A Survey on the Current Situation of Prehospital First Aid about Knowledge, Belief and Behavior among University Students in Jingzhou

Objective: To understand the current situation of prehospital first aid knowledge, attitude and behavior of university students in Jingzhou City. Methods: A prehospital first aid knowledge questionnaire and the convenience sampling method were used to survey 307 university students in Jingzhou City. Results: The mean score of prehospital first aid knowledge of university students in Jingzhou City was 12.85 ± 2.643, the mean score of attitude was 50.73 ± 4.114, and the mean score of behavior was 39.05 ± 8.898;There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of prehospital first aid knowledge, attitude, and behavior of university students depending on whether or not they had received prehospital first aid training (P P Conclusion: Jingzhou University students have a positive attitude toward pre-hospital first aid, but the knowledge level and behavior are low, which suggests that the government, society and the school should create good conditions to promote the improvement of pre-hospital first aid knowledge and ability.

Knowledge and discriminatory attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among the women of reproductive age group of Pakistan using the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey(MICS)

Background Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS)has become a major worldwide public health issue,with a focus on developing nations.Despite having a very low HIV prevalence,South Asia faces serious issues with stigma and false information because of a lack of awareness.This stigma highlights significant gaps in popular awareness while also sustaining unfavorable attitudes towards those living with HIV/AIDS.Pakistan is ranked second in South Asia for the rapidly increasing AIDS epidemic.Thorough information and optimistic outlooks are essential for successful HIV/AIDS prevention,control,and treatment.But false beliefs about how HIV/AIDS spreads lead to negative perceptions,which highlights the need to look into how women’s knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS in Pakistan are influenced by sociodemographic traits and autonomy.Methods The purpose of this study is to evaluate Pakistani women’s discriminatory attitudes and level of awareness on HIV/AIDS.This study used data(the women in reproductive age 15-49 years’dataset)from the Pakistan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey to conduct an analytical cross-sectional analysis.To represent the respondents’attitudes and knowledge towards people living with HIV(PLHIV),two composite variables were developed and composite scored.Binary logistics regression was used to identify predictor variables and chi-square was used for bivariate analysis.Results The findings reveal that almost 90%of Pakistani women have poor knowledge and attitude with HIV/AIDS.In Punjab,72.8%of rural residents have low knowledge,whereas only 20.6%of young individuals(15-<25 years old)show the least amount of ignorance.Education is shown to be crucial,and“Higher”education is associated with superior knowledge.Urban dwellers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa typically have more expertise.Knowledge of HIV is positively correlated with education;those with higher education levels know a lot more(odds ratio[OR]=5.419).Similarly,quintiles with greater incomes show a higher likelihood of knowing about HIV(OR=6.745).The study identifies age,wealth index,place of residence,educational attainment,and exposure to contemporary media as significant predictors influencing HIV knowledge and attitudes among women in these provinces.Conclusion The majority of respondents had negative opinions regarding the virus,and the majority of women in the study knew very little about HIV.Individuals who live in metropolitan areas,have higher incomes,are better educated,are exposed to contemporary media,and are generally more aware of HIV and have more positive attitudes towards HIV/AIDS,or PLHIV.The study found that,in comparison to those living in urban environments,those from rural areas with low socioeconomic level have a negative attitude and inadequate understanding.

Community Knowledge about Bleeding Control in Jazan, KSA: Is There a Need for First Aid Educational Programs

The current study aimed to evaluate the first aid knowledge and general awareness of bleeding control, and their relations with different variables among the population of Jazan City, Saudi Arabia, in 2023. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jazan City, Saudi Arabia between April 2023 and May 2023. Participants, >13 years old, living in Jazan City, were self-enrolled. Data collection was carried out by distributing a self-reported online survey questionnaire via email and social media apps. A validated, pretested online self-report questionnaire was used for data collection, with data analysis performed using (MS) Excel 2022 and SPSS version 26. A Chi-square test was used to determine the association of sociodemographic variables and Bleeding Control (BC) knowledge with, significance set at p < 0.05. A total of 250 participants completed the questionnaire, predominantly aged between 16 - 25 years, with 152 (60.8%) being male, and about 90% being Saudi citizens. Only 53 (21.2%) participated in previous first aid training concentrating on bleeding control. Only 76 (30.4%) of participants had good knowledge, while 131 (52.4%) exhibited positive attitude towards BC first aid. There were no statistically significant associations between BC knowledge and age, gender, occupation, nationality, and education. However, a significant association was observed between previous BC training and knowledge (Chi-test = 40.373, d.f = 1, p = 0.000) at p < 0.05. Conclusion: The prevalence of poor knowledge of bleeding control among community members in Jazan City was high. The findings of this study should be carefully considered by various healthcare organizations to implement educational first-aid programs and activities aimed at enhancing community awareness and knowledge of bleeding control.

