An Internet Key Exchange Protocol Based on Public Key Infrastructure

Internet key exchange (IKE) is an automated key exchange mechanism that is used to facilitate the transfer of IPSec security associations (SAs). Public key infrastructure (PKI) is considered as a key element for providing security to new distributed communication networks and services. In this paper, we concentrate on the properties of the protocol of Phase 1 IKE. After investigating IKE protocol and PKI technology, we combine IKE protocol and PKI and present an implementation scheme of the IKE based on PKI. Then, we give a logic analysis of the proposed protocol with the BAN-logic and discuss the security of the protocol. The result indicates that the protocol is correct and satisfies the security requirements of Internet key exchange.

Delivery Invoice Information Classification System for Joint Courier Logistics Infrastructure

With the growth of the online market,demand for logistics and courier cargo is increasing rapidly.Accordingly,in the case of urban areas,road congestion and environmental problems due to cargo vehicles are mainly occurring.The joint courier logistics system,a plan to solve this problem,aims to establish an efficient logistics transportation system by utilizing one joint logistics delivery terminal by several logistics and delivery companies.However,several courier companies use different types of courier invoices.Such a system has a problem of information data transmission interruption.Therefore,the data processing process was systematically analyzed,a practically feasible methodology was devised,and delivery invoice information processing standards were established for this.In addition,the importance of this paper can be emphasized in terms of data processing in the logistics sector,which is expected to grow rapidly in the future.The results of this study can be used as basic data for the implementation of the logistics joint delivery terminal system in the future.And it can be used as a basis for securing the operational reliability of the joint courier logistics system.

The Development of Intelligent Operation Method of Urban Public Infrastructure Driven by Accurate Spatio-temporal Information

Urban public infrastructure is an important basis for urban development.It is of great significance to deepen the research on intelligent management and control of urban public infrastructure.Spatio-temporal information contains the law of state evolution of urban public infrastructure,which is the information base of intelligent control of infrastructure.Due to the needs of operation management and emergency response,efficient sharing and visualization of spatio-temporal information are important research contents of comprehensive management and control of urban public infrastructure.On the basis of summarizing the theoretical research and application in recent years,the basic methods and current situation of the acquisition and analysis of spatio-temporal information,the forecast and early warning,and the intelligent control of urban public infrastructure are reviewed in this paper.

Public Key Infrastructure: An Enhanced Validation Framework

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a comprehensive information security framework for providing secure information and communication over the internet. Its need and use has grown over the years and continually grows. This research work examines the current PKI framework’s validation process as operated by vendors and subscribers to identify the drawbacks and propose enhanced approaches to its validation mechanism. Using an approach of reviewing secondary data, critical weaknesses of integrity, proof of trust and single point-of-failure were identified with the current PKI framework. This study therefore advances proposed solutions to address the identified weaknesses by specifically introducing multiple Certificate Authorities, storage, visibility and searchability of subscriber information in public repository. A comprehensive detail of its implementation is proposed to address the identified weaknesses of uncertain integrity, trust for certificate authorities and prevent a single point of failure. Furthermore, the proposed enhancements are validated with the protection motivation theory and a framework for empirically testing the enhancements is suggested. Further research would be required to factor in multi-factor authentication without compromising performance.

An Empirical Study on the Influence of Agricultural Public Infrastructure on Total Factor Productivity of China’s Grain Production

A critical method of ensuring grain production is to increase the total factor productivity(TFP),and the key measure to increase the TFP of grain production lies in the construction of agricultural public infrastructure.For this topic,existing literature lacks systematic and empirical analysis.Therefore,research on the influence of agricultural public infrastructure on the TFP of China’s grain production has relatively strong policy implications and theoretical value.For this study,we collected panel data for grain inputs and outputs as well as for agricultural public infrastructure in China’s provinces(autonomous regions/municipalities)from 1990 to 2017,and adopted the stochastic frontier function(SFF)approach to measure the TFP of provincial-level grain production.Through this empirical study,we analyzed the influence of agricultural public infrastructures,such as irrigation,roads,and electric power facilities on the TFP of China’s agriculture.We found that such facilities have a positive influence on the TFP of grain production.Specifically,when the input for irrigation facilities is increased by 1 percent,the TFP of grain production will rise by 5.74 percent.Based on this finding,policy recommendations are proposed for enhancing grain TFP through agricultural public infrastructure construction.

