Design Theory and Method of Complex Products:A Review

Design is a high-level and complex thinking activity of human beings,using existing knowledge and technology to solve problems and create new things.With the rise and development of intelligent manufacturing,design has increasingly reflected its importance in the product life cycle.Firstly,the concept and connotation of complex product design is expounded systematically,and the different types of design are discussed.The four schools of design theory are introduced,including universal design,axiomatic design,TRIZ and general design.Then the research status of complex product design is analyzed,such as innovative design,digital design,modular design,reliability optimization design,etc.Finally,three key scientific issues worthy of research in the future are indicated,and five research trends of“newer,better,smarter,faster,and greener”are summarized,aiming to provide references for the equipment design and manufacturing industry.

Uncertain Multidisciplinary Design Optimization on Next Generation Subsea Production System by Using Surrogate Model and Interval Method

The innovative Next Generation Subsea Production System(NextGen SPS)concept is a newly proposed petroleum development solution in ultra-deep water areas.The definition of NextGen SPS involves several disciplines,which makes the design process difficult.In this paper,the definition of NextGen SPS is modeled as an uncertain multidisciplinary design optimization(MDO)problem.The deterministic optimization model is formulated,and three concerning disciplines—cost calculation,hydrodynamic analysis and global performance analysis are presented.Surrogate model technique is applied in the latter two disciplines.Collaborative optimization(CO)architecture is utilized to organize the concerning disciplines.A deterministic CO framework with two disciplinelevel optimizations is proposed firstly.Then the uncertainties of design parameters and surrogate models are incorporated by using interval method,and uncertain CO frameworks with triple loop and double loop optimization structure are established respectively.The optimization results illustrate that,although the deterministic MDO result achieves higher reduction in objective function than the uncertain MDO result,the latter is more reliable than the former.

Design Method of Cultural Derivative Products of Museums from the Perspective of Regional Culture

To perfect innovative design of cultural derivative products of museums,promote the dissemination of museum collection culture,and enhance product connotation and cultural value,based on the research on regional culture,the relationship between regional culture and cultural derivative products of museums is analyzed,and design method of cultural derivative products of museums is summarized.

Estimating Hansen solubility parameters of organic pigments by group contribution methods

The Hansen solubility parameters(HSP)are frequently used for solvent selection and characterization of polymers,and are directly related to the suspension behavior of pigments in solvent mixtures.The performance of currently available group contribution(GC)methods for HSP were evaluated and found to be insufficient for computer-aided product design(CAPD)of paints and coatings.A revised and,for this purpose,improved GC method is presented for estimating HSP of organic compounds,intended for organic pigments.Due to the significant limitations of GC methods,an uncertainty analysis and parameter confidence intervals are provided in order to better quantify the estimation accuracy of the proposed approach.Compared to other applicable GC methods,the prediction error is reduced significantly with average absolute errors of 0.45 MPa^(1/2),1.35 MPa^(1/2),and 1.09 MPa^(1/2) for the partial dispersion(δD),polar(δP)and hydrogen-bonding(δH)solubility parameters respectively for a database of 1106 compounds.The performance for organic pigments is comparable to the overall method performance,with higher average errors forδD and lower average errors forδP andδH.

Kansei Engineering Applied to the Form Design of Injection Molding Machines

This study investigated the relationship between a subject’s evaluation of injection molding machines (IMMs) and formal design features using Kansei engineering. This investigation used 12 word pairs to evaluate the IMM configurations and employed the semantic differential method to explore the perception of 60 interviewees of 12 examples. The relationship between product feature design and corresponding words was derived by multiple regression analysis. Factor analysis reveals that the 12 examples can be categorized as two styles—advanced style and succinct style. For the advanced style, an IMM should use a rectangular form for the clamping-unit cover and a full-cover for the injection-unit. For the succinct style, the IMM configuration should use a beveled form for the safety cover and a vertical rectangular form for the clamping-unit cover. Quantitative data and suggested guidelines for the relationship between design features and interviewee evaluations are useful to product designers when formulating design strategies.