Community Knowledge and Attitude about Burns First Aid (BFA) in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Introduction and Significance: Burn injury (BI) is a considerable health issue which is responsible for around 300,000 deaths and affecting about 11 million people every year worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of BIs array from 112 to 518 per 100,000 per year. The appropriate awareness of performing first aid could facilitate to improve the outcomes of burns. Purpose and Objectives: To appraise the community that acknowledges burns, first aid, and associated factors among the community population in Jazan City, Saudi Arabia. The paper aims to identify limitations to encourage additional research and persuade legislators to develop improved burn-injury care recommendations and training programs. Materials and Methods: An observational-based sample survey was conducted among the people who live in Jazan City aging 13 years or more, during April 5 to May 5, 2023. Data collection was done by a validated online self-administrated questionnaire sent randomly to community members in different parts of Jazan City via social media platforms. Collected data were coded and cleaned by an excel program, and finally exported on SPSS 26.0 software. The variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentages. Also, the Chi-square test was used to investigate the relation between different variables, with a significance value of P Results: This study included 243 participants (about 62%) among them were mostly male participants (151) having a university degree. The majority of participants 75% did not take any form of BFA training in the past. This study shows that 69.9% of the participants have inadequate awareness, despite 72% having a constructive attitude towards burn first aid. Previous burn-related first aid training was significantly associated with participants’ knowledge of BFA at a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusion: This study indicates a high frequency of Jazan population having inadequate knowledge of burn first aid despite the high prevalence of a favorable attitude. There is a need to develop an effective nationwide burn prevention program and early burn first aid treatment in Saudi Arabia and promote a consistent guideline for burn first aid.

Characteristic-knowledge-aided spectral detection of high frequency first-order sea echo

To detect high frequency （HF） first-order sea echo spectra contaminated with ships, ionosphere interference, and other, a new characteristic-knowledge-aided detection method is proposed. With 2-D image features in range-Doppler spectrum, the trend of first-order sea echoes is extracted as indicative information by a multi-scale filter. Detection rules for both single and splitting first-order sea echoes are given based on the characteristic knowledge combining the indicative information with the global characteristics such as amplitude, symmetry, continuity, etc. Compared with the classical algorithms, the proposed method can detect and locate the first-order sea echo in the HF band more accurately especially in the environment with targets/clutters smearing. Experiments with real data verify the validity of the algorithm.

Nursing students'knowledge,willingness,and attitudes toward the first aid behavior as bystanders in traffic accident trauma:A cross-sectional survey

Objectives:The purpose of the study was to investigate the nursing students'levels of the knowledge,willingness,and attitudes toward first aid behavior as bystanders in road traffic accident and the related factors.Methods:A total of 475 nursing students were recruited by convenience choosing in Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The nursing students'self-efficacy,core self-evaluation,knowledge,willingness and attitudes toward first aid behavior as bystanders in traffic accidents were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire.Results:The scores of knowledge,willingness,and attitudes toward first aid behavior in traffic accident trauma were 7.51±1.93,15.54±5.03,and 7.73±1.56,respectively.Students who once gained training of first aid showed lower levels of attitude toward first aid behavior than those untrained(t=-2.345,P=0.019).It was found that self-efficacy was correlated to the knowledge(r=0.150,P<0.001),willingness(r=0.182,P<0.004)and attitudes toward behavior of the first aid(r=0.371,P<0.001)among nursing students.Core self-evaluation was correlated to knowledge(r=0.193,P<0.001)and attitudes toward behavior of the first aid(r=0.199,P<0.001).Conclusions:The first aid knowledge among nursing students was not satisfactory.The study suggested that an unsustainable short first-aid training program may bring negative effects.Countermeasures should be taken to ensure both quality and continuity of first aid training.Meanwhile,more attention should be paid to improving the self-efficacy and core self-evaluation of the nursing students.

