Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in early focal cerebral infarction following urokinase thrombolysis in rats

Activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 increases following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, and is associated with cerebral microvascular permeability, blood-brain barrier destruction, inflammatory cell infiltration and brain edema. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 also likely participates in thrombolysis. A rat model of middle cerebral artery infarction was established by injecting autologous blood clots into the internal carotid artery. At 3 hours following model induction, urokinase was injected into the caudal vein. Decreased neurological severity score, reduced infarct volume, and increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were observed in the cerebral cortex 24 hours after urokinase thrombolysis. These results suggest that urokinase can suppress damage in the acute-early stage of cerebral infarction.

Effects of butyphthalide + rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis on the DWI characteristics, coagulation function and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective: To investigate the effects of butyphthalide + alteplase (rt-PA) intravenous thrombolysis on the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) characteristics, coagulation function and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods: The patients with acute cerebral infarction who were admitted to our hospital between April 2015 and October 2018 and with the onset time 4.5 hours were selected and divided into the observation group receiving butyphthalide + rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis and the control group receiving rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis by random number table. The differences in DWI parameter apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), coagulation function indexes and neurological function indexes were compared between the two groups. Results: At 7 and 14 days after treatment, the ADC values of both groups were significantly increased, and the ADC values of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group;at 7 days after treatment, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) levels in both groups were significantly prolonged whereas fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer (D-D), platelet activating factor (PAF), P-selectin, von Willebrand factor (vWF), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100B protein (S100B), malondialdehyde (MDA) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) contents were significantly decreased, and the APTT and PT levels in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group whereas FIB, D-D, PAF, P-selectin, vWF, NSE, S100B, MDA and ET-1 contents were significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusion: Butyphthalide + rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis can improve the DWI characteristics, coagulation function and neurological function of patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Anticoagulation effect of low-dose and low-intensity heparin applied within 24 hours after intravenous thrombolysis for acute cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND： Studies have demonstrated that immediate anticoagulation after thrombolysis can improve the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction. However, the optimal timing and means of anticoagulation therapy remain unclear. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects and safety of heparin treatment within 24 hours after intravenous thrombolysis for acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN： Observation experiment. SETTING： Department of Neurology, the 306 Hospital of Chinese PLA. PARTICIPANTS： Fifteen acute cerebral infarction patients complicated by moderate and severe neurologic function deficits within 6 hours after attack admitted to Department of Neurology, the 306 Hospital of Chinese PLA between January 2005 and December 2006 were recruited in this study. The involved patients, 11 male and 4 female, were aged 46- 79 years. They all met the diagnosis criteria for various cerebrovascular diseases formulated by the 4th National Conference for Cerebrovascular Disease （1995） and confirmed as cerebral infarction by skull CT or MRI imageology. Informed consents were obtained from the patients or their relatives. METHODS： On admission, patients received thrombolysis with urokinase. Immediately after thrombolysis, skull CT was rechecked. Intracranial hemorrhage signs were not found by skull CT. Hemorrhage was also not found in skin, mucous membrane and internal organs. Six hours later, low-dose low-intensity heparin 4 - 8 IU/kg per hour was intravenously administrated for anticoagulation for 7 - 10 days successively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Neurologic function was evaluated before, immediately 6 hours and 14 days after thrombolysis by scoring standard of clinical neurologic function deficit degree for stroke patients （1995）. Activities of daily living of patients with stroke were evaluated 90 days after thrombolysis by modified Rankin Scale. RESULTS： Fifteen involved patients participated in the final analysis. ① Comparison of clinical neurologic function deficit degree of patients at different time： Neurologic function deficit score at the end of thrombolysis was significantly lower than that before thrombolysis （t =3.45, P 〈 0.01）. Neurologic function deficit score 6 hours after thrombolysis was higher than that at the end of thrombolysis, and neurologic deficits were increased, but no significant difference was found （P 〉 0.05）. Neurologic function deficit score 14 days after thrombolysis was significantly lower than that before thrombolysis （t =4.769, P 〈 0.01）. ②Therapeutic effect and modified Rankin scale results： 14 days after thrombolysis, 4 patients were basically cured, 7 significantly improved, 2 improved and 2 worsened. The total improvement rate of neurologic function deficit was 86.7%. Ninety days after thrombolysis, according to modified Rankin Scale, score was 0 to 2 in 12 patients （80%）, 3 to 4 in 2 patients （13.3%） and 6 in 1 patient （6.7%）. Complications of intracranial hemorrhage were not found in patients within 14 days after thrombolysis. CONCLUSION： Low-dose and low-intensity heparin applied within 24 hours after intravenous thrombolysis has good safety and efficacy in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.

