Objective:To examine the frequency and profile of spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)sent to Ethiopia's pharmacovigilance(PV)database system.Methods:The descriptive and retrospective study analysed...Objective:To examine the frequency and profile of spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)sent to Ethiopia's pharmacovigilance(PV)database system.Methods:The descriptive and retrospective study analysed spontaneous ADR complaints reported to the PV database by healthcare professionals between 2013 and 2018.Spontaneous ADR reports that reached the PV center and met the minimum reporting criteria were identified and assessed in terms of reporting rate,patient characteristics,type of ADRs,suspected drugs,report sources,and reporters’profession.Results:A total of 657 spontaneous ADR reports were filed to the PV center between 2013 and 2018.During the study period,the reporting pattern of ADRs changed dramatically.The number of reports increased from 2013(n=12)and peaked in 2015(n=205),and then declined from 2016 to 2018(n=144,142 and 65 in 2016,2017 and 2018,respectively).Females had a higher percentage of reported cases(56.3%)than males(43.7%).The highest number of ADRs was reported in the age categories of 15-64 years(475,72.3%),followed by 0-14 years(154,23.4%),and 65 years and above(21,3.2%).Pharmacists reported the majority of ADRs(81.7%),followed by health officers(7.2%),nurses(5.8%),and physicians(5.2%).Skin and subcutaneous tissue abnormalities were the most commonly reported ADRs.The anatomical therapeutic chemicals code class"anti-infective for systemic use"was the most usually suspected medication.Trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole as a combination ADRs was the most commonly reported drug that cause ADRs(14.2%).Conclusions:The number of ADRs reported in Ethiopia was small and unpredictable compared to developed countries,indicating the performance of PV system and level of awareness of health care professionals towards ADR reporting was not satisfactory.In order to increase the frequency of spontaneous reports,more efficient PV methods and public policies must be implemented.展开更多
Background: The Spontaneous Reporting System (SRS) of the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) of the United States of America (US), known as the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), is a mechanism for collectin...Background: The Spontaneous Reporting System (SRS) of the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) of the United States of America (US), known as the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), is a mechanism for collecting information on safety concerns associated with the use of drugs for redress, as they are used on large scale. The data which is the subject of this paper came from the FAERS database. This paper reports on the analysis of data covering 2013 to 2018 period, but compares the observed trends in the variables during this period with that of the 2007 to 2012 period to ascertain whether the trends change over time;as this paper is, in a sense, a sequel to an earlier one with a similar title as this but covering the period 2007 to 2012. Objectives: The objectives of the study reported in this paper were to: i) explore the trends in the variables involved with the adverse events problem in the 2013 to 2018 period and compare these trends with that found in the study covering the 2007 to 2012 period;ii) determine whether or not the level of missing variable values in the 2013 to 2018 period is lower than, the same or higher than it was in the 2007 to 2012 period;iii) find out how the first twenty principal suspect drugs most cited to be involved in adverse events occurring during drug use in the 2013 to 2018 period compare with that of the 2007 to 2012 period. Methods: The Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) makes