[Objectives]To investigate the acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract on mice,determine its safety range,and evaluate its hepatoprotective effect.[Methods]The median lethal do...[Objectives]To investigate the acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract on mice,determine its safety range,and evaluate its hepatoprotective effect.[Methods]The median lethal dose(LD_(50))was determined by acute toxicity test with the toxic reaction and mortality of mice as indexes.Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal control group,model group(ConA-induced liver injury model),Jinchuan formula plum wine high,medium and low dose groups(1.0,0.5,0.25 g/kg)and silybin group(0.1 g/kg).The levels of ALT,AST,LDH in serum and TG,VLDL in liver were measured.After HE staining,the pathological changes of liver tissue in mice were observed,and the liver protective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract was analyzed and evaluated.[Results]LD_(50)was 11.18 g/kg,and the 95%confidence limit of LD_(50)was 10.31-12.05 g/kg.The high-dose group of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract could significantly reduce the serum ALT and AST activities of ConA-induced liver injury mice(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jinchuan formula plum wine extract is relatively safe,and also has a protective effect on liver injury.展开更多
In this work,a facile and sensitive colorimetric detection method was firstly reported for RNase A activity detection based on target regulated protection effect of chimeric DNA probe on the salt-induced aggregation o...In this work,a facile and sensitive colorimetric detection method was firstly reported for RNase A activity detection based on target regulated protection effect of chimeric DNA probe on the salt-induced aggregation of plasmonic gold nanoparticles.Compared with previous works of RNase A activity detection,this colorimetric assay integrated the advantages of sensitive,low cost,facile operation,rapid response and low biological toxicity.展开更多
This paper analyzes the control mechanism of coal and gas outbursts and proposes the concept of an effective pressure relief protection range, based on the stress relief of the underlying coal-rock mass and the develo...This paper analyzes the control mechanism of coal and gas outbursts and proposes the concept of an effective pressure relief protection range, based on the stress relief of the underlying coal-rock mass and the development of a plastic zone. Also this study developed a stress change and fracture development model of the underlying coal-rock mass. In addition, the stress and depth of fracture of any point in the floor were deduced with the application of Maple Calculation Software. The specific engineering parameters of the Pingdingshan No. 12 colliery were applied to determine the relationship between the depth of fracture in the floor and the mining height. The pressure-relief principle of the underlying coal-rock mass was analyzed while varying the mining height of the upper protective seam. The findings indicate that as the depth of fracture in the floor increases, the underlying coal-rock mass experiences a limited amount of pressure relief, and the pressure relief protection range becomes narrower.Additionally, the stress distribution evolves from a ‘‘U" shape into a ‘‘V" shape. A 2.0 m mining height of protective seam situates the outburst-prone seam, Ji_(15), within the effective pressure relief protection range. The fracture development and stress-relief ratio rises to 88%, ensuring the pressure-relief effect as well as economic benefits. The measurement data show that: after mining the upper protective seam, the gas pressure of Ji_(15) dropped from 1.78 to 0.35 MPa, demonstrating agreement between the engineering application and the theoretical calculation.展开更多
Reactive oxygen species(ROS)-induced oxidative damage is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of chronic diseases,and natural antioxidant peptides have good abilities of scavenging ROS.The antioxidant activity of...Reactive oxygen species(ROS)-induced oxidative damage is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of chronic diseases,and natural antioxidant peptides have good abilities of scavenging ROS.The antioxidant activity of peptide Lys-Ser-Pro-Leu-Tyr(KSPLY)derived from Hericium erinaceus remains unclear.In the present study,the antioxidant effect and mechanism of KSPLY on H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells were investigated.The results indicated that KSPLY exhibited the antioxidant capacity in H_(2)O_(2)-induced HepG2 cells by enhancing superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and catalase(CAT)activities.In comparison with the H_(2)O_(2)-treated damage group,the apoptosis rate,ROS level,and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of HepG2 cells treated with KSPLY were significantly decreased.The H.erinaceus-derived peptide KSPLY pretreatment promoted the expression of detoxification and antioxidant enzymes via the Keap1/Nrf2 signal pathway,thereby inhibiting the generation of ROS and MDA.In conclusion,the H.erinaceus-derived peptide KSPLY effectively protected HepG2 cells against H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage,and it provided a theoretical basis for the further development of new natural antioxidants.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the protective effect of ethanol extract from sweet potato leaves on liver injury induced by CCl_(4)in mice.[Methods]25 ICR mice were randomly divided into blank group,model group,high-dose ...[Objectives]To investigate the protective effect of ethanol extract from sweet potato leaves on liver injury induced by CCl_(4)in mice.[Methods]25 ICR mice were randomly divided into blank group,model group,high-dose extract group(200 mg/kg),low-dose extract group(100 mg/kg)and positive control group(2 mg/kg colchicine),with 5 mice in each group.All groups except the blank group were given intraperitoneal injection of 20%CCl 4 olive oil solution(2 mL/kg),and the blank group was given the same dose of olive oil solution three times a week.After 4 weeks,each administration group was given the corresponding dose of drugs(10 mL/kg),and the blank group and model group were given the corresponding amount of normal saline for 2 weeks.After the last intragastric administration,fasting was required,but water was allowed,blood was taken from eyeballs,and upper serum was taken by static centrifugation.Serum AST,ALT,CRP,IL-6 and SOD levels were detected by the kit.[Results]Compared with the blank group,the serum AST and ALT levels in the model group were significantly increased;compared with the model group,the ethanol extract of sweet potato leaves could decrease the levels of ALT,AST,CRP,IL-6 and increase the level of SOD in serum.[Conclusions]The ethanol extract of sweet potato leaves had protective effect on the mice with liver injury induced by CCl_(4),and its mechanism may be to protect the liver by lowering enzymes,inhibiting inflammation and antioxidant stress.展开更多
