Coordination Mechanism and Empirical Research on Marine Science Technology Innovation and Marine Eco-civilization:A Case Study of Coastal Areas of China

Marine science technology innovation provides power and guarantees for marine eco-civilization construction,which provides direction and material support for marine science technology innovation.Therefore,the coordinated development of the two is of great significance to the marine economy sustainable development in China’s coastal areas.On the basis of clarifying the connotations of marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization in China’s coastal areas from 2006 to 2019,the mechanism for their coordinated development was analysed.A comprehensive indicator system based on the connotation of the two was constructed,and the coordinated development relationship was empirically tested using the coupled coordination model and the panel vector autoregressive(PVAR)model.The results show that:1)the level of China’s coastal marine science technology innovation continues to improve,gradually forming the core of the development of marine science technology innovation in the north,east and south of Shandong,Shanghai and Guangdong;the level of marine eco-civilization development fluctuating upward trend,showing obvious spatial differentiation characteristics.2)The degree of coordination of marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization is growing over time.There is no causal relationship between marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization in the northern marine economic circle,but there is a two-way causal relationship between the two in the eastern and southern marine economic circles.3)Marine eco-civilization shows a significant positive and continuous impact on marine science technology innovation,and marine science technology innovation shows a long-term,continuous,fluctuating,and lagging impact on marine eco-civilization.The overall role of marine eco-civilization on marine science technology innovation is dominant,and there are significant differences in the impact effects of the two major marine economic circles.

CHINA: MEDICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

Ⅰ. ORGANIZATION AND PERSONNEL At present there are 795 research institutes in China (in 1987 there were 351 independent ones and 441 affiliated ones) under the Chinese Academy of Medical Science,the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine,the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Chinese Academy of Military Medicine.They are playing the role of research centers for basic and clinical medicine,preventive medicine,traditional Chinese medicine,and mili-

Research Progress on the Development of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Park

This paper summarizes the typical models,construction theory and development status of modern agricultural science and technology parks at home and abroad,in order to provide a reference for the sustainable development of modern agricultural science and technology parks in China.It is found that at present,the agricultural science and technology park in China is in the stage of quantitative development,neglecting the qualitative construction of the park.This paper points out that the balanced relationship among ecology,economy and society should be adjusted to promote the sustainable development of the park.

Progress and Development Strategy of Biomass Energy Utilization Technologies in China

I. Preface Biomass includes the residues of agriculture, forest and stock breeding, as well as straw, algae and energy crops. In its broad meaning, biomass is a kind of organic matter produced by the photosynthesis of plants, which is not only renewable, but also contains plentiful energy.

The lake science development in China

China is a country abundant in lakes. Lake science development in China, not only aims at the international frontiers of correlative subject development, but also focuses on the national strategic needs in different ages. This paper describes the general situation and distribution characteristics of Chinese lakes, systematically reviews development process of Chinese lake science and its progress in lake physics, lake chemistry, lake biology, lake sediment and lake-watershed management, finally looks forward to the developing tendency of Chinese lake science in future.

Present Situation and Thinking of the Evaluation and Management of Biomedical Projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Cooperation Zone

Objective To put forward some suggestions for the improvement of the evaluation system of Shenzhen Industrial Park of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation Cooperation Zone by studying the scientific research project evaluation and management system of Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED).Methods Through literature review,lessons were drawn from the review and management policies and methods of biomedical projects implemented by Japan AMED.Then some reference was provided to the review and management of the projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park.Results and Conclusion A basic review framework has been set up in Shenzhen Industrial Park,which consists of scientific research management institution of Shenzhen Industrial Park,Third-Party Review Institution and Science Committee.However,there are three problems in this system:unclear selection criteria of review experts,insufficient supervision and lack of project evaluation standards.These problems can be solved by establishing an expert think tank,setting up graded project supervisors to have the dynamic monitoring,and developing a general evaluation scale for evaluating scientific research projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park.

HOW TO PUSH FORWARD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA—ABOUT RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

It is out of question that China has achieved considerable advancements in science and technology. The worldwide spread of ＂Made in China＂ that gets on the western countries＇ nerves is a good illustration. However, although comparatively better than some other developing countries, we have to face the situation that science and technology in such a great nation as China is still seriously lagged behind, lacking great breakthroughs and top-ranking masters and leaders. That＇s why we feel uneasy in front of international colleagues.

