The purpose is to study the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of the traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）-Jinyebaidu （JYBD） to guinea pig cytomegalovirus （GPCMV） intrauterine infection. The virus-free female and...The purpose is to study the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of the traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）-Jinyebaidu （JYBD） to guinea pig cytomegalovirus （GPCMV） intrauterine infection. The virus-free female and male guinea pigs were screened with nest-polymerase chain reaction （N-PCR）. After inbred, pregnant guinea pigs were selected and divided into 3 groups randomly： 5 guniea pigs of the blank control group were not given either GPCMV or JYBD. 31 guniea pigs of the positive control group were inoculated 1 mL （107 TCID50 ） suspension of GPCMV intraperitoneal. 10 gunlea pigs of the experimental group were inoculated GPCMV firstly and then perfused stomach with JYBD for 14 days （Dosage in accordance with the modulus of the weight ratio of human to guniea pig）. The effects of JYBD on the intrauterine infection of GPCMV were observed. The results showed that JYBD could decrease the maternal infection rate from 100 % （31/31） to 50 % （5/10） （P〈0. 001）, the intrauterine infection rate from 100% （72/72） to 75 % （21/28） （P〈 0. 001）, and the rate of abnormal outcome of pregnancy from 64.4 % （29/45） to 25.0 % （7/28） （P〈0. 001）, the infective symptoms being relieved. It can be concluded that traditional Chinese medicine- JYBD can prevent and treat GPCMV intrauterine infection, and can be expected a prophylactic drug for HCMV intrauterine infection.展开更多
Background： This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin E（Vit E） and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）, a cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） inhibitor, will additively reduce the production of the immunosupp...Background： This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin E（Vit E） and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）, a cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） inhibitor, will additively reduce the production of the immunosuppressive molecule prostaglandin E_2（PGE_2） and hence reduce inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli.Methods： The experiment was conducted in a research facility with 192 individually-housed male weaner pigs（Landrace × Large White） weighing 6.6 ± 0.04 kg（mean ± SEM）. The pigs were experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli and were allocated to a 2 × 3 factorial design with the respective factors being without and with 125 ppm ASA and three levels of Vit E supplementation（50, 100 or 200 IU/kg diet, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate）.Results： Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improved average daily gain（P 〈 0.05） and tended to improve feed：gain ratio（P 〈 0.10） during the first 14 d after weaning. Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation also improved（P 〈 0.001） amino acid utilization efficiency（as assessed by plasma urea level） and tended to decrease（P 〈 0.10） PGE2 production in the liver without affecting smal intestinal histology and tight junction protein mR NA expression in the jejunal epithelium. Vitamin E supplementation greater than 100 IU/kg diet sustained both the plasma Vit E concentration（P 〈 0.001） and plasma haptoglobin content（P 〈 0.001） after weaning. However, there was no additive effects of the combined supplementation of ASA and Vit E on performance, intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses of weaned pigs.Conclusions： Although ASA and vitamin E improved amino acid utilization efficiency and reduced acute inflammatory responses, ASA and vitamin E did not additively reduce production of PGE2 and inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimental y infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli.展开更多