Objective:The study was to explore the effect of evidence-based management in occupational protection for nurses who perform chemotherapy.Methods:40 chemotherapy nurses were selected,20 of them were included in the ex...Objective:The study was to explore the effect of evidence-based management in occupational protection for nurses who perform chemotherapy.Methods:40 chemotherapy nurses were selected,20 of them were included in the experimental group for evidence-based management,and the other 20 were included in the control group for routine management.Results:Compared with the control group,there were significantly fewer adverse nursing events in the experimental group,and P<0.05.Conclusion:The effect of evidence-based management in occupational protection of nurses who perform chemotherapy is significant.展开更多
The seedling hydroponic culture experiment of kidney bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) and corn ( Zea mays ) was conducted to investigate the alleviation effect of lanthanum on Cd stress. It is found that growth is seri...The seedling hydroponic culture experiment of kidney bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) and corn ( Zea mays ) was conducted to investigate the alleviation effect of lanthanum on Cd stress. It is found that growth is seriously inhibited and metabolism is maladjusted in the two crops under 30 and 300 μmol·L^-1 Cd^2+ stress. Plant height, taproot length, leaf area, and fresh or dry weight of root, stem, and leaf are all obviously decreased. Further, chlorophyll content decreases, membrane permeability, malonydialdehyde (MDA) content, activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) increases under Cd stress, as compared with the control. The damage to these two crops becomes more conspicuous with the prolongation of Cd stress. It is suggested that lanthanum might help kidney bean and corn seedlings alleviate Cd stress by improving the photosynthetic capacity, reducing membrane permeability and MDA content, and maintaining the activities of CAT and POD of these two crops.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The majority of studies addressing spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI) have focused on drugs, proteins, cytokines, and various surgical techniques. A recent study reports that human umbilica...BACKGROUND: The majority of studies addressing spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI) have focused on drugs, proteins, cytokines, and various surgical techniques. A recent study reports that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) transplantation achieves good therapeutic effects, but the mechanisms underlying nerve protection remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To observe survival of transplanted hUCMSCs in SCIRI rat models and the influence on motor function in the hind limbs, to determine interleukin-8 expression and cellular apoptosis in spinal cord tissues, and to verify the hypothesis that hUCMSC transplantation exhibits protective effects on SCIRI. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of the Department of Orthopedics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China between January 2007 and December 2008. MATERIALS: hUCMSCs were harvested from umbilical cord blood of healthy pregnant women after parturition in the Obstetrical Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China. Rabbit anti-human BrdU monoclonal antibody was provided by DAKO, USA. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) Kit and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit were purchased by Wuhan Boster, China. METHODS: A total of 72 healthy, Wistar, adult rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham-surgery, model, and transplantation, with 24 rats in each group. SCIRI was induced in the model and transplantation groups via the abdominal aorta block method. The infrarenal abdominal aorta was not blocked in the sham-surgery group. Prior to abdominal aorta occlusion, 0.2 03 mL bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-Iabeled hUCMSCs suspension (cell concentration 5 × 10 3/uL) was injected through the great saphenous vein of the hind limb, and an equal volume of physiological saline was administered to the model and sham-surgery groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pathological observation of rat spinal cord tissues was performed by hematoxylin-eosin staining at 6, 24, and 48 hours post-surgery. Immunohistochemistry was applied to determine hUCMSCs survival in the spinal cord. The amount of cellular apoptosis and interleukin-8 expression in spinal cord tissues was assayed utilizing the TUNEL and ELISA methods, respectively. Motor function in the hind limbs was evaluated according to Jacob's score. RESULTS: Numerous BrdU-positive cells were observed in spinal cord tissues from the transplantation group. The number of apoptotic cells and interleukin-8 levels significantly decreased in the transplantation group (P 〈 0.05), pathological injury was significantly ameliorated, and motor function scores significantly increased (P 〈 0.05) compared with the model group. CONCLUSION: Via vein transplantation, hUCMSCs were shown to reach and survive in the injury area. Results suggested that the transplanted hUCMSCs contributed to significantly improved pathological changes in the injured spinal cord, as well as motor function, following SCIRI. The protective mechanism correlated with inhibition of cellular apoptosis and reduced production of inflammatory mediators.展开更多
The protective effect of DDB against carcinogen-induced DNA damage was examined in the present investigation. Preincubation of rat liver nuclei with DDB (1 mmol.L-1) resulted in 60% inhibition of binding of 3H-benzo (...The protective effect of DDB against carcinogen-induced DNA damage was examined in the present investigation. Preincubation of rat liver nuclei with DDB (1 mmol.L-1) resulted in 60% inhibition of binding of 3H-benzo (a) pyrene to nuclear DNA. Unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) induced by aflatoxin BI (10^(-7) mol.L-1) in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes was also inhibited by DDB (10^(-6)-10^(-3)mol.L-1). Oral administration of DDB at 200 mg.kg-1 once daily for 3 d induced a significant increase of liver cytosol glutathione-S-transferase and microsomal UDPG-transferase activity in mice. These results indicate that DDB is able to directly or indirectly antagonize certain carcinogen-induced DNA damages.展开更多