extracts from the FAERS database freely available to the public on quarterly basis. Fourteen (14) out of over fifty (50) variables contained in these extracts were reckoned to be connected with the objectives of the study and were examined using the tools of frequencies, proportions and averages, on account of the nature of the data. Results: For the period 2013 to 2018, adverse events reports submitted to the FDA (US) more than doubled (2.1 times), accounting for an annual average growth rate of 15.8 %, which is considerably lower than the annual average growth rate of 22.1% for the 2007 to 2012 period. However, the reported number of cases for 2015 was 53.8% more than that of 2014. Consistent with the results for 2007 to 2012 period, the 2013 to 2018 period saw Female subjects accounting for over 60% of the annual and the overall number of reports. Overall, non-health professionals appear to have a slight edge over health professionals in reporting adverse drug events in the 2013 to 2018 period, with an indication that reports from non-health professionals are on the decline and that from health professionals is on the rise. Non-health professionals and health professionals were almost equally likely to report adverse events in the 2007 to 2012 period. Also, the findings for the 2013 to 2018 period suggest that the older one gets the more vulnerable one becomes to adverse events associated with drug use, which is consistent with the findings for the 2007 to 2012 period. Conclusion: The dangers that come with the use of drugs is an evolving one and therefore there is the need to examine SRS data from time to time so that emerging drug safety concerns can be dealt with timeously.展开更多
Objective In this study,we aimed to determine the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of atezolizumab,identify ADR signals that are significantly related to atezolizumab,and provide a reference for the rational u...Objective In this study,we aimed to determine the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of atezolizumab,identify ADR signals that are significantly related to atezolizumab,and provide a reference for the rational use of atezolizumab in the clinic through the statistical analysis of its adverse drug events(ADEs)reported in the American Food and Drug Administration(FDA)Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database.Methods In total,4796 cases of atezolizumab ADEs reported in the American FAERS database from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The top three ADEs were febrile neutropenia(3.7%),anemia(2.9%),and acute renal failure(2.3%).In addition,the incidence rates of some ADEs were significantly different according to sex and age.The systematic organ classification of atezolizumab ADEs involved 32 systems,among which the top three were blood and lymphatic system disorders(585 cases,12.2%),gastrointestinal disorders(433 cases,9.0%),and infections and infestations(401 cases,8.4%).The reporting odds ratio(ROR)method was used to detect the ADR signals of atezolizumab.The ROR(95%confidence interval)of the top ADE,febrile neutropenia,was 39.236(33.757–45.604).In addition,we found 121 cases of complications associated with immune-related ADEs.Conclusion The ADRs of atezolizumab reported in the FAERS database were consistent with those mentioned in the instructions for atezolizumab use,suggesting that atezolizumab has an acceptable and controllable drug effect.展开更多
目的基于FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据库,挖掘奥瑞利珠单抗的药品不良事件(adverse drug event,ADE)信号,为其临床合理安全使用提供参考。方法利用OpenVigil 2.1工具从FAERS数据库收集奥瑞利珠单抗的不良事件报告,筛选后采用比例报...目的基于FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据库,挖掘奥瑞利珠单抗的药品不良事件(adverse drug event,ADE)信号,为其临床合理安全使用提供参考。方法利用OpenVigil 2.1工具从FAERS数据库收集奥瑞利珠单抗的不良事件报告,筛选后采用比例报告比值法和报告比值比法对ADE信号进行挖掘,统计报告患者的性别、年龄、国别等基本信息,对新的ADE信号进行分析。结果以奥瑞利珠单抗为主要怀疑药物有17081份不良事件报告,女性占比较高(10363例,60.63%);年龄主要集中在40~65岁;上报年份主要集中在2022年和2023年;报告国家以美国和加拿大居多。共挖掘到ADE信号446个,涉及系统器官分类12个,主要集中在血液淋巴系统疾病、全身性疾病及给药部位各种反应、免疫系统疾病、感染及侵染性疾病和各类检查等方面。说明书尚未记录的ADE信号有白蛋白-球蛋白比率增加、脊柱磁共振成像异常、脑深核高信号、无张力膀胱和母体妊娠前暴露。结论所得ADE信号基本与说明书一致,脊柱磁共振成像异常提示脊柱可能存在病变,部分患者有可能因无张力膀胱,出现排尿困难的情况。妊娠期及哺乳期用药的安全性仍需进一步临床观察。展开更多
