To promote sustainability, it has become increasingly vital to properly account material and energy flows in industrial production processes. Therefore, a generic process-level input-output (IO) model was developed ...To promote sustainability, it has become increasingly vital to properly account material and energy flows in industrial production processes. Therefore, a generic process-level input-output (IO) model was developed to provide an integrated energy (material) accounting and analysis approach for industrial production processes. By extending the existing processlevel IO models, the production, usage, export and loss of by-products were explicitly considered in the proposed IO model. Moreover, the by-products allocation procedures were incorporated into the proposed IO model to reflect individual contributions of products to energy consumption. Finally, the proposed model enabled calculating embodied energy of main products and total energy consumption under hierarchical accounting scope. Plant managers, energy management consultants, governmental officials and academic researchers could use this input-output model to account material and energy flows, thus calculating energy consumption indicators of a production process with their specific system boundary requirements. The accounting results could be further used for energy labeling, identifying bottlenecks of production activities, evaluating industrial symbiosis effects, improving materials and energy utilization efficiency, etc. The model could also be used as a planning tool to determine the effect that a particular change of technology and supply chains may have on the industrial production processes. The proposed model was tested and applied in a real integrated steel mill, which also provided the reference results for related researches. At last, some concepts, computational issues and limi- tations of the proposed model were discussed.展开更多
The change and control of nitrogen content in molten steel was investigated through the production process of "LDBAr-LF-RH-CC". Results show that nitrogen content reduces gradually in converter-steelmaking s...The change and control of nitrogen content in molten steel was investigated through the production process of "LDBAr-LF-RH-CC". Results show that nitrogen content reduces gradually in converter-steelmaking stage, rises rapidly from the end of converter process to the end of argon station process, continues to increase in ladle furnace process, and decreases slightly in RH refining stage. Since nitrogen is removed mainly by BOF steelmaking and vacuum refining operations, nitrogen in molten steel should be removed as much as possible in these two operations. However, nitrogen uptake should be minimized in other operations of molten steel production process.展开更多
Production planning under flexible job shop environment is studied.A mathematic model is formulated to help improve alternative process production.This model,in which genetic algorithm is used,is expected to result in...Production planning under flexible job shop environment is studied.A mathematic model is formulated to help improve alternative process production.This model,in which genetic algorithm is used,is expected to result in better production planning,hence towards the aim of minimizing production cost under the constraints of delivery time and other scheduling conditions.By means of this algorithm,all planning schemes which could meet all requirements of the constraints within the whole solution space are exhaustively searched so as to find the optimal one.Also,a case study is given in the end to support and validate this model.Our results show that genetic algorithm is capable of locating feasible process routes to reduce production cost for certain tasks.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to discuss he produce and elimination rules of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games. [Method] Based on the analysis of particulate matter online observation data and meteorologi...[Objective] The aim was to discuss he produce and elimination rules of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games. [Method] Based on the analysis of particulate matter online observation data and meteorological data during the corresponding period in Chinese environmental science college, Hysplit Back trace model and Numerical weather prediction graphs, and combined with the different analytical methods on meteorological flow fields, a typical process of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games was studied. [Result] The results indicated that during the ascent stage of PM2.5 concentration, the PM showed gradually aging phenomena; the process controlled by large scale synoptic system mainly. And the weak wind and the high humidity were not in favor of dispersion; the prolonged southerly air mass to bring the pollutant of Hebei, Taijin and Shandong to Beijing; mixing height and temperature curve took the importance role to the pollution. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the discussion on factors influencing the production and elimination of particles in the air pollution process.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate and evaluate the quality safety of tea production in China.[Methods]With the production of famous and high-quality green tea in the western Sichuan tea areas as the ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate and evaluate the quality safety of tea production in China.