Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios alone or combined with prostate-specific antigen for the diagnosis of prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer

Objective:We evaluated whether the blood parameters before prostate biopsy can diagnose prostate cancer(PCa)and clinically significant PCa(Gleason score[GS]7)in our hospital.Methods:This study included patients with increased prostate-specific antigen(PSA)up to 20 ng/mL.The associations of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-tolymphocyte ratio(PLR)alone or with PSA with PCa and clinically significant PCa were analyzed.Results:We included 365 patients,of whom 52.9%(193)had PCa including 66.8%(129)with GS of≥7.PSA density(PSAD)and PSA had better the area under the curve(AUC)of 0.722 and 0.585,respectively with pZ0.001 for detecting PCa compared with other blood parameters.PSA combined with PLR(PsPLR)and PSA with NLR(PsNLR)had better AUC of 0.608 and 0.610,respectively with p<0.05,for diagnosing GS≥7 population,compared with PSA,free/total PSA,NLR,PLR,and PsNPLR(PSA combined with NLR and PLR).NLR and PLR did not predict PCa on multivariate analysis.For GS≥7 cancer detection,in the multivariate analysis,separate models with PSA and NLR(Model 1:PsNLRþbaseline parameters)or PSA and PLR(Moder 2:PsPLRþbaseline parameters)were made.Baseline parameters comprised age,digital rectal exam-positive lesions,PSA density,free/total PSA,and magnetic resonance imaging.Model 2 containing PsPLR was statistically significant(odds ratio:2.862,95% confidence interval:1.174-6.975,p=0.021)in finding aggressive PCa.The predictive accuracy of Model 2 was increased(AUC:0.734,p<0.001)than that when only baseline parameters were used(AUC:0.693,p<0.001).Conclusion:NLR or PLR,either alone or combined with PSA,did not detect PCa.However,the combined use of PSA with PLR could find the differences between clinically significant and insignificant PCa in our retrospective study limited by the small number of samples.

The origin of blood supply for cavernous hemangioma of the liver

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the origin of blood supply to cavernous hemangioma of the liver (CHL). METHODS: To observe the relation of cavernous hemangioma of the liver to the hepatic artery and portal vein, we performed serial selective hepatic arteriography in 22 patients. Five patients after ligation of the right hepatic arteries underwent portography and liver staining by in jection of methylene blue into the portal veins and 2 patients had hepatic specimens resected, which were made into a model cast by filling the hepatic veins (yellow) and portal venous branches (blue) with methyl methacrylate after vascular lavage. RESULTS: Serial selective hepatic arteriography showed that hepatic arteries and hemangioma were displayed simultaneously, and that hemangioma was supplied by one to numerous arterial branches. In the portal phase of portography, contrast medium failed to enter the tumor and the intrahepatic branches of the portal vein were pushed aside by the tumor; in the liver parenchymal phase, however, the tumor appeared to be a low-density area. Hepatic arteriography and portography revealed that the fistula between the artery and portal vein may not be existed. The liver stained with methylene blue showed that the normal hepatic parenchyma could be stained with deep blue; in contrast, the tumor was not stained at all. The casting specimens showed that the eroded tumor left a round vacant area because of its total shedding, and no blue stained branches of the portal vein extended into the tumor. CONCLUSION: Blood supply of CHL may originate from the hepatic artery.

Liver blood supply after a modified Appleby procedure in classical and aberrant arterial anatomy

Reported here are two cases of a modified Appleby operation for borderline resectable ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic body, in one of which a R0 distal resection was attended to by excision, not only of the celiac axis, but also of the common and left hepatic arteries in the presence of arterial anatomic variation Michels, type Ⅷb. The possibility and avenues of the maintenance of the blood supply to the left hepatic lobe after surgical aggression of this kind are demonstrated employing computed tomography (CT) and 3-D CT angiography. Furthermore, both cases highlight all important worrisome aspects of pancreatic cancer resectability prediction.