This study aims to observe the protective effects of ginsenoside Rbl on liver and lung in rats with septic shock and reveal its mechanism. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham, cecal ligation and punctu...This study aims to observe the protective effects of ginsenoside Rbl on liver and lung in rats with septic shock and reveal its mechanism. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP with ginsenoside Rb1. Then, the survival rate, arterial blood pressure, TLR4 mRNA, and TNF-α levels were determined. The liver and lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The overall survival rate of the Rb1 group was significantly higher than that of the CLP group. Mean arterial blood pressure went down in both the CLP and Rb1 groups after CLP, and there was a significant difference both in the sham and Rb1 groups when compared with the CLP group. The Rb1 treatment group had markedly lower TLR4 mRNA expression and TNF-a levels than the CLP group. In the CLP group, pathology showed swelling, degeneration, necrosis, and neutrophii infiltration in the liver and alveolar epithelial cells. However, in the Rb1 group, there was mild degeneration and slight neutrophil infiltration, but no obvious necrosis. Rb1 may improve the survival rate, ameliorate arterial blood pressure, and protect the liver and lung in septic shock rats by downregulating the expression of TLR4 mRNA and inhibiting the production of TNF-α.展开更多
Radiation encephalopathy is the main complication of cranial radiotherapy. It can cause necrosis of brain tissue and cognitive dysfunction. Our previous work had proved that a natural antioxidant shikonin possessed pr...Radiation encephalopathy is the main complication of cranial radiotherapy. It can cause necrosis of brain tissue and cognitive dysfunction. Our previous work had proved that a natural antioxidant shikonin possessed protective effect on cerebral ischemic injury. Here we investigated the effects of shikonin on carbon ion beam induced radiation brain injury in mice. Pretreatment with shikonin significantly increased the SOD and CAT activities and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in mouse brain tissues compared with irradiated group (P〈0.01), while obviously reduced the MDA and PCO contents and the RO$ levels derived from of the brain mitochondria.展开更多
Protective effects of calcium antagonists, chlorpromazine (CPZ) and nimodepine (NI-MO), on cadmium-induced toxicity were investigated. After giving CdCl2 (0. 44mg Cd/kg,ip), CPZ (5mg/kg, ip) or NIMO (8mg/kg, po) were ...Protective effects of calcium antagonists, chlorpromazine (CPZ) and nimodepine (NI-MO), on cadmium-induced toxicity were investigated. After giving CdCl2 (0. 44mg Cd/kg,ip), CPZ (5mg/kg, ip) or NIMO (8mg/kg, po) were administered every day to Sprague-Dawley (S. D. ) rats for a week. Then, urinary N- acetyl-β-D- glucosaminidase (NAG ), uri -nary cadmium and bloocl cadmium were measured. The accumulation of cadmium in the kid-ney cortex, content of renal calmodulin, hemoglobin and the ultrastructural damage of proxi-mal convoluted tubules of rats were examined three weeks after the last administration. Re-sults indicated that the calcium antagonists partly protected against toxic effects induced bycadmium in different manners. These data provide further evidence for the new hypothesisthat the cross effect of cadmium and calcium in calmodulin regulated systems may be responsi-ble for the mechanism of cadmium intoxication. 'The results suggested that the calcium antag-onists could be a new and promising approach in the therapy of heavy metaLinduced diseases展开更多
The protective effect of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on chemically induced damages was studied in isolated suspended rat hepatocytes. The experimental results showed that DDB (200μg/106 cells) efficiently p...The protective effect of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on chemically induced damages was studied in isolated suspended rat hepatocytes. The experimental results showed that DDB (200μg/106 cells) efficiently protected the hepatocytes against carbon tetrachloride (CC14 10 mrnol.L-1) and D-galactosamine (1 mmol.L-1) induced damages. Membranal lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA formation) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) release from the hepatocytes were markedly decreased. The damage of the cell surfaces of the hepatocytes were also reduced as seen under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Pretreatment with DDB (300 mg-kg-1) orally ameliorated the reduction of liver glycogen and blood glucose caused by ip injection of D-galactosamine (800 mg-kg-1) in mice. When normal rats were given DDB 300 mg-kg-1 once daily for 10 d, the free ribosomal protein and RNA in the liver increased significantly. These results indicate that DDB is of beneficial effects on both damaged and normal hepatocytes.展开更多
Land desertification and aeolian activity are currently the greatest threats to alpine ecological environments and are also the primary challenges of desertification control and ecological restoration projects.Affores...Land desertification and aeolian activity are currently the greatest threats to alpine ecological environments and are also the primary challenges of desertification control and ecological restoration projects.Afforestation of sandy lands around the Qinghai Lake in China has effectively controlled the desertification of this watershed.However,certain issues remain which challenge its overall success,including lack of diverse biological species and poor theoretical understanding of aeolian processes,such as controlling wind-sand flow in relation to complex alpine ecological factors.Therefore,to help improving afforestation techniques,this research focused on Hippophae rhamnoides,Salix cheilophila,Pinus sylvestris,Populus simonii and Artemisia desertorum vegetation implanted in the mobile dunes on the eastern shore of Qinghai Lake.Aeolian transport characteristics and annual changes to community ecological factors from 2010–2016 were monitored in comparison with uncontrolled sand dunes.Based on simultaneous observations using gradient anemometers and sand samplers,it was found that the aeolian activities exhibited the following features:1)In re-vegetated lands,the logarithmic growth of wind speed was disrupted by the wind speed amplification in the middle and high layers and