Evaluation of Lean Product Development Stages of Autonomous Vehicle Technologies with AHP Method

The potential innovation and emerging workforce created by autonomous vehicle technologies, which have just entered the lean product development disciplines, play an important role in the development or change of the automotive manufacturing industry. Therefore, the intensity of work and the innovation practices brought by the technologies in question at each step of very different and interdisciplinary studies deeply affect the new and lean product development steps. Comparatively measuring the operating weight of new autonomous vehicle technologies in different company structures in these lean product development steps has important consequences for the development and change of the automotive industry under heavy global competition. On the other hand, it is difficult to measure the innovation input or the use of new autonomous technology under the AHP mathematical model of each part that constitutes the whole of the lean product development process, but it also creates the future predictions of the sector. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is one of the multi-purpose decision-making methods, was used to determine the most intense value creation, the design and development phase where there is innovation input, or the lean product development discipline throughout the whole process. The AHP method was preferred for the comparative analysis and synthesis of different applications or similar approaches in the automotive manufacturing industry companies (global and local) and lean product development processes in the field study of the research, under qualitative data. Under the AHP mathematical model created in the research, it was aimed to measure interdisciplinary clusters with a focus on new technology and to identify similarities or differences under alternative applications created by different company structures and to compare them systematically and evaluate them mathematically. In the study, the AHP mathematical model was used to compare lean product development processes and the use of new autonomous vehicle technologies, and the Expert Choice program was preferred in the application of the method.

A Robust Design Method in Product Quality Applications

In order to express information on the quality grade of product designed, thetarget value of product quality design was described with a fuzzy number in this paper. Analternative to Taguchi's, the robustness application design method has been recently presented.However, neither Taguchi's method nor the alternative method is capable of dealing satisfactorilywith the frequently encountered situations in which all the noise variables cannot be studiedsimultaneously. Based on the ideas from response surface modeling, linear models theory, and randomeffects models, we provide a method for estimation in the robustness application design method inproduct quality applications. With this new method used, the high-quality ratio of the productdesigned could be increased, and the ability to resist the influence of various disturbing factorsand noise factors could be enhanced.

Accelerating Factor Xa inhibitor discovery with a de novo drug design pipeline

Small-molecule drugs are essential for maintaining human health. The objective of this study is to identify a molecule that can inhibit the Factor Xa protein and be easily procured. An optimization-based de novo drug design framework, Drug CAMD, that integrates a deep learning model with a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is used for designing drug candidates. Within this framework, a virtual chemical library is specifically tailored to inhibit Factor Xa. To further filter and narrow down the lead compounds from the designed compounds, comprehensive approaches involving molecular docking,binding pose metadynamics(BPMD), binding free energy calculations, and enzyme activity inhibition analysis are utilized. To maximize efficiency in terms of time and resources, molecules for in vitro activity testing are initially selected from commercially available portions of customized virtual chemical libraries. In vitro studies assessing inhibitor activities have confirmed that the compound EN300-331859shows potential Factor Xa inhibition, with an IC_(50)value of 34.57 μmol·L^(-1). Through in silico molecular docking and BPMD, the most plausible binding pose for the EN300-331859-Factor Xa complex are identified. The estimated binding free energy values correlate well with the results obtained from biological assays. Consequently, EN300-331859 is identified as a novel and effective sub-micromolar inhibitor of Factor Xa.

Design-Expert7.0在设计C60高抛钢管自密实混凝土中的应用研究

利用Design-Expert7.0软件对C60高抛钢管自密实混凝土进行配合比优化设计,并对试验结果进行模型拟合。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X衍射分析(XRD)、超声波法、钻芯法及现场模拟浇筑实验,研究了硬化钢管自密实混凝土性能。结果表明,通过Design-Expert7.0优化设计获得的C60钢管自密实混凝土拌合物工作性能较好,水化产物以球状颗粒的Ⅲ型C-S-H凝胶为主。优化设计有效减少了混凝土的收缩,避免了混凝土与钢管内壁粘结性能不良,完全满足工程应用要求。