Reviewing on the Development of Forestry Sciences and Technology in China

This essay reviews and sums up about the major achievement of forestry sciences-and technology in the past 50 years in China, from 8 fields including hereditary breeding of forest, silviculture, forest ecology, forest management, forest protection, combating desertification, wood sciences and technology, and forestry chemistry and technology.

来自多方的声音:构建中国开放科学创新生态——第十届中国开放获取推介周(China OA Week)会议综述

[目标/意义]2021年第十届中国开放获取推介周(10th China OA Week)的主题为“开放科学的意义和影响”,标志着中国最主要的开放获取平台主题正式转向开放科学,契合形势发展需要。[方法/过程]本届会议邀请到国内外的多方专家与代表,分专题探讨开放科学目标、关键问题、实践案例并提出发展建议。[结果/结论]会议呼吁构建中国开放创新生态,初步勾画出中国开放科学发展现状。响应国家提出的推动开放科学发展要求,China OA Week平台及其研讨成果将持续助力中国开放科学事业的推进。

科技金融对企业科技创新的影响——以东北地区为例

科技创新是经济增长的第一生产力,科技金融能够有效推动企业创新与科技研发,是经济发展的重要基石。以东北地区为例,分析科技金融对企业创新的影响机制,绘制散点图,发现科技金融能够通过优化企业资本结构,提高科技创新研发投入,分散企业风险,降低金融交易成本,营造良好创业环境,提高企业创新效率,推动企业科技创新发展。完善科技创新配套财政支持,强化高新技术产业建设,健全科技金融融资体系,提升科技金融服务与创新能力等能有效助力东北地区的科技创新与经济发展。

高校附属医院国自然青年基金负责人现状调查及发展机制探讨

目的对国自然青年基金负责人的科研动机、积极因素消极因素以及需要的科研支持等进行调查,探讨促进青年科研人员科研发展的成长机制,激发青年科研人员创新活力。方法收集医院2010—2021年度获得国家自然青年基金资助时负责人的基本情况并对其开展问卷调查,对不同岗位类型负责人的科研发展与科研支持需要情况及已结题负责人继续获得资助情况进行卡方检验。结果项目负责人均具有高学历及优秀教育经历,专职科研人员与临床科研人员在薪酬肯定、高端人才指导、科研经费、科研时间方面有统计学差异。结论青年基金负责人有科研工作热情,医院要积极探索适合青年科研人员的成长机制,为青年科研人员的培养与发展提供良好平台与支撑。

深圳市医学科技计划项目立项结题情况及发展策略

目的总结分析医学科技计划项目开展的现状、存在的亮点及问题,提出相应的发展策略建议。方法本研究采用横断面研究设计,分析2016—2021年深圳市立项的医学科技计划1880项基本情况以及2016—2017年已结题558个项目的绩效产出数据。结果2016—2021年度医学科技计划项目共立项资助1880项,共依托97家单位,总资助金额累计10亿,增长百分比93.9%。基础研究专项占资助项目总数93.4%,资助总金额6.1亿,占总项目资助金额60.3%。医学科技计划中医疗卫生机构类项目总计1692项,其中基层机构及区级医疗机构(未定级、一级、二级)资助力度较小,立项比例为7.2%,资助金额仅占医疗卫生机构类总金额3.0%。2016—2017完成结题项目558项,绩效指标包括发表文章、培养人才、科技奖以及专利申请数量,总计培养人才762名,申请专利448项,专利授权184项,发表论文2061篇。结论医学科技计划项目加强规划临床研究专项,建立多层级临床研究中心体系,完善科技项目管理各个环节机制、分层分类管理,强化科技成果转化应用四方面的支撑,逐步转向临床研究新方向。

面向美丽中国建设目标的生态环境科技创新需求与学科发展建议

建设美丽中国是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重要目标,是实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的重要内容。生态环境科技创新是实现美丽中国愿景的有力支撑。本文系统梳理了我国面向美丽中国建设目标的生态环境科技创新需求,从减污降碳、气候变化、大气污染治理、陆海污染治理、跨介质污染治理、生态系统保护修复、环境健康风险防范、城乡环境治理、环境治理现代化及数字生态环境10方面梳理了未来科技创新的方向,并就学科发展、人才培养、产学研用和国际合作等方面提出了科学建议,以期为中国生态环境科技创新与学科发展提供科学依据与实践指南。