Source of blood supply of liver cavernous hemangioma and sclerosis and embolization treatment

AIM To investigate the source of blood supply of carvenous hemangioma of liver (CHL) and provide a feasibile treatment for CHL via hepatic artery. METHODS Ⅰ. Origin of blood supply of CHL: portovenography, hepatic arteriography and portal vein staining were performed in 5 patients. Two casts of hepatic blood vessels from resected specimen were observed. Ⅱ. Clinical data: Among 75 patients (30 males, 45 females, aged 25～57 years with a mean of 37 4). 56 were of solitary type (44 on the right lobe, 12 on the left with 4 having intraparenchymatoma) and 19 were of multiple type (9 on the right, 2 the left, 8 whole liver). Twenty two patients were treated by sclerosis, 50 by embolization via hepatic artery and 3 were excised. RESULTS In 5 cases with portography, the contrast medium did not enter the tumor, the tumor appeared as low denty area and the intrahepatic branches of portal vein were pushed aside. In 5 cases with portal vein staining, the normal liver parenchyma was stained deep blue, and the tumor was not stained. The tumor area appeared as a round vacant cavity in 2 specimen casts. In 72 patients treated with sclerosis a or embolization via hepatic artery or through interventional method, the tumors diminished by 10%～30% in diameter and no tumors grew larger. CONCLUSION The blood supply of CHL originates from the hepatic artery. Tumors treated with sclerosis and emblization decreased in size or got fiberized.

Effect of warm bladder irrigation fluid for benign prostatic hyperplasia patients on perioperative hypothermia, blood loss and shiver: A meta-analysis

Objective:To find out whether warm bladder irrigation fluid can decrease the occurrence of perioperative hypothermia,blood loss and shiver in patients treated with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Method:A comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis that included randomized controlled trials(RCTs)related to temperature of irrigation fluid in the perioperative treatment for BPH was taken by researchers.The relevant literature were searched in Chinese database,such as Retrieval Chinese Journal Full-text Database,VIP Journal Database,Wanfang database,as well as in English search engine and database,including Embase,Cochrane and Medline till January 2018.The study quality was assessed by recommended standards from Cochrane Handbook(version 5.1.0).Results:A total of 28 RCTs and 3858 patients were included.The results showed that the incidences of shiver(risk ratio[RR]Z 0.32,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.28e0.36,p<0.001,I^2 Z 0%)and hypothermia(RR Z 0.36,95%CI:0.21e0.59,p<0.001,I^2 Z 67%)in the group of warm irrigation fluid were lower than the group having room-temperature fluid.Room-temperature irrigation fluid group caused a greater drop in body temperature compared to warm irrigation fluid group(p<0.001,I^2 Z 96%).We performed a narrative descriptive statistics only because of substantial heterogeneity.Conclusions:Warm bladder irrigation fluid can decrease the drop of body temperature and the incidence of hypothermia and shiver during and after the operation for BPH.Warm irrigation fluid should be considered as a standard practice in BPH surgeries.

Applied anatomical study of the vascularized ulnar nerve and its blood supply for cubital tunnel syndrome at the elbow region

Cubital tunnel syndrome is often accompanied by paresthesia in ulnar nerve sites and hand muscle atrophy. When muscle weakness occurs, or after failure of more conservative treatments, anterior transposition is used. In the present study, the ulnar nerve and its blood vessels were examined in the elbows of 18 adult cadavers, and the external diameter of the nutrient vessels of the ulnar nerve at the point of origin, the distances between the origin of the vessels and the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and the length of the vessels accompanying the ulnar nerve in the superior ulnar collateral artery, the inferior ulnar collateral artery, and the posterior ulnar recurrent artery were measured. Anterior transposition of the vascularized ulnar nerve was per- formed to treat cubital tunnel syndrome. The most appropriate distance that the vascularized ulnar nerve can be moved to the subcutaneous tissue under tension-free conditions was 1.8 ± 0.6 cm （1.1-2.5 cm）, which can be used as a reference value during the treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome with anterior transposition of the vascularized ulnar nerve.