Clinical study about mild hypothermia + intravenous thrombolysis in promoting the neural functional recovery in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective: To explore the efficacy of mild hypothermia + intravenous thrombolysis in promoting the neural functional recovery in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 176 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital between September 2015 and February 2017 were reviewed and divided into the routine group (n=100 cases, receiving routine intravenous thrombolysis therapy) and the mild hypothermia group (n=76, receiving mild hypothermia + intravenous thrombolysis therapy), and the treatment lasted for 1 week. The differences in serum levels of nerve injury indexes, inflammatory mediators and neurotransmitters were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 1 week of treatment. Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in serum levels of nerve injury indexes, inflammatory mediators and neurotransmitters between the two groups. After 1 week of treatment, serum nerve injury indexes H-FABP, NT-proBNP, NSE and S100B levels of mild hypothermia group were lower than those of routine group;inflammatory mediators sICAM-1, IL-8, IL-13 and IL-18 levels were lower than those of routine group;neurotransmitter Glu level was lower than that of routine group whereas GABA level was higher than that of routine group. Conclusion: mild hypothermia + intravenous thrombolysis therapy can effectively reduce the nerve injury and systemic inflammatory response, and optimize the neurotransmitter distribution in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Clinical Efficacy of Neurointerventional Catheter Thrombolysis for Cerebral Infarction

Objective.To analyze the clinical efficacy of neurointerventional catheter thrombolysis for cerebral infarction.Methods.A total of 56 patients with cerebral infarction admitted to our hospital from April 2018 to June 2019 were enrolled for the experimental study.Two different treatments were applied to patients,and patients were divided into observation groups and controls according to different treatment methods.After grouped into two groups the control group was treated with intravenous thrombolysis.The observation group was treated with neurointerventional arterial catheter thrombolysis.The treatment effect,NIHSS score and BI index,neurological deficit score before and after treatment,and coagulation index were compared between the two groups.Results.The therapeutic effect of the observation group(92.86%)was significantly different from that of the control group(67.86%),and the observation group was higher than the control group.The data of the observation group in the NIHSS score and the BI index were 5.42±1.77 and 95.64±2.15,respectively,which were better than the control group.The neurological deficit scores of the observation group before and after treatment were 19.88±6.24 and 9.14±5.81,respectively.After treatment,the difference was significant compared with the control group,P<0.05.The coagulation indexes of the observation group in FIB,PT,TT,etc.were respectively 3.68±1.04,11.46±1.62,15.37±2.46,all were better than the control group(2.13±0.47,13.72±2.72,19.85±2.62),P<0.05.Conclusion.the clinical efficacy of neurointerventional arterial catheter thrombolysis for cerebral infarction is significant,it can effectively promote the recovery of various functional conditions of patients with cerebral infarction,which is worthy of further application and promotion.

Evaluation of vascular recanalization rate and nerve injury of mechanical thrombectomy combined with rt-PA thrombolysis in treatment of acute cerebral infarction

Objective:To investigate the vascular recanalization rate of mechanical thrombectomy combined with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) thrombolysis in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction and the effect on the nerve injury in patients.Methods:A total of 90 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital between January 2016 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the control group (n=46) receiving rt-PA thrombolysis and the observation group (n=44) receiving mechanical thrombectomy combined with rt-PA thrombolysis. The differences in vascular recanalization rate 24 h after treatment as well as serum levels of inflammatory mediators [interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-7 (IL-7), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)], nerve injury markers [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B protein (S100B)] and neurotransmitters [glutamate (Glu) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] before and after treatment were compared between the two groups of patients.Results: 24 h after treatment, the vascular recanalization rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). 24 h after treatment and 1 week after treatment, serum IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, IL-17 and hs-CRP levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group;BDNF level was higher than that in the control group, while NSE and S100B levels were lower than those in the control group;Glu and 5-HT levels were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Mechanical thrombectomy combined with rt-PA thrombolysis can increase the early postoperative vascular recanalization rate in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and it also plays an active role in alleviating nerve injury.

