Profile of Full-Term Births in Maternity Wards of Public Hospitals in Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Pregnancy as much as childbirth constitutes a risky situation, potentially fraught with sometimes dramatic complications: maternal death. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of establishing the profile of those giving birth in our context with the aim to anticipate operationally in the future on morbidity but more on maternal deaths. Methodology: We conducted, using a structured questionnaire, a prospective descriptive study in representative maternity wards in the city of Douala;the study variables were socio-economic, anthropometric, obstetrical and clinical. Statistical analyses were carried out with CS Pro 7.3 and SPSS version 25.0 software. The Student, Chi-square and Fischer tests were used to compare the means of the variables and the percentages. Results: We recruited 305 births for our study. The average age of our births was 28.7 years ± 6.1 with an average height of 161.6 cm ± 5.06;an average body mass index at the start of pregnancy of 28.0 kilograms/square meter and 31.3 kilograms/square meter at delivery;the average weight gain was 8.4 g ± 5.37;an average gestation of 2.84±1.90;an average parity of 2.2 ± 2.1 with an average birth interval of 27.7 months ± 23.7. The average gestational age was 39.2 weeks ± 1.21 with pregnancy pathology dominated by malaria;85.9% began their prenatal follow-up before the 14th week of amenorrhea. Conclusion: The profile of childbirth in urban Cameroon does not seem potentially dystocic compared to that of the same regional and racial area.

Term Abdominal Pregnancy with Live Baby;Case Report from St Padre Pio Hospital Akwa Nord Douala (August 2024)

In this report, we present a case of a term abdominal pregnancy managed in St Padre Pio Hospital Douala (Cameroon). The 28-year-old G2P1001 woman whom we received to our facility at 15 weeks gestation with an intrauterine pregnancy confirmed by ultrasonography. She returned at 21 weeks with a history of syncope and blood transfusion in another facility. An obstetrical ultrasonography done that day revealed a live fetus located at the upper right side within the peritoneal cavity. She continued with her routine Antenatal visits, and at each visit, an ultrasonography was done, revealing a slowly growing fetus. At 38 weeks, a laparotomy was carried out, and the live male baby weighing 2500 grammes was extracted. The placenta was implanted in the uterus;it was removed with minimal blood loss of approximately 400 mls. The mother was heamodynamically stable post-operatively. The newborn presented with mild cyanosis, an oxygen saturation of 80%, which resolved after 24 hours of oxygen administration. Both mother and baby were discharged from the hospital one week after laparotomy in a stable state. This case illustrates that intra-abdominal pregnancies, though rare and complex, can be managed to term and produce viable fetuses. Practitioners should, therefore, understand the challenges in its management.

A Comparison between Late Preterm and Term Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Early-Onset Sepsis, and Neonatal Jaundice in Ecuadorian Newborns

Background: To examine the differences in prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome, early-onset sepsis and jaundice, between late preterm infants versus term infants in Ecuadorian newborns. Methods: Study design: Epidemiological, observational, and cross-sectional, with two cohorts of patients. Settings: IESS Quito Sur Hospital at Quito, Ecuador, from February to April of 2020. Participants: This study included 204 newborns, 102 preterm infants, 102 term infants. Results: There are significant differences between late preterm infants and term infants, with a p-value of 0.000 in the prevalence of early sepsis, 70.59% vs. 35.29%. In respiratory distress syndrome between late and term premature infants, significant differences were observed with a p-value of 0.000, the proportion being 55.58% vs. 24.51% respectively. The prevalence of jaundice is higher in term infants with a p value of 0.002, 72.55%, versus 51.96% in late preterm infants, and the mean value of bilirubins in mg/dL was higher in term infants 14.32 versus 12.33 in late preterm infants;this difference is statistically significant with a p value of 0.004. Admission to the NICU is more frequent in late preterm infants with a p-value of 0.000, being 42.16% for late preterm infants vs. 7.84% in term infants;the mean of the hospital days with p-value 0.005, was higher in late preterm infants 4.97 days vs. 3.55 days for term newborns. Conclusion: Due to the conditions of their immaturity, late preterm infants are 2.86 times more likely to present early sepsis than full-term newborns. It is shown that late preterm infants are 2.69 times more likely to have respiratory distress syndrome compared to term infants, therefore, late preterm infants have a longer hospital stay of 4.97 days versus 3.55 days in term infants. Jaundice and mean bilirubin levels are higher in term infants due to blood group incompatibility and insufficient breastfeeding.

