BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders are common but underdiagnosed in cancer survivors.Research suggests that tumor type has an effect on the prevalence of clinically relevant depression,anxiety,comorbid anxiety-depressio...BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders are common but underdiagnosed in cancer survivors.Research suggests that tumor type has an effect on the prevalence of clinically relevant depression,anxiety,comorbid anxiety-depression and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD).AIM To identify studies that examined the prevalence of clinically relevant levels of depression,anxiety,comorbid anxiety-depression and PTSD for patients with one or more tumor sites and compare those prevalences between cancer subtypes.METHODS Four databases(PubMed,PsycInfo,PubPsych and the Cochrane Database)were searched and resulted in a total of 2387 articles to be screened.To be included,a study must have investigated cancer-free and posttreatment survivors using tools to assess clinically relevant levels of the listed psychiatric comorbidities.All articles were screened by two authors with a third author reviewing debated articles.RESULTS Twenty-six studies on ten different tumor types fulfilled all inclusion criteria and were included in the review.The studies showed heterogeneity regarding the study characteristics,number of participants,time since diagnosis,and assessment tools.Generally,all four comorbidities show higher prevalences in cancer survivors than the general population.Brain tumor survivors were reported to have a relatively high prevalence of both depression and anxiety.Studies with melanoma survivors reported high prevalences of all four psychiatric comorbidities.Regarding comorbidities,a wide range in prevalence existed across the tumor types.Within one cancer site,the prevalence also varied considerably among the studies.CONCLUSION Psychiatric comorbidities are more frequent in cancer survivors than in the general population,as reflected by the prevalence of depression,anxiety,comorbid anxiety-depression and PTSD across all tumor subtypes.Developing generalized screening tools that examine psychological distress in cancer survivors up to at least ten years after diagnosis could help to understand and address the psychological burden of cancer survivors.展开更多
The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most common disorders in the childhood and adolescence population, but also in the reproductive period, affects and influences learning, social relations...The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most common disorders in the childhood and adolescence population, but also in the reproductive period, affects and influences learning, social relations and their quality of life. There are strong neuropathological similarities between ADHD and various concomitant psychiatric conditions. ADHD frequently coexists with learning and language disabilities, sleep disorders, impulse control personality and anxiety disorders, intellectual disability, substance use disorders and mood disorders, as well as autism spectrum disorders and tic disorders. The overlapping symptoms of ADHD and other morbidities constitute challenges but also an imperative need for the experts to be able to detect and clarify so as to achieve the proper diagnosis and the relative treatment. The expression of the disease differs accordingly depending on the age group and the presence of comorbidities. In school-age, symptoms of ADHD include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. In adolescence, depending on the gender, hyperactivity decreases but the problems in learning and psychopathology still remain. Therefore, it is recommended that when ADHD coexists with other psychopathologies in childhood and adolescence to first and directly treat the most weakened condition so that the child or the adolescent can change the course of their psychiatric morbidity and improve their ability to function and socialize.展开更多
It is known that in psychiatry, despite the introduction of standardized system, there is still a portion of diagnostic instability. This study aims to evaluate the stability of psychiatric diagnoses in a cohort of pa...It is known that in psychiatry, despite the introduction of standardized system, there is still a portion of diagnostic instability. This study aims to evaluate the stability of psychiatric diagnoses in a cohort of patients with dual diagnosis, under treatment of the Dependence Department of the Local Health Unit n.8 Veneto, Italy. 34 patients with opioid dependence, in treatment with methadone or buprenorphine, have been evaluated. They had participated to a previous study in 2006, in which psychiatric comorbidity was documented. These 34 patients have been retested with some of the tests already used in 2006： M.I.N.I. （for Axis I） and S.C.I.D. II （for Axis II）. The preceding evaluations and those current have been compared to assess the stability of psychiatric diagnosis. Almost all patients （95%） had at least a change of diagnosis. Psychoses are the most stable diagnoses. Also the substance use disorder is quite stable （80%）. Neuroses are more unstable. Personality disorders showed greater variability. Personality disorders appear more unstable in dual diagnosis. The diagnosis of personality disorder based on DSM, common in drug addicts, requires caution. Anyway, the longitudinal observation is important for a correct diagnosis.