Survey on AIDS related knowledge and attitude among married people of childbearing age in China

Objective:To learn about the current circumstances surrounding AIDS related knowledge,attitudes and relevant influential factors,and to provide recommendations for HIV/AIDS preven-tion and control.Methods:A cross sectional study was designed by the cluster sampling method,and a self-administered,closed,and anonymous questionnaire was administered.There were a total of 4,800 married people of childbearing age,from six counties,during the period November throughDecember,2003.Results:There were 4,693 valid questionnaires and the validity rate was 97.78%.The gen-eral correct rate of AIDS knowledge of the respondents was 63.60%.Factors such as sex,age,place of registered permanent residence and different areas had influence on the level of AIDSknowledge.Respondents knew more about AIDS transmission related knowledge than non-trans-mission related knowledge.Only 30.6% of respondents had heard about volunteer counseling andtesting(VCT)of AIDS,and just 8.5% of them thought that they had the possibility of being in-fected with HIV/AIDS,64.5% of participants were afraid of AIDS,66.5% of them thought thatHIV positive people should be quarantined,74.1% of them held that HIV positive people shouldbe forbidden to go to public places,and they would not like to have dinner(68.8%),shakehands(67.8%),or work(63.4%)with HIV positive people.Respondents of different sex,reg-istered permanent residence,education and living places had different attitudes towards HIV/AIDS.Conclusion:The AIDS knowledge level of respondents is below the goal of 75% up to 2005brought forward by National AIDS Office of China.It is very important to strengthen the Infor-mation,Education,Communication(IEC)on AIDS non-transmission related knowledge amongmarried people of childbearing age,especially those who are younger,lower educated and female.Furthermore,the knowledge about VCT should be publicized.More than half of the respondentshave negative attitudes towards AIDS patients.

Assessment of the Level of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice with Regard to Care of People Living with HIV/AIDS among Nursing and Midwifery Students in Fako, Cameroon

Due to the chronic shortage of health personnel, nurses and midwives now play a fundamental role in the care and treatment of people living with HIV/ AIDS (PLHIV) in Cameroon. This study was therefore designed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practice with regard to care of PLHIV among nursing and midwifery students in Fako division of Cameroon. A survey was performed between May and July 2015, among 227 nursing and midwifery students (in their second to final year of study), selected from 8 government accredited training institutions in Fako division of Cameroon. An anonymous self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The Pearson’s chi-square test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusting for possible confounders were all performed as part of the statistical analyses. The cutoff of statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Nursing and midwifery students had a moderate level of HIV/AIDS knowledge (average score of 7.02 on a scale of 11). Attitude towards PLHIV was generally positive (68.7%) but there were some misconceptions and prejudice about PLHIV, with considerable stigmatization (31.3%), unwillingness to share a room with someone infected with HIV (27.7%), and unwillingness to work on PLHIV (23.8%). Good HIV/AIDS knowledge was observed to be the sole independent predictor (p = 0.004) of positive attitude towards PLHIV. Fur-thermore the confidence of the respondents regarding care of PLHIV was generally moderate. Our results suggest the need for the development of a more appropriate education program in nursing and midwifery institutions in Fako division to reduce the discrepancies between the general knowledge, attitude and practice regarding care of PLHIV.

An Assessment of Comprehensive Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among Slum and Non-Slum Populations in Delhi, India

In order to design appropriate HIV prevention programs, it is important to examine the perception and knowledge of HIV/AIDS and methods of preventive. This article explores comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention methods among women and men in slum and non-slum areas in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India. Data were drawn from the National Family Health Survey, 2005-06 (NFHS-3). The sample included 3096 women aged 15 - 49 years and 1321 men aged 15 - 54 years. Pearson Chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between the study variables and the background characteristics of the slum and non-slum populations. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention methods was significantly lower among women and men in slum areas as compared with non-slum areas. Compared to men, women had less comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention methods in slum and non-slum areas, even after controlling for various demographic and socio-economic and exposure variables. Findings indicate that comprehensive knowledge of HIV prevention methods is low among women in slum areas. Interventions are needed to build knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention methods in this vulnerable group. Strategies to build awareness of HIV/AIDS could include mass media campaigns HIV/AIDS, and information, education and communication programs (IEC) on HIV/AIDS in slum areas.