Long-term assessment of collagenase treatment for Dupuytren’s contracture:A 10-year follow-up study

BACKGROUND Enzymatic fasciotomy with collagenase clostridium histolyticum(CCH)has revolutionized the treatment for Dupuytren’s contracture(DC).Despite its benefits,the long-term outcomes remain unclear.This study presented a comprehensive 10-year follow-up assessment of the enduring effects of CCH on patients with DC.AIM To compare the short-term(12 wk)and long-term(10 years)outcomes on CCH treatment in patients with DC.METHODS A cohort of 45 patients was treated with CCH at the metacarpophalangeal(MCP)joint and the proximal interphalangeal(PIP)joint and underwent systematic reevaluation.The study adhered to multicenter trial protocols,and assessments were conducted at 12 wk,7 years,and 10 years post-surgery.RESULTS Thirty-seven patients completed the 10-year follow-up.At 10 years,patients treated at the PIP joint exhibited a 100%recurrence.However,patients treated at the MCP joint only showed a 50%recurrence.Patient satisfaction varied,with a lower satisfaction reported in PIP joint cases.Recurrence exceeding 20 degrees on the total passive extension deficit was observed,indicating a challenge for sustained efficacy.Significant differences were noted between outcomes at the 7-year and 10-year intervals.CONCLUSION CCH demonstrated sustained efficacy when applied to the MCP joint.However,caution is warranted for CCH treatment at the PIP joint due to a high level of recurrence and low patient satisfaction.Re-intervention is needed within a decade of treatment.

Lexical Characteristics and Translation Strategies of Rubber and Plastic Industry Terms

As a key part of the manufacturing industry,the rubber and plastic industry is widely used in a variety of fields such as automotive manufacturing,construction materials,and electronics.With technological innovation,global economic growth and infrastructure construction driving the demand for rubber and plastic materials,rubber and plastic materials play an important role in various fields,and accurate translation of the industry’s terminology is also crucial for international communication.The purpose of this paper is to explore in depth the lexical features of rubber and plastic industry terminology,including strong specialization,specialization of common vocabulary,and diversity of word formation.In view of these lexical features,relevant Chinese translation strategies are discussed to ensure the accuracy,specialization and comprehensibility of the translation of rubber and plastic industry terms.

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for undifferentiated type early gastric cancer over 2 cm with R0 resection

BACKGROUND Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for over 2 cm in size undifferentiated type(UD type)early gastric cancer(EGC)confined to the mucosa is not only challenging,but also long-term outcomes are not well known.AIM To evaluate the long-term outcomes of ESD done for UD type EGCs confined to the mucosa over 2 cm in size and compare the results with those where the lesions were less than 2 cm.METHODS 143 patients with UD type EGC confirmed on histology after ESD at a tertiary hospital were reviewed.Cases with synchronous and metachronous lesions and a case with emergency surgery after ESD were excluded.A total of 137 cases were enrolled.79 cases who underwent R0 resection were divided into 2 cm or less(group A)and over 2 cm(group B)in size.RESULTS Among 79 patients who underwent R0 resection,the number in group A and B were 51 and 28,respectively.The mean follow-up period(SD)was 79.71±45.42 months.There was a local recurrence in group A(1/51,2%)and group B(1/28,3.6%)respectively.This patient in group A underwent surgery while the patient in group B underwent repeated ESD with no further recurrences in both patients.There was no regional lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,and deaths in both groups.With R0 resection strategy for ESD on lesions over 2 cm,20.4%(28/137)of patients were able to avoid surgery compared with expanded indication.CONCLUSION If R0 resection is achieved by ESD,UD type EGCs over 2 cm also showed good and similar clinical outcomes as compared to lesions less than 2 cm when followed for over 5 years.With R0 resection strategy,several patients can avoid surgery.

Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes among COVID-19 Survivors: A Multi-Center Prospective Observational Study

Background: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused massive case fatalities across the world, people have been left with significant physical and mental disabilities, which has had an adverse impact on their quality of life. The objective of this study is to measure the short-term and long-term outcomes among COVID-19 survivors. Methods: This is a six-month-long multicentre prospective observational study, carried out in four specialized hospitals in the capital city Dhaka, where six hundred participants were enrolled by non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected through three structured interviews, and follow-ups were done during discharge, at 1st month, and 6th month. An analytical study was done on demographic variables, socio-economic conditions, physical findings and outcomes. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: A total of 600 participants were enrolled. The mean age was 49.83. Many participants belong to the age range of 31 to 40 years. More than two-thirds (72.7%) of participants were male, whereas 27.30% were female. Most patients admitted had mild and moderate COVID-19 symptoms (40% and 58%, respectively). Among short-term COVID complications, it was found that 43.3% of the participants complained of fatigue, 32.6% of depression, 24.7% of sleep disturbance, 19% of anxiety and, 5% memory loss. In long-term COVID complications the number reduced significantly: 5% of the participants complained of fatigue, 10% of depression, 2.7% of sleep disturbance, 7.3% of anxiety and, 2.7% memory loss. The severity of lung parenchymal disease also reduced in long term COVID symptoms. The study found a statistically significant relationship between age groups and CT severity index (χ2 = 9.458, p = 0.032). Most patients (29.2%) in the under-30 age group had a CT Severity Index score of 2 & 3 (29.2%). The important CT Severity Index scores for individuals aged 30 to 60 years were 3 and 4, accounting for 37.7% and 33.3%, respectively. In the over-60 age group, 40.8% of patients showed a CT Severity Index score of 4, showing a range of 51% - 75%. Conclusion: This study found that fatigue, depression, and sleep disturbances are prevalent among COVID-19 survivors;however, these symptoms generally reduce over time. Lung problems improved;however, some patients suffered from persistent effects. Older patients, especially those with pre-existing conditions, suffer from more severe outcomes. These findings underscore the need for ongoing care for COVID-19 survivors.

Draft of an Anthropometric Reference System for Full-Term Cameroonian Newborns: Prospective Study with Analytical Aim in the Maternity Wards of Douala

Introduction: Anthropometry applied to newborns is a reliable indicator of the quality of fetal growth. The latter is influenced by genetic, racial and nutritional factors varying from one population to another, explaining why a standard cannot be applied to all populations. Research question: should the Caucasian frame of reference be dogmatically applied in our African context? Multicenter studies are therefore necessary;hence the interest of this work, the main objective of which was to describe the anthropometric profile of full-term newborns in the city of Douala. Methodology: We carried out a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim and prospective data collection in the maternity wards of the Douala General Hospital, Laquintinie Hospital, District hospitals of Deido, Nylon and Bonassama over a period of 4 months (January to April 2020). We were interested in any newborn, born alive, vaginally or by cesarean section, seen in the first 24 hours from a full-term single-fetal pregnancy whose mother had given consent. We excluded newborns whose term was unclear and those with congenital malformations or signs of embryo-foetopathy. Data collection was done using structured and pre-tested survey sheets. The study variables were obstetric and anthropometric. Statistical analyzes were carried out with CS Pro 7.3 and SPSS version 25.0 software. The Student, Chi-square and Fischer tests were used to compare the means of the variables, the percentages with a significance threshold P value Results: During the study period, 305 full-term newborns were included, divided into 172 boys and 133 girls. The average anthropometric parameters of the full-term newborn in the city of Douala were: average weight: 3305 grams, average height: 49.8 centimeters, average head circumference: 34.6 centimeters, average upper arm circumference: 11.3 centimeters, circumference average thoracic: 32.8 centimeters. The percentile distribution showed a 10th percentile at 2656 grams and a 90th percentile at 3966 grams for weight defining the limits for small-for-gestational-age neonates and macrosomes. Conclusion: The anthropometric data of the full-term newborn in the city of Douala were: an average weight of 3305.4 grams, an average height of 49.8 centimeters, an average head circumference of 34.2 centimeters, an average upper arm circumference of 11.3 centimeters, and an average thoracic circumference of 32.8 centimeters with higher valuesin male newborns.

Long-Term Mortality of Children with Congenital Heart Disease Admitted to the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou/Alibori from 2011 to 2022