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders are common but underdiagnosed in cancer survivors.Research suggests that tumor type has an effect on the prevalence of clinically relevant depression,anxiety,comorbid anxiety-depression and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD).AIM To identify studies that examined the prevalence of clinically relevant levels of depression,anxiety,comorbid anxiety-depression and PTSD for patients with one or more tumor sites and compare those prevalences between cancer subtypes.METHODS Four databases(PubMed,PsycInfo,PubPsych and the Cochrane Database)were searched and resulted in a total of 2387 articles to be screened.To be included,a study must have investigated cancer-free and posttreatment survivors using tools to assess clinically relevant levels of the listed psychiatric comorbidities.All articles were screened by two authors with a third author reviewing debated articles.RESULTS Twenty-six studies on ten different tumor types fulfilled all inclusion criteria and were included in the review.The studies showed heterogeneity regarding the study characteristics,number of participants,time since diagnosis,and assessment tools.Generally,all four comorbidities show higher prevalences in cancer survivors than the general population.Brain tumor survivors were reported to have a relatively high prevalence of both depression and anxiety.Studies with melanoma survivors reported high prevalences of all four psychiatric comorbidities.Regarding comorbidities,a wide range in prevalence existed across the tumor types.Within one cancer site,the prevalence also varied considerably among the studies.CONCLUSION Psychiatric comorbidities are more frequent in cancer survivors than in the general population,as reflected by the prevalence of depression,anxiety,comorbid anxiety-depression and PTSD across all tumor subtypes.Developing generalized screening tools that examine psychological distress in cancer survivors up to at least ten years after diagnosis could help to understand and address the psychological burden of cancer survivors.
文摘The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most common disorders in the childhood and adolescence population, but also in the reproductive period, affects and influences learning, social relations and their quality of life. There are strong neuropathological similarities between ADHD and various concomitant psychiatric conditions. ADHD frequently coexists with learning and language disabilities, sleep disorders, impulse control personality and anxiety disorders, intellectual disability, substance use disorders and mood disorders, as well as autism spectrum disorders and tic disorders. The overlapping symptoms of ADHD and other morbidities constitute challenges but also an imperative need for the experts to be able to detect and clarify so as to achieve the proper diagnosis and the relative treatment. The expression of the disease differs accordingly depending on the age group and the presence of comorbidities. In school-age, symptoms of ADHD include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. In adolescence, depending on the gender, hyperactivity decreases but the problems in learning and psychopathology still remain. Therefore, it is recommended that when ADHD coexists with other psychopathologies in childhood and adolescence to first and directly treat the most weakened condition so that the child or the adolescent can change the course of their psychiatric morbidity and improve their ability to function and socialize.
文摘It is known that in psychiatry, despite the introduction of standardized system, there is still a portion of diagnostic instability. This study aims to evaluate the stability of psychiatric diagnoses in a cohort of patients with dual diagnosis, under treatment of the Dependence Department of the Local Health Unit n.8 Veneto, Italy. 34 patients with opioid dependence, in treatment with methadone or buprenorphine, have been evaluated. They had participated to a previous study in 2006, in which psychiatric comorbidity was documented. These 34 patients have been retested with some of the tests already used in 2006： M.I.N.I. （for Axis I） and S.C.I.D. II （for Axis II）. The preceding evaluations and those current have been compared to assess the stability of psychiatric diagnosis. Almost all patients （95%） had at least a change of diagnosis. Psychoses are the most stable diagnoses. Also the substance use disorder is quite stable （80%）. Neuroses are more unstable. Personality disorders showed greater variability. Personality disorders appear more unstable in dual diagnosis. The diagnosis of personality disorder based on DSM, common in drug addicts, requires caution. Anyway, the longitudinal observation is important for a correct diagnosis.
