Wearability of Copper Ion Complex Bamboo Pulp Knitted Fabrics with Chitosan Pretreatment

Wearability is one of important factors for the textile product quality. The wearability of bamboo pulp knitted fabrics was mainly discussed which were treated with chitosan and cupper ammonia solution. Tensile and bursting properties, abrasion resistance,drapability,air permeability,moisture-penetrability and warmth retention properties of fabrics were tested to investigate the changes. The results showed that chitosan pretreatment improved the tensile and bursting strengths,abrasion resistance and moisture penetrability,but decreased the drapability and air permeability.Copper ammonia solution treatments decreased the tensile and bursting strengths,abrasion resistance and air permeability,but increased the drapability, moisture penetrability and warmth retention properties.

Green and Effective Ammonium Carbonate-assisted Process for Drying Hemicellulose Obtained through Alkali Extraction of Bleached Bamboo Kraft Pulp

Hemicellulose has a wide range of applications,including that as an emulsifier for the food industry and raw material for the synthesis of bioethanol/biochemicals and biodegradable films.Hemicellulose is usually present as a spent liquor,such as the prehydrolysis liquor of the prehydrolysis kraft dissolving pulp production process and the alkali extraction liquor of the cold caustic extraction of pulp fibers.Due to its dilute nature,hemicellulose needs to be dried for practical utilization,and this is challenging.In this study,cellulose and hemicellulose in a bleached bamboo kraft pulp were separated using an alkali extraction process.Hemicellulose obtained from the extraction liquor was dried by an ammonium carbonate-assisted drying process.The effects of drying time and drying temperature were determined.Structure of the hemicellulose obtained by the ammonium carbonate-assisted drying process was similar to that of original hemicellulose,as revealed by detailed Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction analyses.The novel drying method was more energy efficient and required a shorter drying time than the conventional freeze drying method,and the excellent solubility in alkaline solutions favored the chemical modification of hemicellulose.The dried hemicellulose can be used as a renewable raw material for the preparation of hydrogels and other substances such as bioethanol/biochemicals and biodegradable films.

Characterization of Structure and Property of the Monocarboxyl Bamboo Pulp Fibers

The oxidized bamboo pulp fiber yarns were prepared by the HNO3?/H3PO4-NaNO2 oxidation system. The effects of the oxidation concentration and reaction time on the weight loss, the carboxyl content and the breaking strength of the bamboo pulp fiber yarns were studied and the aggregation structure was investigated by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed an increase in carboxyl content and a decrease in breaking strength of oxidized bamboo pulp fiber yarns with increasing concentration of oxidant and reaction time. The breaking strength of oxidized bamboo fiber yarns was damaged seriously once the reaction time was more than 120 min or the concentration of oxidant was greater than 1.0%. The crystallinity of bamboo pulp fibers increased slightly under low oxidation degree but decreased with higher oxidation degree.

Effect of Acetic Acid Prehydrolysis on Unbleached Bamboo Pulp Production

Bamboo was used as raw material for unbleached pulp production.An acetic acid prehydrolysis process was employed before the pulping process.The effect of acetic acid prehydrolysis on pulp properties was investigated.The results showed that some components,such as hemicellulose and extractives,were degraded or dissolved in the prehydrolysis process prior to kraft pulping.SEM images of the substrate after treatment indicated that the parenchyma cell wall was thinner,and the size of pores between fiber bundle cell walls was larger.The pulping results showed that acetic acid prehydrolysis could improve the pulp quality and make the pulp easier to bleach.The brightness of the pulp reached 59.6%ISO with a single oxygen delignification step.The acetic acid prehydrolysis decreased pulp viscosity and fiber length,but not significantly.The amount of parenchyma cells in the pulp was reduced,which was beneficial for papermaking and improving mechanical strength of paper.This procedure has good potential for unbleached pulp production.

Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Bamboo Pulp Fiber Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites:Influence of Nano CaCO_(3)Treatment and Manufacturing Process with Different Pressure Ratings

In order to investigate the effect of the relative motion of nano CaCO_(3)reinforced bamboo pulp fiber(BPF)/HDPE composite components on the mechanical performance,a comparative study was performed.BPF was treated by nano CaCO_(3)blending(BM)and impregnation modification(IM)technology.The composites were produced using hot press(HPMP),extrusion(EMP)and injection molding process(IMP).The physical morphology of BPF was similar at different manufacturing processes.Compared to the samples manufactured by HPMP,a decrease in the(specific)flexural strength of BPF/HDPE composites and an increase in those of composites treated by nano CaCO_(3)manufactured by EMP and IMP were observed.The injection molded composites exhibited the best values in the(specific)impact strength,(specific)tensile properties.IM had a greater effect on the rheological behavior of the composites than BM,and nano CaCO_(3)treatment most effectively affected the performance of the extrusion molded composites.

Bamboo Plantations to Augment Pulp Production

由于作为纸浆工业的原材料 ,因此竹子在非木质林产品中占有重要的位置。然而 ,过量采伐和人口增长 ,热带林的破坏以及工业原料的新需求 ,尤其是纸浆工业 ,导致竹子资源大量减少 ,目前面临锐减的形势。国家农业委员会发表的数字表明 ,1980和 2 0 0 0年的需求与产出为 4 2 5 .0万t和 875 .0万t,需求与供给之间出现增长的差距。可以看出 ,只有通过人工林增长的方法和有效地利用现有的资源才能达到可持续性。

Effects of Ultrasonic Treatment on Kraft Pulping of Bamboo

By applying ultrasound at different stage of kraft pulping process, the properties of kraft pulp produced by ultrasonic treatment were studied and compared with those by conventional method. The results indicated that, while the performances of the pulp were close to conventional kraft pulp, the chemical-to-wood ratio decreased from 20% to 17.5%, cooking time was shortened from 140 to 120 rain, and the yield increased. When the ultrasound came into play at the 90th minute during pulping process, the properties of the produced bamboo fiber were the most desirable.

Effects of supercritical ammonia on bamboo pulping

We investigated the effects of supercritical ammonia on pulping of bamboo in a preliminary study,using testers such as differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,X-ray diffraction（XRD） and energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）.The results indicate that under supercritical conditions at 185-190°C,it is possible for the ammonia to realize bamboo pulping.Compared with conventional kraft pulping,the products can meet the quality requirements of industrial paper.

REFINING BEHAVIOUR OF BAMBOO LONG FIBRE FRACTION PULP

Refining of pulp significantly contributes to papermaking process by affecting the runnability of the stock and quality of end product. The greater the production rates of a paper, the greater are the effects of machine downtime through breaks. A correct approach towards refining treatment is very essential for energy savings and product with desired properties. Papermakers are being encouraged to use non-wood fibres for a variety of reasons - the environment, changing agricultural policy and long-term fibre supply. Compared with wood fibres, there is less knowledge on how to treat non-wood fibres for optimum performance. Laboratory studies aimed at understanding the behaviour of unbleached bamboo long fibre fraction pulp on refining in Escher Wyss Laborefiner under simulated process conditions included investigations of the important parameters like wet web tensile, wet web elongation, water retention value and paper strength properties. The paper describes the influence of two specific edge loads, 1000 and 1500 Ws/km on refining of pulp. Bamboo long fibre fraction pulp responds better to lower intensity refining to develop pulp strength.