Basic Knowledge and Attitudes to Promote Safe Behaviours to Grade 8 Learners Concerning Burden of Diseases Including HIV/AIDS

This paper focuses on knowledge and attitudes of Grade 8 pupils about HIV/AIDS and opportunistic diseases. In particular, people need to know what it is, how it is transmitted, how to protect themselves from it, and how to relate to people with the disease. According to the National policy for HIV/AIDS, schools are key settings for educating children about HIV/AIDS and for halting further spread of the infection. It has been noticeable that Grade 8 pupils in the rural areas around Mthatha district are particularly at risk of getting HIV. The focus is often more on Grade 11 and 12 pupils, so female Grade 10 pupils look for boys for attention. This resulted for the female pupils to fall pregnant. The fact that some of them are falling pregnant means they are also more vulnerable to contracting HIV. This shows that little information is available for them and this paper is contributing to that body of knowledge. Prevention therefore is the most effective strategy to combat pregnancy and against the spread of HIV/AIDS in schools. Measures should be taken to remove the social, cultural and political barriers that might block access to HIV/AIDS services and programmes. The results showed that while some Grade 8 pupils are aware of HIV/AIDS, there are others who said it does not exist. It has also been highlighted that the phenomenon of pupils having unprotected sex with older men for money, as well as pupils saying they did not have time to use condoms. It is therefore recommended that pupils need to have role models, people they can look up to. In the absence of parents, it should be teachers＇ responsibility to advise the pupils and inform them about Sexually Transmitted Infections （STIs） and HIV/AIDS in schools.

HIV and AIDS related knowledge, beliefs and attitudes among rural communities hard to reach in Sudan

Background and Objective: There is a rising concern about Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) related knowledge in rural communities of Sudan. This study focuses on determining the extend of knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes about HIV/ AIDS among rural communities difficult to access in the six States of Sudan. Subjects and Methods: Six thousand and one hundred twenty five respondents were interviewed through the method of house-to-house visits. A structured questionnaire was administered by research assistants recruited from the Faculty of Medicine, Khartoum University during a rural residency campaign in six states of Central, Eastern and Northern Sudan during 2008/2009. Results: Of the total interviewees, 48% were aware of the HIV/AIDS risk;46% reported to have good health seeking behaviors for HIV/AIDS. 54.4% of women reported to have better knowledge about the disease than men (45.6%). 38% (2005) had not heard of safety use of condom whereas 16% (320) had used it. Logistic regression revealed that 5.3% of knowledge about the disease was explained by gender, education and religion adjusted over age of the respondents. Conclusions: Mass media were the most common source of information about the existent risk of HIV/AIDS in rural communities. These findings could assist Sudanese National Aids Programme (SNAP), healthcare providers and policymakers to develop informative materials and health education programs to educate rural community is about the risk of HIV/AIDS.

Knowledge and Attitude of Health Care Workers toward Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in King Abdulaziz Medical City

Background: Worldwide data shows that the stigma and discrimination for AIDS patients by health care providers have a negative impact on its epidemic. It discourages people from seeking care or being tested for HIV, thus reducing access to HIV/AIDS prevention. The study aims to evaluate the knowledge of the HCWs (health care workers) in King Abdulaziz Medical City about human immunodeficiency virus infection and their attitudes when?they encounter HIV/AIDS patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed to collect data using self-administered structured questionnaire from 90 health care workers. It was distributed among HCWs in different wards in King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh in August 2014. Results: The study included a total number of 90 heath care workers, of which 31 were physicians and 59 were nurses. Around 81 (90%) of HCWs knew the causative agent for AIDS. Only 22 (24%) of HCWs knew the level of risk of HIV transmission following needle stick injury. Most of HCWs 66 (73%) knew that sexual practice was the most common mode of transmission. Around 27 (87%) of physicians and 33 (56%) of nurses were able to answer that antiretroviral therapy had the ability to control HIV-infection. In addition, 9 (10%) of HCWs believed that AIDS was curable. Conclusion: It was obvious from our study that there was some amount of general information and knowledge with our HCWs. However, an educational campaign will try to increase the level of awareness and clear any misconception or misleading theories about HIV infection with our health care workers.