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of M. hyopneumoniae infection in suckling pigs. Nasal swabs were collected from 300 suckling pigs originating from five farrow-to-finishing farms. One farm had a c...The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of M. hyopneumoniae infection in suckling pigs. Nasal swabs were collected from 300 suckling pigs originating from five farrow-to-finishing farms. One farm had a confirmed PRDC problem (farm A) and four other farms previously had a PRDC problem (farms B, C, D and E). Thirty (30) lactating sows in parity 1, 2 and 3 were selected from each farm (Ten sows per parity). Two piglets from each sow were randomly sampled for nasal swab at 3 weeks of age. The samples were analyzed by the nested PCR technique. Forty five per cent (27/60) of nasal swabs from farm A were found positive. On the other hand, a total of 2.08 per cent were found positive (5/240) from farm B, C, D and E. The tendency of piglet infection per sow by parity showed that first parity had more prevalence than the second and the third parity (60%, 55%, 20%), respectively. We have found a correction between M. hyopneumoniae early infection in suckling pigs and a confirmed PRDC problem (farm A) as oppose to farms that did not have a PRDC problem. The strategies to prevent M. hyopneumoniae early infection are to maintain good lactation, antibiotic prevention program and early M. hyopneumoniae展开更多
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae(M.hyopneumoniae),is the primary aetiological agent of enzootic pneumonia leading to chronic respiratory disease prevalent worldwide.Conventional pigs are the only animals used for pathogenicit...Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae(M.hyopneumoniae),is the primary aetiological agent of enzootic pneumonia leading to chronic respiratory disease prevalent worldwide.Conventional pigs are the only animals used for pathogenicity studies and vaccine evaluations of M.hyopneumoniae.Considering that the challenge animals have better genetic stability and a smaller body size to operate with,an alternative experimental animal model of M.hyopneumoniae infection with Bama miniature pigs was established.Nine seven-week-old snatch-farrowed,porcine colostrum-deprived(SF-pCD)Bama miniature pigs and nine conventional pigs were randomly divided into two infected groups(Bama miniatureinfected(BI)and conventional-infected groups(CI),BI and CI,n=6)and two control groups(Bama miniature control(BC)and conventional control(CC)groups,BC and CC,n=3).Every piglet was tracheally inoculated with 5×10^(8) CCU/mL containing 10%suspension of a stock of frozen lung homogenate from SF-pCD pigs infected with virulent strain JS or sterilized KM2 medium.Typical lung lesions appeared in all infected pigs after necropsy,and the mean gross lung lesions was 17.3 and 13.7 in groups of BI and CI.Serum IgG and nasal sIgA antibody titres were increased significantly.Cilia shedding and mucus staining increased greatly in JS-infected bronchi.Obvious reddish gross lesions and M.hyopneumoniae antigen were detected,especially apparently observed in group of BI.Moreover,DNA copies of M.hyopneumoniae from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)of each JS-infected piglet reached more than 10^(8),and M.hyopneumoniae could be re-isolated from each infected BALF.These results indicate that Bama miniature pigs could be used as an alternative and more maneuverable experimental infection model for M.hyopneumoniae and display typical clinical and pathological features consistent with those in conventional pigs.展开更多
In order to understand the incidence reasons in a scaled pig farm of Guizhou Province, the infected pigs were diagnosed with epidemiological investigation, clinical observation, pathological diagnosis, enzyme-linked i...In order to understand the incidence reasons in a scaled pig farm of Guizhou Province, the infected pigs were diagnosed with epidemiological investigation, clinical observation, pathological diagnosis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, PCR/RT-PCR and bacterial isolation and identification. The results showed that the pigs were infected mixedly with classical swine fever virus （CSFV）, pseudorabies virus （PRV） and E. coli. Therefore, some measures should be adopted to control the incidence of CSF, PR and colibacillosis in the pig farm.展开更多