Robotic assisted laparoscopic simple suprapubic prostatectomy--The Smith Institute for Urology experience with an evolving technique

Objective:Despite a multitude of minimally invasive surgical options available for benign prostatic enlargement,open simple prostatectomy(OSP)remains the standard for large prostates(typically greater than 100 g).OSP,however,is associated with significant morbidity.Recently,a few reports touting robotic application to simple prostatectomy have been published.Herein,we reviewed our series of robotic assisted laparoscopic simple suprapubic prostatectomy(RALSSP)and detailed modifications in our technique as our experience increased.Methods:All RALSSP cases performed between January 2013 and January 2014 were reviewed for demographics,pre-operative features,and perioperative outcomes.All parameters were tabulated and mean values were calculated.Student’s t-test was utilized with p<0.05 deemed significant.Details regarding surgical technique were reviewed and highlighted.Results:Fifteen patients underwent RALSSP during this period.Mean age of these men was 68.7 years.Mean body mass index(BMI)was 28.5 kg/m^2.American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)score was on average 2.6.Average International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)was 16.2 with the majority of men experiencing some adverse clinical sequela of such benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).For those patients not in retention,preoperative post-void residual(PVR)was 428 mL.All patients underwent successful RALSSP without need for conversion or need for blood transfusion.Mean estimated blood loss(EBL)was 290 mL.Five patients underwent other concurrent procedures(e.g.,cystolithotomy).Mean length of hospital stay(LOS)was 2.4 days and only five patients required continuous bladder irrigation(CBI)postoperatively.Postoperative PVR improved to a mean of 33 mL and IPSS improved to 4.5(p<0.001).No major complications were identified.Adaptation of low transverse cystotomy,utilization of a robotic tenaculum in the#3 arm with its control by a surgeon on a second console,and the utilization of mucosal advancement have all subjectively aided in performance of RALSSP and perioperative outcomes.Conclusion:RALSSP allows for feasible performance of prostate adenoma enucleation with low risk of blood transfusion,short LOS,and significant improvement in IPSS and PVR;all while maintaining a minimally invasive approach.The use of a robotic tenaculum controlled by the secondary console and the mucosal advancement facilitate excellent outcomes and may play a role in minimizing hematuria and need for CBI.

INVESTIGATION OF BLOOD SUPPLY OF BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA DERIVING FROM PULMONARY ARTERY

Microfil perfusion technique was used to investigate the blood supply of bronchogenic carcinoma deriving from pulmonary artery on 20 fresh specimens of lung cancer, including 11 squamous carcinoma, 6adenocarcinoma, 1 alveolar cell carcinoma and 2undifferentiated carcinoma cases. The results showed that the appearance and quantity of pulmonary blood supply of bronchogenic carcinoma depended on and changed with the site, activity,growth mode as well as the local condition of tumor nodules; pulmonary artery supplied blood to the Periphery of the tumor and its iunermost part as well; vessels from pulmonary artery in tumor nodules were generally less in number than those in the surrounding normal lung tissues around. The results suggested that the tumor blood supply from pulmonary artery should he evaluated comprehensively and dynamically; during interventional chemotherapy via pulmonary artery, patients should bc selected carefully and the catheter for infusion placed in suitable position so as to gain the best therapeutic effect.

