欧盟是我国植物源农产品出口的重要目标市场,也是全球食品安全管理最严苛的地区之一。近年来,欧盟连续撤销多种农药的登记授权,并将相关农药残留限量(MRLs)降低至定量限(LOQ)水平,对农产品的国际贸易产生了重要影响。世界贸易组织(WTO)...欧盟是我国植物源农产品出口的重要目标市场,也是全球食品安全管理最严苛的地区之一。近年来,欧盟连续撤销多种农药的登记授权,并将相关农药残留限量(MRLs)降低至定量限(LOQ)水平,对农产品的国际贸易产生了重要影响。世界贸易组织(WTO)成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的关注度也越来越高。本文收集整理了1995年至2022年间WTO成员提出的与欧盟农药残留管控相关的“卫生与植物卫生措施特别贸易关注(specific trade concerns on sanitary and phytosanitary measures,SPS STCs)”议题,系统梳理了WTO成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的关注情况,包括关注议题数量、提出关注议题的成员、涉及的管控措施类型、产品种类及解决情况,总结分析了WTO成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的主要关注点,并尝试提出了相应的应对思考建议。展开更多
Based on random left truncated and right censored data we investigate the one-term Edgeworth expansion for the Studentized product-limit estimator, and show that the Edgeworth expansion is close to the exact distribut...Based on random left truncated and right censored data we investigate the one-term Edgeworth expansion for the Studentized product-limit estimator, and show that the Edgeworth expansion is close to the exact distribution of the Studentized product-limit estimator with a remainder of On(su-1/2).展开更多
Let X<sub>1</sub>,X<sub>2</sub>,…, Y<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>,…, T<sub>1</sub>,T<sub>2</sub>,…be independent random variables such thatX<s...Let X<sub>1</sub>,X<sub>2</sub>,…, Y<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>,…, T<sub>1</sub>,T<sub>2</sub>,…be independent random variables such thatX<sub>i</sub> are real-valued and have a common continuous distribution function F. Y<sub>i</sub> are extendedreal-valued and have a common distribution G and T<sub>i</sub> are extended real-valued and have acommon distribution funtion D. The nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator of Fbased on X<sub>1</sub>,…, X<sub>n</sub> is the empirical distribution function F<sub>n</sub>.展开更多
文摘欧盟是我国植物源农产品出口的重要目标市场,也是全球食品安全管理最严苛的地区之一。近年来,欧盟连续撤销多种农药的登记授权,并将相关农药残留限量(MRLs)降低至定量限(LOQ)水平,对农产品的国际贸易产生了重要影响。世界贸易组织(WTO)成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的关注度也越来越高。本文收集整理了1995年至2022年间WTO成员提出的与欧盟农药残留管控相关的“卫生与植物卫生措施特别贸易关注(specific trade concerns on sanitary and phytosanitary measures,SPS STCs)”议题,系统梳理了WTO成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的关注情况,包括关注议题数量、提出关注议题的成员、涉及的管控措施类型、产品种类及解决情况,总结分析了WTO成员对欧盟农药残留管控措施的主要关注点,并尝试提出了相应的应对思考建议。
文摘Based on random left truncated and right censored data we investigate the one-term Edgeworth expansion for the Studentized product-limit estimator, and show that the Edgeworth expansion is close to the exact distribution of the Studentized product-limit estimator with a remainder of On(su-1/2).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Let X<sub>1</sub>,X<sub>2</sub>,…, Y<sub>1</sub>,Y<sub>2</sub>,…, T<sub>1</sub>,T<sub>2</sub>,…be independent random variables such thatX<sub>i</sub> are real-valued and have a common continuous distribution function F. Y<sub>i</sub> are extendedreal-valued and have a common distribution G and T<sub>i</sub> are extended real-valued and have acommon distribution funtion D. The nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator of Fbased on X<sub>1</sub>,…, X<sub>n</sub> is the empirical distribution function F<sub>n</sub>.