the radio less than once a week(OR 1.28,β'=0.247,t=1.750,P=0.080),and owning a mobile phone(OR 1.48,β'=0.394,t=3.020,P=0.003)were positively associated with adequate ANC.Optimal ANC was significantly associated with women being able to read a newspaper at least once a week(OR 2.93,β'=1.074,t=3.120,P=0.002),listen to the radio less than 0nce a week(OR 2.07,p'=0.73,t=2.700,P=0.007)and have ownership of a mobile phone(OR 1.88,β'=0.631,t=2.620,P=0.009).Conclusion:Access to a newspaper,radio,television,and mobile phone were important predictors of a woman's ability to achieve her ANC attendance.Policies to improve the knowledge of ANC packages can be facilitated using digital technology to achieve adequate and preferably optimal ANC in Zimbabwe.It is important to improve digital infrastructure to support digital technologies in providing ANC services.

某妇幼保健院基于RBRVS和DRG方法开展绩效评价的实践

根据国家、省医药卫生体制改革相关文件精神,笔者采用当下比较有效的绩效评价工具RBRVS+DRGs的绩效考核方法,构建具有妇幼专科特色的绩效评价体系,引导临床业务科室在促进业务增长的同时提升业务能力和病种收治质量。通过绩效考核评价机制的改革,促进了医院业务财务融合发展,建立重实绩、重贡献、向优秀人才和临床一线倾斜的分配激励机制,实现医院高质量发展的目标。

基于三级妇幼保健院应用微信公众号开展健康科普传播状况的调查

目的了解我国三级妇幼保健院应用微信公众号开展健康科普传播的现状,为促进各级妇幼保健机构充分利用微信公众号平台开展健康科普宣传,提高新媒体健康传播效能提供参考依据。方法选取2021年参加全国三级妇幼保健机构绩效考核并有微信公众号的274所机构为调查对象。采用自制问卷,于2022年4—6月通过问卷星向被调查机构的微信公众号负责人进行调查。问卷内容涉及负责人基本情况,以及本机构纳入三级妇幼保健院微信公众号科普作品影响力监测的微信公众号建设和管理情况,科普作品的创作、发布和运营情况,针对用户调查情况等。结果274所有微信公众号的三级妇幼保健院中,67.9%的微信公众号为服务号;98.9%的微信公众号具有健康宣教功能;用户注册数超过20万人的微信公众号占29.2%。各机构微信公众号管理人员数量普遍较少,仅为1人的机构占29.2%,37.9%的机构无专人管理。微信公众号负责人所在科室主要为宣传科(38.7%)、健康教育科(27.4%)及院办(13.1%);负责人专业背景为医学相关专业的仅占36.9%;各机构确定科普作品主题的方法主要为配合科普宣传日(94.2%)、各科室提供(90.1%)、热点话题(81.8%)、根据节气/天气变化(59.5%)等,主题确定来源于用户需求调查的仅为37.2%;科普稿源以相关业务科室提供为主(95.3%);94.5%的机构在科普作品发布前有专人审核。发布的科普作品主要通过院内官方宣传媒体(84.3%)和院内自媒体(77.4%)进行推广,经由辖区妇幼体系推广的机构仅占13.1%。微信公众号运营管理人员主要是本机构专职(47.1%)和兼职人员(49.3%);79.6%的机构无运营经费支持;53.6%的机构设定了科普作品发布激励机制,仅有21.2%的机构开展过微信公众号用户调查。结论绝大多数三级妇幼保健院均能通过微信公众号开展妇幼健康科普传播工作,但普遍缺乏用户调查和对公众号运营的支持,应进一步加强对微信公众号的管理,并充分利用微信公众号开展与用户的沟通及需求评估,从而进一步促进微信公众号健康传播能力的提升。