Knowledge Level about HIV/AIDS among Reproductive Men in Five Counties in China

To understand the HIV/IDS knowledge level and its influential factors among reproductive men in China so as to provide scientific evidence for preventive measures. Methods Cross-sectional survey, system random sample and constructed questionnaire were used in this study. There were 1 285 male subjects who had filled in anon）,mous questionnaires. Results There were significant differences on the HIV/IDS knowledge level in different counties and different demographic characteristic people. Major inJluential factors inchtded area, urban/rural, marriage, educational level, age, consultation about HIV/AIDS. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the training of HIV/AIDS knowledge among reproductive men.

Knowledge about HIV and AIDS among Young Women

HIV and AIDS are a major health concern among women worldwide. It is important that women especially youths are educated about HIV and AIDS because they represent a window of opportunity for reversing HIV rates if effective prevention programs can reach them before they engage in risky sexual behaviour. Women are more vulnerable to HIV infection than men and play a central role in the concept of the family, in nurturing, protecting, and caring for the family. The aim of the study was to explore HIV and AIDS knowledge among young women. A qualitative exploratory approach using focus group discussions was used and content analysis was used to interpret the data. A total of 8 focus group discussions were conducted two study sites intervention and control site. The analysis revealed 6 themes namely definition of HIV and AIDS, seriousness of HIV and AIDS in the community, signs and symptoms, transmission of HIV, cure for HIV and AIDS and prevention. The findings showed that some participants had knowledge deficit on HIV and AIDS, therefore continued community sensitisation is essential.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding HIV/AIDS among Students in China

HIV/AIDS remains one of the world’s most significant public health challenges, particularly in low and middle-income region. China has witnessed a moderate effect of global HIV/AIDS endemic for which HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention program have been developed and conducted. In China the university students are among the affected target population because of the recent development of casual attitude towards sex, the rapid economic revolution and degradation of traditional value. The purpose of this paper is to describe HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and practice and identify personal risk behaviors among students in China. Selection of the articles suitable for the review was done from 2007 to 2016 on the basis of their study regarding HIV/AIDS in accordance with different students of schools, undergraduate and postgraduate study. Knowledge of the students is accordance with their education level while attitude have no relation with the knowledge and still there is unsafe sexual practice present among students. Although students have good knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS, they have still negative attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients. There are still misconceptions especially concerning mosquitos and kissing as routes of transmission of HIV. There is difficulty in separating HIV from AIDS by many students. Due to insufficient knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS among school students many of them believe that there is a medicine that can cure HIV/AIDS. Comparatively Students are more focused on knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS rather than developing and maintaining safe sexual behavior among the students. We believe that the review will help to focus further into the more effective attitude based implementation of knowledge and practice among Chinese students.

HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge among Secondary School Students in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Aim of the Study: HIV/AIDS is best viewed as a major epidemic which poses serious challenges to mankind on a global scale. The aim of this study was to assess the HIV/AIDS-related knowledge among secondary school students in Bangladesh and investigate the association between secondary school students’ socio-demographic characteristics and their level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Methods: Following multistage random sampling technique, a total of 384 students aged 11-17 years were sampled from eight secondary schools and interviewed through a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done at three stages including descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The findings of the study revealed that more than half (55.26%) of the students were above 14 years of age and their ages ranged from 11 to 17 years. This study also found that around three-fourths of the students (75.78%) watched television. With regard to knowledge, this study demonstrated that around two-fifths of the students (36.98%) had very good knowledge about HIV/AIDS and their main sources of HIV/AIDS information were television, newspaper, radio, textbooks, and teachers. The bivariate results of the study indicated that students’ age, gender, type of school, household income, fathers’ and mothers’ literacy, and watching television were significantly associated with level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. In addition, students’ age, mothers’ literacy, and watching television were found as the significant predictors of knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Watching television was documented as the best single predictor. Conclusion: The results of the study strengthen the assumption that there is an influence of students’ socio-demographic characteristics upon their knowledge about HIV/ AIDS. Moreover, this study suggests that more information on HIV/AIDS should be included in the textbooks of secondary school students in Bangladesh to enhance their knowledge about the taboo subject.