[Methods]With the production of famous and high-quality green tea in the western Sichuan tea areas as the investigation object,the practice survey and comprehensive evaluation analysis method were adopted to conduct research on tea production quality safety management and control,and a comprehensive evaluation was carried out in combination with the survey.[Results]Statistical analysis and scoring were carried out according to relevant indices,and the current situation of tea production quality safety was comprehensively evaluated.Four hazards were found,including pesticide residues,heavy metal residues,harmful microorganisms and non-tea impurities,and improvement measures were proposed.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical reference for improving the quality safety of tea production in China.展开更多
Background:The simplest and most convenient food technology is the using of dry composite mixtures.They have a lot of advantages.Dry composite mixtures,which would completely be the basis for the production of persona...Background:The simplest and most convenient food technology is the using of dry composite mixtures.They have a lot of advantages.Dry composite mixtures,which would completely be the basis for the production of personalized food concentrates,are not represented.The development of such dry composite mixtures is actual and of scientific and practical interest.The purpose of this research is the selection and justification of local import-substituting raw materials components for dry composite mixtures used as the basis for the production of food concentrates.As the objects of research,the raw materials components of the starch,fruit and vegetable,industry were selected.The work uses currently accepted standard research methods for organoleptic and physic-chemical parameters of raw materials components.The research was carried out within of the project“Theoretical Substantiation of Production Technology and the Development of Import-Substituting Food Products of Functional Purpose Based on Dry Composite Mixtures”,funded by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Basic Research.Based on the researches,it was found out that in the composition of dry composite mixtures for the production of food concentrates it is expedient to use the following raw materials:potato starch,extruded corn starch,dried carrots,dried beets,dried topinambur and dried apples in chopped form.展开更多
In this paper,we consider a production machine which may fail and it is necessary to repair the machine after each failure and there are two statuses for each repair;in one case,we should replace the machine because o...In this paper,we consider a production machine which may fail and it is necessary to repair the machine after each failure and there are two statuses for each repair;in one case,we should replace the machine because of catastrophic failure and in the other case,only small repairs are needed.Times between failures and repair and replace times are random and demands are satisfied by inventory during repairing and replacing the machine;shortage level is limited.We model described system as a Markov chain and develop an algorithm to compute the expected number of transitions among states.展开更多
On July 16, 2013, the first low-E energy saving glass deep processing line of Hubei Zhongyi Glass Co., Ltd. was put into production in Changyang County of Hubei Province. Low-E glass is a kind of new glass featured wi...On July 16, 2013, the first low-E energy saving glass deep processing line of Hubei Zhongyi Glass Co., Ltd. was put into production in Changyang County of Hubei Province. Low-E glass is a kind of new glass featured with good lighting, thermal insulation, and ultraviolet radiation resistance. So far contracts worth about CNY 50 million have been signed.展开更多
WHILE much of Africa's oil production is exported in its crude form, Uganda is primed to build its own oil refinery. This ambition is set to be realized after the China National Offshore Oil Corp. (CNOOC) struck a ...WHILE much of Africa's oil production is exported in its crude form, Uganda is primed to build its own oil refinery. This ambition is set to be realized after the China National Offshore Oil Corp. (CNOOC) struck a $2-billion licensing deal to develop a vast petroleum field in Uganda. Signed in late September, it was the first oil production license to be issued in Uganda,展开更多
A three dimensional unison product with third derivative of displacement system of differential equations is presented. A projected plasma efavirenz concentration profile of a patient who had been on an orally adminis...A three dimensional unison product with third derivative of displacement system of differential equations is presented. A projected plasma efavirenz concentration profile of a patient who had been on an orally administered 600 mg daily dose of efavirenz is used as a structural aggregate. A three compartmental model of ordinary differential equations is suggested and solved numerically. The model projects descriptors associated with the product of a bounce that is a closed system. The product consists of three independent phases with two variable states, intenseness (concentration) that measures a structural aggregate and an environmental influence which is gravity. The third phase of the product is a processing function (spartial aggregate) which is a free potential. The function, a free potential, is responsible for ordering the product. A dynamical system with an attractive subspace which is an external potential (stable) with a zero eigenvalue is derived. The unison jerk’s Jacobian Matrix has corresponding negative, positive and zero eigenvalues.展开更多