基于DEMATEL/GQFD/FBS的智能婴儿床设计研究

为促进国内智能婴儿床的发展,解决现有智能育婴类产品功能杂糅、实用性不强、企业难以决策等问题,提出一种基于DEMATEL/GQFD/FBS的智能婴儿床创新设计方法。运用决策实验室分析法(DEMATEL)识别与分析多元化需求间存在的因果关系与相互影响关系,确定用户需求中的关键点。同时,通过GQFD将智能婴儿床的关键用户需求转化为具体的功能性需求,并确定对应的关键设计要素及其重要度。最后,通过FBS模型的“功能-行为-结构”映射,求解设计要素的结构形式,并输出设计方案,完成SUS测试。结果表明:按照该流程对智能婴儿床进行产品方案输出具有可行性。集成DEMATEL/GQFD/FBS的创新设计流程,能够为决策者提供更为高效与客观的产品需求排序以及结构求解过程,为智能育婴类相关产品的设计提供了新思路。

衍生设计法在榫卯结构产品设计中的应用研究

本文深入探讨了榫卯结构产品的设计现状以及设计方法,提出将衍生设计法引入榫卯结构产品设计的新想法,并介绍了衍生设计法的使用步骤。衍生设计法作为一种现代设计手段不仅能为传统榫卯结构产品设计注入新的活力,而且为现代榫卯结构产品提供了更为丰富和多样化的设计解决方案。

产品设计中的创新思维与方法

本文重点探讨了产品设计中的创新思维与方法,首先强调创新在满足用户需求和推动市场竞争中的重要性;其次分析了用户中心设计、开放性思维和跨界整合作为产品设计创新的核心要素;最后详细介绍了具体的创新思维方法,包括头脑风暴、逆向思维、原型设计和用户反馈与迭代,提供了实施步骤和实际案例,展示这些方法的有效性。另外还介绍了两种创新思维工具,包括思维导图和用户旅程图。持续实践创新思维具有重要价值,从而为设计团队在复杂市场环境中创造成功的产品提供指导。

基于GAMS软件的冷冻干燥多目标优化方法

提出了一种求解冻干技术多目标优化问题的有效方法,以升华时间、生产效率和能耗三个因素分别作为目标函数,建立了多目标数学模型。其中将搁板温度、前箱压力、干层厚度和每批小瓶数作为设计变量,利用GAMS软件求解多目标优化问题。通过Pareto分析,改进了加权求和法,提供了最优设计空间方案的选择,在冻干工艺操作阶段之前进行设计,实现缩短升华时间、提高生产效率、节约能耗等多目标优化。

A Study for the Environmental Design Supporting an Intellectual Activity

Japan is facing a demographic challenge of a falling birthrate coupled with an aging society that is already adversely affecting the economy. The situation is only expected to worsen as the working-age population continues to decrease. Well aware of this situation, businesses and offices are seeking ways to enhance the intellectual productivity of their workers. This paper explores environmental elements of work spaces that might stimulate intellectual activity. Using a CAD （AutoCAD） miniature garden program, subjects were asked to design a project room that is optimized for creative work using a certain number of elements--11 types of walls, 14 types of floors, 4 types of scenery, 3 types of furniture and 3 types of plantings--but the subjects were free to position and arrange these elements any way they want. The subjects were then interviewed using the evaluation grid method. Based on the results, we created an evaluation structure diagram by analyzing key words and phrases emphasized by subjects in the interviews. The overall evaluation structure represents a summary overview of all 30 subjects who participated in the experiment. This approach captures all the key elements of the office environment that might be used to stimulate intellectual activity of employees.