目的分析我国异种器官移植领域的研究现状及发展趋势。方法检索2014年1月1日至2023年12月31日中国知网学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的有关异种器官移植研究的中文和英文文献,应用CiteSpace软件和R语言...目的分析我国异种器官移植领域的研究现状及发展趋势。方法检索2014年1月1日至2023年12月31日中国知网学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的有关异种器官移植研究的中文和英文文献,应用CiteSpace软件和R语言从发文量、关键词、期刊来源分布、核心作者合作网络、主要研究机构、重点文献被引等方面对该领域的研究情况、热点话题以及研究前沿进行可视化分析。结果我国学者共发表中文文章684篇及英文文章共624篇,发文量稳居世界前2水平。我国学者发文量前3的中文杂志为《器官移植》《实用器官移植电子杂志》《中国实验动物学报》,发文量前3的英文杂志为Xenotransplantation、Frontiers in Immunology、Scientific Reports。中文发文前5的作者为潘登科、蔡志明、牟丽莎、李霄、窦科峰;英文发文前5的中国作者分别为牟丽莎、蔡志明、戴一凡、王毅、潘登科。中文高频关键词为异种器官移植、免疫排斥、移植、异种、动物模型、异种骨、肝移植、基因编辑、肾移植、烧伤及骨移植;英文高频关键词为expression、xenotransplantation、cells、transplantation、survival。结论近年来我国异种器官移植领域已有一定研究基础并且在世界范围内有较高的影响力,涉及的学科多种多样,研究内容广泛,但各机构间合作较少,今后应增加跨区域、跨学科交流协作,加强资源共享和资源整合才能使该领域更加迅速稳定进展。展开更多
Background: Multidrug resistance and production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) by a large group of bacterial agents in hospitals are to be a matter of scientific concern. Objective: This cross-sectional st...Background: Multidrug resistance and production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) by a large group of bacterial agents in hospitals are to be a matter of scientific concern. Objective: This cross-sectional study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of ESBL producing Proteus species and risk factors associated with hospital acquired infection in addition to study the antibiotics susceptibility patterns of all bacterial isolates from inpatients of four Yemeni general hospitals. Methods: A total of 740 consecutive non-repeat culture isolates were obtained from admitted patients of Al-Kuwait University Hospital, Al-Thowra General Hospital, Al-Jumhori Teaching Hospital, and Military General Hospitals Sana’a city. We used Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method to detect antimicrobial susceptibility and establish the presence of ESBLs-producing bacteria according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: Out of 740 isolate, 233 (31.5%) were Escherichia coli followed by Staphylococcus aureus 188 (25.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 149 (20.1%), Klebsiella sp. 107 (14.5%), Enterococcus faecalis 25 (3.4%) and Proteus spp. 38 (5.1%). The highest frequencies of ESBLs producing among Proteus sp. were Proteus mirabilis 26 out 38 (68.4%) and Proteus vulgaris 12 out 38 (31.6%). The most effective of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among Proteus spp. were Imipenem (100%) followed by Pipracillin-Tazobactam (92.3%) for P. mirabilis and (83.3%) for P. vulgaris, while the Amikacin (80.8%) for P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris with (91.7%). Amoxicillin and Cefotaxime were the highest for both species (100%). Conclusion: The prevalence of ESBL-producing Proteus spp. detected in this study is of great concern for public health authorities and a strict adherence of infection control policies and procedures with continuous antibiotics resistance surveillance including antimicrobial management and routine detection of ESBL-producing isolates are very important to prevent nosocomial infections.展开更多
文摘The purpose is to study the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of the traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）-Jinyebaidu （JYBD） to guinea pig cytomegalovirus （GPCMV） intrauterine infection. The virus-free female and male guinea pigs were screened with nest-polymerase chain reaction （N-PCR）. After inbred, pregnant guinea pigs were selected and divided into 3 groups randomly： 5 guniea pigs of the blank control group were not given either GPCMV or JYBD. 31 guniea pigs of the positive control group were inoculated 1 mL （107 TCID50 ） suspension of GPCMV intraperitoneal. 10 gunlea pigs of the experimental group were inoculated GPCMV firstly and then perfused stomach with JYBD for 14 days （Dosage in accordance with the modulus of the weight ratio of human to guniea pig）. The effects of JYBD on the intrauterine infection of GPCMV were observed. The results showed that JYBD could decrease the maternal infection rate from 100 % （31/31） to 50 % （5/10） （P〈0. 001）, the intrauterine infection rate from 100% （72/72） to 75 % （21/28） （P〈 0. 001）, and the rate of abnormal outcome of pregnancy from 64.4 % （29/45） to 25.0 % （7/28） （P〈0. 001）, the infective symptoms being relieved. It can be concluded that traditional Chinese medicine- JYBD can prevent and treat GPCMV intrauterine infection, and can be expected a prophylactic drug for HCMV intrauterine infection.