wind speed reduction in the low layers,while vegetation had significant wind-breaking(>37%)and sand-fixing(>85%)effects in 2016.2)Wind speeds in re-vegetated lands and mobile dunes showed a linear correlation,especially in lower layers of H.rhamnoides and S.cheilophila,while sand transport in re-vegetated land increased linearly or exponentially with increasing wind speed.3)The four artificial shrubs and forests had greater sand deposition with intensities of 280–860 t/(ha·yr),largely concentrated during winter and spring which accounted for 60%–85%of the annual cycle,while A.desertorum experienced significant root undercutting;and 4)Intensity of aeolian activity in re-vegetated lands,except for A.desertorum,was significantly negative with respect to plant growth structure,community cover,topsoil moisture,and regional precipitation.Overall,these five sand-binding species produced optimistic wind-sand protection effects for the alpine sandy lands,which relied on the plants’physical disturbance of wind-sand flow during the early stages of community development.In comparison,H.rhamnoides and S.cheilophila individually maintained stable wind-sand protection effects,while P.sylvestris and P.simonii were better in mixing with other shrubs and herbs to achieve a comprehensive ecological system for future control of aeolian activity.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), a characteristic pathological product of Alzheimer's disease (AD), results in neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). However, the mech...BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), a characteristic pathological product of Alzheimer's disease (AD), results in neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). However, the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine against ERS in AD are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To measure expression levels of protective proteins (GRP78 and GRP94) of ER molecular partners and pro-apoptotic Caspase-12 ER membrane expression following application of traditional Chinese medicine natural cerebrolysin (NC) to treat Aβ1-40-induced ERS. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A parallel-controlled study was performed at the Institute of Integrated Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University between September 2006 and November 2008. MATERIALS: Sprague Dawley male rats, 6-8 weeks old, were used to harvest tibial and femoral bone marrow. Isolation and purification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were established from the whole bone marrow by removing non-adherent cells in primary and passage cultures. Aβ1-40 was provided by Sigma, USA. NC was provided by Shenzhen Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China. NC was predominantly composed of Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Tianma (Rhizoma Gastrodiae), and Yinxingye (Ginkgo Leaf) in a proportion of 1 : 2: 2. Following conventional water extraction technology, an extract (1 : 20) was prepared. Six adult, male, New Zealand rabbits underwent intragastric administration of NC extract (0.976 g/kg per day) for 1 month to prepare NC-positive serum, and the remaining 6 rabbits received intragastric administration of physiological saline to prepare normal blank serum. METHODS: A total of 500 nmol/L Aβ1-40 was used to establish ERS models of primary cultured MSCs. AD cell models were incubated with different doses of NC-positive serum (2.5%, 5%, and 10%). MSCs treated with normal blank serum served as normal blank controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent immunocytochemistry were respectively used to measure mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78, GRP94, and Caspase-12 in MSCs. RESULTS: Following Aβ1-40 exposure, mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94, as well as Caspase-12, significantly increased (P 〈 0.05), suggesting successful establishment of ERS models. Following NC-positive serum application, mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94 in MSCs significantly increased (P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01). However, mRNA and protein expression levels of Caspase-12 significantly decreased (P 〈 0.05, or P 〈 0.01) compared with the ERS model group. These effects were dose-dependent. CONCLUSION: NC downregulated Caspase-12 expression and upregulated GRP78 and GRP94 expression in MSCs in a dose-dependent manner under the state of Aβ1-40-induced ERS.展开更多
Lead (Pb) is ubiquitous in the environment, and low-level Pb exposure can cause neurotoxicity and irreversible damage to children's cognition, learning and memory ability. Nutritional intervention is an effective m...Lead (Pb) is ubiquitous in the environment, and low-level Pb exposure can cause neurotoxicity and irreversible damage to children's cognition, learning and memory ability. Nutritional intervention is an effective method to prevent Pb poisoning. Mul- berry is rich in anthocyanins, possessing protective effects for nerves. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of mulberry extract (ME) against Pb-induced learning and memory deficits in mice. The results showed that the learning and memory abilities of mice, assessed using the Morris test, improved significantly after treatment with ME at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The level of Pb in the brains of mice in the three ME intervention groups decreased significantly, while NO production and anti-oxidant enzymes were significantly restored. It is suggested that ME inhibits Pb-induced neurotoxicity by reversing Pb-induced alterations in the aspect of neurotoxic effects and improving learning and memory.展开更多
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and has a remarkable social and economical impact, which rises with the increasing age of the industrial population. Unfortunately, treatment strat- egies for cerebral ische...Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and has a remarkable social and economical impact, which rises with the increasing age of the industrial population. Unfortunately, treatment strat- egies for cerebral ischemia still remain very limited. Acute reper- fusion therapies with either systemic thrombolysis using rt-PA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) or interventional recanalization procedures were shown to be highly effective. In addition, there is also a long-existing concept to modulate stroke-associated pathophysiological events such as exitotox- icity, peri-infarct depolarizations, apoptosis and inflammation (Dirnagl et al., 1999).展开更多