Currently, it has been noticed a strong use of ICTs in several companies. The objective of this study was to analyze and measure the impact of the implementation of ICTs on the strategy and structure of management of ...Currently, it has been noticed a strong use of ICTs in several companies. The objective of this study was to analyze and measure the impact of the implementation of ICTs on the strategy and structure of management of core competence in SMEs in Bukavu, DRC. The scale used shows the good psychometric properties (χ<sup>2</sup> = 75.045;P = 0.16;χ<sup>2</sup>/ddl = 1.471;CFI = 0.92;IFI = 0.92;RMSEA = 0.049;NFI = 0.79;GFI = 0.94;AGFI = 0.91. This study analyzed primary data collected from 195 SMEs in the city of Bukavu. Data processing was achieved using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and flat sorting. The results indicate that the use of ICTs by SME managers in the city of Bukavu has a positive impact on all dimensions of core competence selected in this study. They also reveal that the views of these leaders on the importance attached to the adoption of ICTs were divided and the level of ICT use was above average.展开更多
When harvested the potato has a high moisture content, this could make its transportation and storage difficult. To help solve the transportation difficulties, potato is made into whole flour by many food processing c...When harvested the potato has a high moisture content, this could make its transportation and storage difficult. To help solve the transportation difficulties, potato is made into whole flour by many food processing companies. Potato whole flour has high nutritional value and may be regarded as beneficial to human health and fitness. In addition to the direct use of potato whole flour,it can also be used as added ingredients into other food products. This study summarizes and analyzes the processing technology of potato whole flour and its application in noodle products.展开更多
Some key techniques for the development of web-based product data management (PDM) system are introduced. The four-tiered B/S architecture of a PDM system-BITPDM is introduced first, followed by its design and imple...Some key techniques for the development of web-based product data management (PDM) system are introduced. The four-tiered B/S architecture of a PDM system-BITPDM is introduced first, followed by its design and implementation, including virtual data vault, flexible coding system, document management, product structure and configuration management, workflow/process and product maturity management. BITPDM can facilitate the activities from new product introduction phase to manufacturing, and manage the product data andtheir dynamic changing history. Based on Microsoft. NET, XML, web service and SOAP techniques, BITPDM realizes the integration and efficient management of product information.展开更多
Today the cycle time of the product develop is requ ir ed to be shortened. At the same time the requirement of the customers becomes mo re and more diverse and complex. The capability of the develop unit is limited b ...Today the cycle time of the product develop is requ ir ed to be shortened. At the same time the requirement of the customers becomes mo re and more diverse and complex. The capability of the develop unit is limited b ecause of the existence of heterogeneous systems and distributed environments. I n this paper, we bring forward a new approach to solve the problem in product de velopment process. We also settle part key technologies in it. A great deal of information from all kinds of sources in the distributed develop ment process is interweaved. The solution to organize the workflow and manage th e information in the process is called for anxiously. We use a new approach that is asynchronous and synchronous coupling product development approach based on the network. The approach extends the develop process from the time axis. Then t he activities in the process are organized from the asynchronous and synchronous aspects. The state of every activity projects at the ASN (active semantic netwo rk). The ASN includes decision system, intelligent agent, user interface and net work. The ASN decides the types and states of the activities and deals with the couple relationship among them. The knowledge stored in ASN is open to all users through the relative interfaces. Every specialist keeps contact with their user s relying on collaborative platform implements CSCW (computer support collaborat ive work) that integrated product/process design and development. The lack of gl obal communication in product development process can be prevented in the most d egree. The key technologies that exist in the asynchronous and synchronous coupling pro duct develop approach include: integrated development structure, orderly organiz ation of information, transparent management of process, agile transfer of infor mation and rapid prototype. The development process can be completed quickly by these technologies. The technologies involve wide content. In this paper, we dis cuss some key technologies. We validate the approach by the projectrapid response manufacturing a pplication in the distributed environment. The expensive device, high technology and low using lead to RE (Rapid engineering) and RP (Rapid prototype) service a pplication by the network. RE and RP develop rapidly due to the accelerated prod uct development process. RE and RP application service platform is built in the project.展开更多
