Towards Production and Energy Coupling System Modeling and Simulation for Energy Optimization in the Process Industry

The production and energy coupling system is used to mainly present energy flow, material flow, information flow, and their coupling interaction. Through the modeling and simulation of this system, the performance of energy flow can be analyzed and optimized in the process industry. In order to study this system, the component based hybrid Petri net methodology (CpnHPN) is proposed, synthesizing a number of extended Petri net methods and using the concept of energy place, material place, and information place. Through the interface place in CpnHPN, the component based encapsulation is established, which enables the production and energy coupling system to be built, analyzed, and optimized on the multi-level framework. Considering the block and brief simulation for hybrid system, the CpnHPN model is simulated with Simulink/Stateflow. To illustrate the use of the proposed methodology, the application of CpnHPN in the energy optimization of chlorine balance system is provided.

Competitiveness Analysis of Processing Industry Cluster of Livestock Products in Inner Mongolia Based on "Diamond Model"

Using Michael Porter's "diamond model", based on regional development characteristics, we conduct analysis of the competitiveness of processing industry cluster of livestock products in Inner Mongolia from six aspects (the factor conditions, demand conditions, corporate strategy, structure and competition, related and supporting industries, government and opportunities). And we put forward the following rational recommendations for improving the competitiveness of processing industry cluster of livestock products in Inner Mongolia: (i) The government should increase capital input, focus on supporting processing industry of livestock products, and give play to the guidance and aggregation effect of financial funds; (ii) In terms of enterprises, it is necessary to vigorously develop leading enterprises, to give full play to the cluster effect of the leading enterprises.

应用PIMS模型优化蜡油加工方案

介绍了中国石化股份有限公司广州分公司运用PIMS模型优化蜡油加工方案的情况及效果。对影子价格的分析结果表明,在高油价下,增加外购蜡油及加氢裂化尾油的出厂量,可以提高整体加工效益。通过对不同案例的对比分析发现,蜡油催化裂化、加氢裂化和加氢处理的负荷变化存在联动关系,采用PIMS模型可以较为准确地计算出各个蜡油加工装置的原料分配比例,实现优化加工方案的目标。

PIMS模型在生产优化中的应用

流程工业模型系统(PIMS)操作简单、功能强大,可以模拟流程工业企业的生产经营过程,发现加工流程中的瓶颈,为企业的生产经营提供决策依据。2009年中国石化青岛石油化工有限责任公司进行了扩能和技术改造,为了解决技术改造后生产中遇到的问题,利用PIMS模型对石脑油、重油外购以及催化油浆不同流向的加工方案进行了测算。通过对比经济效益、装置负荷、可比综合商品率等指标,筛选出了优化的生产方案。

Semi-solid processing of aluminum and magnesium alloys:Status,opportunity,and challenge in China

Owing to its low cost,short process and low energy consumption,semi-solid processing(SSP)of aluminum(Al)and magnesium(Mg)alloys has been considered as a competitive approach to fabricate complicated components with excellent performance.Over the past decade,significant progress has been achieved in deeply understanding the SSP process,the microstructure and performance of the fabricated components in China.This paper starts with a retrospective overview of some common slurry preparation methods,followed by presenting the performance and the underlying mechanisms of SSP fabricated alloys.Then,the mainstream opinions on the microstructure evolution and rheological flow behavior of semi-solid slurry are discussed.Subsequently,the general situation and some recent examples of industrial applications of SSP are presented.Finally,special attention is paid to the unresolved issues and the future directions in SSP of Al and Mg alloys in China.

PIMS模型在炼油企业优化增效中的应用

流程工业模型系统(PIMS)操作简单、功能强大,可以模拟流程工业企业的生产经营过程,广泛用于世界各地的炼油和石化企业。炼油企业结合自身装置特点,开发企业级PIMS模型,能方便快捷地寻找到可操作性强的生产方案,在加工负荷优化、原油选择优化、产品结构优化等方面为生产经营提供决策依据,帮助企业优化增效。结合当前国内市场对成品油需求的持续低迷、炼油产能相对过剩和产品质量指标日益提升的需求,借助企业级PIMS模型,为炼厂优化加工负荷、优选原油品种、优化产品结构、改善经营局面、提升经济效益提供参考依据。中国石化R炼厂通过PIMS优化测算认为:提高炼厂原油加工负荷有利于增效;高酸重质原油性价比最优,适合装置加工,具有一定竞争力;适当增产燃料油(催化柴油)有利于提高加工量,同时增加企业经济效益。