In order to observe it blockers of sodium channel obsesses the neuroprotective effect on hippocampal CA 1 pyramidal cell under the condition of transient brain ischemia, the present experiment used 24 male Wistar rat...In order to observe it blockers of sodium channel obsesses the neuroprotective effect on hippocampal CA 1 pyramidal cell under the condition of transient brain ischemia, the present experiment used 24 male Wistar rats aged 9 months and divided them into four groups. Lidocaine and/or furosemide were injected introcerebroventicularlly (I.C.V). Stained with H E and accounted the CA 1 pyramidal cell numbers by computer in each group suggested following findings: Although 5 μl of 2% lidocaine was injected I.C.V, the results indicated lidocaine didn't have any blockade to pyramidal cell injuries in hippocampal CA 1 area (P<0 05). In the group medicated with 2 5μl of both 2% lidocaine and 2% furosemide, the results showed that the combined approach had a blockade to injuries of pyramidal cells compared with control group (P<0 01). The present experiment indicates that the combined blockade of lidocaine and furosemide injected I.C.V. to Na + channel can prevent the injuries from hippocampal neurons owing to ischemia.展开更多
By using two PM2.5 automatic monitors,the protective effects of five common masks against PM2.5 were synchronously tested under actual ambient air conditions for a whole day. The results showed that not all masks had ...By using two PM2.5 automatic monitors,the protective effects of five common masks against PM2.5 were synchronously tested under actual ambient air conditions for a whole day. The results showed that not all masks had protective effects on PM2.5,and the protective effects of masks N95 and N90,which were designed specially for dust-proof,were superior among the five tested masks.展开更多
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the acute toxicity and hepatoprotective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract on mice,determine its safety range,and evaluate its hepatoprotective effect.[Methods]The median lethal dose(LD_(50))was determined by acute toxicity test with the toxic reaction and mortality of mice as indexes.Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal control group,model group(ConA-induced liver injury model),Jinchuan formula plum wine high,medium and low dose groups(1.0,0.5,0.25 g/kg)and silybin group(0.1 g/kg).The levels of ALT,AST,LDH in serum and TG,VLDL in liver were measured.After HE staining,the pathological changes of liver tissue in mice were observed,and the liver protective effect of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract was analyzed and evaluated.[Results]LD_(50)was 11.18 g/kg,and the 95%confidence limit of LD_(50)was 10.31-12.05 g/kg.The high-dose group of Jinchuan formula plum wine extract could significantly reduce the serum ALT and AST activities of ConA-induced liver injury mice(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jinchuan formula plum wine extract is relatively safe,and also has a protective effect on liver injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21625502、21974070)。
文摘In this work,a facile and sensitive colorimetric detection method was firstly reported for RNase A activity detection based on target regulated protection effect of chimeric DNA probe on the salt-induced aggregation of plasmonic gold nanoparticles.Compared with previous works of RNase A activity detection,this colorimetric assay integrated the advantages of sensitive,low cost,facile operation,rapid response and low biological toxicity.
基金supported by the Foundation for Distinguished professor of Jiangsu Provincethe Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51421003)
文摘This paper analyzes the control mechanism of coal and gas outbursts and proposes the concept of an effective pressure relief protection range, based on the stress relief of the underlying coal-rock mass and the development of a plastic zone. Also this study developed a stress change and fracture development model of the underlying coal-rock mass. In addition, the stress and depth of fracture of any point in the floor were deduced with the application of Maple Calculation Software. The specific engineering parameters of the Pingdingshan No. 12 colliery were applied to determine the relationship between the depth of fracture in the floor and the mining height. The pressure-relief principle of the underlying coal-rock mass was analyzed while varying the mining height of the upper protective seam. The findings indicate that as the depth of fracture in the floor increases, the underlying coal-rock mass experiences a limited amount of pressure relief, and the pressure relief protection range becomes narrower.Additionally, the stress distribution evolves from a ‘‘U" shape into a ‘‘V" shape. A 2.0 m mining height of protective seam situates the outburst-prone seam, Ji_(15), within the effective pressure relief protection range. The fracture development and stress-relief ratio rises to 88%, ensuring the pressure-relief effect as well as economic benefits. The measurement data show that: after mining the upper protective seam, the gas pressure of Ji_(15) dropped from 1.78 to 0.35 MPa, demonstrating agreement between the engineering application and the theoretical calculation.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(20KJB550016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101944)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Reactive oxygen species(ROS)-induced oxidative damage is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of chronic diseases,and natural antioxidant peptides have good abilities of scavenging ROS.The antioxidant activity of peptide Lys-Ser-Pro-Leu-Tyr(KSPLY)derived from Hericium erinaceus remains unclear.In the present study,the antioxidant effect and mechanism of KSPLY on H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells were investigated.The results indicated that KSPLY exhibited the antioxidant capacity in H_(2)O_(2)-induced HepG2 cells by enhancing superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and catalase(CAT)activities.In comparison with the H_(2)O_(2)-treated damage group,the apoptosis rate,ROS level,and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of HepG2 cells treated with KSPLY were significantly decreased.The H.erinaceus-derived peptide KSPLY pretreatment promoted the expression of detoxification and antioxidant enzymes via the Keap1/Nrf2 signal pathway,thereby inhibiting the generation of ROS and MDA.In conclusion,the H.erinaceus-derived peptide KSPLY effectively protected HepG2 cells against H_(2)O_(2)-induced oxidative damage,and it provided a theoretical basis for the further development of new natural antioxidants.
