Detection of Multi-dimensional Driving Forces of Public Environmental Concern in China:Based on Spatial Heterogeneity Perspectives

Public environmental concern(PEC)is an important bottom-up force in building an environmentally sustainable society.Guided by attitude theory,this paper innovatively constructed a PEC evaluation index system,while introducing entropy weighted-TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)to realize the assessment of PEC.Exploratory spatial data analysis was used to portray the spatio-temporal evolution patterns of PEC in 362 Chinese cities at prefecture-level and above from 2011 to 2018.Furthermore,the Geodetector model was performed to identify the multi-dimensional determinants of PEC from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity.The results indicated that:1)PEC in China exhibited a fluctuating upward trend,consistent with the spatial distribution law of‘Heihe-Tengchong Line’and‘Bole-Taipei Line’;2)the driving effect of each factor varied dynamically,but in general,economic development level,population size,industrial wastewater,and education level were the dominant driving factors explaining the spatial variation of PEC;3)risk detection revealed that four factors,government environmental regulations,PM_(2.5),vegetation coverage,and natural resource endowment,had nonlinear effects on PEC;4)the interactions between factors all demonstrated an enhancement in explaining the spatial differentiation of PEC.PEC was driven by the comprehensive interaction of four-dimensional factors of economy,society,pollutant emissions,and ecology.Among them,population agglomeration accompanied by a high level of regional economy and information technology can explain the increase in PEC to the greatest extent.

Preparing a Two Column Paper with MS Word for Windows The implications of the study on green design thought about the modem city public environment facilities

With the development of modem social productivity improvement, people＇ s material life is more and more abundant. But the social environment is getting more and more bad corresponding, haze, water pollution, dust and so on make people＇ s life quality decreased greatly. Therefore, in the design community an advocate for environmental protection design trend has been emerged, namely green design trends. There is a lot of inspiration of the green design trend to the modem city public environment facilities. It advocates the ecological principles of green design are applied to the design of urban public facilities. Insist on a full process control principle, that is, in design of the urban public environment facilities fully consider the use environmental protection material, or reduce the use of raw materials, through the design make the limited resources to achieve the processing, use, scrap, recycling and reuse of a benign cycle, and reduce the impact on the environment from.

Ancient Cultural Relics in Cities and Environmental Art Design: Series I of Urban Public Environment Design

Buildings and spatial environment left by history record evolution traces of cities and significant events related to the cities, and as a particular carrier of culture, they are witnesses of city development, and show the later generations memories of the city history. In urban planning, historical images must be respected, the relation between ancient cultural relics and urban planning handled properly, city brand established, and city image improved. The author, on the basis of exploring signifi cance of urban ancient cultural relics, used practical cases to fi gure out approaches of preserving urban ancient cultural relics in urban planning.

The Impact of Central Environmental Inspections on the Perception of Respect for Human Rights and Its Empirical Analysis

To develop China’s human rights cause with a people-centered approach,we should pay close attention to the concrete experiences of the general public regarding the protection of human rights.Deepening the research on the perception of respect for human rights can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the practical achievements of the hu man rights cause.Public environmental rights,as a new type of human rights,have become an important aspect of the development of the human rights cause in the new era.The central envi ronmental inspection,as an authoritative and interventionist vertical governance mechanism,promotes the implementation of environmental policies by local Party committees and govern ments and strengthens environmental information disclosure and public participation in environ mental matters.As a result,it contributes to the realization of public environmental rights and stimulates public perception of respect for human rights.Among them,the“look-back inspec tion is an important component of the central environmental inspection,and its implemen tation consolidates and enhances the previous inspection work.An empirical analysis based on the World Values Survey’s data for China indicates that residents in the provinces that have underg one“look-back inspections are more inclined to believe that human rights are adequately re spected compared to residents in the provinces that have not underwent such inspections.It suggests that the advancement and improvement of the central environmental inspection system promote improvements in ecological environment quality and contribute to enhancing the public percep tion of respect for human rights.

On the Plaintiff's Subject Qualification for Environmental Public Interest Litigation Instituted by People's Procuratorates

Although it is not the main duty for the People's Procuratorate to institute environmental public interest litigation proceedings, the existence of "reserve" prosecution right of plaintiff not only is beneficial to timely prevention and cure of environmental damage, but also contributes indispensable judicial supervision force to the environmental legality construction. In order to safeguard environmental public interests, many local prosecutorial organizations have practiced environmental public interests litigation. Since Chinese law has not made explicit stipulation on the function of the People's Procuratorate instituting environmental public interest litigation, the plaintiff's subject qualification for environmental public interest litigation instituted by the People's Procuratorate is still in question. In order to propel the People's Procuratorate to completely and fully exercise their power of supervision and prosecution, there shall be corresponding legislation that provides powerful guarantee for the People's Procuratorate instituting environmental public interest litigation.