Polar microorganism resource development can be accomplished as long as its inherent characteristics,that is,biota quantity,diversity,and low temperature adaptability,as well as market demands and product feasibility,...Polar microorganism resource development can be accomplished as long as its inherent characteristics,that is,biota quantity,diversity,and low temperature adaptability,as well as market demands and product feasibility,are considered.*1 Characteristics of polar microorganisms Most importantly,the quantity and diversity of terrestrial and aquatic microorganisms in the polar regions is abundant(Abakumov and Mukhametova,2014),and species quantity and diversity in eutrophic polar areas can even become comparable to that in temperate climate regions(Hoovera and Pikutab,2010).This large,diverse polar region microbial biomass can become the basis for the development of novel resources.展开更多
Product development process management plays an important role in concurrent engineering (CE). The integration platform is a useful tool for effectively supporting the software development and integration. Based on th...Product development process management plays an important role in concurrent engineering (CE). The integration platform is a useful tool for effectively supporting the software development and integration. Based on the analysis of practical requirements for product development process management for CE, a CORBA-based integration platform of product development process management (IP-PDPM) is designed and developed. The design principles for IP-PDPM are described. The system architecture and functions of the platform are given, the key technologies for the implementation of IP-PDPM are presented, the application integration mechanism and its implementation techniques are also detailed.展开更多
This paper studies the scheduling of design projects in concurrent development process with uncertain number of feedback revisions. An optimization based methodology that combines heuristic algorithm, artificial intel...This paper studies the scheduling of design projects in concurrent development process with uncertain number of feedback revisions. An optimization based methodology that combines heuristic algorithm, artificial intelligence (fuzzy, genetic algorithm) and scheduling theory is developed. In the algorithm, weighting values of some key factors are defined by genetic algorithm. In addition, fuzzy logic is used to decide the ability coefficients of different roles taken by designers. Moreover, the process of pre-release and feedback revision is realized. Simulation example is a fraction of practical development project, and satisfied results are obtained.展开更多
The RR soybean was quantitatively detected by ABI Prism 7300 sequence detector with PCR primers and fluorescence probes were designed according to the sequences of endogenous Lectin gene and exogenous CP4-EPSPS gene, ...The RR soybean was quantitatively detected by ABI Prism 7300 sequence detector with PCR primers and fluorescence probes were designed according to the sequences of endogenous Lectin gene and exogenous CP4-EPSPS gene, and the PCR systems were based on SYBR Green I and TaqMan. The standard curve of ACt between CP4-EPSPS gene and Lectin gene of the RR soybean in standard materials was generated and a linear regression equation was obtained. Quantification methods were optimized through two different real-time PCR chemistries, i.e. SYBR Green I and TaqMan, and the RR soybean contents were quantified in five standard samples and seven highly processed products by the two assays. Both methods are proved to be specific, highly sensitive and reliable for both identification and quantification of soybean DNA. The results indicate that the two optimized PCR system can be used for the practical quantitative detection of RR soybean in highly processed products.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to develop a compound tea beverage with local characteristics.[Methods]A chrysanthemum compound tea beverage was developed using Fubaiju and Yunwu tea as the main raw materials,sup...[Objectives]This study was conducted to develop a compound tea beverage with local characteristics.[Methods]A chrysanthemum compound tea beverage was developed using Fubaiju and Yunwu tea as the main raw materials,supplemented by wolfberry,through single factor test and orthogonal test,combined with sensory evaluation.[Results]The final product formula was the volume ratio of Fubaiju extract and Yunwu tea extract 2∶1,wolfberry juice 15%,white sugar 4%,citric acid 0.04%,and xanthan gum 0.05%.The prepared compound chrysanthemum tea beverage had the aroma and taste of Fubaiju,Yunwu tea and wolfberry,and tasted good.[Conclusions]This study provides reference for the deep processing and application of the two local special resources,Fubaiju and Yunwu tea.展开更多