STUDY ON THE ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE BLEACHING OF BAMBOO KRAFT PULP

The influential factors of DQP bleaching, chlorine dioxide bleaching, chelation and hydrogen peroxide bleaching, of bamboo kraft pulp were studied. The pH value in D stage, dosage of EDTA in Q stage and charge of MgSO4 in P stage were optimized. The results indicated that good results of chlorine dioxide bleaching were obtained under the conditions of ClO2 2.0%,pH 4, and the highest final brightness(86.4%ISO) and the lowest final Kappa number(1.37) were attained when the charge of EDTA in Q stage was 0.4%, charge of MgSO4 in P stage was 0.2%, and the other conditions of P stage : pulp consistency 10%, H2O2 charge 2.5%, NaOH charge 1.4%, temperature 90℃ and time 120 min. A comparison of bleaching results, pulp strength and effluent characteristics of bamboo kraft pulp between DQP and CEH sequences was done. The results indicated that bamboo kraft pulp could be bleached to brightness of above 83%ISO by both DQP and CEH sequences. Compared with CEH bleached pulp, DQP bleached pulp had slightly lower brightness, better brightness stability, higher pulp viscosity, better strength properties and lower pollution loads.

纸浆竹林研究现状与发展趋势

本文系统分析了我国纸浆用竹发展概况、竹材造纸特性、竹材制浆技术现状、发展机遇与挑战等方面的问题,并就竹材发展潜力和趋势提出了观点,以探索绿色、低碳、环保、完善、合理的竹浆纸高质量发展路径。

纤维素结晶度对纸张静电感应性能影响的研究

纤维素的晶体结构、结晶度对纤维材料介电性能有很大影响,直接影响纤维素材料静电感应性能。本研究以竹浆纤维为原材料,通过不同的热压条件控制纤维素结晶度,利用XRD、FTIR、静电计等手段,对循环处理后纤维素的结晶度、分子结构变化、电学性能等进行分析,探究纤维素结晶度与纸张抗张指数、纤维电学性能之间的关系。结果表明,竹浆纤维纸张的抗张指数随其结晶度的升高略有降低,而静电感应性能有上升趋势。

竹浆与油樟渣浆配抄瓦楞原纸及强度性能研究

本研究对市售本色竹浆进行筛分,利用筛分出的粒径<0.6 mm的短小纤维竹浆与蒸油后的油樟渣浆配抄瓦楞原纸。结果表明,抄纸中加入25%针叶木浆、0.5%阳离子淀粉(CS)、0.4%阳离子聚丙烯酰氨(CPAM)和1.8%聚酰胺环氧氯丙烷树脂(PAE,质量分数9.5%),短小纤维竹浆(未打浆)与油樟渣浆按质量比10∶90配抄,未经熟化处理的纸张裂断长2.66 km,环压指数5.60 N·m/g,达到了瓦楞原纸GB/T 13023—2008合格品要求;当短小纤维竹浆打浆度35.8°SR时,与油樟渣浆按照质量比30∶70配抄,并经110℃、15 min熟化处理,纸张裂断长4.75 km、环压指数8.24 N·m/g、耐破指数2.80 kPa·m^(2)/g、耐折度15次,其中裂断长和环压指数均达到瓦楞原纸GB/T 13023—2008优等品要求,耐破指数和耐折度指标均达箱纸板GB/T 13024—2016合格品要求。

杂细胞对Lyocell级竹溶解浆溶解性能及可纺性能的研究

本研究以自制楠竹溶解浆为研究对象,探讨了杂细胞对楠竹溶解浆的纤维形态、溶解浆性能、溶解性能和可纺性能的影响。结果表明,未筛除杂细胞的楠竹溶解浆,其抗碱性(R_(10)和R_(18))以及聚戊糖和抽出物含量技术指标均优于市售进口溶解浆,但在NMMO水溶液中的溶解性能和纤维溶解状态较差;筛除杂细胞后的楠竹溶解浆,其溶解浆的各项纯度指标均得到有效提升,溶解性能和可纺性能得到明显改善。

GPAM增强剂在生活用纸中的应用实践

竹浆作为木浆的替代品已在生活用纸生产中得到广泛应用,但其成纸强度低于木浆。为保证成纸强度,稳定生产运行,本文从实验室小试及生产应用两方面对增强剂GPAM应用进行分析评价。结果表明,GPAM不仅可提升成纸的干抗张强度,还能提升成纸的湿抗张强度、降低湿强剂的用量。

