On the Formation of Abstract Prime Number Theorem

In this paper we prove a zero-free region for L-functions LG（z,Х）. As an application, an abstract prime number theorem with sharp error-term for formations is established.

On the Prime Geodesic Theorem for Non-Compact Riemann Surfaces

We use B. Randol’s method to improve the error term in the prime geodesic theorem for a noncompact Riemann surface having at least one cusp. The case considered is a general one, corresponding to a Fuchsian group of the first kind and a multiplier system with a weight on it.

Small Modular Solutions to Fermat’s Last Theorem

The proof by Andrew Wiles of Fermat’s Last Theorem in 1995 resolved the existence question for non-trivial solutions in integers x,y,zto the equation xn+yn=znfor n>2. There are none. Surprisingly, there are infinitely many solutions if the problem is recast in terms of modular arithmetic. Over a hundred years ago Issai Schur was able to show that for any n there is always a sufficiently large prime p0such that for all primes p≥p0the congruence xn+yn≡zn(modp)has a non-trivial solution. Schur’s argument wasnon-constructive, and there is no systematic method available at present to construct specific examples for small primes. We offer a simple method for constructing all possible solutions to a large class of congruences of this type.

Twin Prime Distribution Problem

The distribution of twin prime numbers is discussed. The research method of corresponding prime number distribution is proposed. The distribution of prime numbers corresponding to integers and composite numbers is discussed. Through the corresponding prime distribution rate of integers and composite numbers, it is found that the corresponding prime distribution rate of composite numbers approaches the corresponding prime distribution rate of integers. The distribution principle of corresponding prime number of composite number is proved. The twin prime distribution theorem is obtained. The number of twin prime numbers is thus obtained. It provides a practical way to study the conjecture of twin prime numbers.

The Numbers of Thousand Place of Mersenne Primes

Mersenne primes are a special kind of primes, which are an important content in number theory. The study of Mersenne primes becomes one of hot topics of the nowadays science. Searching for Mersenne primes is very challenging in scientific researches. In this paper, the numbers of thousand place of Mersenne primes are studied, and the conclusion is presented by using the Chinese remainder theorem.

Very Original Proofs of Two Famous Problems: “Are There Any Odd Perfect Numbers?” (Unsolved until to Date) and “Fermat’s Last Theorem: A New Proof of Theorem (Less than One and a Half Pages) and Its Generalization”

This article presents very original and relatively brief or very brief proofs about of two famous problems: 1) Are there any odd perfect numbers? and 2) “Fermat’s last theorem: A new proof of theorem and its generalization”. They are achieved with elementary mathematics. This is why these proofs can be easily understood by any mathematician or anyone who knows basic mathematics. Note that, in both problems, proof by contradiction was used as a method of proof. The first of the two problems to date has not been resolved. Its proof is completely original and was not based on the work of other researchers. On the contrary, it was based on a simple observation that all natural divisors of a positive integer appear in pairs. The aim of the first work is to solve one of the unsolved, for many years, problems of the mathematics which belong to the field of number theory. I believe that if the present proof is recognized by the mathematical community, it may signal a different way of solving unsolved problems. For the second problem, it is very important the fact that it is generalized to an arbitrarily large number of variables. This generalization is essentially a new theorem in the field of the number theory. To the classical problem, two solutions are given, which are presented in the chronological order in which they were achieved. Note that the second solution is very short and does not exceed one and a half pages. This leads me to believe that Fermat, as a great mathematician was not lying and that he had probably solved the problem, as he stated in his historic its letter, with a correspondingly brief solution. To win the bet on the question of whether Fermat was telling truth or lying, go immediately to the end of this article before the General Conclusions.

Development of New Method for Generating Prime Numbers

The article is devoted to actual problems of prime numbers. A theorem that allows generating a sequence of prime numbers is proposed. An algorithm for generating prime numbers has been developed. A comparison of the proposed theorem, with Wilson’s theorem is also provided.

On Prime Numbers between kn and (k + 1) n

In this paper along with the previous studies on analyzing the binomial coefficients, we will complete the proof of a theorem. The theorem states that for two positive integers n and k, when n ≥ k - 1, there always exists at least a prime number p such that kn p ≤ (k +1)n. The Bertrand-Chebyshev’s theorem is a special case of this theorem when k = 1. In the field of prime number distribution, just as the prime number theorem provides the approximate number of prime numbers relative to natural numbers, while the new theory indicates that prime numbers exist in the specific intervals between natural numbers, that is, the new theorem provides the approximate positions of prime numbers among natural numbers.

A COMMENT ON THE PROOF OF FERMAT'S LAST THEOREM

In this paper, some conmments on the proof of Fermat’s last theorem are proposed.The main resuilt is thai the proof proposed by Wong Chiahe is only part of proof for fermat’s last theorem. That is to sqy ,the proof is not all-full proof to Fermat’s last theorem.

Bombieri's Theorem in Short Intervals

Under the assumption of sixth power large.sieve mean-value of Dirichlet L-function, we improve Bombieri＇s theorem in short intervals by virtue of the large sieve method and Heath-Brown＇s identity.

THE PROOF OF FERMAT'S LAST THEOREM

i) Instead of x￣n+ y￣n = z￣n ,we use as the general equation of Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT),where a and b are two arbitrary natural numbers .By means of binomial expansion ,(0.1) an be written as Because a￣r-(-b)￣r always contains a +b as its factor ,(0.2) can be written as where φ_r =[a￣r-(-b)￣r]/ (a+b ) are integers for r=1 . 2, 3. ...n (ii) Lets be a factor of a+b and let (a +b) = se. We can use x= sy to transform (0.3 ) to the following (0.4)(iii ) Dividing (0.4) by s￣2 we have On the left side of (0.5) there is a polynomial of y with integer coefficient and on the right side there is a constant cφ/s .If cφ/s is not an integer ,then we cannot find an integer y to satisfy (0.5), and then FLT is true for this case. If cφ_n/s is an integer ,we may change a and c such the cφ_n/s≠an integer .