[Objectives]To study the volatile components and antibacterial effects of 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products.[Methods]11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products were obtained acco...[Objectives]To study the volatile components and antibacterial effects of 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products.[Methods]11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products were obtained according to the traditional processing method,the volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation,and the composition of volatile oil in the 11 kinds of processed products was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).the relative percentage content of each component in these 11 kinds of processed products was determined using the peak area normalization.The drug sensitivity activity of the volatile oil of these 11 kinds of processed products was tested using the K-B paper diffusion method and the minimum inhibition volume fraction of volatile oil of these 11 kinds of processed products was tested using the microdilution method.[Results]The highest yield of volatile oil of 11 kinds of these processed products was baking(5.193%),and the lowest was stir-bake to scorch(1.998%).A total of 36 chemical components were identified from the volatile oils of these 11 kinds of processed products.The components with the most volatile oil were stir-bake to scorch(24 kinds),and the components with the least volatile oil were the method of processing with rice-washed water(15 kinds).They contain 8 kinds of common chemical components,such as limonene,linalool,myrcene,α-pinene.The highest content of limonene came from processing with honey(60.93%),the lowest came from processing with rice-washed water(55.25%);the highest content of linalool came from processing with rice-washed water(7.139%),the lowest came from processing with honey(5.436%);the highest content of myrcene came from processing with honey(1.899%),the lowest came from stir-bake to scorch(1.632%);the highest content ofα-pinene came from raw Aurantii Fructus Immaturus(2.355%),and the lowest came from stir-bake to scorch(1.618%).The volatile oil of these 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products has good antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.[Conclusions]The oil yields of volatile oils of 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products are different,the content of limonene is significantly different,and the changes of other chemical components and their contents are not significantly different.The volatile oil of 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products has certain antibacterial effect.展开更多
文摘To promote sustainability, it has become increasingly vital to properly account material and energy flows in industrial production processes. Therefore, a generic process-level input-output (IO) model was developed to provide an integrated energy (material) accounting and analysis approach for industrial production processes. By extending the existing processlevel IO models, the production, usage, export and loss of by-products were explicitly considered in the proposed IO model. Moreover, the by-products allocation procedures were incorporated into the proposed IO model to reflect individual contributions of products to energy consumption. Finally, the proposed model enabled calculating embodied energy of main products and total energy consumption under hierarchical accounting scope. Plant managers, energy management consultants, governmental officials and academic researchers could use this input-output model to account material and energy flows, thus calculating energy consumption indicators of a production process with their specific system boundary requirements. The accounting results could be further used for energy labeling, identifying bottlenecks of production activities, evaluating industrial symbiosis effects, improving materials and energy utilization efficiency, etc. The model could also be used as a planning tool to determine the effect that a particular change of technology and supply chains may have on the industrial production processes. The proposed model was tested and applied in a real integrated steel mill, which also provided the reference results for related researches. At last, some concepts, computational issues and limi- tations of the proposed model were discussed.
文摘The change and control of nitrogen content in molten steel was investigated through the production process of "LDBAr-LF-RH-CC". Results show that nitrogen content reduces gradually in converter-steelmaking stage, rises rapidly from the end of converter process to the end of argon station process, continues to increase in ladle furnace process, and decreases slightly in RH refining stage. Since nitrogen is removed mainly by BOF steelmaking and vacuum refining operations, nitrogen in molten steel should be removed as much as possible in these two operations. However, nitrogen uptake should be minimized in other operations of molten steel production process.
基金Sponsored by Key Subject Foundation of Beijing Municipal(XK100070530)
文摘Production planning under flexible job shop environment is studied.A mathematic model is formulated to help improve alternative process production.This model,in which genetic algorithm is used,is expected to result in better production planning,hence towards the aim of minimizing production cost under the constraints of delivery time and other scheduling conditions.By means of this algorithm,all planning schemes which could meet all requirements of the constraints within the whole solution space are exhaustively searched so as to find the optimal one.Also,a case study is given in the end to support and validate this model.Our results show that genetic algorithm is capable of locating feasible process routes to reduce production cost for certain tasks.