目的探讨司美格鲁肽致药品不良反应(ADR)的特点,为其临床安全应用提供参考。方法以“司美格鲁肽”“不良反应”等的中英文为检索词,检索PubMed、Web of Science、SpringerLink、中国知网、中华医学期刊全文数据库、万方医学网及维普医...目的探讨司美格鲁肽致药品不良反应(ADR)的特点,为其临床安全应用提供参考。方法以“司美格鲁肽”“不良反应”等的中英文为检索词,检索PubMed、Web of Science、SpringerLink、中国知网、中华医学期刊全文数据库、万方医学网及维普医药信息资源系统,收集司美格鲁肽致ADR的病例报道并进行分析。结果共纳入14篇文献,共计17例患者。17例患者中,女性9例、男性8例,年龄25~80岁;8例患者合并应用2种及2种以上药物;8例患者以0.25 mg为起始剂量;大多ADR(94.12%)发生在用药后6个月内;16例患者经停药和/或对症治疗后均好转或痊愈;11例患者未提及后续是否继续使用司美格鲁肽;9例患者进行了ADR相关性评价,断定为“肯定”“很可能”“可能”“有可能”的分别有1、3、1、4例。司美格鲁肽致ADR可累及多个器官或系统,以消化系统最多(35.29%),其次为皮肤组织(29.41%);其中,急性胃扩张、重度肝损伤、结石性胆囊炎、大疱性类天疱疮、嗜酸性筋膜炎、急性肾损伤、急性间质性肾炎、抑郁症、急性溶血性贫血均为药品说明书未记载的ADR。结论司美格鲁肽所致ADR可发生在各年龄段,以用药后6个月内发生为主,主要累及消化系统、皮肤组织等。临床使用时,应重点加强对肝肾功能不全、神经精神疾病、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症等人群的药学监护,出现相关ADR时应及时停药和/或对症治疗,以保障患者的用药安全。展开更多
目的:评价和分析维泊妥珠单抗上市后的药物不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)信号,为临床安全性管理提供参考。方法:通过开放性OpenVigil数据平台,收集2019年6月10日(美国FDA批准上市时间)至2023年3月31日美国FDA不良事件报告系统(FA...目的:评价和分析维泊妥珠单抗上市后的药物不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)信号,为临床安全性管理提供参考。方法:通过开放性OpenVigil数据平台,收集2019年6月10日(美国FDA批准上市时间)至2023年3月31日美国FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据库中维泊妥珠单抗的ADR报告。采用比例失衡法中的报告比值比(ROR)和比例报告比(PRR)进行信号挖掘。为提高阈值,得到信号较强、较常出现的ADR,将信号进行二次筛选。结果:共检索到维泊妥珠单抗相关ADR报告2408份,经过二次筛选得到83个ADR信号。其中,脊柱磁共振成像异常、骨吸收增加、骨质溶解、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶降低、丙氨酸氨基转移酶降低、低纤维蛋白原血症、肺栓塞等26个ADR信号在药品说明书中未提及。信号数或累积例数较多的系统器官分类包含感染及侵染类疾病(24个信号、632例),各类检查(17个信号、675例),血液及淋巴系统疾病(11个信号、734例),各类神经系统疾病(7个信号、153例),免疫系统疾病(3个信号、95例),全身性疾病及给药部位各种反应(2个信号、145例),代谢及营养类疾病(2个信号、87例)等。结论:除说明书提示的常见ADR外,本研究发现了维泊妥珠单抗新的ADR风险信号。建议临床在关注感染、骨髓抑制、周围神经病、输液相关反应、肝功能异常等已知常见ADR的同时,予以脊柱磁共振成像异常、骨吸收增加等新的风险信号更多关注。展开更多
文摘Objective:To examine the frequency and profile of spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)sent to Ethiopia's pharmacovigilance(PV)database system.Methods:The descriptive and retrospective study analysed spontaneous ADR complaints reported to the PV database by healthcare professionals between 2013 and 2018.Spontaneous ADR reports that reached the PV center and met the minimum reporting criteria were identified and assessed in terms of reporting rate,patient characteristics,type of ADRs,suspected drugs,report sources,and reporters’profession.Results:A total of 657 spontaneous ADR reports were filed to the PV center between 2013 and 2018.During the study period,the reporting pattern of ADRs changed dramatically.The number of reports increased from 2013(n=12)and peaked in 2015(n=205),and then declined from 2016 to 2018(n=144,142 and 65 in 2016,2017 and 2018,respectively).Females had a higher percentage of reported cases(56.3%)than males(43.7%).The highest number of ADRs was reported in the age categories of 15-64 years(475,72.3%),followed by 0-14 years(154,23.4%),and 65 years and above(21,3.2%).Pharmacists reported the majority of ADRs(81.7%),followed by health officers(7.2%),nurses(5.8%),and physicians(5.2%).Skin and subcutaneous tissue abnormalities were the most commonly reported ADRs.The anatomical therapeutic chemicals code class"anti-infective for systemic use"was the most usually suspected medication.Trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole as a combination ADRs was the most commonly reported drug that cause ADRs(14.2%).Conclusions:The number of ADRs reported in Ethiopia was small and unpredictable compared to developed countries,indicating the performance of PV system and level of awareness of health care professionals towards ADR reporting was not satisfactory.In order to increase the frequency of spontaneous reports,more efficient PV methods and public policies must be implemented.