Carrying capacity of water environment in public tourism resources based on matter-element model

When water environmental carrying capacity of public resource tourist attraction is studied, the two action subjects of tourists and local residents should be discussed, and comprehensive consideration must be given to the influence of these two on water environment. On the basis of water resource carrying capacity and water quality carrying capacity, water environmental carrying capacity index of public resource tourist attraction was constructed, the model for the water environmental carrying capacity of public resource tourist attraction was established on the basis of matter-element model and analytical hierarchy process. By applying this method, water environmental carrying capacity situation of a certain public resource tourist attraction can be gained, moreover, situations about several aspects of water environmental carrying capacity can be evaluated.

Dialectic Approaches and Public Policy Interactions for Social, Environmental and Health Problems: Challenges for Health Promotion across Territorial Scales

A constant reproduction of environmental injustices and health iniquities has demanded the employment of participatory/dialectic approaches to research and to intervene in the reality making possible the involvement of social actors in healthy public policies. On this framework, the aim of this paper is to analyse scientific production with dialectic approaches associated with public policies in the context of social, environmental and health problems, considering territorial scales of intervention and the correspondence with some relevant strategies of health promotion. A systematic bibliographic review was applied on a wide pan-disciplinary scientific data base and 36 papers were analysed and classified by their territorial scales of approach. The amount of papers found and their spread through a variety of journals showed a modest, but increasing production which has been dispersed in terms of knowledge areas. Within the classification of territorial approaches, 14 papers were classified as local, 5 as expanded and 17 as a multi-level. Although the papers classified as local approaches were in a good structure of stakeholders’ participation, they are limited to dealing with the global driving forces that reproduce the environmental injustices. Regarding this limitation, the multilevel approaches were identified as more opportune to jointly deal with social, environmental and health problems by means of allowing interaction through multiple territorial scales, fomenting the strengthening of community action, creating supportive environments, and building healthy public policies.

Discussion of China's Environmental Public Interest Litigation System

This paper, through research on the status quo of China's environmental public interest litigation and seizing the opportunity that the Law of Civil Procedure has first clearly defined public interest litigation, focuses on analysis of present difficulties and institutional dilemma related to the environmental public interest litigation in China and involves some useful discussions of main subject scope, burden of proof, funds guarantee and stopping infringement before litigation etc.

Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Management for Better-Quality Public Health and Environmental Sustainability in the Freetown Metropolitan City in Sierra Leone

Managing waste has been an aged-old challenge, especially in developing cities, like the Freetown Metropolitan City. Solid Waste and/or waste in general is an artefact of human activities that can spring from individuals, families, community, commercial/industrial operations etc. This study is a qualitative investigation, and it is intended to gather an inclusive knowledge of solid wastes management for better public health in Freetown, the Capital City of Sierra Leone. Statistical analysis was employed to observe numerical representations on a wide range of selected data. In an attempt to achieve the aim of this research project, reviews of available online resources were exploited, and juxtaposed with everyday knowledge in the existing state of the Freetown’s municipality solid waste management. The study revealed that residents in Freetown produce an average 0.45 kg of solid waste per individual per day. It was further established that biodegradable/organic matters comprise approximately 75% to 85% of total waste stream along with assorted retired furniture, scarp metals and plastic bags as most important recyclable elements. The hitches connected with municipal solid waste management in Freetown have become palpable, spanning from the past decade to date. Among many other factors, an upsurge influx urbanisation after the 11 years brutal civil war that ended in 2001, combine up with insufficient approved dumping sites for waste disposal and institutional incapability stand out. In this project, the contemporary approach of solid waste disposal in Freetown was carefully assessed with efforts to bring out the most feasible alternatives of solid waste disposal and acclaim ways of refining its activities. It was concluded from the study that, solid wastes in the Freetown Municipality must be tackled in a synergetic approach. That is, government corroborating with private solid waste managing actors so as to enhance an excellent better-public health, sustainable environmental, urban economic development and a resourceful energy paradigm.

Environmental health in public health community practice: An integrative review of the literature

It is understood that the performance of Public Health Nursing is indispensable for the development of sustainable health communities, with regard to sub-standard living conditions in environments that include physical, chemical and biological factors influencing these conditions. This work is in an integrative review which aims to characterize how Environmental Health appears in scientific Public Health Nursing production, for the development of community health. Out of 442 articles, 30 met the search criteria. The publications covered contamination and exposure to environmental risks;strengthening of community groups for environmental health and workforce development of public health nursing for community practice in environmental health. The results summarized in the present study support the growing trend of interest in Environmental Health as knowledge which is essential to Public Health Nursing practice in the community.