基金Supported by Central Public Welfare Research Institutes of BasicResearch Operations Special Fund (2008KYYW01)
文摘[Objective] The aim was to discuss he produce and elimination rules of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games. [Method] Based on the analysis of particulate matter online observation data and meteorological data during the corresponding period in Chinese environmental science college, Hysplit Back trace model and Numerical weather prediction graphs, and combined with the different analytical methods on meteorological flow fields, a typical process of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games was studied. [Result] The results indicated that during the ascent stage of PM2.5 concentration, the PM showed gradually aging phenomena; the process controlled by large scale synoptic system mainly. And the weak wind and the high humidity were not in favor of dispersion; the prolonged southerly air mass to bring the pollutant of Hebei, Taijin and Shandong to Beijing; mixing height and temperature curve took the importance role to the pollution. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the discussion on factors influencing the production and elimination of particles in the air pollution process.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate and evaluate the quality safety of tea production in China.[Methods]With the production of famous and high-quality green tea in the western Sichuan tea areas as the investigation object,the practice survey and comprehensive evaluation analysis method were adopted to conduct research on tea production quality safety management and control,and a comprehensive evaluation was carried out in combination with the survey.[Results]Statistical analysis and scoring were carried out according to relevant indices,and the current situation of tea production quality safety was comprehensively evaluated.Four hazards were found,including pesticide residues,heavy metal residues,harmful microorganisms and non-tea impurities,and improvement measures were proposed.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical reference for improving the quality safety of tea production in China.
文摘Background:The simplest and most convenient food technology is the using of dry composite mixtures.They have a lot of advantages.Dry composite mixtures,which would completely be the basis for the production of personalized food concentrates,are not represented.The development of such dry composite mixtures is actual and of scientific and practical interest.The purpose of this research is the selection and justification of local import-substituting raw materials components for dry composite mixtures used as the basis for the production of food concentrates.As the objects of research,the raw materials components of the starch,fruit and vegetable,industry were selected.The work uses currently accepted standard research methods for organoleptic and physic-chemical parameters of raw materials components.The research was carried out within of the project“Theoretical Substantiation of Production Technology and the Development of Import-Substituting Food Products of Functional Purpose Based on Dry Composite Mixtures”,funded by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Basic Research.Based on the researches,it was found out that in the composition of dry composite mixtures for the production of food concentrates it is expedient to use the following raw materials:potato starch,extruded corn starch,dried carrots,dried beets,dried topinambur and dried apples in chopped form.
文摘In this paper,we consider a production machine which may fail and it is necessary to repair the machine after each failure and there are two statuses for each repair;in one case,we should replace the machine because of catastrophic failure and in the other case,only small repairs are needed.Times between failures and repair and replace times are random and demands are satisfied by inventory during repairing and replacing the machine;shortage level is limited.We model described system as a Markov chain and develop an algorithm to compute the expected number of transitions among states.
文摘On July 16, 2013, the first low-E energy saving glass deep processing line of Hubei Zhongyi Glass Co., Ltd. was put into production in Changyang County of Hubei Province. Low-E glass is a kind of new glass featured with good lighting, thermal insulation, and ultraviolet radiation resistance. So far contracts worth about CNY 50 million have been signed.
文摘WHILE much of Africa's oil production is exported in its crude form, Uganda is primed to build its own oil refinery. This ambition is set to be realized after the China National Offshore Oil Corp. (CNOOC) struck a $2-billion licensing deal to develop a vast petroleum field in Uganda. Signed in late September, it was the first oil production license to be issued in Uganda,
文摘A three dimensional unison product with third derivative of displacement system of differential equations is presented. A projected plasma efavirenz concentration profile of a patient who had been on an orally administered 600 mg daily dose of efavirenz is used as a structural aggregate. A three compartmental model of ordinary differential equations is suggested and solved numerically. The model projects descriptors associated with the product of a bounce that is a closed system. The product consists of three independent phases with two variable states, intenseness (concentration) that measures a structural aggregate and an environmental influence which is gravity. The third phase of the product is a processing function (spartial aggregate) which is a free potential. The function, a free potential, is responsible for ordering the product. A dynamical system with an attractive subspace which is an external potential (stable) with a zero eigenvalue is derived. The unison jerk’s Jacobian Matrix has corresponding negative, positive and zero eigenvalues.