基金Supported by National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202110599016)Guangxi Key R&D Project(GuiKeAB 18221095).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the protective effect of ethanol extract from sweet potato leaves on liver injury induced by CCl_(4)in mice.[Methods]25 ICR mice were randomly divided into blank group,model group,high-dose extract group(200 mg/kg),low-dose extract group(100 mg/kg)and positive control group(2 mg/kg colchicine),with 5 mice in each group.All groups except the blank group were given intraperitoneal injection of 20%CCl 4 olive oil solution(2 mL/kg),and the blank group was given the same dose of olive oil solution three times a week.After 4 weeks,each administration group was given the corresponding dose of drugs(10 mL/kg),and the blank group and model group were given the corresponding amount of normal saline for 2 weeks.After the last intragastric administration,fasting was required,but water was allowed,blood was taken from eyeballs,and upper serum was taken by static centrifugation.Serum AST,ALT,CRP,IL-6 and SOD levels were detected by the kit.[Results]Compared with the blank group,the serum AST and ALT levels in the model group were significantly increased;compared with the model group,the ethanol extract of sweet potato leaves could decrease the levels of ALT,AST,CRP,IL-6 and increase the level of SOD in serum.[Conclusions]The ethanol extract of sweet potato leaves had protective effect on the mice with liver injury induced by CCl_(4),and its mechanism may be to protect the liver by lowering enzymes,inhibiting inflammation and antioxidant stress.
文摘Objective:The study was to explore the effect of evidence-based management in occupational protection for nurses who perform chemotherapy.Methods:40 chemotherapy nurses were selected,20 of them were included in the experimental group for evidence-based management,and the other 20 were included in the control group for routine management.Results:Compared with the control group,there were significantly fewer adverse nursing events in the experimental group,and P<0.05.Conclusion:The effect of evidence-based management in occupational protection of nurses who perform chemotherapy is significant.
文摘The seedling hydroponic culture experiment of kidney bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) and corn ( Zea mays ) was conducted to investigate the alleviation effect of lanthanum on Cd stress. It is found that growth is seriously inhibited and metabolism is maladjusted in the two crops under 30 and 300 μmol·L^-1 Cd^2+ stress. Plant height, taproot length, leaf area, and fresh or dry weight of root, stem, and leaf are all obviously decreased. Further, chlorophyll content decreases, membrane permeability, malonydialdehyde (MDA) content, activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) increases under Cd stress, as compared with the control. The damage to these two crops becomes more conspicuous with the prolongation of Cd stress. It is suggested that lanthanum might help kidney bean and corn seedlings alleviate Cd stress by improving the photosynthetic capacity, reducing membrane permeability and MDA content, and maintaining the activities of CAT and POD of these two crops.
文摘BACKGROUND: The majority of studies addressing spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI) have focused on drugs, proteins, cytokines, and various surgical techniques. A recent study reports that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) transplantation achieves good therapeutic effects, but the mechanisms underlying nerve protection remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To observe survival of transplanted hUCMSCs in SCIRI rat models and the influence on motor function in the hind limbs, to determine interleukin-8 expression and cellular apoptosis in spinal cord tissues, and to verify the hypothesis that hUCMSC transplantation exhibits protective effects on SCIRI. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled, animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of the Department of Orthopedics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China between January 2007 and December 2008. MATERIALS: hUCMSCs were harvested from umbilical cord blood of healthy pregnant women after parturition in the Obstetrical Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China. Rabbit anti-human BrdU monoclonal antibody was provided by DAKO, USA. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) Kit and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit were purchased by Wuhan Boster, China. METHODS: A total of 72 healthy, Wistar, adult rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham-surgery, model, and transplantation, with 24 rats in each group. SCIRI was induced in the model and transplantation groups via the abdominal aorta block method. The infrarenal abdominal aorta was not blocked in the sham-surgery group. Prior to abdominal aorta occlusion, 0.2 03 mL bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-Iabeled hUCMSCs suspension (cell concentration 5 × 10 3/uL) was injected through the great saphenous vein of the hind limb, and an equal volume of physiological saline was administered to the model and sham-surgery groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pathological observation of rat spinal cord tissues was performed by hematoxylin-eosin staining at 6, 24, and 48 hours post-surgery. Immunohistochemistry was applied to determine hUCMSCs survival in the spinal cord. The amount of cellular apoptosis and interleukin-8 expression in spinal cord tissues was assayed utilizing the TUNEL and ELISA methods, respectively. Motor function in the hind limbs was evaluated according to Jacob's score. RESULTS: Numerous BrdU-positive cells were observed in spinal cord tissues from the transplantation group. The number of apoptotic cells and interleukin-8 levels significantly decreased in the transplantation group (P 〈 0.05), pathological injury was significantly ameliorated, and motor function scores significantly increased (P 〈 0.05) compared with the model group. CONCLUSION: Via vein transplantation, hUCMSCs were shown to reach and survive in the injury area. Results suggested that the transplanted hUCMSCs contributed to significantly improved pathological changes in the injured spinal cord, as well as motor function, following SCIRI. The protective mechanism correlated with inhibition of cellular apoptosis and reduced production of inflammatory mediators.
文摘The protective effect of DDB against carcinogen-induced DNA damage was examined in the present investigation. Preincubation of rat liver nuclei with DDB (1 mmol.L-1) resulted in 60% inhibition of binding of 3H-benzo (a) pyrene to nuclear DNA. Unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) induced by aflatoxin BI (10^(-7) mol.L-1) in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes was also inhibited by DDB (10^(-6)-10^(-3)mol.L-1). Oral administration of DDB at 200 mg.kg-1 once daily for 3 d induced a significant increase of liver cytosol glutathione-S-transferase and microsomal UDPG-transferase activity in mice. These results indicate that DDB is able to directly or indirectly antagonize certain carcinogen-induced DNA damages.