Effect of clopidogrel combined with atorvastatin on NIHSS and Barthel score in patients with progressive cerebral infarction

Objective:Study the clinical effect of atorvastatin combined with clopidogrel on patients with progressive cerebral infarction of intracranial aortic stenosis.Methods: Chose eighty-eight patients with progressive cerebral infarction in our hospital from June 2014 to October 2015. They were randomly divided into study group and study group, 44 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with oral clopidogrel. On the basis of this, the patients in the study group were treated with atorvastatin;all patients were treated for 4 weeks. Compared the total effective rate, adverse reaction rate, coagulation function index and blood lipid level between the two groups, and compared the NIHSS score and daily life ability (ADL) score between the two groups before and after treatment.Results: The total effective rate (90.90%) was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (72.73%). After treatment, the NIHSS score of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The levels of LDL-C, TG and TC in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and HDL-C was significantly higher than that in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion: Clopidogrel combined with atorvastatin has a significant effect on the patients with intracranial large artery stenosis and improve the neurological function and quality of life. It is safe and reliable. It is worthy to be popularized.

Intracoronary arterial retrograde thrombolysis with percutaneous coronary intervention: a novel use of thrombolytic to treat acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Background Clearance of coronary arterial thrombosis is necessary in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There is currently no highly-recommended method of thrombus removal during interventional procedures. We describe a new method for opening culprit vessels to treat STEMI: intracoronary arterial retrograde thrombolysis (ICART) with PCI. Methods & Results Eight patients underwent ICART. The guidewire was advanced to the distal coronary artery through the occlusion lesion. Then, we inserted a microcatheter into the distal end of the occluded coronary artery over the guidewire. Urokinase (5–10 wu) mixed with contrast agents was slowly injected into the occluded section of the coronary artery through the microcatheter. The intracoronary thrombus gradually dissolved in 3–17 min, and the effect of thrombolysis was visible in real time. Stents were then implanted according to the characteristics of the recanalized culprit lesion to achieve full revascularization. One patient experienced premature ventricular contraction during vascular revascularization, and no malignant arrhythmias were seen in any patient. No reflow or slow flow was not observed post PCI. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade and myocardial blush grade post-primary PCI was 3 in all eight patients. No patients experienced bleeding or stroke. Conclusions ICART was accurate and effective for treating intracoronary thrombi in patients with STEMI in this preliminary study. ICART was an effective, feasible, and simple approach to the management of STEMI, and no intraprocedural complications occurred in any of the patients. ICART may be a breakthrough in the treatment of acute STEMI.

Therapeutic effect of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator on acute cerebral infarction at different times

BACKGROUND:The study aimed to compare the therapeutic effect of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt-PA) on the onset of acute cerebral infarction(ACI) at different time points of the first 6 hours.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted in 74 patients who received rt-PA thrombolysis treatment within 4.5 hours after ACI and another 15 patients who received rt-PA thrombolysis treatment between 4.5-6 hours after ACI.RESULTS:National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) scores were statistically decreased in both groups(P>0.05) at 24 hours and 7 days after ACI.There was no significant difference in modified ranking scores and mortality at 90 days after the treatment between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The therapeutic effect and mortality of rt-PA treatment in patients with ACI between 4.5-6 hours after the onset of the disease were similar to those in patients who received rtPA within 4.5 hours after the onset of this disease.Therefore,intravenous thrombolytic therapy for ACI within 4.5-6 hours after ACI was effective and safe.