文摘Currently, it has been noticed a strong use of ICTs in several companies. The objective of this study was to analyze and measure the impact of the implementation of ICTs on the strategy and structure of management of core competence in SMEs in Bukavu, DRC. The scale used shows the good psychometric properties (χ<sup>2</sup> = 75.045;P = 0.16;χ<sup>2</sup>/ddl = 1.471;CFI = 0.92;IFI = 0.92;RMSEA = 0.049;NFI = 0.79;GFI = 0.94;AGFI = 0.91. This study analyzed primary data collected from 195 SMEs in the city of Bukavu. Data processing was achieved using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and flat sorting. The results indicate that the use of ICTs by SME managers in the city of Bukavu has a positive impact on all dimensions of core competence selected in this study. They also reveal that the views of these leaders on the importance attached to the adoption of ICTs were divided and the level of ICT use was above average.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0401302)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701636)
文摘When harvested the potato has a high moisture content, this could make its transportation and storage difficult. To help solve the transportation difficulties, potato is made into whole flour by many food processing companies. Potato whole flour has high nutritional value and may be regarded as beneficial to human health and fitness. In addition to the direct use of potato whole flour,it can also be used as added ingredients into other food products. This study summarizes and analyzes the processing technology of potato whole flour and its application in noodle products.
文摘Some key techniques for the development of web-based product data management (PDM) system are introduced. The four-tiered B/S architecture of a PDM system-BITPDM is introduced first, followed by its design and implementation, including virtual data vault, flexible coding system, document management, product structure and configuration management, workflow/process and product maturity management. BITPDM can facilitate the activities from new product introduction phase to manufacturing, and manage the product data andtheir dynamic changing history. Based on Microsoft. NET, XML, web service and SOAP techniques, BITPDM realizes the integration and efficient management of product information.
文摘Today the cycle time of the product develop is requ ir ed to be shortened. At the same time the requirement of the customers becomes mo re and more diverse and complex. The capability of the develop unit is limited b ecause of the existence of heterogeneous systems and distributed environments. I n this paper, we bring forward a new approach to solve the problem in product de velopment process. We also settle part key technologies in it. A great deal of information from all kinds of sources in the distributed develop ment process is interweaved. The solution to organize the workflow and manage th e information in the process is called for anxiously. We use a new approach that is asynchronous and synchronous coupling product development approach based on the network. The approach extends the develop process from the time axis. Then t he activities in the process are organized from the asynchronous and synchronous aspects. The state of every activity projects at the ASN (active semantic netwo rk). The ASN includes decision system, intelligent agent, user interface and net work. The ASN decides the types and states of the activities and deals with the couple relationship among them. The knowledge stored in ASN is open to all users through the relative interfaces. Every specialist keeps contact with their user s relying on collaborative platform implements CSCW (computer support collaborat ive work) that integrated product/process design and development. The lack of gl obal communication in product development process can be prevented in the most d egree. The key technologies that exist in the asynchronous and synchronous coupling pro duct develop approach include: integrated development structure, orderly organiz ation of information, transparent management of process, agile transfer of infor mation and rapid prototype. The development process can be completed quickly by these technologies. The technologies involve wide content. In this paper, we dis cuss some key technologies. We validate the approach by the projectrapid response manufacturing a pplication in the distributed environment. The expensive device, high technology and low using lead to RE (Rapid engineering) and RP (Rapid prototype) service a pplication by the network. RE and RP develop rapidly due to the accelerated prod uct development process. RE and RP application service platform is built in the project.
文摘Polar microorganism resource development can be accomplished as long as its inherent characteristics,that is,biota quantity,diversity,and low temperature adaptability,as well as market demands and product feasibility,are considered.*1 Characteristics of polar microorganisms Most importantly,the quantity and diversity of terrestrial and aquatic microorganisms in the polar regions is abundant(Abakumov and Mukhametova,2014),and species quantity and diversity in eutrophic polar areas can even become comparable to that in temperate climate regions(Hoovera and Pikutab,2010).This large,diverse polar region microbial biomass can become the basis for the development of novel resources.
文摘Product development process management plays an important role in concurrent engineering (CE). The integration platform is a useful tool for effectively supporting the software development and integration. Based on the analysis of practical requirements for product development process management for CE, a CORBA-based integration platform of product development process management (IP-PDPM) is designed and developed. The design principles for IP-PDPM are described. The system architecture and functions of the platform are given, the key technologies for the implementation of IP-PDPM are presented, the application integration mechanism and its implementation techniques are also detailed.