Generic reconstruction technology based on RST for multivariate time series of complex process industries

In order to effectively analyse the multivariate time series data of complex process,a generic reconstruction technology based on reduction theory of rough sets was proposed,Firstly,the phase space of multivariate time series was originally reconstructed by a classical reconstruction technology.Then,the original decision-table of rough set theory was set up according to the embedding dimensions and time-delays of the original reconstruction phase space,and the rough set reduction was used to delete the redundant dimensions and irrelevant variables and to reconstruct the generic phase space,Finally,the input vectors for the prediction of multivariate time series were extracted according to generic reconstruction results to identify the parameters of prediction model.Verification results show that the developed reconstruction method leads to better generalization ability for the prediction model and it is feasible and worthwhile for application.

利用Petro-SIM软件生成PIMS模型原油ASSAY表

介绍了利用KBC Petro-SIM炼厂模拟软件常减压塔模型LPU(线性规划工具)工具生成PIMS模型原油ASSAY表及悬摆物流数据的方法,对该方法存在的收敛、切割点偏移及效率问题进行了论述;为了解决这些问题,在常减压校核数据基础上通过分配系数计算直接创建原油切割组分分离器模型代替塔模型,并从基础物流中根据计算分配系数创建组分分离器分离出悬摆物流使悬摆实体化,然后利用LPU工具可以成功、准确、高效地生成原油ASSAY表,为原油经济评价及生产优化提供了数据支撑。

Towards a Model-Driven IEC 61131-Based Development Process in Industrial Automation

The IEC 61131-3 standard defines a model and a set of programming languages for the development of industrial automation software. It is widely accepted by industry and most of the commercial tool vendors advertise compliance with it. On the other side, Model Driven Development (MDD) has been proved as a quite successful paradigm in general-purpose computing. This was the motivation for exploiting the benefits of MDD in the industrial automation domain. With the emerging IEC 61131 specification that defines an object-oriented (OO) extension to the function block model, there will be a push to the industry to better exploit the benefits of MDD in automation systems development. This work discusses possible alternatives to integrate the current but also the emerging specification of IEC 61131 in the model driven development process of automation systems. IEC 61499, UML and SysML are considered as possible alternatives to allow the developer to work in higher layers of abstraction than the one supported by IEC 61131 and to more effectively move from requirement specifications into the implementation model of the system.

Aspen PIMS在天津分公司的应用

介绍了加工工业模型化系统(PIMS)的数学原理,阐述了中国石油化工股份有限公司天津分公司Aspen PIMS模型的特点和主要结构,并利用2003年1季度计划的实例说明该系统的使用方法,总结出其中存在的问题。

Augmented Industrial Data-Driven Modeling Under the Curse of Dimensionality

The curse of dimensionality refers to the problem o increased sparsity and computational complexity when dealing with high-dimensional data.In recent years,the types and vari ables of industrial data have increased significantly,making data driven models more challenging to develop.To address this prob lem,data augmentation technology has been introduced as an effective tool to solve the sparsity problem of high-dimensiona industrial data.This paper systematically explores and discusses the necessity,feasibility,and effectiveness of augmented indus trial data-driven modeling in the context of the curse of dimen sionality and virtual big data.Then,the process of data augmen tation modeling is analyzed,and the concept of data boosting augmentation is proposed.The data boosting augmentation involves designing the reliability weight and actual-virtual weigh functions,and developing a double weighted partial least squares model to optimize the three stages of data generation,data fusion and modeling.This approach significantly improves the inter pretability,effectiveness,and practicality of data augmentation in the industrial modeling.Finally,the proposed method is verified using practical examples of fault diagnosis systems and virtua measurement systems in the industry.The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in improving the accu racy and robustness of data-driven models,making them more suitable for real-world industrial applications.

Combining a Safety Management Process with a Safety Framework

A safety document management system, known as a Permit for Work (PFW) system is used commonly in the Power Industry to provide appropriate safety conditions for those working on the generating system. This paper investigates how a safety management process (+PFW) can be combined with a safety framework to enhance system effectiveness to ensure the requirements of users and suppliers can be met. While the paper makes some reference to the power industry, the concept is applicable to the management of systems in other domains.