Public Perception on the Role of Urban Green Infrastructure Development and Land Use Management in Rapidly Urbanized Countries:The Case of Hawassa City,Ethiopia

Urban green areas are essential elements of cities and contribute to the quality of life in numerous ways by maintaining and regulating the environment.However,increased urbanization and development have placed urban green areas under extreme pressure,while unplanned urban growth has resulted in the loss of urban landscape and ecosystem.This study’s objective was the public perception on the role of urban green infrastructure and land use management.The 385 sample households were selected by using random sampling method.Descriptive and econometric analyses were used for analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data by using SPSS version 25.Among the major factors influencing the urban green infrastructure by respondents perception were education,income,family size,sex of respondent,marital status,type of employment,ownership of house,participation on public involvement,and frequency of visit to nearer planning which are significant variables in the model.Individuals visited the given green structure at least twice a week,and those not done it were 47.9% and 52.1%.The amount of individuals who visited it twice a week in positive perceivers was 64%,and the amount of those who have not done it was 36%.The Chi-square value of 10.9 was very big and telling us that the frequency of visit was determinant factor of perception.It is vital to keep in mind that while the built-up area and the agricultural areas are rising due to urbanization,the core-ecosystem land is being“eaten”as a result of the past and present land uses inside the administrative limits,as well as the services they provide.In the last 6 years,the rate at which the most precious ecosystems are disappearing has tripled.The population,which reflects the demand for these services and benefits,is still growing,putting more strain on the environment.The recommendations include:Public involvement in urban green space planning and development was determinant and core variable of the study.The government of the town administration should prepare the meeting.The result showed a high correlation between urban green planning and land use changes.

Developing Framework for Alternative Funding Options in Water Infrastructure Projects

The United States is facing a crisis in which less financial resources are available to maintain the quality and to meet increasing demand of our water infrastructure system. Water utility owners across the nation are faced with the incredible challenge of finding ways to invest because of limited government funding, from local to federal levels. The funding gap between available and necessary funds has been increasing and expected to increase in the future. With government unable to provide adequate funding, water utility owners should consider alternative funding sources such as private partnerships and investment. There are many key aspects of an effective funding strategy for water utility owners to achieve successful water infrastructure planning and development. This paper presents various funding alternatives and provides a framework for utilizing alternative funding in water infrastructure planning and development to help alleviate funding gaps while simultaneously encouraging future sustainability in public water infrastructure.

Arequipa’s Population Perception in Regard to the Infrastructure of the Avenues Venezuela and Daniel Alcides Carrión

The present study corresponds to a descriptive research, whose objective seeks to determine the level of satisfaction of the population of Arequipa city, in respect of public works infrastructure executed in the Avenues Venezuela and Daniel Alcides Carrion. We designed a survey questionnaire which was applied to 384 people randomly for convenience, in the areas surrounding the road interchange. The results showed that a 65.10% believed that the infrastructure works had a positive impact, in addition to a 52.86% and 7.29% of people who were satisfied and very satisfied respectively, with the vial exchange carried out in the Avenues Venezuela and Daniel Alcides Carrion.