2016—2021年某妇幼保健院早产儿医院感染影响因素分析

目的 了解早产儿医院感染现状及影响因素,为早产儿医院感染防控提供理论和实践依据。方法 采用回顾性研究方法,对2016年1月—2021年12月某院新生儿病房收治的早产儿进行调查分析,查阅病历,收集早产儿基本信息及住院期间诊疗信息。结果 共纳入早产儿3 559例,其中男1 964例,女1 595例;平均出生体重(2 108.66±631.17)g。发生医院感染109例,发病率3.06%;主要感染类型为下呼吸道感染(44.04%)、血流感染(28.44%)、胃肠道感染(14.68%);检出医院感染相关病原菌38株,其中革兰阴性菌33株(86.84%),革兰阳性菌3株,真菌2株。主要分离病原菌为产气肠杆菌(28.95%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(28.95%)。经单因素、非条件多因素logistic回归分析,羊水污染、出生体重<2 500 g、使用呼吸机、中心静脉插管是早产儿医院感染的独立危险因素(OR值分别为2.424、3.805、3.776、5.412,均P<0.05);剖宫产是早产儿医院感染的保护因素(OR=0.362,P<0.05)。结论 早产儿医院感染风险高,影响因素多,临床应引起重视,积极采取有循证依据的防控措施减少风险因素暴露,保护早产儿健康。

2015—2022年全国三级妇幼保健院卫生人力资源配置状况分析

目的了解2015—2022年全国三级妇幼保健院的卫生人力资源配置状况,为进一步加强妇幼保健院人才队伍建设和管理提供依据。方法通过全国妇幼保健机构监测系统收集数据,对全国所有三级妇幼保健院的卫生人力资源情况进行描述性分析。结果2015—2022年全国三级妇幼保健院卫生技术人员数量不断增加,年平均增长率为10.2%;高学历和高职称卫生技术人员占比逐年上升;卫生技术人员占比达标的三级妇幼保健院所占的比例已提高到93.8%;医护比已超过1∶1.4。结论我国三级妇幼保健院的卫生人力资源配置状况呈现良好的上升趋势,为提高妇幼保健院整体服务水平与服务能力奠定了基础。

基于PCAT的签约服务模式下社区儿童健康服务质量研究

背景基层医疗卫生机构以其综合、连续、协调、便捷和经济的特点,扮演着儿童常见病、多发病诊疗、计划免疫以及儿童健康管理的重要角色,为儿童健康服务奠定坚实基础。开展家庭医生签约管理下的儿童保健服务,对于提升儿童健康服务质量至关重要。然而,我国基层机构在儿童健康服务能力方面存在地区差异,因此,准确评价基层儿童健康服务质量,有助于及时发现问题,推动基层儿童健康服务向更高水平发展。目的了解签约儿童家长对社区儿童健康服务质量的评价情况,分析质量问题,提出优化策略,为进一步提升社区儿童健康服务质量、推进儿童签约服务高质量发展提供决策参考。方法以成都市某区为案例地区,2022年采用方便抽样,抽取该区3家社区卫生服务中心为样本机构,采用初级卫生保健服务质量评价工具(PCAT)中文版,对样本机构签约儿童家长进行社区儿童健康服务质量在线问卷调查。结果共完成3631名签约儿童家长调查。样本机构社区儿童健康服务质量PCAT中文版总得分为(58.72±13.43)分。社区儿童健康服务质量PCAT得分相对较高的维度为“持续性”“社区首诊(服务可及性和服务使用)”以及“服务综合性(服务提供)”,而“以家庭为中心”“综合性(可用服务)”和“协调性(转诊)”等维度得分相对较低。不同户籍、文化程度、平均年收入、有无熟悉的医护人员和过去1年在该中心就诊次数的调查对象PCAT中文版总得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析结果显示,调查对象的户籍所在地,母亲的文化程度、家庭平均月收入、有无熟悉的医护人员和过去1年在该中心就诊次数均是PCAT总得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论案例地区签约服务模式下社区儿童健康服务质量水平有较大提升空间,应重点加强社区儿童健康服务综合性(可用服务)和服务协调性(转诊),推动以儿童及家庭为中心理念落实,关注非本地户籍儿童健康服务工作。