PIMS模型在炼厂总流程优化中的应用

以国内某炼厂为研究对象,该炼厂面临装置改扩建、新建、产品结构调整等问题。根据炼厂设计数据和实际经营数据,采用Aspen Tech公司的过程工业模型系统(PIMS)软件建立了全厂总流程模型,对改扩建后的总流程进行模拟测算,提出了总流程优化方案;对溶剂脱沥青装置进行开停工测算,提出在保证加氢裂化原料满负荷的情况下,溶剂脱沥青装置开工与否与所选择的原油性质和价格体系密切相关,需经常测算寻找其对全厂效益影响的拐点;同时进行原油性价比测算,提出了加工原油重质化的优化结构,对同类型炼厂总流程优化具有较好的借鉴意义。

利用PIMS软件优化炼油厂总加工流程

利用PIMS软件对某新建炼油厂总加工流程进行了模拟优化。该厂总加工流程采用渣油加氢脱硫(ARDS)+重油催化裂化(RFCC)+加氢裂化(HCU)的加工路线,根据ARDS,RFCC和HCU装置进料组合以及HCU工艺的不同,设计了3个方案并进行了对比。对比结果表明:方案1具有综合商品率、净现值和内部收益率较高,投资低的优势。

On Numerical Modelling of Industrial Powder Compaction Processes for Large Deformation of Endochronic Plasticity at Finite Strains

Compaction processes are one the most important par ts of powder forming technology. The main applications are focused on pieces for a utomotive, aeronautic, electric and electronic industries. The main goals of the compaction processes are to obtain a compact with the geometrical requirements, without cracks, and with a uniform distribution of density. Design of such proc esses consist, essentially, in determine the sequence and relative displacements of die and punches in order to achieve such goals. A.B. Khoei presented a gener al framework for the finite element simulation of powder forming processes based on the following aspects; a large displacement formulation, centred on a total and updated Lagrangian formulation; an adaptive finite element strategy based on error estimates and automatic remeshing techniques; a cap model based on a hard ening rule in modelling of the highly non-linear behaviour of material; and the use of an efficient contact algorithm in the context of an interface element fo rmulation. In these references, the non-linear behaviour of powder was adequately desc ribed by the cap plasticity model. However, it suffers from a serious deficiency when the stress-point reaches a yield surface. In the flow theory of plasticit y, the transition from an elastic state to an elasto-plastic state appears more or less abruptly. For powder material it is very difficult to define the locati on of yield surface, because there is no distinct transition from elastic to ela stic-plastic behaviour. Results of experimental test on some hard met al powder show that the plastic effects were begun immediately upon loading. In such mater ials the domain of the yield surface would collapse to a point, so making the di rection of plastic increment indeterminate, because all directions are normal to a point. Thus, the classical plasticity theory cannot deal with such materials and an advanced constitutive theory is necessary. In the present paper, the constitutive equations of powder materials will be discussed via an endochronic theory of plasticity. This theory provides a unifi ed point of view to describe the elastic-plastic behaviour of material since it places no requirement for a yield surface and a ’loading function’ to disting uish between loading an unloading. Endochronic theory of plasticity has been app lied to a number of metallic materials, concrete and sand, but to the knowledge of authors, no numerical scheme of the model has been applied to powder material . In the present paper, a new approach is developed based on an endochronic rate independent, density-dependent plasticity model for describing the isothermal deformation behavior of metal powder at low homologous temperature. Although the concept of yield surface has not been explicitly assumed in endochronic theory, it is shown that the cone-cap plasticity yield surface (Fig.1), which is the m ost commonly used plasticity models for describing the behavior of powder materi al can be easily derived as a special case of the proposed endochronic theory. Fig.1 Trace of cone-cap yield function on the meridian pl ane for different relative density As large deformation is observed in powder compaction process, a hypoelastic-pl astic formulation is developed in the context of finite deformation plasticity. Constitutive equations are stated in unrotated frame of reference that greatly s implifies endochronic constitutive relation in finite plasticity. Constitutive e quations of the endochronic theory and their numerical integration are establish ed and procedures for determining material parameters of the model are demonstra ted. Finally, the numerical schemes are examined for efficiency in the model ling of a tip shaped component, as shown in Fig.2. Fig.2 A shaped tip component. a) Geometry, boundary conditio n and finite element mesh; b) density distribution at final stage of