Effects of Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy with Alteplase on Neurological Function,Coagulation Function and Serum Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

Objective:To investigate the effects of intravenous thrombolysis therapy with alteplase on neurological function,coagulation function and serum inflammatory factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods:A total of 96 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to our hospital from September 2017 to October 2019 were randomly divided into two groups,with 48 patients in each group.The control group(n=48)received routine treatment,and the observation group received intravenous thrombolysis therapy with alteplase on the basis of routine treatment.The neurological deficit score,prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),tumor necrosis factor-a level(TNF-α),and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)were compared between the two groups after 15 days of treatment.Results:After treatment,NIHSS scores in both groups were lower than those before treatment;PT levels were increased,while APTT,TNF-αand hs-CRP levels were all decreased in both groups,and the changes in the observation group were greater than those in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusions:Intravenous thrombolysis therapy with alteplase can improve the neurological function,coagulation function and serum levels of inflammatory factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction,which is worthy of clinical application.

Clinical treatment strategy of acute cerebral infarction complicated with pulmonary embolism: a case report

This article describes the clinical characteristics of a case of cerebral infarction complicated with pulmonary embolism(PE),and elaborates the therapeutic strategies of intravenous thrombolysis and anticoagulation.Treatment remedies:the medical history and examination data of a patient with aphasia and right hemiplegia were collected.After intravenous thrombolysis and pulmonary artery CTA(computed tomographic angiography),the patient was found to have low blood oxygen saturation and PE.And the patient was treated with anticoagulant therapy.Post treatment evaluating:cerebral hemorrhage was excluded by craniocerebral CT(computed tomographic),and left basal ganglia infarction was diagnosed.After thrombolysis,the symptoms of aphasia and hemiplegia were significantly improved.For PE,after anticoagulant therapy,the patient’s breathing was stable and blood oxygen saturation was normal.For deep venous thrombosis of both lower extremities,anticoagulant therapy was continued.Conclusion:patients with thrombophilia are prone to cerebral embolism,PE and deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs.Intravenous thrombolytic therapy in acute phase and heparin anticoagulant therapy in recovery period can effectively control the disease.

PROCOAGULANT EFFECTS OF THROMBOLYTICTHERAPY IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

To examine the procoagulant effects of thrombolytic agent on h emostasis and study the role of hemostatic markers as predictors of clinical outcomes. Methods. In the present study, eighteen patients with acute myocardial in farction(AMI) received 1.5 or 2.0 million U nonspecific urokinase(UK), or 70～80 mg fibrin specific recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt PA)and did not use heparin until 8 hours after intravenous injection of the above agents. Eig ht patients with AMI and without thrombolytic therapy were enrolled as controls. Coagulant and thrombolytic activity markers included thrombin antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT), D dimer, fibrinogen (Fg), FMPV/Amax. All markers were determined before,immediately,1,2,4 and 8 hours after the administration of thrombolytic a gents respectively. Results. Molecular marker of thrombin generation——TAT showed an activated coa gulant state immediately after thrombolytic therapy. Level of TAT showed no sign ificant changes between every two observed phases in controls. However, level of TAT increased significantly from 4.95±1.75μg/L ( 4.63±1.37μg/L) to 14.71±3 .31μg/L ( 14.25±2.53μg/L) before and immediately after administration of thro mbolytic agents UK(or rt PA). There was significant difference between level of serum TAT of patients with and without thrombolytic therapy (P< 0.05). Patients achieving clinical reperfusion had lower TAT level than those failing in thromb olytic therapy, and higher FMPV/Amax level than controls. D dimer, a surrogate of thrombolytic activity increased markedly and Fg significantly declined afte r thrombolytic therapy(P< 0.05).Conclusions. Thrombin generation occurred in plasma in response to excess fibri nolysis induced by thrombolytic therapy. Both urokinase and rt PA had procoagul ant action. This transient activation of the coagulant system might contribute t o early reocclusion. These data provided the theoretical support for simultaneou s administration of anticoagulant therapy with thrombolytic agents. These result s also suggested that TAT might be useful in predicting clinical outcomes of p atients treated with thrombolytic therapy for AMI.