基金support by Australian Cooperative Research Centre for High Integrity Australian Pork(Award number 2C-110 1213)
文摘Background： This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin E（Vit E） and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）, a cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） inhibitor, will additively reduce the production of the immunosuppressive molecule prostaglandin E_2（PGE_2） and hence reduce inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli.Methods： The experiment was conducted in a research facility with 192 individually-housed male weaner pigs（Landrace × Large White） weighing 6.6 ± 0.04 kg（mean ± SEM）. The pigs were experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli and were allocated to a 2 × 3 factorial design with the respective factors being without and with 125 ppm ASA and three levels of Vit E supplementation（50, 100 or 200 IU/kg diet, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate）.Results： Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improved average daily gain（P 〈 0.05） and tended to improve feed：gain ratio（P 〈 0.10） during the first 14 d after weaning. Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation also improved（P 〈 0.001） amino acid utilization efficiency（as assessed by plasma urea level） and tended to decrease（P 〈 0.10） PGE2 production in the liver without affecting smal intestinal histology and tight junction protein mR NA expression in the jejunal epithelium. Vitamin E supplementation greater than 100 IU/kg diet sustained both the plasma Vit E concentration（P 〈 0.001） and plasma haptoglobin content（P 〈 0.001） after weaning. However, there was no additive effects of the combined supplementation of ASA and Vit E on performance, intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses of weaned pigs.Conclusions： Although ASA and vitamin E improved amino acid utilization efficiency and reduced acute inflammatory responses, ASA and vitamin E did not additively reduce production of PGE2 and inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimental y infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli.
文摘The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of M. hyopneumoniae infection in suckling pigs. Nasal swabs were collected from 300 suckling pigs originating from five farrow-to-finishing farms. One farm had a confirmed PRDC problem (farm A) and four other farms previously had a PRDC problem (farms B, C, D and E). Thirty (30) lactating sows in parity 1, 2 and 3 were selected from each farm (Ten sows per parity). Two piglets from each sow were randomly sampled for nasal swab at 3 weeks of age. The samples were analyzed by the nested PCR technique. Forty five per cent (27/60) of nasal swabs from farm A were found positive. On the other hand, a total of 2.08 per cent were found positive (5/240) from farm B, C, D and E. The tendency of piglet infection per sow by parity showed that first parity had more prevalence than the second and the third parity (60%, 55%, 20%), respectively. We have found a correction between M. hyopneumoniae early infection in suckling pigs and a confirmed PRDC problem (farm A) as oppose to farms that did not have a PRDC problem. The strategies to prevent M. hyopneumoniae early infection are to maintain good lactation, antibiotic prevention program and early M. hyopneumoniae
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and the Development Project(2017YFD0501604)National Natural and Science Foundation of China(31800161,31770193)Natural Sciences Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20180297).
文摘Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae(M.hyopneumoniae),is the primary aetiological agent of enzootic pneumonia leading to chronic respiratory disease prevalent worldwide.Conventional pigs are the only animals used for pathogenicity studies and vaccine evaluations of M.hyopneumoniae.Considering that the challenge animals have better genetic stability and a smaller body size to operate with,an alternative experimental animal model of M.hyopneumoniae infection with Bama miniature pigs was established.Nine seven-week-old snatch-farrowed,porcine colostrum-deprived(SF-pCD)Bama miniature pigs and nine conventional pigs were randomly divided into two infected groups(Bama miniatureinfected(BI)and conventional-infected groups(CI),BI and CI,n=6)and two control groups(Bama miniature control(BC)and conventional control(CC)groups,BC and CC,n=3).Every piglet was tracheally inoculated with 5×10^(8) CCU/mL containing 10%suspension of a stock of frozen lung homogenate from SF-pCD pigs infected with virulent strain JS or sterilized KM2 medium.Typical lung lesions appeared in all infected pigs after necropsy,and the mean gross lung lesions was 17.3 and 13.7 in groups of BI and CI.Serum IgG and nasal sIgA antibody titres were increased significantly.Cilia shedding and mucus staining increased greatly in JS-infected bronchi.Obvious reddish gross lesions and M.hyopneumoniae antigen were detected,especially apparently observed in group of BI.Moreover,DNA copies of M.hyopneumoniae from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)of each JS-infected piglet reached more than 10^(8),and M.hyopneumoniae could be re-isolated from each infected BALF.These results indicate that Bama miniature pigs could be used as an alternative and more maneuverable experimental infection model for M.hyopneumoniae and display typical clinical and pathological features consistent with those in conventional pigs.