Evaluating the needs of AIDS prevention in high-prevalent areas of HIV infection in Henan province, China

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitude, behavior, and needs related to AIDS prevention and condom use in order to provide scientific basis for integrating AIDS prevention into regular family planning services (FPS).Method: From October to November 2003, we adopted the method of descriptive epidemiological study. We investigated 800 women in two townships (Wulong and Huangpu) by using cluster sampling.Results: All 800 respondents, 48. 8% of them knew that China was in a phase of rapid increase of AIDS epidemic, 62. 6% could correctly describe "three ways of AIDS transmission:sexual, blood and vertical (mother to infant)", 55.9 % believed that HIV could not definitely infect them, more than 50% thought that oral contraceptive pill could protect them from HIV infection; 41.5% did not know how to use condom correctly, 13.6% misconceived that condom could cause male sexual dysfunction, 14.9% considered that one condom could be used many times (repeated use),10.0% of the couples had ever used condom before, 3. 13% of the couples used condoms consistently and correctly. Among the women with a history of selling blood,63.9% of them sold blood more than two times, and only 2 women had ever taken HIV test.93.6% of all respondents were willing to participate in free counseling of HIV infection. 65.3 %appreciated the counseling offered by family planning service (FPS) providers. 59. 1% considered that FPS center would be the best place to provide HIV counseling in county. 94.3% were willing to participate in a free HIV testing. 52.0% considered that it would be more appropriate for FPS center to conduct the first screening HIV testing. 77. 6% hoped to know about the correct method of using condom and 46.5 % hoped to master relevant skills of condom use through participating in workshop. 87.6 % hoped to take part in health education activities related to AIDS prevention. 51.1% considered that FPS providers would be the best candidates to carry out the health education of AIDS prevention.Conclusion: Even in the high-prevalent areas of AIDS epidemic, women's perception on the situation of AIDS epidemic in China is not appropriate. Women know little about the three ways of AIDS transmission. They were lacking the awareness related to risk of infecting HIV. They did not know which contraceptive method could protect themselves from HIV infection. They also had misunderstanding and misconception regarding the condom use. Such factors mentioned above resulted in a low rate of condom use and an extremely low rate of consistent use of condom.The voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) was not sufficiently adopted in the high-risk population. The needs of AIDS prevention were great and unmet in the high HIV prevalent areas. People urgently hope that FPS network could play an important role in AIDS prevention.

艾滋病(AIDS)预防宣讲对AIDS预防控制中基础知识、传播途径及预防措施知晓情况的影响

目的 探索分析艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)预防宣教对AIDS预防控制中基础知识、传播途径以及预防措施知晓情况的影响。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年1月于本院咨询AIDS健康知识的80例高危群体视为观察对象,采取随机数表分组方法将其均分为对照组(常规AIDS宣讲,n=40例)、观察组(AIDS预防宣讲,n=40例),比较分析两组干预效果。结果观察组干预后AIDS基础知识知晓评分、传播渠道知晓评分、预防措施知晓评分、对AIDS正向态度率均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后AIDS患病率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 AIDS预防宣讲能提高AIDS高危群体对基础知识、传播途径、预防措施等知识的知晓率,降低AIDS患病率,改变其对AIDS的态度。

四川省凉山艾滋病高发地区育龄妇女和妇幼工作者AIDs／HIV相关知识知晓情况和态度调查

目的了解四川省凉山艾滋病高发地区育龄妇女和妇幼工作者对艾滋病相关知识的知晓情况和态度意识,并为制定有效的艾滋病母婴传播阻断的干预模式提供科学有效的依据。方法在凉山彝族自治州昭觉县选择2个乡共13个村的82名育龄妇女村民和44名各级妇幼工作者共126人,进行一对一双语(彝语或汉语)不记名问卷调查。结果全部调查对象对HIV所有传播途径回答正确的比例为84.9%,但所有非传播途径回答正确的比例仅为38.9%。AIDs知识得分(满分12分),妇幼工作者平均得分9.0±2.4,育龄妇女平均得分8.5±1.7,按3个等级计,可认为育龄妇女知识的掌握与妇幼工作者无明显差异(Z=-1.507,P=0.132)。除县(乡)级妇幼工作者以外,村级妇幼工作者和全部育龄妇女村民对HIV的3种非传播途径、定期服用抗生素不能预防以及目前无有效疫苗或药物预防的知晓率都很低,且对AIDs/HIV感染者歧视现象较严重。结论村级妇幼工作者和全部育龄妇女村民对除传播途径外的艾滋病其他知识相当匮乏,对HIV感染者的歧视、恐惧及过度排斥态度较严重。应加强对该地区基层妇幼工作者和育龄妇女艾滋病知识的培训和教育。