Environmental Exposure to Lead as a Risk for Prostate Cancer

Objective To evaluate the possible role of environmental exposure to lead as a risk factor for prostate pathology in patients suffering from prostate cancer (PCA) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Methods Blood lead (BPb) level was determined in PCA and BPH cases using a graphite furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and compared with those in a control group living in the similar socioeconomic environment. Results BPb was significantly higher in PCA and BPH cases than in normals (P<0.05). Blood levels of zinc and copper were significantly lower in PCA and BPH cases when compared with controls (P<0.05). In all the three groups, a statistically significant positive correlation between lead and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TEARS) measured as malondialdehyde, and negative correlation between blood lead and antioxidant GSH level, indicative of possible generation of reactive oxygen species, were also observed after adjusting for age as a possible confounders. However, positive association between blood lead and TEARS was relatively higher in PCA patients (r=0.77, P<0.05) than in BPH (r=0.32, P<0.05) and normal (r=0.30, P<0.05). Conclusion These results with limited power seem to suggest for the first time that environmental exposure of aging males to lead may be a risk factor for prostate cancer and/or benign prostate hyperplasia possibly through generation of reactive oxygen species and/or reducing the level of zinc which acts as a cellular growth protector.

Analysis of causal relationship between blood metabolites and prostate cancer by two-sample Mendelian randomization

Objective:To investigate the causal relationship between blood metabolite levels and the occurrence of prostate cancer by using two-sample Mendelian randomization method.Methods:Pooled data from public databases for genome-wide association analyses of blood metabolites and prostate cancer were selected,and inverse variance weighting(IVW)was used as the primary method for estimating the causal effects,while heterogeneity tests,gene multiplicity tests and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the stability and reliability of the results.Results:A total of six known metabolites were found to potentially increase the risk of prostate cancer development(P<0.05),namely fructose,allantoin,5-hydroxytryptophan,potassium ketoisocaproate,glycyltryptophan,and 1-heptadecanoyl-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine,with no heterogeneity or genetic pleiotropy found.Conclusion:Six known blood metabolites may be potential risk factors for prostate cancer development in European populations.

质量管理在血站采供血工作中的应用

目的 分析在血站采供血工作中质量管理的应用价值。方法 选取2021年7月—2022年7月在济宁市中心血站献血的70名献血者和11名护理工作人员,均实施质量管理,纳入研究组;另选择2020年5月—2021年5月在血站献血的70名献血者和11名护理工作人员,实施常规管理,纳入对照组。对比和分析工作管理效果。结果 研究组工作管理质量(设备维修保养、责任心、消毒工作质量、环境质量)各项评分高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组献血者总满意度为97.14%,高于对照组的81.43%(P<0.05);研究组一次穿刺成功率、采血质量达标率、健康教育覆盖率分别为92.86%、98.57%、100%,高于对照组的72.86%、85.71%、90.00%,研究组工作差错率为2.86%,低于对照组的17.14%(P<0.05)。结论 在血站采供血工作中质量管理应用价值较高,在工作管理质量、献血者满意度、一次穿刺成功率、采血质量达标率、工作差错率、健康教育覆盖率方面优势明显。

我国采供血机构双轨用工的问题与对策研究

目的 探析采供血机构双轨用工的问题,为优化人力资源管理提供对策建议。方法 运用专用调查表,对全国229家采供血机构进行调研,统计编制与非编制人员的数量、流动量等信息,并使用T检验进行差异性分析。结果 全国采供血机构普遍存在编制配比变动迟滞、人员新进量存在差异、自因型人员流失量差异明显、薪酬管理体系复杂且多样化的问题。结论 加强对双轨用工所带来的管理复杂性的认识,规划人员编制标准的动态机制,创新编制内外人员管理,优化人员配置结构。