智能产品用户体验设计评价研究现状与进展

为了完整、系统地总结与讨论当前针对智能产品的用户体验设计评价相关研究,推动相关理论或实践研究的形成与发展,从指标、流程和方法等方面对现有研究进行总结。构建了包含本体评价层、行为评价层和价值评价层的智能产品用户体验设计评价层次模型;基于扎根理论和文献计量学方法,提出智能产品用户体验评价指标库;明确了关键技术并提出未来的研究热点和发展趋势。未来的智能产品用户体验设计评价在场景融合、多元化评价方法、信息安全、伦理尺度、参与方式和长期用户体验方面具有发展空间,为相关领域的研究和工作提供参考或帮助。

少数民族文旅产品的隐喻设计模式研究

目的 文化旅游产品以文化为基础,以旅游产业为载体,其设计经常使用隐喻的手法。将对比模型与结构映射模式相结合,建构一个以特征为思考单位,以关系为基础,以相似性为依据的思考架构;通过相似性判断、特征提取模式和特征组合脉络图等方式,建立一个适用于少数民族文旅产品的设计模式。方法 模式以少数民族文化为来源物、旅游纪念品为目标物进行设计实践,利用关系相似为架构,分解整合特征的相关元素,使其转化为一种具有隐喻性和创新性的设计方案。结果 通过相似性比较,将抽象的文化概念与具象的文化器物结合,运用提取、融合、转化等方式对隐喻目标和隐喻来源进行界定,从而开发出造型独特、功能创新且具有特定文化内涵的文旅产品,为少数民族文旅产品的设计与创造提供了思路。

基于地域文化的公共图书馆文创产品设计研究

针对当下公共图书馆文创产品发展中出现的对外特色不明、对内文化单一问题,研究其如何对外加深文化印象、对内丰富文化内涵,打造特色产品,从而推进文化传承。采用实地调研法、文献研究法和问卷调查法,考察公共图书馆文创产品实际情况、归纳公共图书馆文创产品研究文献内容和收集分析消费者对公共图书馆文创产品需求资料。提出“产品旅游化”“创意时代化”“内涵延伸化”3种设计方法。这3种设计方法可为地域文化的公共图书馆文创产品设计提供参考。

基于层次分析法的崂山旅游文创设计

基于层次分析法,建立一种旅游文创产品设计流程,并将崂山旅游文化融入文创产品的设计中,发挥崂山当地文化特色,深入挖掘崂山旅游文化内涵,为旅游文创产品设计提供多元化设计思路。首先,从线上线下两方面调研崂山旅游文化,构建文化筛选评价模型并以此为参考,筛选合适的崂山旅游文化要素,然后将筛选出的文化要素用因子提取的方法进行图案提炼,并将其运用到文创产品的设计中,最后,运用模糊综合评价法对设计出的方案进行评价。建立旅游文创设计流程,完成崂山旅游文创产品设计。在崂山旅游文创产品设计中,通过运用AHP层次分析法,初步构建满足旅游文创开发的设计需要;能够更加客观完善地选取崂山道教旅游文化元素,结合当地文旅特色完成文创产品的创作,力求传播当地文化特色,是文旅产品设计的新思路。

可持续理念下服装设计及工艺研究

服装产业的可持续发展是传统服装产业转型的必然趋势,可持续服装设计是服装产业解决人与社会、环境发展问题的有效手段。通过文献研究、调查、个案分析等方法梳理近年来国内外可持续服装设计及生产案例,借助案例,总结出实施可持续服装设计的3种途径,即服装原材料可持续、服装设计方法可持续、服装生产加工过程可持续。基于研究,分析可持续服装未来发展趋势,即逐渐成为人们的生活理念、与科技紧密联合、跨界化、系统化,为可持续服装设计的研究和创新提供参考。

社会创新视野下的产品设计课程革新与实践

产品设计课程成果的落地情况始终是衡量课程质量的重要标准,融合了国内外社会创新设计的研究进展,将具有现实价值和实效性的课题引入课程,以推动产品设计课程革新,并将基础知识及前沿技能孵化并运用。这一思路与设计教育探讨的“产-教-研”模式相吻合,围绕社会设计课题展开课程实践的创新与探索,可以有效促进人才培养与社会供求之间的契合度。此外,在课程实践中不断总结社会创新设计的方法和经验,从历史的延续和未来的展望多维度地改革教学定位,这将为学生创新设计与企业项目深度融合提供机遇。