纺织用竹浆纤维在酸碱试剂下的抗菌性能研究

为探究酸碱试剂对竹浆纤维抗菌性的影响,分别选择不同质量浓度的氢氧化钠和硫酸试剂,分析其在不同处理时间与温度下对竹浆纤维抗菌性能的影响。结果显示,温度、处理时间以及试剂质量浓度不同时,竹浆纤维的抗菌性能均存在一定差异;在硫酸或氢氧化钠处理后,竹浆纤维的抑菌率大多在70%以上,且试剂处理时间对竹浆纤维抗菌能力的影响最为显著。

纯纺再生纤维素纤维纱线特点和浆纱工艺

为提升再生纤维素纤维纱线的浆纱质量,分析对比粘胶、莱赛尔、莫代尔和竹浆纤维等4种再生纤维素纤维的化学组成成分和微观结构的异同点、物理指标的差异以及对应集聚纺纱线指标和织物规格;通过对比试验,确定浆液含固量、粘度、上浆率、伸长率、温度和回潮率等主要浆纱工艺参数,分析其技术难点及浆纱质量指标。指出:不同纤维素纤维微观结构不同,物理性能指标差异较大,在高压高温湿热的浆纱条件下,要根据纤维的成分、纱线号数采取适宜的工艺参数,以保证浆纱质量稳定、织造顺利进行和良好的布面质量。

Geographic variation and provenance-selection for bamboo wood properties in Bambusachungii

Using 3-year-old culms of 8 provenances of Bambusa chungii from Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan Provinces, the indexes of wood properties, such as fiber dimensions and chemical composition were investigated and analyzed by the methods of Analysis of variance and correlation coefficient to reveal the geographic genetic variation situation. The results showed that there are significant differences be- tween fiber length, fibrin and 1% NaOH extraction contents of B. chungii from 8 provenances; moreover, the fiber length and fiber length/width ratio had a decreasing change pattern with geographic variation from the south to the north in altitude （from high to low in ele- vation）. The heritabilities for fibrin, fiber length, 1% NaOH extractive, lignin and fiber length/width ratio were 0.7, 0.84, 0.54, 0.38 and 0.13, respectively. A significant negative correlation was found between 1% NaOH extraction, benzo-alcohol extraction contents and bamboo culm yield, whereas there was a significant positive correlation between fibrin contents and bamboo wood yield. Besides, a close correlation was detected between fiber dimensions indices and bamboo growth or bamboo wood yield. Finally, three provenances with high qualities and culm yield, i.e. Huaiji, Xinyi and Guilin, were selected as superior sources based on principal component analysis.

推行竹浆纸一体化实现竹子造纸持续发展

本文分析了我国竹子制浆造纸的发展现状,提出了推行竹浆纸一体化发展的必要性,并给出了竹浆纸一体化发展的建议。实施竹浆纸一体化是一项综合工程,政府职能部门应因地制宜科学合理进行产业布局,制订相关政策、协调各方关系;企业应树立竹浆纸一体化发展意识,开展机制体制创新,多方合作构建多元模式的竹浆纸一体化项目;金融机构和科研院所也应积极行动起来,为竹浆纸一体化发展开展精准有效的服务。

硫酸盐竹浆杂细胞含量对打浆过程纤维形态的影响

以硫酸盐竹浆为研究对象,利用纤维筛分仪分离竹纤维与杂细胞,对打浆过程中不同杂细胞含量竹浆的纤维形态和特性进行分析,探讨了杂细胞对竹纤维形态的影响。结果表明,杂细胞与竹纤维在打浆中形成的气球状结构相互摩擦,对竹浆性能产生影响。相同打浆转数下,杂细胞含量越高,竹浆滤水性能越差,纤维宽度越小。杂细胞在打浆过程中加剧了竹纤维的分丝帚化和细小纤维的产生,且易与竹纤维表面产生的细小纤维缠绕,使竹浆滤水性能降低。