文摘Background: The Spontaneous Reporting System (SRS) of the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) of the United States of America (US), known as the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), is a mechanism for collecting information on safety concerns associated with the use of drugs for redress, as they are used on large scale. The data which is the subject of this paper came from the FAERS database. This paper reports on the analysis of data covering 2013 to 2018 period, but compares the observed trends in the variables during this period with that of the 2007 to 2012 period to ascertain whether the trends change over time;as this paper is, in a sense, a sequel to an earlier one with a similar title as this but covering the period 2007 to 2012. Objectives: The objectives of the study reported in this paper were to: i) explore the trends in the variables involved with the adverse events problem in the 2013 to 2018 period and compare these trends with that found in the study covering the 2007 to 2012 period;ii) determine whether or not the level of missing variable values in the 2013 to 2018 period is lower than, the same or higher than it was in the 2007 to 2012 period;iii) find out how the first twenty principal suspect drugs most cited to be involved in adverse events occurring during drug use in the 2013 to 2018 period compare with that of the 2007 to 2012 period. Methods: The Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) makes extracts from the FAERS database freely available to the public on quarterly basis. Fourteen (14) out of over fifty (50) variables contained in these extracts were reckoned to be connected with the objectives of the study and were examined using the tools of frequencies, proportions and averages, on account of the nature of the data. Results: For the period 2013 to 2018, adverse events reports submitted to the FDA (US) more than doubled (2.1 times), accounting for an annual average growth rate of 15.8 %, which is considerably lower than the annual average growth rate of 22.1% for the 2007 to 2012 period. However, the reported number of cases for 2015 was 53.8% more than that of 2014. Consistent with the results for 2007 to 2012 period, the 2013 to 2018 period saw Female subjects accounting for over 60% of the annual and the overall number of reports. Overall, non-health professionals appear to have a slight edge over health professionals in reporting adverse drug events in the 2013 to 2018 period, with an indication that reports from non-health professionals are on the decline and that from health professionals is on the rise. Non-health professionals and health professionals were almost equally likely to report adverse events in the 2007 to 2012 period. Also, the findings for the 2013 to 2018 period suggest that the older one gets the more vulnerable one becomes to adverse events associated with drug use, which is consistent with the findings for the 2007 to 2012 period. Conclusion: The dangers that come with the use of drugs is an evolving one and therefore there is the need to examine SRS data from time to time so that emerging drug safety concerns can be dealt with timeously.
文摘Objective In this study,we aimed to determine the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)of atezolizumab,identify ADR signals that are significantly related to atezolizumab,and provide a reference for the rational use of atezolizumab in the clinic through the statistical analysis of its adverse drug events(ADEs)reported in the American Food and Drug Administration(FDA)Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database.Methods In total,4796 cases of atezolizumab ADEs reported in the American FAERS database from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The top three ADEs were febrile neutropenia(3.7%),anemia(2.9%),and acute renal failure(2.3%).In addition,the incidence rates of some ADEs were significantly different according to sex and age.The systematic organ classification of atezolizumab ADEs involved 32 systems,among which the top three were blood and lymphatic system disorders(585 cases,12.2%),gastrointestinal disorders(433 cases,9.0%),and infections and infestations(401 cases,8.4%).The reporting odds ratio(ROR)method was used to detect the ADR signals of atezolizumab.The ROR(95%confidence interval)of the top ADE,febrile neutropenia,was 39.236(33.757–45.604).In addition,we found 121 cases of complications associated with immune-related ADEs.Conclusion The ADRs of atezolizumab reported in the FAERS database were consistent with those mentioned in the instructions for atezolizumab use,suggesting that atezolizumab has an acceptable and controllable drug effect.