不同针灸介入时机对大脑中动脉供血区急性脑梗死神经功能预后的影响

目的观察不同针灸介入时机对大脑中动脉供血区急性脑梗死神经功能预后的影响。方法回顾性选取2020年1月—2022年8月收治的116例大脑中动脉供血区急性脑梗死患者的临床资料进行分析,根据针灸介入时机分为两组。两组均进行静脉溶栓及常规药物治疗,观察组61例患者于发病72 h内给予针灸治疗,对照组55例患者于发病2周时给予针灸治疗。检测两组不同时间点侧支循环代偿情况、脑损伤标志物的水平,评估两组不同时间点简易精神状态检查(Mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评分、神经功能评分、Barthel指数(Barthel index,BI)评分、肢体运动功能评分、中医症状评分的差异,统计两组疗效。结果治疗前,两组侧支循环代偿情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗4周和随访时,两组患侧大脑前动脉平均血流速度与对侧大脑中动脉平均血流速度的比值(Ratio of the average flow ve⁃locity of the affected anterior cerebral artery to the average flow velocity of the contralateral middle cerebral artery,iVACA/cVM⁃CA)较治疗前升高,观察组同时间点较对照组更高(P<0.05);两组患侧大脑后动脉平均血流速度与对侧大脑中动脉平均血流速度的比值(Ratio of the average flow velocity of the affected posterior cerebral artery to the average flow velocity of the contralateral middle cerebral artery,iVPCA/cVMCA)与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组脑损伤标志物比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗4周和随访时,两组脑源性神经营养因子(Brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)较治疗前升高,观察组同时间点较对照组更高(P<0.05);两组钙结合蛋白β(Calcium binding proteinβ,S100β)、神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(Glial fibrillary acid protein,GFAP)较治疗前下降,观察组同时间点较对照组更低(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组Fugl-Meyer评分、中医症状评分等相关评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗4周和随访时,两组MMSE评分、BI评分及上肢和下肢Fugl-Meyer评分较治疗前升高,观察组同时间点较对照组更高(P<0.05);两组美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损(National institutes of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、中医症状评分较治疗前下降,观察组同时间点较对照组更低(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率为88.52%(54/61)高于对照组的72.73%(40/55),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论发病72h内采用针灸治疗可改善大脑中动脉供血区急性脑梗死脑损伤标志物的表达,改善脑血流,促进神经功能的恢复,有利于疾病的康复。

针刺配合拔罐疗法对肾虚血瘀型慢性非细菌性前列腺炎患者中医症候积分及排尿情况的影响

目的分析针刺配合拔罐疗法对肾虚血瘀型慢性非细菌性前列腺炎患者中医症候积分及排尿情况的影响。方法选取2022年5月至2023年5月于我院就诊的90例肾虚血瘀型慢性非细菌性前列腺炎患者,采用随机对照法将其分为参照组(45例)与研究组(45例)。参照组患者采用复方玄驹胶囊治疗,研究组患者在参照组的基础上增加针刺配合拔罐治疗,对比两组患者中医症候积分及排尿情况。结果治疗4周后,研究组患者中医症候积分低于参照组(P<0.05);治疗4周后,研究组患者NIH-CPSI评分低于参照组(P<0.05);治疗4周后,研究组的Qmax、Qavg均高于参照组(P<0.05);研究组的不良反应率低于参照组(P<0.05)。结论采用针刺配合拔罐疗法治疗肾虚血瘀型慢性非细菌性前列腺炎效果显著,患者临床症状及排尿情况显著改善,建议临床推广应用。

山东省血站血液质量监测指标体系的构建

目的构建山东省血站血液质量监测指标体系,以期持续提升血液质量和标准化管理。方法通过文献、标准等检索,结合采供血实际工作,以采供血业务过程关键控制点为导向,拟定血液质量监测指标体系。经2轮德尔菲法专家征询和论证,运用主观加权和层次分析法分析各指标权重,又经6个月的试行,完成对指标内容的修订和完善。结果构建了覆盖采供血全过程的血液质量监测指标体系,包括一级指标5项,分别为献血服务、成分制备、血液检测、血液供应和质量控制;二级指标72项,包含指标含义、计算公式等。2轮专家征询意见和2轮论证会议,修订指标17项,并通过主观加权和层次分析法获得指标权重,经试行的局部微调,形成了血液质量监测指标体系。结论首次构建覆盖采供血业务全过程的血液质量监测指标体系,可有效评价血站质量管理水平,为打造山东省血液质量管理“一盘棋”发展模式、提升标准化管理水平奠定基础。