新时代中国共产党领导科技事业发展的理论逻辑、演进脉络和实践进路

中国共产党领导科技事业发展可以从理论逻辑、演进历程和实践进路三重维度进行探析。在理论逻辑上,中国共产党领导科技事业发展以马克思主义科技观为逻辑起点,深刻剖析了科技的本质、功能和主体;以中国古代科技思想为理论渊源,体现为科技哲学观、科技价值观和科技伦理观。在演进历程上,先后经历了自力更生的生产工具科技观、自主创新的生产力科技观、自立自强的核心综合国力科技观;在实践进路上,坚持科技服务经济社会发展的战略方向,立足世界科技强国建设的战略目标,秉持技术尺度、科技向善的价值理念,构建教育、科技、人才三位一体的发展体系。

脑机接口技术应用中知情同意权的伦理与法律规制研究

随着脑机接口(BCI)技术研究的不断深入,相关科技伦理与法律规制问题亟待解决。以BCI技术在医疗和娱乐应用中的知情同意权问题为切入口,了解不同用户群体在知情同意过程中的需求差异,探讨用户理解BCI技术的难度及BCI技术对有效知情同意的影响,分析《中华人民共和国民法典》及其他法律规范在BCI技术应用中的适用性,基于BCI应用场景知情同意权保障,提出分层次的知情同意流程、建立动态的监管机制等建议。

“十五”全国农业科技进步贡献率测算与2020年预测

本文以国家统计局发布的1953-2005年度统计数据为基础,采用基于C-D生产函数的增长速度测算模型,测定我国“十五”期间农业科技进步贡献率为45.68%,预计到2020年可望达到64%以上,并从科技投入、科技队伍、科技基础设施等方面,提出了加快农业科技进步、提高对农业综合生产能力支撑水平的对策建议。

中国土壤污染与修复科技研究进展和展望

土壤污染与修复是土壤学的一个重要分支学科,对推进中国土壤污染管控与修复工作、保障国家土壤环境安全和生态文明建设发挥着重要的科技支撑作用。简要分析了中国土壤污染状况,介绍了国内外土壤污染与修复技术研究现状与发展趋势,指出了我国土壤污染防治科技研发中存在的若干问题,提出了今后我国土壤污染与修复科技研究与发展的总体思路与主要方向等对策建议。

中国农业发展方式的评价

本文运用非参数的莫氏(Malmquist)指数法,研究了1978—2009年期间中国农业全要素生产率增长、构成的时序特征及其农业增长方式转变的绩效。结果表明,中国农业全要素生产率在1978—2009年的31年间,年均增长率为2.6%,农业全要素生产率的增长主要来自技术进步,中国农业仍然保持粗放型发展方式,目前主要处于低度粗放型阶段。在未来农业生产方式转变中,通过技术进步、劳动者素质和生态环境保护来提高生产要素的使用效率,实现农业发展方式的转变。

体育科技进步跟踪观测系统研究

在体育大国迈向体育强国进程中,体育科技进步起着至关重要的作用。通过采用体育科技进步跟踪观测系统分析方法,研究者观察到在2001—2008年期间我国体育科技进步发展的总体轨迹与趋势,以及构成体育科技进步3要素的体育科技研究与开发、体育科技创新和体育科技扩散的发展特征。研究结果显示,相对于基准年2001年,我国在此期间体育科技进步的总体发展是迅速的。从年度环比增长速度看,体育科技进步跟踪观测总指数、体育科技研究与开发跟踪观测指数、体育科技创新跟踪观测指数和体育科技扩散跟踪观测指数均呈现出发展轨迹与趋势不平稳特点。

中国镍资源开发现状与可持续发展策略及其关键技术

镍矿已成为现代航空工业、国防工业以及国民经济不可或缺的战略资源。首先基于世界镍矿资源调查、开发利用现状以及供需矛盾分析,阐述中国镍矿资源特点和资源开发面临的主要问题,提出中国镍矿开发与可持续发展的策略。然后指出循环经济和科技与制度创新并举,提高镍矿资源综合利用水平,是中国镍矿资源开发的发展方向;合理开发国内资源,充分利用海外资源是中国镍矿资源的开发策略。寻找新的镍矿资源是提高资源保有年限的根本;发展边角矿、残矿、贫矿、深井与原位浸出的采矿技术,提高复杂难采矿安全、高效和经济开发,是中国镍矿资源开发与环境保护的重要基础。最后明确红土镍矿开发利用是中国镍矿资源开发的发展趋势。