基于财务视角的我国妇幼保健院发展变化研究

目的:基于财务视角对妇幼保健院发展现状进行研究,为妇幼事业发展和相关部门出台政策提供参考。方法:采用描述性分析法,从财政保障水平、偿债能力、收支情况、发展能力和工作效率5个维度选取14个财务指标,对2012-2021年妇幼保健院与整个专业公共卫生机构进行分析与比较。结果:妇幼保健院财政补助收入占比明显低于整个专业公共卫生机构,且增速变动幅度较大;资产负债率整体上呈增长趋势;收支结余率较低,自我补偿能力减弱,人员经费支出比率较高;近2年发展能力指标增速整体上低于专业公共卫生机构;医师日均诊疗人次整体呈下降趋势,床位周转率和床位周转次数下降明显。结论:建立科学合理的财政补助机制;适当控制负债规模;坚持“强保健、精临床”双轮驱动,加快推进医疗服务价格形成机制建设;明确财务指标标准;加强精细化运营管理,实现效率、效益、效能同步提升。

门急诊服务敏感疾病住院的管理策略研究

门急诊服务敏感疾病住院(ACSH)问题造成了我国每年至少千亿元卫生资源的浪费。实施精准干预措施以减少ACSH是卫生系统健康可持续发展的重要内容,有助于减缓疾病的发生发展,提升群众健康水平,降低经济负担。本研究旨在系统分析ACSH的影响因素,总结归纳减少ACSH的国际经验并探索适用于我国医疗卫生服务体系的ACSH管理策略。研究发现,ACSH受个体因素、卫生服务系统因素和社会因素的影响。国际上主要通过医疗卫生服务模式、服务提供和服务管理三方面举措减少ACSH。本研究结合国际经验和实际情况对我国ACSH管理工作提出如下建议:首先,将ACSH纳入医疗卫生服务评价体系,对门急诊服务敏感疾病(ACSCs)进行全面监测和综合管理,其次,提高医疗卫生服务能力,推动ACSCs管理的规范化与同质化,并基于循证理念改善管理水平;再次,应深入开展ACSCs本土化研究,促进高质量证据转化实施;最后,持续提高人口健康素养,强化患者和公众对减少ACSH的正确认识。

门急诊服务敏感疾病的研究进展:基于CiteSpace的文献计量分析

背景门急诊服务敏感疾病(ACSCs)指通过及时有效的门急诊服务可以避免住院的疾病。随着全球对提升医疗卫生服务质量与效率的日渐关注,深入了解ACSCs的发生发展和研究动态至关重要。目的分析近30年ACSCs研究领域的热点、前沿与趋势。方法2023年3月,检索并分析Web of Science数据库中与ACSCs相关的英文文献,使用CiteSpace 6.1.R6信息可视化软件进行数据汇总和分析,包括发表年份、作者、研究机构、关键词和参考文献。时间跨度设置为“1992-2023年”,时间分区设置为5年。网络节点关联强度选择“Cosine”算法。根据分析主题,选择“Author”“Institution”“Keyword”作为节点进行可视化分析,分别得到作者、机构、关键词共现的知识图谱。结果初检获得文献1701篇,经CiteSpace识别后,最终纳入分析1698篇。近年来关注ACSCs的研究数量总体呈现上升趋势,发文量排名前3位的机构分别是哈佛大学[81篇(4.77%)]、加利福尼亚大学[63篇(3.71%)]及密歇根大学[47篇(2.77%)]。关键词聚类图谱得到“nursing home”“public health”“primary care”“integrated care”“impact”“potentially avoidable hospitalizations”“management”“performance”8个聚类主题。引文分析显示,ACSCs领域高被引研究重点聚焦于可避免住院的现状与影响因素、可避免住院与医疗卫生服务的关系、减少可避免住院的措施三方面。结论近30年,ACSCs领域的研究迅速发展,目前已被世界主要发达国家广泛用于评估和改进医疗卫生服务。然而,研究者和机构之间缺乏跨区域合作,研究热点随时间演进不断变化,主题涵盖ACSCs及门急诊服务敏感疾病住院(ACSH)的研究意义与政策含义、影响因素、实践应用和政策启示四大类。国内对这些关键领域的探讨不足,未来需给予更多关注。