STUDIES RELATED TO COAGULATION ACTIVATION AFTER THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Objective:Thrombolytic therapy is an established modality in the management ofacute myocardial infarction(AMI).But early reocclusion of 5-15% limits its effectsand modifies the prognosis of involved patients,To identify the coagulation-relatedfactors predisposing to rethrombosis and consequent reocclusion after thrombolytictherapy,this study was designed to dynamically observe the changes of plasmacoagulation activities before and after thrombolytic therapy.Materials and methods:Consecutive 37 patients presenting with AMI were included,28 of which matched with the inclusion criteria for thrombolysis,Either 1500 000U ofurokinase or 1 500 000U of streptokinase was infused intravenously within 30min.0.3g of aspirin was taken sublingually by all the patients before the start ofthrombolysis and maintained 150mg once daily.Subcutaneous calcium heparan,7500U twice daily was administered 12 hours after the initiation of thrombolytic therapyand sustained for 4-10 days.Upon the diagnosis of the AMI established,blcodsampling was performed periodically and plasma ATM(antithrombin Ⅲ modified)and D-D(D-Dimer) determined by ELISA.Changes of these two parameters within andbetween different subgroups were analyzed.Results:Plasma ATM and D-D increased significantly 2 hours after thrombolysisinitiation.Plasma ATM levels peaked 4 hours later,sustained for at least 3 days,Plasma D-D peaked in 2 hours and returned progressively to normal 12 hours afterthrombolysis In patients without thrombolysis,no significant changes were found inplasma ATM and D-D levels during the whole monitoring period.A positivecorrelation was present between plasma ATM and D-D levels in thrombolytic patients.By subgroup analysis,coagulation activation occurred upon infusion of thromnbolytics.no matter whether the infarct-related vessels were reperfused or not,or which kind ofthromboiytics we chosen,Conclusion:1)Thrombolytic therapy activates coagulation system,which is positivelyrelated to clot lysis.2)Burst of coagulation cascade is only related to thrombolyticsinfusion.3)The anticoagulant regimen we now used could net sufficiently suppress theactivation of coagulation.Earlier or simultancous administration of intensiveanticoagulation may benefit more from thrombolytic therapy for patients with AMI.

阿替普酶静脉溶栓治疗脑梗死患者的再闭塞影响因素及替罗非班治疗效果

目的探讨脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后再闭塞的影响因素及替罗非班的治疗效果。方法选取100例脑梗死患者作为研究对象,根据阿替普酶静脉溶栓后是否再闭塞分为闭塞组(n=42)和非闭塞组(n=58)。闭塞组给予替罗非班治疗。比较2组一般资料。采用Logistic回归模型分析脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后再闭塞的影响因素。观察闭塞组治疗总有效率、重组人组织型纤溶酶原激酶衍生物(rPA)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1(PAI-1)水平以及美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分。结果2组在2型糖尿病、血糖、收缩压、NIHSS评分、起病-溶栓时间方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,2型糖尿病、血糖、收缩压、NIHSS评分、起病-溶栓时间是脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后再闭塞的影响因素(P<0.05)。42例溶栓后再闭塞患者经替罗非班治疗后总有效率为88.10%(37/42)。治疗3、7 d,rPA高于治疗前,PAI-1低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗1、2、4周,MMSE评分高于治疗前,NIHSS评分低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病、血糖、收缩压、NIHSS评分、起病-溶栓时间可对脑梗死患者阿替普酶静脉溶栓后再闭塞产生影响。再闭塞后予以替罗非班治疗的效果较为理想,有利于改善患者神经功能与rPA、PAI-1水平。