大黄虫丸联合普乐安片治疗肾虚血瘀型慢性前列腺炎临床研究

目的:观察大黄?虫丸联合普乐安片治疗肾虚血瘀型慢性前列腺炎(CP)的临床疗效及对患者卵磷脂小体、性生活质量的影响。方法:选取141例肾虚血瘀型CP患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组71例和对照组70例。观察组采用大黄?虫丸联合普乐安片治疗,对照组仅口服普乐安片治疗。比较2组临床疗效、中医证候评分、尿常规指标、卵磷脂小体数目及性生活质量[勃起功能国际指数问卷-5 (IIEF-5)]评分。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率为85.92%,对照组为70.00%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组畏寒肢冷、腰膝酸软、会阴疼痛、小腹疼痛、腰骶疼痛、股内侧疼痛、尿后滴沥、精神萎靡、阳痿早泄等中医证候评分及总分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组上述各项评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组尿红细胞、尿白细胞、尿酸碱度及尿比重均较治疗前改善(P<0.05),且观察组上述各项指标改善较对照组更显著(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组卵磷脂小体数目较治疗前及对照组明显增加(P<0.05);对照组卵磷脂小体数目治疗前后比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组IIEF-5量表中各维度评分及总分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且观察组上述各维度评分及总分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:大黄?虫丸联合普乐安片治疗肾虚血瘀型CP,可改善患者中医证候及尿常规指标,有效提高卵磷脂小体数目及性生活质量,临床疗效显著。

山东省血站献血服务、成分制备及血液供应过程质量监测指标体系的应用

目的建立有效的献血服务、成分制备及血液供应过程质量指标监测体系,客观地评价血液采集、制备和供应过程的质量控制水平,促进血站采供血过程的持续优化和标准化管理。方法建立覆盖采供血全过程的献血服务、成分制备、血液检测、血液供应和质量控制的质量监测指标体系,向山东省17家血站发放《采供血过程质量监测指标统计表》,明确指标定义和计算公式,收集各血站2022年1—12月质量监测指标数据,利用SPSS25.0软件对其中的献血服务(10个)、成分制备(7个)和血液供应(4个)3个方面21个质量监测指标数据进行统计学分析,并比较了不同规模血站质量监测指标的差异。结果17家血站献血服务过程质量监测指标平均值分别为:定期献血者比例44.66%(2233/5000)、献血不良反应发生率0.22%(11/50)、非标量全血采集率0.46%(23/5000)、HBsAg初筛漏检率0.052%(13/25000)、血液采集一针率99.42%(4971/5000)、双份单采血小板采集率86.49%(173/200)、400 mL全血采集率66.50%(133/200)、献血者满意度99.25%(397/400)、带旁路留样系统全血采集袋使用率82.68%(2067/2500)、血液采集职业暴露发生数1例;定期献血者比例和400 mL全血采集率具有较强的正相关(P<0.05);大型血站双份单采血小板采集率、献血不良反应发生率和非标量全血采集率显著低于中、小型血站(P<0.05)。17家血站成分制备过程质量监测指标平均值分别为:血液成分制备血袋破损率0.03%(3/10000)、乳糜血报废率3.05%(61/2000)、溶血报废率0.13%(13/10000)、贴签错误发生数0.06件、血液导管渗漏数8袋、血液穿刺/接驳渗漏数2.76袋、耗材不合格数0.59件;大型血站溶血报废率显著低于中型和小型血站(P<0.05)、大型和中型血站乳糜血报废率显著低于小型血站(P<0.05)。17家血站血液供应过程质量监测指标平均值分别为:血液制剂过期报废率0.023%(23/100000)、血液制剂储存发放破损率0.009%(9/100000)、退血报废率0.106%(53/50000)、用血医院服务满意度99.16%(2479/2500)。不同血站之间血液制剂储存发放破损率与血液成分制备血袋破损率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在大、中和小型血站之间定期献血者比例、献血不良反应发生率、非标量全血采集率、400 mL全血采集率、双份单采血小板采集率,血液成分制备血袋破损率、乳糜血报废率、溶血报废率、血液制剂过期报废率、血液制剂储存发放破损率和退血报废率的差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论山东省血站献血服务、成分制备及血液供应过程质量监测指标体系的建立具有较好的适用性、可行性和有效性,能够客观评价血站采供血过程质量管理水平,推进全省血液管理同质化和标准化发展,为今后开展血站综合评价奠定基础。

