毛白杨PtAUX1超表达诱导体状胚发生

体状胚的发生由一个生长素信号级联系统控制,其发生过程需要大量的生长素,随后在去除生长素或降低生长素浓度的条件下,体状胚趋于成熟。除植物激素外,环境胁迫也是体状胚发生所必须的,激素和环境胁迫协同诱导细胞的脱分化、再分化和体状胚的发生。目前发现的参与体状胚发生的主要基因有SERK、PKL和BBM等,它们作用于体状胚的不同发育阶段。本研究中,在毛白杨35S::PtAUX1超表达植株中发现叶片表面产生大量体状胚,体状胚分散在叶片主脉及侧脉两侧或聚集在叶片边缘,其中部分体状胚可发育成成熟体状胚。将成熟体状胚取下,置于MS0培养基上进行培养,体状胚发芽并缓慢产生根。研究结果表明,PtAUX1通过建立新的生长素浓度梯度,诱导体细胞转化成胚性细胞,从而使叶片产生出体状胚。除上述基因外,PtAUX1也参与体状胚的发生,这一研究发现现尚未见报道。

毛白杨生长素载体蛋白基因PtAUX1超表达的研究

以毛白杨和拟南芥为研究对象,研究生长素信号转导因子基因在植物发育过程中的作用。利用构建好的PtAUX1的表达载体,转化拟南芥和毛白杨,获得转基因植株,通过PCR技术检测转化植株,分析植株表型并观察植株离体条件下的形态变化。结果显示PtAUX1影响植株各器官的形态发育,毛白杨长势旺盛、外植体有莲座状幼叶产生,拟南芥出现了匍匐生长、不改变根的向地性、茎上的表皮毛增多、花器官畸形等现象。以上结果表明PtAUX1基因通过生长素极性运输,促进各细胞、组织对内源生长素IAA的吸收,进而参与器官极性的建立,影响各器官的形态和发育过程。

OVER-EXPRESSION OF AN AUX1 HOMOLOG TRIGGERS OVARY INITIATION IN VITRO OF POPULUS TOMENTOSA CARR.

PtAUX1,an ortholog of Arabidopsis AtAUX1(encoding auxin influx carrier protein),has been cloned from Populus tomentosa.PtAUX1 protein is similar to Arabidopsis AtAUX1 in structure,but PtAUX1 contains an additional cAMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site.Its overexpression lines driven by 35S promoter exhibits a novel phenotype related flower development which has not been revealed in AtAUX1 mutants.Ovary-like structures each with 1～2 styles,but without a cup-like disc and a bract,can initial from regenerated transgenic bud in cluster,resembling an inflorescence.The histological dissections illuminate that the ovarylike structures have womb and transmitting tissue inner its styles,but no ovules.PtAUX1 expression pattern are ubiquitous and various in different organs,which is coincident with its candidate auxin influx,functioning in distributing auxin thorough a plant body.These results suggest that PtAUX1 or polar auxin transport has a substantial function in floral organ initiation.