妇幼保健体系子宫颈癌医防一体化管理与技术服务专家共识

子宫颈癌可防可控却仍严重威胁女性健康。人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗接种、子宫颈癌筛查和早诊早治的综合干预策略是实现全球消除子宫颈癌战略目标的重要路径。目前我国已建立比较完善的妇幼保健体系,承担人群子宫颈癌防控技术服务与管理的重要职能。在妇幼保健体系内建立子宫颈癌医防一体化服务管理模式与协同机制,整合健康教育、疫苗接种、筛查、诊断与治疗、随访管理,对提高防治服务可及性,加速消除子宫颈癌的目标实现具有重要的公共卫生意义。本共识在对我国妇幼保健体系充分调研和专家研讨基础上,系统梳理妇幼保健体系在子宫颈癌防控工作中的作用、服务模式和瓶颈因素,提出构建妇幼保健机构内医防服务一体化和妇幼保健机构间医防服务全流程闭环的双路径模式,以及实现医防一体化模式的关键要素和建设原则,为推动我国妇幼保健体系子宫颈癌防治服务向连续、整合、系统转型提供指导建议。

4~7岁儿童代谢综合征有关指标之间相关模式研究

目的探究4~7岁儿童代谢综合征有关指标之间的相关模式。方法依托前期开展的孕期增补复合微量营养素预防母婴不良结局项目,在河北满城、元氏2县选取参加项目孕妇所生儿童1454名,于儿童4~7岁时测量身高、体重、腰围、血压并检测血脂和血糖。采用Pearson相关分析检验体质指数(BMI)、腰围、总胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、收缩压和舒张压共9个指标之间的线性相关关系。参照美国心脏学会标准判定儿童中心性肥胖、高血压、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症和高血糖发生情况,采用关联分析的φ系数描述5个代谢综合征组分间的相关关系。结果儿童CHO与LDL-C相关关系强(r=0.82,P<0.001),腰围与BMI、收缩压与舒张压、CHO与HDL-C相关关系较强(r依次为0.63、0.60和0.74,P均<0.001),CHO与TG、TG与LDL-C、HDL-C与LDL-C中等强度相关(r依次为0.34、0.30和0.43,P均<0.001),其他指标之间为弱相关或无相关。儿童中心性肥胖与高血压、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症三者均呈弱相关关系(φ系数依次为0.06、0.08和0.07,P均<0.05),高血压和高TG血症呈弱相关关系(φ=0.05,P<0.05),其他代谢综合征组分间的φ系数无统计学意义。结论儿童收缩压与舒张压之间、腰围与BMI之间以及几个血脂指标彼此之间相关关系较强,包括HDL-C与CHO、LDL-C均为中等强度正相关关系,而血压、肥胖与血脂三类指标之间无明显相关,血糖与所有指标均无明显相关;儿童代谢综合征各组分间相关较弱或无相关,提示儿童代谢指标间相关模式与成人不完全相同,代谢综合征这一概念应用于儿童宜审慎。