文摘目的基于FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据库,挖掘奥瑞利珠单抗的药品不良事件(adverse drug event,ADE)信号,为其临床合理安全使用提供参考。方法利用OpenVigil 2.1工具从FAERS数据库收集奥瑞利珠单抗的不良事件报告,筛选后采用比例报告比值法和报告比值比法对ADE信号进行挖掘,统计报告患者的性别、年龄、国别等基本信息,对新的ADE信号进行分析。结果以奥瑞利珠单抗为主要怀疑药物有17081份不良事件报告,女性占比较高(10363例,60.63%);年龄主要集中在40~65岁;上报年份主要集中在2022年和2023年;报告国家以美国和加拿大居多。共挖掘到ADE信号446个,涉及系统器官分类12个,主要集中在血液淋巴系统疾病、全身性疾病及给药部位各种反应、免疫系统疾病、感染及侵染性疾病和各类检查等方面。说明书尚未记录的ADE信号有白蛋白-球蛋白比率增加、脊柱磁共振成像异常、脑深核高信号、无张力膀胱和母体妊娠前暴露。结论所得ADE信号基本与说明书一致,脊柱磁共振成像异常提示脊柱可能存在病变,部分患者有可能因无张力膀胱,出现排尿困难的情况。妊娠期及哺乳期用药的安全性仍需进一步临床观察。
文摘目的探讨司美格鲁肽致药品不良反应(ADR)的特点,为其临床安全应用提供参考。方法以“司美格鲁肽”“不良反应”等的中英文为检索词,检索PubMed、Web of Science、SpringerLink、中国知网、中华医学期刊全文数据库、万方医学网及维普医药信息资源系统,收集司美格鲁肽致ADR的病例报道并进行分析。结果共纳入14篇文献,共计17例患者。17例患者中,女性9例、男性8例,年龄25~80岁;8例患者合并应用2种及2种以上药物;8例患者以0.25 mg为起始剂量;大多ADR(94.12%)发生在用药后6个月内;16例患者经停药和/或对症治疗后均好转或痊愈;11例患者未提及后续是否继续使用司美格鲁肽;9例患者进行了ADR相关性评价,断定为“肯定”“很可能”“可能”“有可能”的分别有1、3、1、4例。司美格鲁肽致ADR可累及多个器官或系统,以消化系统最多(35.29%),其次为皮肤组织(29.41%);其中,急性胃扩张、重度肝损伤、结石性胆囊炎、大疱性类天疱疮、嗜酸性筋膜炎、急性肾损伤、急性间质性肾炎、抑郁症、急性溶血性贫血均为药品说明书未记载的ADR。结论司美格鲁肽所致ADR可发生在各年龄段,以用药后6个月内发生为主,主要累及消化系统、皮肤组织等。临床使用时,应重点加强对肝肾功能不全、神经精神疾病、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症等人群的药学监护,出现相关ADR时应及时停药和/或对症治疗,以保障患者的用药安全。
文摘目的:评价和分析维泊妥珠单抗上市后的药物不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)信号,为临床安全性管理提供参考。方法:通过开放性OpenVigil数据平台,收集2019年6月10日(美国FDA批准上市时间)至2023年3月31日美国FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据库中维泊妥珠单抗的ADR报告。采用比例失衡法中的报告比值比(ROR)和比例报告比(PRR)进行信号挖掘。为提高阈值,得到信号较强、较常出现的ADR,将信号进行二次筛选。结果:共检索到维泊妥珠单抗相关ADR报告2408份,经过二次筛选得到83个ADR信号。其中,脊柱磁共振成像异常、骨吸收增加、骨质溶解、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶降低、丙氨酸氨基转移酶降低、低纤维蛋白原血症、肺栓塞等26个ADR信号在药品说明书中未提及。信号数或累积例数较多的系统器官分类包含感染及侵染类疾病(24个信号、632例),各类检查(17个信号、675例),血液及淋巴系统疾病(11个信号、734例),各类神经系统疾病(7个信号、153例),免疫系统疾病(3个信号、95例),全身性疾病及给药部位各种反应(2个信号、145例),代谢及营养类疾病(2个信号、87例)等。结论:除说明书提示的常见ADR外,本研究发现了维泊妥珠单抗新的ADR风险信号。建议临床在关注感染、骨髓抑制、周围神经病、输液相关反应、肝功能异常等已知常见ADR的同时,予以脊柱磁共振成像异常、骨吸收增加等新的风险信号更多关注。