文摘This paper studies the scheduling of design projects in concurrent development process with uncertain number of feedback revisions. An optimization based methodology that combines heuristic algorithm, artificial intelligence (fuzzy, genetic algorithm) and scheduling theory is developed. In the algorithm, weighting values of some key factors are defined by genetic algorithm. In addition, fuzzy logic is used to decide the ability coefficients of different roles taken by designers. Moreover, the process of pre-release and feedback revision is realized. Simulation example is a fraction of practical development project, and satisfied results are obtained.
基金Supported by the Innovative Team Funds of Northeast Agricultural University (CXT004-3-2)Foundation of Heilongjiang Educational Committee(11511030)
文摘The RR soybean was quantitatively detected by ABI Prism 7300 sequence detector with PCR primers and fluorescence probes were designed according to the sequences of endogenous Lectin gene and exogenous CP4-EPSPS gene, and the PCR systems were based on SYBR Green I and TaqMan. The standard curve of ACt between CP4-EPSPS gene and Lectin gene of the RR soybean in standard materials was generated and a linear regression equation was obtained. Quantification methods were optimized through two different real-time PCR chemistries, i.e. SYBR Green I and TaqMan, and the RR soybean contents were quantified in five standard samples and seven highly processed products by the two assays. Both methods are proved to be specific, highly sensitive and reliable for both identification and quantification of soybean DNA. The results indicate that the two optimized PCR system can be used for the practical quantitative detection of RR soybean in highly processed products.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to develop a compound tea beverage with local characteristics.[Methods]A chrysanthemum compound tea beverage was developed using Fubaiju and Yunwu tea as the main raw materials,supplemented by wolfberry,through single factor test and orthogonal test,combined with sensory evaluation.[Results]The final product formula was the volume ratio of Fubaiju extract and Yunwu tea extract 2∶1,wolfberry juice 15%,white sugar 4%,citric acid 0.04%,and xanthan gum 0.05%.The prepared compound chrysanthemum tea beverage had the aroma and taste of Fubaiju,Yunwu tea and wolfberry,and tasted good.[Conclusions]This study provides reference for the deep processing and application of the two local special resources,Fubaiju and Yunwu tea.
基金the First Phase of Teaching Ability Training Program for Young Backbone Teachers of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(04B1805815)Program of Key Laboratory for Extraction and Purification and Quality Analysis of TCM in 2014(Gui Jiao Ke Yan[2014]No.6)。
文摘[Objectives]To study the volatile components and antibacterial effects of 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products.[Methods]11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products were obtained according to the traditional processing method,the volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation,and the composition of volatile oil in the 11 kinds of processed products was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).the relative percentage content of each component in these 11 kinds of processed products was determined using the peak area normalization.The drug sensitivity activity of the volatile oil of these 11 kinds of processed products was tested using the K-B paper diffusion method and the minimum inhibition volume fraction of volatile oil of these 11 kinds of processed products was tested using the microdilution method.[Results]The highest yield of volatile oil of 11 kinds of these processed products was baking(5.193%),and the lowest was stir-bake to scorch(1.998%).A total of 36 chemical components were identified from the volatile oils of these 11 kinds of processed products.The components with the most volatile oil were stir-bake to scorch(24 kinds),and the components with the least volatile oil were the method of processing with rice-washed water(15 kinds).They contain 8 kinds of common chemical components,such as limonene,linalool,myrcene,α-pinene.The highest content of limonene came from processing with honey(60.93%),the lowest came from processing with rice-washed water(55.25%);the highest content of linalool came from processing with rice-washed water(7.139%),the lowest came from processing with honey(5.436%);the highest content of myrcene came from processing with honey(1.899%),the lowest came from stir-bake to scorch(1.632%);the highest content ofα-pinene came from raw Aurantii Fructus Immaturus(2.355%),and the lowest came from stir-bake to scorch(1.618%).The volatile oil of these 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products has good antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.[Conclusions]The oil yields of volatile oils of 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products are different,the content of limonene is significantly different,and the changes of other chemical components and their contents are not significantly different.The volatile oil of 11 kinds of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus processed products has certain antibacterial effect.