An Appraisal of Water Availability, Infrastructures for Faecal Disposal and the Potential of Spread of Infectious Diseases in the Traveling Agencies and Motor Parks in the City of Yaounde (Cameroon)

The number of interurban and urban-rural travelers in the city of Yaounde has recently exceeded one hundred thousand per year, yet surprisingly few studies have assessed travelers’ behavior, illness, and risk factors in a sanitary risks setting. Particularly scarce are surveys of data spanning travel, return, and follow-up of the same cohort in traveling agencies and parks. This study examines behavior and illness among travelers moving from Yaounde to other urban and rural areas of Cameroon and beyond. Patterns of behavior connected to a type of travel and illness are characterized in this study so as to identify risks factors and provide background data for pre-travel advice in our traveling agencies. Assessing the susceptibility that imported cases could pose to the national response to infectious diseases depends both on public health, health services and infrastructures. The six agencies assessed: Nvan, Mokolo, Tongolo, Biyem Assi, Mimbowman and Etoudi reveal that the sanitary infrastructures for faecal and urinary disposal are not sufficient and more so, some agencies do not keep enough cleanliness, let alone provide adequate hand washing material as prescribed by national and international concerns to combat the global health challenges. This could be an impediment to travellers going out or inside of the city, and could be a preponderant mechanism for the spread of infectious disease as presented by the infectious diseases isolated and identified in the health districts around the travelling agencies.

西部地区推进乡村建设的现实困难与思路举措

乡村建设是实施乡村振兴战略的重要任务。现阶段乡村建设的最大短板在西部地区,最大难点也在西部地区。与东部、中部地区相比,西部地区乡村建设面临基础设施建设尚不健全、补齐乡村基础设施短板任务重,公共服务能力明显不足、推进城乡基本公共服务均等化难度高,产业基础相对薄弱、实现脱贫产业健康发展挑战多,人居环境整治提升地域差异性、农民主体性和操作实效性重视不够,以及乡村要素持续外流和公共财力投入有限等一系列突出难题。今后一个时期,应遵循城乡发展规律和乡村建设规律,立足西部实际和农民现实需要,给予西部地区乡村建设特殊且有效的帮扶措施,学习应用“千万工程”经验,稳步提升西部乡村基础设施完备度、公共服务便利度、特色产业持续性、人居环境舒适度和农民群众幸福感,不断夯实中国特色农业强国和社会主义现代化强国建设基础。

社区公共体育服务建设状况及发展路径研究

随着人民生活水平的提高,人们对追求生活的质量不断提升,对社区公共体育服务的需求也在不断提升。本文通过文献资料法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法对目前社区公共体育服务建设进行研究,将进一步对社区公共体育服务建设状况及发展路径展开探讨。研究得出,社区体育发展面临基础设施不完善、专业的社会体育指导人才较匮乏、社区体育服务管理体制不健全和网络化体育服务发展进程缓慢。建议增加社区公共体育服务的资金投入、建立专门的社会体育指导人才培养体系、加强社区公共体育服务的转型管理工作,以及加快社区体育网络化服务发展,以期助力全民健身可持续发展。

乡村振兴背景下淮安市乡村公共空间环境提升研究

在实施乡村振兴战略背景下,公共空间治理是解决基层治理难题、实现农村高质量发展的必要途径,更是实现乡村振兴的重要抓手。文章从空间规划、政策机制和治理体系三个方面探讨乡村公共空间治理存在问题的原因。从乡村公共空间全面治理、推进集体资产增效、提高农村生活品质和推进农村生态环境治理四个方面改善淮安市乡村公共空间环境,为我国乡村可持续发展贡献智慧与力量。

城市交通发展重点问题研讨——《面向2035年中国城市交通发展战略》发布会圆桌讨论

2024年3月29日,国家自然科学基金委员会重点项目成果暨《面向2035年中国城市交通发展战略》新书发布会在北京召开。这是继1995年《中国城市交通发展战略》之后又一部中国城市交通发展战略的专著,针对城市交通理论问题和交通治理实践,将国家自然科学基金一系列课题研究成果及十年来中国城市交通发展论坛的研讨成果进行了转化。围绕成果中的重点行动,特邀专家聚焦“小汽车使用管理+停车治理”缓解拥堵、绿色交通是城市发展的必然选择、综合交通体系引领培育现代化都市圈、新型基础设施推动城市转型发展等方面分享了善政良策。