A Brief New Proof to Fermat’s Last Theorem and Its Generalization

This article presents a brief and new solution to the problem known as the “Fermat’s Last Theorem”. It is achieved without the use of abstract algebra elements or elements from other fields of modern mathematics of the twentieth century. For this reason it can be easily understood by any mathematician or by anyone who knows basic mathematics. The important thing is that the above “theorem” is generalized. Thus, this generalization is essentially a new theorem in the field of number theory.

How to Check If a Number Is Prime Using a Finite Definite Integral

In the history of mathematics different methods have been used to detect if a number is prime or not. In this paper a new one will be shown. It will be demonstrated that if the following equation is zero for a certain number p, this number p would be prime. And being m an integer number higher than (the lowest, the most efficient the operation). . If the result is an integer, this result will tell us how many permutations of two divisors, the input number has. As you can check, no recurrent division by odd or prime numbers is done, to check if the number is prime or has divisors. To get to this point, we will do the following. First, we will create a domain with all the composite numbers. This is easy, as you can just multiply one by one all the integers (greater or equal than 2) in that domain. So, you will get all the composite numbers (not getting any prime) in that domain. Then, we will use the Fourier transform to change from this original domain (called discrete time domain in this regards) to the frequency domain. There, we can check, using Parseval’s theorem, if a certain number is there or not. The use of Parseval’s theorem leads to the above integral. If the number p that we want to check is not in the domain, the result of the integral is zero and the number is a prime. If instead, the result is an integer, this integer will tell us how many permutations of two divisors the number p has. And, in consequence information how many factors, the number p has. So, for any number p lower than 2m?- 1, you can check if it is prime or not, just making the numerical definite integration. We will apply this integral in a computer program to check the efficiency of the operation. We will check, if no further developments are done, the numerical integration is inefficient computing-wise compared with brute-force checking. To be added, is the question regarding the level of accuracy needed (number of decimals and number of steps in the numerical integration) to have a reliable result for large numbers. This will be commented on the paper, but a separate study will be needed to have detailed conclusions. Of course, the best would be that in the future, an analytical result (or at least an approximation) for the summation or for the integration is achieved.

基于中国剩余定理的NFC安全认证算法

针对近场通信技术在应用中出现的安全隐患问题,给出一种基于中国剩余定理的算法。算法利用中国剩余定理实现对传送信息进行加密,中国剩余定理基于数学中大素数分解难题,使得攻击者无法进行破解;所有信息加密过程中混入随机数,用于保证消息的新鲜性;算法在进行信息更新时采用伪随机函数计算,因伪随机函数具备的单向性,使得攻击者无法分析出有用隐私信息。将不同算法对比安全分析,表明该算法能够抵抗重放攻击、异步攻击等多种攻击。通过性能角度及仿真实验对多个算法进行分析,结果表明该算法计算时间复杂度低于其他算法。

四素数RSA数字签名算法的研究与实现

RSA算法中模数和运算效率之间一直存在矛盾,目前一些认证机构已采用模数为2048 bit的RSA签名方法,这必然会影响签名效率。针对这一问题,提出四素数CRT-RSA签名算法,并使用安全杂凑函数SHA512来生成消息摘要,采用中国剩余定理结合Montgomery模乘来优化大数的模幂运算。通过安全性分析和仿真实验表明,该签名算法能抵抗一些常见攻击,并且在签名效率方面具有一定优势。

素数分布的三组递推公式及其应用

在研究素数分布过程中,通过创立一种新的筛法与台阶理论,得到关于素数分布的三组递推公式:不大于x的素数个数与孪生素数对数量的递推公式;不大于x的孪生素数个数的递推公式;任意偶数x≥6表为两个奇素数之和与孪生素数对数量对数的递推公式.

正则剩余格的生成⊙理想与素⊙理想

在剩余格中引入生成⊙理想和素⊙理想的概念,讨论了(正则)剩余格中生成⊙理想和素⊙理想的若干性质,并在正则剩余格中利用一个特殊的集合x-1I,给出了⊙理想成为素⊙理想的一个充要条件;然后利用这些结果证明了正则剩余格中的素⊙理想定理.

一种快速的素数生成和检验算法

就运算复杂度、报错率、实际运行效率等方面,对已有的素数检验算法进行了分析和比较.同时分析素数生成的相关算法,优化了ISO/IEC的生成算法并得到一个新的素数生成算法.

基于莱梅素数判定定理的安全素数构造算法

大素数的判定在公钥密码体制中起关键作用,分析了用于素数构造的相关定理及常的素数判定算法:Demytko算法、刘明华提出的素数构造算法。在莱梅定理的基础上实现素数构造算法,即由小素数组成的因数基经过多次合成和判断得到大素数;给出算法的描述,举例加以说明;对算法的时间复杂度及优缺点进行分析,实验数据表明算法的效率优于素数构造算法:Demytko。分别用该算法及Demytko算法生成的大素数构造RSA公钥密码体制中的p、q及n。

基于左连续伪T-模的非可换模糊逻辑系统PUL＊

对P.Hájek建立的模糊逻辑系统psMTL进行了扩充,基于一般左连续伪T-模提出了非可换模糊逻辑系统PUL＊,证明了它的可靠性定理.同时,以PUL＊系统的Lindenbaum代数结构为背景引入PUL＊.代数概念,建立了相应的滤子理论,得到PUL＊-代数的正规素滤子定理,借此证明了PUL＊系统的完备性.