急性脑梗死介入治疗联合静脉溶栓治疗的效果观察

目的 探究介入治疗联合静脉溶栓对急性脑梗死患者的治疗效果。方法 80例急性脑梗死患者,合理且随机划分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组采取静脉溶栓治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用介入治疗。比较两组患者神经功能缺损评分、血清学相关指标(神经生长因子、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、脑钠肽)、活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间、纤维蛋白原、并发症发生情况。结果 观察组患者治疗后1 d、7 d、2周神经功能缺损评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者神经生长因子、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、脑钠肽水平均下降,且观察组患者神经生长因子(95.31±9.65)ng/ml、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(10.26±1.37)μg/L、脑钠肽(157.43±13.25)ng/L均低于对照组的(116.38±10.46)ng/ml、(15.86±1.86)μg/L、(189.46±17.78)ng/L(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者活化部分凝血活酶时间(35.43±2.21)s、凝血酶原时间(13.26±1.53)s、凝血酶时间(17.46±2.24)s比对照组的(30.48±2.15)、(10.93±1.29)、(15.55±1.87)s更长,纤维蛋白原(2.44±0.43)g/L比对照组的(4.21±0.64)g/L更低(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率5.00%比对照组的25.00%更低(P<0.05)。结论 针对急性脑梗死患者,采取静脉溶栓联合介入治疗可有效改善患者神经功能及血清学状况,且可以有效改善活化部分凝血活酶时间等相关临床指标,减少相关并发症的发生,该治疗方案临床应用效果理想,预后效果良好,值得在临床广泛推广。

介入溶栓治疗颅内大血管狭窄急性闭塞致脑梗死的疗效及对患者血清BDNF GAP-43和NGF的影响

目的 探讨介入溶栓治疗颅内大血管狭窄急性闭塞致脑梗死的临床疗效及对患者血清脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经生长相关蛋白43(GAP-43)和神经生长因子(NGF)水平的影响。方法 将56例颅内大血管狭窄急性闭塞致脑梗死患者按治疗方法分为对照组(28例)和研究组(28例)。对照组患者给予常规治疗,研究组患者在对照组基础上给予介入溶栓治疗。比较两组临床疗效以及不良事件发生率,比较治疗前后两组患者美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NHISS)评分、脑血流灌注指标、生存质量综合评定问卷简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评分及血清BDNF、GAP-43和NGF水平。结果 治疗后两组患者NHISS评分均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.01);治疗后两组患者脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、脑血流平均通过时间(MTT)均较治疗前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后,研究组患者WHOQDL-BREF各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后,两组患者血清BDNF、GAP-43和NGF水平均较治疗前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组患者临床总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者不良事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 介入溶栓治疗颅内大血管狭窄急性闭塞致脑梗死能够显著改善患者神经缺损程度,改善脑部供血,提高其生活质量,疗效显著。

动脉溶栓联合机械取栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及预后的影响因素

目的分析动脉溶栓联合机械取栓治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及预后的影响因素。方法选取2021-07—2022-12齐齐哈尔市第一医院诊治的急性脑梗死患者116例为对象,按随机数字表法分2组各58例。2组患者均采取基础治疗,对照组加用机械取栓治疗,观察组加用动脉溶栓联合机械取栓治疗。观察2组临床疗效,根据术后3个月改良Rankin量表(mRS)评估患者预后情况,分为预后良好组(mRS≤2,52例)和预后不良组(mRS≥3,64例)。收集临床资料,采用单因素和二元Logistic回归分析影响预后的独立因素。结果观察组总有效87.93%(51/58),显著高于对照组的68.97%(40/58),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,预后良好组与预后不良组患者年龄、侧支循环、血管再通情况、入院NIHSS评分、发病至就诊时间、治疗方式比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以预后为因变量(1=预后良好组,2=预后不良组),以年龄、侧支循环、血管再通情况、入院NIHSS评分、发病至就诊时间、治疗方式为协变量,纳入Logistic回归模型,结果显示年龄、入院NIHSS评分、发病至就诊时间、治疗方式是影响急性脑梗死患者预后的独立因素(P<0.05)。结论动脉溶栓联合机械取栓可作为一种有效的治疗方法,患者年龄、NIHSS评分、发病至就诊时间和治疗方式应被重视,以获得更好的预后。