提升乡村建设水平:现实基础、关键问题与对策建议

提升乡村建设水平,是全面推进乡村振兴的关键抓手,是加快农业农村现代化的必然选择。党的十八大以来,村庄实用规划加速普及、基础设施短板不断补齐、基本公共服务水平逐步提高、农村人居环境明显改善,为新阶段提升乡村建设水平奠定了坚实基础。与此同时,村庄规划实用性前瞻性不够、农村基础设施建设存在弱项、农村公共服务基础有待巩固、乡村建设资金投入保障不强、乡村建设参与主体动力不足,仍是当前和今后一个时期推进乡村建设面临的主要问题。新时代新征程,提升乡村建设水平,要完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念,坚持政府引导与农民参与、建管并重与强化监督相结合,加强农村基础设施建设和农村公共服务体系建设,强化农村资金投入保障和补齐乡村建设质量标准短板,组织带动农民积极参与乡村建设。

公共基础设施如何影响农地转入增收效应?——基于生产决策与市场接入视角的实证分析

基于陕川渝三省(市)的1436份农户调查数据,对公共基础设施与农户生产决策和市场接入的内在联系进行探讨,进一步厘清在不同公共基础设施水平下农地转入对农户农业收入的影响。结果表明,农地转入促进了家庭农业收入的增长,且生产性公共基础设施和交易效率公共基础设施均能增强农地转入的增收效应。机制分析发现,生产性基础设施通过影响要素投入和种植行为两方面的生产决策提高增收效应,具体包括种子、化肥和农业机械投入的提升,以及减少玉米、增加水稻种植的结构调整。交易效率基础设施尽管对农户的要素投入决策无影响,但能够优化其种植行为决策,表现为既提高种植类型调整频率和经济作物种植概率,又能提升农户的市场接入水平,主要是增强对粮价的关切及拓宽农业销售渠道。异质性分析表明,生产性基础设施强化青年农户与高学历农户的农地转入增收效应更为显著,而交易效率基础设施增强了传统小农和市场型农地转入的增收效应。因此,应进一步完善农村生产性与交易效率等公共基础设施的建设,以充分释放其在农地增收效应中发挥的重要促进作用。

系统论视角下农村基础设施与公共服务发展研究

解决好基础设施建设和公共服务供给问题是全面推进乡村振兴的重点问题。基于系统论视角,从数量和空间两个方面出发,探究二者之间的发展规律。(1)构建农村基础设施与公共服务综合评价指标体系,并采用熵值法进行指标权重赋值。(2)在数量方面,进行格兰杰因果关系检验,找出二者发展是否存在相互影响。(3)在空间方面,构建耦合协调度模型,对二者发展的耦合协调性进行分析,以找出二者相互影响的程度。研究发现:(1)农村基础设施和农村公共服务发展存在双向格兰杰因果关系。(2)就耦合性来说,二者目前处于中低度耦合阶段,尚未达到良性共振;就协调性来说,二者目前处于中低度协调阶段,和谐一致、协调发展程度有待于进一步提升。(3)二者的耦合性和协调性整体上呈现上升趋势。最后根据二级指标权重确定改善方案,以实现二者良性共振,协调发展。

数智赋能体育公共服务转型研究

运用文献资料、逻辑推理等研究方法,对我国数智赋能体育公共服务转型的现实逻辑、发展机制进行研究,并提出实现路径,以期为我国公共体育服务转型升级提供参考。结果表明:转型的现实逻辑为国家政策引导、用户需求驱动、国际环境促使以及科技创新推动;转型的发展机制为体育信息公开化机制、体育资源整合化机制以及体育服务网络化机制;转型的实现路径为更新基础设施、健全法规制度、加强人才引进以及完善考评制度。