基于PEST-SWOT分析模型的省级妇幼保健机构科技创新发展策略

目的探讨省级妇幼保健机构科技创新发展的内外部因素并提出有效策略。方法采用PEST-SWOT分析模型从政治、经济、社会和技术四个宏观环境角度对某省级妇幼保健机构科技创新发展的优势、劣势、机会、威胁进行全面分析。结果某省级妇幼保健机构科技创新发展在政策支持、科研管理制度、科研经费投入、学科特色等方面具有优势和机会,但是在人才队伍、信息化水平、行业竞争等方面存在一定的威胁和劣势。结论妇幼保健机构科技创新发展受内部、外部多方面影响,需要牢牢把握机遇,从医教研协同、学科布局、人才队伍、信息化建设等方面全面促进科技创新发展。

广西妇幼保健机构资源配置效率评价及提升路径研究

目的:对广西妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置效率进行研究,分析卫生资源利用过程中存在的主要问题,探讨其卫生资源配置的提升路径,为优化妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置提出可行的对策与建议。方法:从《广西卫生健康统计年鉴(2022)》中选取妇幼保健机构的投入产出指标数据,采用数据包络分析法对投入产出效率进行综合评价,并利用模糊集定性比较分析方法,结合妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置现状,从社会、政府、组织3个层面构建卫生资源配置效率的不同提升路径。结果:广西14个地级市中有6个城市卫生资源配置有效,1个城市未能同时达到技术和规模有效,7个城市显示为无效,均存在不同程度的投入冗余及产出不足问题;提高资源配置效率的路径有4条,可归结为社会环境驱动型、政府-组织驱动型。另外,抑制资源配置效率的路径有3条,归结为全面失衡型、政府-社会环境缺失型。结论:广西大部分地区妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置不能同时达到技术和规模有效,卫生资源综合效率相对较低,不同地区间存在分布差异,不同城市间的卫生资源配置优化路径也存在差异。广西妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置效率的影响因素较为复杂,建议在加强机构设施建设的同时,注重政府与社会的投入,避免投入冗余及产出不足的问题。

以助产士为主导的群组式母婴保健模式构建在基层医院的应用

目的探讨以助产士为主导的群组式母婴保健模式构建在基层医院的应用。方法选择2022年8月至2023年5月在杭州市富阳区妇幼保健院常规产检并分娩的200名产妇作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组100名。对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上以助产士为主导的群组式母婴保健模式进行护理,从孕12周开始进行,直到产后6周结束。比较两组产妇的分娩方式、产妇产程及新生儿情况,产后1、3、6个月母乳喂养率,干预前后对孕期理论知识掌握情况,产后2、24 h的出血量及产后1个月的妊娠合并症。结果干预后,观察组产妇自然分娩率高于对照组,而剖宫产率及会阴侧切率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组产妇产后1、3、6个月母乳喂养率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组孕期理论知识的掌握情况评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组合并症例数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组产后2、24 h出血量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对孕妇使用以助产士为主导的群组式母婴保健模式可以明显改善其妊娠结局,值得在临床中应用。

基于PDCA循环管理探索省级妇幼保健院开展新职工岗前培训的意义与实践路径

人才是促进卫生健康事业高质量发展,推动健康中国建设的关键。新职工作为医院人力资源管理的重要组成部分,也是提高医院核心竞争力和提升人才质量、实现高质量发展的关键。开展新职工岗前培训,是挖掘职工潜能、提高职工工作能力,激发干事创业热情和文化认同的重要途径之一,也是加强医院人才梯队建设、促进学科发展、推动医院综合实力和核心竞争力不断实现新跃升的重要保障。Plan(计划)-Do(执行)-Check(检査)-Act(处置)(PDCA)循环管理模式是现代医院科学管理的重要抓手,在新职工岗前培训过程中运用质量管理工具是改善培训质量、提高培训效率的重要途径。本文以省级妇幼保健院为例,结合质量控制(PDCA)循环管理模式在新职工岗前培训的应用,总结归纳省级妇幼保健院开展岗前培训的必要性、重要性,探索提出开展岗前培训要坚持以政治建设铸魂,不断优化培训课程,提升培训管理水平并建立长效培训机制,从而进一步为医院高质量发展打下良好基础。