Impact of Oil and Gas Activities on Acidity of Rain and Surface Water of Niger Delta, Nigeria: An Environmental and Public Health Review

Acidic aerosols resulting from gas flaring and refinery operations in the Niger Delta are a serious environmental and public health concern. Several thousand tons of flue gas components (dust particles, SOx, CO and NOx) are released into the atmosphere by flaring billions of cubic meters of natural gas, refining and volatilizing the spilt oil. Heat wave is generated by flaring travels several meters away from flare points, destroying crops, farm lands, exotic species that are hunters delight while causing extinction of fragile soil flora and fuana. The occurrence of acid rain in the region implies that the natural receptors of the area are the final recipient of land and atmospheric pollutants. In effect, the water needs and public health of the populace are greatly impeded. Nitric and sulphuric acids are regarded as the sole contributors of nitrate and sulphate in precipitation influenced by combusted hydrocarbons: fine nitrate aerosols that dissolve in rain water are conversion products of NO2 that arise from flaring, power plants and motor vehicles. Scientific evidence has shown that rain water and surface water quality in the Niger Delta can accentuate the poor health burden, and may be perpetuated through generations unborn. Diagnostic health risk assessment has revealed that drinking nitrate contaminated water may be associated with spontaneous miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, adult malignant lymphomas, soft tissues sarcomas, cancers and lesions with added health burden associated with heavy metals and other ions. All these pose public health emergency and may significantly entrench health risk for generations to come. Therefore, this manuscript is intended to close certain gaps that were not covered by toxicological information and available data on environmental and food contamination and human internal exposure: it will serve as a continuous reminder and a useful guide to public health policy makers, workers and community based physicians.

The Importance of Environmental English Public Signs to Xiong’an New Area’s Ecological Environment in China

With the establishment and development of Xiong’an New Area in China, more foreign industries and visitors will be attracted to come here. Investigations made in our study show that the environmental English public signs are very important. They can offer directions for foreigners who can’t understand Chinese well because they have these three functions: indication, suggestion and prohibition. In order to help Xiong’an New Area play its “eco card”, the translators are supposed to attach great importance to the translation of environmental English public signs.

企业数字化转型、绿色创新与碳绩效——碳排放权交易政策与公众环境关注度的调节作用

随着数字经济的迅猛发展,利用数字化优势助力企业绿色转型已成为“双碳”背景下的必然趋势。从利益相关者理论和信号理论出发,以2014—2020年中国沪深A股上市工业企业为样本,实证检验了企业数字化转型能否提升碳绩效,并探讨了绿色创新在其中的中介作用以及碳排放权交易政策和公众环境关注度的调节作用。研究发现,企业数字化转型显著提升了碳绩效,并通过绿色创新正向影响企业碳绩效水平。同时,碳排放权交易政策与公众环境关注度均能发挥显著的正向调节效应。异质性分析显示,企业数字化转型对碳绩效的促进作用在非高新技术企业和高市场竞争程度的情境下更为明显,但产权性质的影响并不显著。研究结论厘清了企业通过数字化转型促进绿色创新进而提升碳绩效的驱动机制,为推进企业数字化转型以实现绿色发展具有重要参考意义。

公众环境关注度促进了绿色金融发展吗?--来自中国284个城市的经验证据

基于2011—2019年中国284个城市的面板数据,实证检验了公众环境关注度对绿色金融发展的影响。研究结果表明,公众环境关注度对绿色金融发展存在显著正向影响,这一结论在经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。传导机制检验表明,公众环境关注度促进政府提高环境规制强度,进而推动绿色金融发展。调节性效应检验表明,地区经济发展水平、地区绿色创新水平能够正向调节公众环境关注度对绿色金融的正向影响。异质性检验表明,在中西部地区、教育水平较高、污染排放量较高、环境信息公开的地区,公众环境关注度对绿色金融的促进作用更加显著。推进绿色金融发展必须激发公众对环境的关注,完善公众参与机制,提升绿色创新水平,制定差异化发展战略。

Research on Public Participation and Information Publicity in Strategic Environmental Assessment

It has been generally recognized that strategic environmental assessment integrates environment and development into decision-making and becomes an important decision-making tool for implementing sustainable development. This paper firstly introduces the relationships of SEA, public participation(PP)and information publicity(IP),then discusses the key parts in enforcing the effective process of PP: They are the methods for how to make sufficient information open (What), when to implement PP (When), who will determinate the public (Who), and how to make the models of PP (How). Six cases are compared and analyzed. At last, ways to improve the effectiveness of PP in China is also presented.