基金supported by the Major Invite Tender Project of Health Department of Jiangxi Province(No.20104005)the Major Project of the Department of Education of Jiangxi Province(No.GJJ12003)the 13th’Challenge Cup’of Extracurricular academic and scientific works of Nanchang University
文摘This study aims to observe the protective effects of ginsenoside Rbl on liver and lung in rats with septic shock and reveal its mechanism. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP with ginsenoside Rb1. Then, the survival rate, arterial blood pressure, TLR4 mRNA, and TNF-α levels were determined. The liver and lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The overall survival rate of the Rb1 group was significantly higher than that of the CLP group. Mean arterial blood pressure went down in both the CLP and Rb1 groups after CLP, and there was a significant difference both in the sham and Rb1 groups when compared with the CLP group. The Rb1 treatment group had markedly lower TLR4 mRNA expression and TNF-a levels than the CLP group. In the CLP group, pathology showed swelling, degeneration, necrosis, and neutrophii infiltration in the liver and alveolar epithelial cells. However, in the Rb1 group, there was mild degeneration and slight neutrophil infiltration, but no obvious necrosis. Rb1 may improve the survival rate, ameliorate arterial blood pressure, and protect the liver and lung in septic shock rats by downregulating the expression of TLR4 mRNA and inhibiting the production of TNF-α.
基金supported by Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1432248)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11175222,11305226)
文摘Radiation encephalopathy is the main complication of cranial radiotherapy. It can cause necrosis of brain tissue and cognitive dysfunction. Our previous work had proved that a natural antioxidant shikonin possessed protective effect on cerebral ischemic injury. Here we investigated the effects of shikonin on carbon ion beam induced radiation brain injury in mice. Pretreatment with shikonin significantly increased the SOD and CAT activities and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in mouse brain tissues compared with irradiated group (P〈0.01), while obviously reduced the MDA and PCO contents and the RO$ levels derived from of the brain mitochondria.
文摘Protective effects of calcium antagonists, chlorpromazine (CPZ) and nimodepine (NI-MO), on cadmium-induced toxicity were investigated. After giving CdCl2 (0. 44mg Cd/kg,ip), CPZ (5mg/kg, ip) or NIMO (8mg/kg, po) were administered every day to Sprague-Dawley (S. D. ) rats for a week. Then, urinary N- acetyl-β-D- glucosaminidase (NAG ), uri -nary cadmium and bloocl cadmium were measured. The accumulation of cadmium in the kid-ney cortex, content of renal calmodulin, hemoglobin and the ultrastructural damage of proxi-mal convoluted tubules of rats were examined three weeks after the last administration. Re-sults indicated that the calcium antagonists partly protected against toxic effects induced bycadmium in different manners. These data provide further evidence for the new hypothesisthat the cross effect of cadmium and calcium in calmodulin regulated systems may be responsi-ble for the mechanism of cadmium intoxication. 'The results suggested that the calcium antag-onists could be a new and promising approach in the therapy of heavy metaLinduced diseases
文摘The protective effect of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on chemically induced damages was studied in isolated suspended rat hepatocytes. The experimental results showed that DDB (200μg/106 cells) efficiently protected the hepatocytes against carbon tetrachloride (CC14 10 mrnol.L-1) and D-galactosamine (1 mmol.L-1) induced damages. Membranal lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA formation) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) release from the hepatocytes were markedly decreased. The damage of the cell surfaces of the hepatocytes were also reduced as seen under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Pretreatment with DDB (300 mg-kg-1) orally ameliorated the reduction of liver glycogen and blood glucose caused by ip injection of D-galactosamine (800 mg-kg-1) in mice. When normal rats were given DDB 300 mg-kg-1 once daily for 10 d, the free ribosomal protein and RNA in the liver increased significantly. These results indicate that DDB is of beneficial effects on both damaged and normal hepatocytes.
基金Under the auspices of the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of East China University of Technology(DHBK No.2019052)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41961017,41661001)+1 种基金Key Research&Development and Transformation Plan of Qinghai Province(No.2019-HZ-814)State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology(No.2020-KF-06)。
文摘Land desertification and aeolian activity are currently the greatest threats to alpine ecological environments and are also the primary challenges of desertification control and ecological restoration projects.Afforestation of sandy lands around the Qinghai Lake in China has effectively controlled the desertification of this watershed.However,certain issues remain which challenge its overall success,including lack of diverse biological species and poor theoretical understanding of aeolian processes,such as controlling wind-sand flow in relation to complex alpine ecological factors.Therefore,to help improving afforestation techniques,this research focused on Hippophae rhamnoides,Salix cheilophila,Pinus sylvestris,Populus simonii and Artemisia desertorum vegetation implanted in the mobile dunes on the eastern shore of Qinghai Lake.Aeolian transport characteristics and annual changes to community ecological factors from 2010–2016 were monitored in comparison with uncontrolled sand dunes.Based on simultaneous observations using gradient anemometers and sand samplers,it was found that the aeolian activities exhibited the following features:1)In re-vegetated lands,the logarithmic growth of wind speed was disrupted by the wind speed amplification in the middle and high layers and wind speed reduction in the low layers,while vegetation had significant wind-breaking(>37%)and sand-fixing(>85%)effects in 2016.2)Wind speeds in re-vegetated lands and mobile dunes showed a linear correlation,especially in lower layers of H.rhamnoides and S.cheilophila,while sand transport in re-vegetated land increased linearly or exponentially with increasing wind speed.3)The four artificial shrubs and forests had greater sand deposition with intensities of 280–860 t/(ha·yr),largely concentrated during winter and spring which accounted for 60%–85%of the annual cycle,while A.desertorum experienced significant root undercutting;and 4)Intensity of aeolian activity in re-vegetated lands,except for A.desertorum,was significantly negative with respect to plant growth structure,community cover,topsoil moisture,and regional precipitation.Overall,these five sand-binding species produced optimistic wind-sand protection effects for the alpine sandy lands,which relied on the plants’physical disturbance of wind-sand flow during the early stages of community development.In comparison,H.rhamnoides and S.cheilophila individually maintained stable wind-sand protection effects,while P.sylvestris and P.simonii were better in mixing with other shrubs and herbs to achieve a comprehensive ecological system for future control of aeolian activity.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30973779the National Special Planning Project for Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, No.02-03LP41the Key Program of Scientific Planning of Guangdong Province, No. 2006B35630007