新冠肺炎疫情对国内25家地级市中心血站全血制备成分血的供应影响分析

目的分析2017—2022年国内25家地市级中心血站全血制备的成分血供应情况是否受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响。方法采用回顾性研究方法,收集2017—2022年国内25家中心血站红细胞成分血、冰冻血浆、冷沉淀凝血因子、病原体灭活冰冻血浆、调剂红细胞成分血和冰冻血浆的发放数据,根据新冠疫情发生时间(2019年底),将发放数据分为两组,2017年、2018年、2019年为非新冠疫情组(简称非疫情组),2020年、2021年、2022年为新冠疫情组(简称疫情组)。结果2017—2022年,红细胞成分血发放量呈波动增长,2022年>2021年>2019年>2020年>2018年>2017年,2020年较2019年下降19724.12 U,呈负增长(–1.43%),与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05);冰冻血浆发放量呈逐年递增,2022年>2021年>2020年>2019年>2018年>2017年,与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05);冷沉淀凝血因子发放量基本呈逐年递增,2021年>2022年>2020年>2019年>2018年>2017年,2022年较2021年下降6303.72 U,呈负增长(–1.54%),与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05)。2020—2022年,病原体灭活冰冻血浆发放量呈波动增长;年度同比增长率2021年呈负增长,2022年呈正增长;调剂红细胞成分血发放量呈逐年递减,年度同比增长率呈负增长;调剂冰冻血浆发放量呈逐年递减,年度同比增长率呈负增长。结论国内25家中心血站全血制备成分血的供应情况地区差异大,受新冠疫情的影响程度亦不同,总体上对2020年的供应能力影响最显著,血液调剂是新冠疫情期间保证血液供应的措施之一。

基于“脑-心-肾-精室”轴用药观探讨芎戟方治疗慢性前列腺炎

慢性前列腺炎的发生是肾虚为本,瘀血夹杂多种病理因素累及精室的过程,可表现为肾虚血瘀证。结合“脑-心-肾-精室”轴用药观,应用芎戟方治疗本病,因其以“整体与局部同治”为指导,补肾阳而助一身之阳,着眼于脑、心、肾整体,兼顾活血化瘀等恢复精室局部功用。本文通过探讨肾虚血瘀型慢性前列腺炎的中医病因病机,引出“脑-心-肾-精室”轴用药思路的重要意义,并据此探讨芎戟方的具体方义及相关临证经验,以期为临床应用提供参考。

突发公共卫生事件下献血者应急招募方案的建立及应用分析

目的建立和完善突发公共卫生事件下献血者应急招募方案并验证其成效。方法制定平时、急时、平急结合三种状态下的献血者招募策略,并根据需要有层次启动献血者应急招募方案。将2017—2019年新型冠状肺炎疫情发生前血液采集数据作为对组照,以2020—2022年新型冠状肺炎疫情发生后血液采集数据作为实践组,对血液采供关键指标进行统计分析,确认该应急招募方案的可行性及有效性。结果突发公共卫生事件下应用这套献血者应急招募方案,实践组较对照组全血采集量同比增长14.11%(73647.25/521855.5),血小板采集量同比增长42.33%(28891.47/68250.95),初次献血者同比增长0.33%(529/161033),重复献血者同比增长33.25%(3154/9487),400 mL献血人数增长16.78%(32585/194149),各型红细胞血液库存量始终保持在6~18 d。应急招募方案实施后,献血人群呈现年轻化、本地化、重复性、大专以上学历增多等特征和趋势。结论突发公共卫生事件下无偿献血者应急招募方案可行且有效,能迅速有效提升血液招募采集能力。