文摘In order to understand the incidence reasons in a scaled pig farm of Guizhou Province, the infected pigs were diagnosed with epidemiological investigation, clinical observation, pathological diagnosis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, PCR/RT-PCR and bacterial isolation and identification. The results showed that the pigs were infected mixedly with classical swine fever virus （CSFV）, pseudorabies virus （PRV） and E. coli. Therefore, some measures should be adopted to control the incidence of CSF, PR and colibacillosis in the pig farm.
文摘目的分析我国异种器官移植领域的研究现状及发展趋势。方法检索2014年1月1日至2023年12月31日中国知网学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和Web of Science核心合集数据库收录的有关异种器官移植研究的中文和英文文献,应用CiteSpace软件和R语言从发文量、关键词、期刊来源分布、核心作者合作网络、主要研究机构、重点文献被引等方面对该领域的研究情况、热点话题以及研究前沿进行可视化分析。结果我国学者共发表中文文章684篇及英文文章共624篇,发文量稳居世界前2水平。我国学者发文量前3的中文杂志为《器官移植》《实用器官移植电子杂志》《中国实验动物学报》,发文量前3的英文杂志为Xenotransplantation、Frontiers in Immunology、Scientific Reports。中文发文前5的作者为潘登科、蔡志明、牟丽莎、李霄、窦科峰;英文发文前5的中国作者分别为牟丽莎、蔡志明、戴一凡、王毅、潘登科。中文高频关键词为异种器官移植、免疫排斥、移植、异种、动物模型、异种骨、肝移植、基因编辑、肾移植、烧伤及骨移植;英文高频关键词为expression、xenotransplantation、cells、transplantation、survival。结论近年来我国异种器官移植领域已有一定研究基础并且在世界范围内有较高的影响力,涉及的学科多种多样,研究内容广泛,但各机构间合作较少,今后应增加跨区域、跨学科交流协作,加强资源共享和资源整合才能使该领域更加迅速稳定进展。
文摘Background: Multidrug resistance and production of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) by a large group of bacterial agents in hospitals are to be a matter of scientific concern. Objective: This cross-sectional study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of ESBL producing Proteus species and risk factors associated with hospital acquired infection in addition to study the antibiotics susceptibility patterns of all bacterial isolates from inpatients of four Yemeni general hospitals. Methods: A total of 740 consecutive non-repeat culture isolates were obtained from admitted patients of Al-Kuwait University Hospital, Al-Thowra General Hospital, Al-Jumhori Teaching Hospital, and Military General Hospitals Sana’a city. We used Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method to detect antimicrobial susceptibility and establish the presence of ESBLs-producing bacteria according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: Out of 740 isolate, 233 (31.5%) were Escherichia coli followed by Staphylococcus aureus 188 (25.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 149 (20.1%), Klebsiella sp. 107 (14.5%), Enterococcus faecalis 25 (3.4%) and Proteus spp. 38 (5.1%). The highest frequencies of ESBLs producing among Proteus sp. were Proteus mirabilis 26 out 38 (68.4%) and Proteus vulgaris 12 out 38 (31.6%). The most effective of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among Proteus spp. were Imipenem (100%) followed by Pipracillin-Tazobactam (92.3%) for P. mirabilis and (83.3%) for P. vulgaris, while the Amikacin (80.8%) for P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris with (91.7%). Amoxicillin and Cefotaxime were the highest for both species (100%). Conclusion: The prevalence of ESBL-producing Proteus spp. detected in this study is of great concern for public health authorities and a strict adherence of infection control policies and procedures with continuous antibiotics resistance surveillance including antimicrobial management and routine detection of ESBL-producing isolates are very important to prevent nosocomial infections.