产业共性技术跨组织合作研发激励模型研究

本文研究了一个由高校院所进行基础研究和制造企业负责后续商业开发的共性技术跨组织合作研发激励模型及其选择问题。本文将政府支持与合同激励放在同一框架,运用博弈论方法为制造企业设计产出导向单一激励模型、产出导向+过程监控激励模型及“政府支持+”综合激励模型以激发高校院所基础研究的积极性,同时解析了激励模型选择、影响因素及机理。研究表明:“政府支持+”综合激励模型是三种激励模型中的占优模型、产出导向+过程监控激励模型优于产出导向单一激励模型;双方收益分享系数具有促进和抑制高校院所认真履责行为的双重作用,且对其机会主义行为具有抑制作用,对制造企业后续商业开发行为及预期收益有“倒U型”影响;高校院所基础研究的影响系数在双方收益分享系数对制造企业后续商业开发努力的影响中发挥调节作用;政府补贴对高校院所和制造企业的合作研发行为具有明显的正向激励作用;惩罚系数可有效抑制高校院所的机会主义行为。

预训练大语言模型发展对中国数字创意产业的启示

预训练大语言模型与数字创意产业的结合,一方面可以促进预训练大语言模型技术研发和应用,推动自然语言处理相关产业发展,另一方面也可以为数字创意产业提供更高效、精准的解决方案,促进产业数字化转型升级。然而,目前中国预训练大语言模型在数字创意产业的运用主要侧重于文本识别生成和语音生成等领域。为此,通过阐述预训练大语言模型以及中国数字创意产业的发展现状,梳理预训练大语言模型在数字创意产业的应用范畴和商业布局,综合分析作为新质生产力引擎的预训练大语言模型在中国数字创意产业发展中的机遇与挑战,并为中国数字创意产业的发展提出建议。研究发现:融合发展是中国数字创意产业的重要趋势,网络文学、动漫游戏、短视频等细分产业开始发展出完整的产业链条;预训练大语言模型可提升数字创意产业的内容生成效率、丰富艺术创意、拓展数字娱乐形式,也可以加强社交媒体分析监测、提高跨语言应用的效率、辅助科研教育,带来提升数字创意产业的智能化水平、增强用户黏性、数字创意生产者身份多元化等机遇,但同时也面临数据成本、隐私安全、知识产权等问题。提出未来在预训练大语言模型应用于数字创意产业的发展中,重视构建相关监管评估框架和知识产权保护体系,提升多模态技术水平,强化智能算力体系建设,以推动数字创意产业的智能化发展。

基于二阶价值梯度模型强化学习的工业过程控制方法

为了实现对高延时、非线性和强耦合的复杂工业过程稳定准确的连续控制,提出了一种基于二阶价值梯度模型强化学习的控制方法。首先,该方法在模型训练过程中加入了状态价值函数的二阶梯度信息,具备更精确的函数逼近能力和更高的鲁棒性,学习迭代效率更高;其次,通过采用新的状态采样策略,可以更高效地利用模型进行策略学习。最后,通过在OpenAI的Gym公共实验环境和两个工业场景的仿真环境的实验表明:基于二阶价值梯度模型对比传统的基于最大似然估计模型,环境模型预测误差显著降低;基于二阶价值梯度模型的强化学习方法学习效率优于现有的基于模型的策略优化方法,具备更好的控制性能,并减小了控制过程中的振荡现象。可见该方法能有效地提升训练效率,同时提高工业过程控制的稳定性和准确性。

经济欠发达地区物流产业集群发展模式研究——以甘肃省为例

物流产业集群发展可以降低物流成本,提高物流效率,推动物流业高质量发展。但是物流产业集群需要一定的条件,也有不同的模式。文章在总结了四种常见的物流产业集群模式的概念和特点后,对经济欠发达地区的物流产业集群困境做出了阐述,最后以甘肃省为例,分析了甘肃省物流产业集群的条件,并应用层次分析法(AHP)对甘肃省物流产业集群的模式做出了分析,得出了甘肃省在前期应该采用“区位导向型+政府主导型”为主物流产业集群模式,在后期应该采用“区位导向型+产业依附型”为主的物流产业集群模式的结论,这对经济欠发达地区的物流产业集群发展有一定的借鉴价值。