公众环境关注度对企业碳绩效水平的影响研究

基于中国A股工业行业上市公司2011~2019年的数据,探讨公众环境关注度与企业碳绩效水平的关系。研究发现:公众环境关注度能够有效提升企业的碳绩效水平,在进行工具变量法等稳健性检验后,该结论依然成立。机制分析表明,公众环境关注度通过两条路径对企业的碳绩效水平产生积极影响,即促进企业绿色技术创新和优化地区能源消费结构。异质性检验表明,公众环境关注度对企业碳绩效水平的提升作用,在地方环境规制更强、低碳试点城市的企业、社会责任表现较差的企业中更加明显,且对不同产权性质的国企和非国企都发挥了显著影响。

论风险预防原则在环境司法适用中的谦抑性

风险预防原则在当下环境法中的司法适用,游走在能动与谦抑之间,且呈现出过度能动倾向。“谦抑性”是对风险预防原则适用“分寸”之理论回应,其法理基础可从风险预防原则的规范基础、固有局限以及司法属性等层面予以诠释。风险预防原则在环境法中适用的谦抑性可被解构为“补充性”“有限性”“温和性”和“内敛性”四要素,由此推理出风险预防原则在环境司法中谦抑性适用的制度框架:在实体上,应促成风险预防原则在环境法典上的体现,只有在对照生态环境风险标准的前提下存在科学不确定性时,方能动用风险预防原则,其适用遵循整体温和的类型化理路。在程序上,诉讼推进阶段下的司法适用应严守职权探知界限,配置阶段化举证责任和类型化的诉前程序;案件裁判阶段下的司法适用不得超出认定事实范围,同时应对援引的风险预防原则附加适用理由。

论湿地保护领域中的预防性环境行政公益诉讼

传统的湿地保护模式具有“行政执法人员的机会主义”“多元规制机构的协调难题”“持续性的运行成本支出”等相对劣势。为实现对于湿地生态的全过程保护,督促湿地行政主管部门积极履职,有必要将预防性环境行政公益诉讼纳入湿地保护体系。应通过立法或司法解释,明确预防性环境行政公益诉讼的提起范围、提出时机和诉讼程序。

Environmental Infrasound and Its Impact on Public Health in the Kashmir Region

In earlier published studies it was shown that an anomalous degree of human physiological ailments and a psychology of sustained anger and violence exist in highly populated countries located on boundaries of colliding Tectonic Plates in three continents at Latitude 34&#176 north. The Valley of Kashmir in Northern India is also located exactly on this latitude, hence chosen for detailed experimental verification of this phenomenon. This region also suffers from chronic public health hazards. Infrasound is very low frequency acoustic wave with frequencies ranging from 0.01 Hz to 20 Hz. It emanates from earthquakes, geological Faults, colliding tectonic plates and atmospheric wind turbulence. Hearing protections like ear muffs and ear plugs offer little protection. One single earthquake can cause multiple infrasound sources in a region. It is shown how regional geomorphology in the Kashmir Valley enhances and sustains this phenomenon. Both the percentage of population with hearing disabilities;and casualties due to social violence increase or decrease in proportion to frequency of earthquakes. Infrasound is shown to be the causal linkage. Public health hazards due to environmental infrasound closely resemble public health hazards actually being suffered by the population in Kashmir as established by formal and extensive medical investigations. Hence a Field Study was carried out to locate and record infrasound emissions in ten locations near 34&#176N latitude in Kashmir Valley. An analytical technique was developed to integrate infrasound spectrum in specific locations with public health hazards. It was discovered that infrasound recorded in South Kashmir around 34&#176N latitude at the locations of highest amplitude lies in proximity of Active Faults from earthquake ruptures;and in proximity to a large field of past earthquakes that took place in 2006-2012. A comprehensive public health security system needs to be set up very urgently. Technological measures are identified and appropriate technologies suggested cordoning off and mitigating this natural environmental hazard in the Kashmir Valley.

道阻且长,“行”者将“治”:公共事务的行为治理之道

行为治理是将行为科学洞见应用于公共治理场域而发展出的治理新模式。行为治理关注政府、组织和公民三类核心治理主体在互动过程中的心理、认知及行为规律,并分析治理主体互动关系的元素特征如何影响主体行为,同时更全面地考虑环境因素对微观行为的影响,以及个体行为汇聚为集体行动并产生更广泛治理结果的机制。行为治理呼吁治理工具的组合运用,强调“助推”和“助力”两大行为工具的内部融通,重视行为工具与传统工具的外部联动。行为治理脱胎于行为公共管理和行为公共政策,更强调各主体间的互动性,更重视环境的复杂性,更主张治理工具在内外部及各层次上的融会贯通。行为治理紧扣治理主体的行为要素,自下而上、从微观到宏观,丰富国家治理现代化的思想库和工具箱。