文摘BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), a characteristic pathological product of Alzheimer's disease (AD), results in neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). However, the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine against ERS in AD are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To measure expression levels of protective proteins (GRP78 and GRP94) of ER molecular partners and pro-apoptotic Caspase-12 ER membrane expression following application of traditional Chinese medicine natural cerebrolysin (NC) to treat Aβ1-40-induced ERS. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A parallel-controlled study was performed at the Institute of Integrated Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University between September 2006 and November 2008. MATERIALS: Sprague Dawley male rats, 6-8 weeks old, were used to harvest tibial and femoral bone marrow. Isolation and purification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were established from the whole bone marrow by removing non-adherent cells in primary and passage cultures. Aβ1-40 was provided by Sigma, USA. NC was provided by Shenzhen Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China. NC was predominantly composed of Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Tianma (Rhizoma Gastrodiae), and Yinxingye (Ginkgo Leaf) in a proportion of 1 : 2: 2. Following conventional water extraction technology, an extract (1 : 20) was prepared. Six adult, male, New Zealand rabbits underwent intragastric administration of NC extract (0.976 g/kg per day) for 1 month to prepare NC-positive serum, and the remaining 6 rabbits received intragastric administration of physiological saline to prepare normal blank serum. METHODS: A total of 500 nmol/L Aβ1-40 was used to establish ERS models of primary cultured MSCs. AD cell models were incubated with different doses of NC-positive serum (2.5%, 5%, and 10%). MSCs treated with normal blank serum served as normal blank controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent immunocytochemistry were respectively used to measure mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78, GRP94, and Caspase-12 in MSCs. RESULTS: Following Aβ1-40 exposure, mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94, as well as Caspase-12, significantly increased (P 〈 0.05), suggesting successful establishment of ERS models. Following NC-positive serum application, mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94 in MSCs significantly increased (P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01). However, mRNA and protein expression levels of Caspase-12 significantly decreased (P 〈 0.05, or P 〈 0.01) compared with the ERS model group. These effects were dose-dependent. CONCLUSION: NC downregulated Caspase-12 expression and upregulated GRP78 and GRP94 expression in MSCs in a dose-dependent manner under the state of Aβ1-40-induced ERS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31371733)
文摘Lead (Pb) is ubiquitous in the environment, and low-level Pb exposure can cause neurotoxicity and irreversible damage to children's cognition, learning and memory ability. Nutritional intervention is an effective method to prevent Pb poisoning. Mul- berry is rich in anthocyanins, possessing protective effects for nerves. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of mulberry extract (ME) against Pb-induced learning and memory deficits in mice. The results showed that the learning and memory abilities of mice, assessed using the Morris test, improved significantly after treatment with ME at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The level of Pb in the brains of mice in the three ME intervention groups decreased significantly, while NO production and anti-oxidant enzymes were significantly restored. It is suggested that ME inhibits Pb-induced neurotoxicity by reversing Pb-induced alterations in the aspect of neurotoxic effects and improving learning and memory.
文摘Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and has a remarkable social and economical impact, which rises with the increasing age of the industrial population. Unfortunately, treatment strat- egies for cerebral ischemia still remain very limited. Acute reper- fusion therapies with either systemic thrombolysis using rt-PA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) or interventional recanalization procedures were shown to be highly effective. In addition, there is also a long-existing concept to modulate stroke-associated pathophysiological events such as exitotox- icity, peri-infarct depolarizations, apoptosis and inflammation (Dirnagl et al., 1999).
文摘In order to observe it blockers of sodium channel obsesses the neuroprotective effect on hippocampal CA 1 pyramidal cell under the condition of transient brain ischemia, the present experiment used 24 male Wistar rats aged 9 months and divided them into four groups. Lidocaine and/or furosemide were injected introcerebroventicularlly (I.C.V). Stained with H E and accounted the CA 1 pyramidal cell numbers by computer in each group suggested following findings: Although 5 μl of 2% lidocaine was injected I.C.V, the results indicated lidocaine didn't have any blockade to pyramidal cell injuries in hippocampal CA 1 area (P<0 05). In the group medicated with 2 5μl of both 2% lidocaine and 2% furosemide, the results showed that the combined approach had a blockade to injuries of pyramidal cells compared with control group (P<0 01). The present experiment indicates that the combined blockade of lidocaine and furosemide injected I.C.V. to Na + channel can prevent the injuries from hippocampal neurons owing to ischemia.
基金Supported by the Monitoring Scientific Research Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China in 2013(1321)
文摘By using two PM2.5 automatic monitors,the protective effects of five common masks against PM2.5 were synchronously tested under actual ambient air conditions for a whole day. The results showed that not all masks had protective effects on PM2.5,and the protective effects of masks N95 and N90,which were designed specially for dust-proof,were superior among the five tested masks.