针灸联合替罗非班对急性进展性脑梗死的疗效研究

目的:分析针灸联合替罗非班对急性进展性脑梗死的疗效。方法:收集2022年8月至2023年7月来天津市人民医院神经内科就诊的114例急性进展性脑梗死患者为研究对象,采用随机对照研究,按随机数字表法分为联合组和对照组,每组57例;对照组给予阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷“双抗”治疗,联合组给予阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷“双抗”治疗+替罗非班联合针灸治疗;记录并比较两组患者临床疗效、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分、血液流变学指标水平及不良反应。结果:联合组临床总有效率为85.96%(49/57),对照组临床总有效率为68.42%(39/57),联合组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);第7天,联合组NIHSS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),MMSE评分与对照组相比无差异(P>0.05);第14天,联合组NIHSS评分显著低于对照组,MMSE评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与治疗前相比,第7天和第14天两组NIHSS评分依次显著降低,MMSE评分依次显著升高(均P<0.05)。第7天和第14天,联合组全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞电泳时间均显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。与治疗前相比,第7天和第14天两组全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞电泳时间均依次显著降低(均P<0.05)。联合组不良反应总发生率为8.77%,对照组为12.28%,两组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:针灸联合替罗非班治疗急性进展性脑梗死患者的疗效显著,有效降低了NIHSS评分,提高了MMSE评分,并改善患者血液流变学指标,用药安全性高。

尤瑞克林联合丁苯酞对急性进展性脑梗死患者脑红蛋白、胱抑素C及神经功能的影响

目的 探讨尤瑞克林、丁苯酞联合治疗对急性进展性脑梗死(APCI)患者脑红蛋白、胱抑素C及神经功能的影响。方法 2020年12月至2021年12月南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院收治的APCI患者220例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组、尤瑞克林组、丁苯酞组、对照组各55例。对照组行对症综合治疗,丁苯酞组行对症综合治疗+静脉注射丁苯酞,尤瑞克林组行对症综合治疗+静脉注射尤瑞克林,观察组行对症综合治疗+丁苯酞+尤瑞克林治疗。四组均连续治疗2周,比较四组临床疗效,治疗前后血清脑红蛋白、胱抑素C及美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分。结果 治疗后,四组脑红蛋白均高于治疗前,胱抑素C及NIHSS评分均低于治疗前(P<0.05);血清脑红蛋白水平:观察组>尤瑞克林组、丁苯酞组>对照组,胱抑素C及NIHSS评分:观察组<尤瑞克林组、丁苯酞组<对照组(P<0.05);尤瑞克林组与丁苯酞组的脑红蛋白、胱抑素C及NIHSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组总有效率高于尤瑞克林组、丁苯酞组和对照组(P<0.05)。结论 尤瑞克林联合丁苯酞治疗APCI可显著提高患者血清脑红蛋白水平,降低血清胱抑素C水平及NIHSS评分,改善患者神经功能,提高临床疗效,具有一定的临床应用价值。

急性脑梗死静脉溶栓治疗短期预后不良预测模型的建立及验证

目的评估入院指标与急性脑梗死溶栓治疗患者短期临床预后的相关性,建立并验证预后不良的预测模型。方法回顾性分析2020-01—2023-12河南大学第一附属医院的165例急性脑梗死溶栓治疗患者的资料。根据溶栓90 d后改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分将患者分为预后良好组及预后不良组,并进行组间单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析,分析血清生物学标志物联合相关临床评估量表与急性脑梗死溶栓治疗患者预后的关系,建立预后预测模型并进行验证。结果共纳入165例患者,预后良好126例,预后不良39例。单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析显示,糖尿病史、高NIHSS评分及白细胞、中性粒细胞、D-二聚体升高是急性脑梗死溶栓治疗患者90 d预后不良的独立预测因子。ROC曲线分析表明,糖尿病史、NIHSS评分、白细胞、中性粒细胞、D-二聚体评估急性脑梗死患者90 d预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)分别0.677、0.826、0.876、0.765、0.863,灵敏度分别为51.3%、82.1%、89.7%、79.5%、79.5%,特异度分别为84.1%、77.8%、77.8%、64.3%、86.5%。以上指标联合构建预后预测模型,该模型具有较好的区分度、临床可用性和校准度。结论结合独立预测因子建立的预后不良风险预测模型清晰简易,可在患者入院时准确预测患者预后,帮助临床早期选择合理干预措施,改善患者预后。