Background: Congenital heart disease is a public health issue due to its incidence and mortality rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term mortality of children with congenital heart disease admitted to the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUD-B/A) from 2011 to 2022. Methods: This descriptive longitudinal study with analytical aims covered 11 years (April 1, 2011 to December 31, 2022). It consisted of a review of the records of children under 15 years of age with echocardiographically confirmed congenital heart disease. This was followed by an interview with the parents to assess the children’s current condition. Data were entered using Kobocollect software and analyzed using R Studio 4.2.2. software. Results: A total of 143 complete files were retained. The median age at diagnosis was 14 months (IIQ: Q1 = 4;Q3 = 60) with a range of 2 days and 175 months, and the sex-ratio (M/F) was 0.96. Left-to-right shunts were the most frequent cardiopathy group (62.9%). Only 35 children (24.5%) benefited from restorative treatment. The mortality rate was 31.5%. Median survival under the maximum bias assumption was 114 months and 216 months under the assumption of minimum bias. Survival was significantly better in children with right-to-left shunts (p = 0.0049) under the assumption of minimum bias. The death risk factors were: age at diagnosis less than 12 months (aHR = 7.58;95% CI = 3.36 - 17.24;p Conclusion: The long-term mortality of congenital heart disease is high and favoured by the absence of restorative treatment. Local correction of congenital heart disease and medical follow-up will help to reduce this mortality.

A Prospective Study on Evaluating the Long-Term Effects of Childhood Vaccination from Birth to 13 Years Old in Kuwait

Background: To prevent infectious diseases and deaths of children, vaccinations play a crucial role in public health strategies in Kuwait. However, it remained uncertain to demonstrate the potential long-term health outcomes of vaccination, including neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and autism. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term health outcomes of vaccination among Kuwait children from birth to thirteen years old. Objectives: This study included the significant objectives: (1) to compare long-term health effects, including chronic and acute conditions for unvaccinated, partially vaccinated, and vaccinated children, and (2) to evaluate the association of vaccination with the neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and autism, and the preventable illnesses. Methods: This prospective study involved a sample of 976 children from Kuwait based on mothers’ reporting. Data collection about the vaccination status of children and various health outcomes relevant to chronic and acute illnesses was performed based on structured questionnaires through an online survey. However, participants were classified into unvaccinated (n = 40), partially vaccinated (n = 222), and fully vaccinated (n = 714). Statistical analyses, including the chi-square test, Odds Ratios (OR), 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and logistic regression, were performed using SAS (Version 9.4) to determine the associations between vaccination status and health outcomes among children. Results: The study disclosed that vaccinated children showed an increased diagnosis of chronic (allergic rhinitis, allergies, autism spectrum, eczema, neuro-developmental disorders, learning disability, ADHD, and any chronic condition) and acute (whooping cough, pneumonia, rubella, hepatitis A or B, measles, mumps, meningitis, influenza, rotavirus, cancer, chronic fatigue, Crohn’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, conduct disorder, diabetes type 1 or 2, rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, seizures, hearing loss, polio, diphtheria, tetanus, and depression) illnesses than unvaccinated children. The fully vaccinated children showed an increased prevalence of influenza diagnosis, while partially vaccinated children were more likely to be diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis than unvaccinated children. In contrast, unvaccinated were more likely to have been diagnosed with chickenpox and encephalopathy than fully and partially vaccinated. Males with chronic and acute conditions had a lower incidence of allergies and pneumonia, respectively, whereas females had a reduced prevalence of acute illnesses, such as whooping cough, inflammatory bowel disease, and hepatitis A or B among vaccinated (n = 936;combination of partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated) children. Regarding medication use and health service applications, vaccinated children were more likely to use medications for fever, antibiotics, and allergies. In addition, they showed an increased rate of sick visits and emergency visits in the past twelve months. On the other hand, factors like age (2 - 5 years, 6 - 9 years, and 10 - 13 years), birth type (cesarian), and mother suffering during pregnancy (gestational diabetes) were significantly associated with NDD (learning disability, autism spectrum, and attention deficient hyperactivity disorder) in the adjusted analysis. In the interaction model of age and birth type, age (6 - 9 years;OR 5.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 25.3) and mother suffering (gestational diabetes;OR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.2) during pregnancy were associated with NDD. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that there are some cases where the infection rate is higher among the vaccinated compared to unvaccinated children, or there are no significant differences between the two groups in Kuwait. Upon controlling the factors in the interaction model, the age of 6 to 9 years and gestational diabetic mothers during pregnancy were associated with the synergistic increment of odds with NDD. These data findings are recommended to verify a larger and diverse group of samples to optimize the vaccination on health outcomes in Kuwait children.

Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Short-Term Results from a Single Center in Bangladesh

Background: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is considered a safer alternative to on-pump surgery, especially in patients with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). Objectives: This study assessed short-term outcomes and functional improvements in LVD patients post-OPCAB. Methods: The study included 200 coronary artery disease patients who underwent isolated off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) at the National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute between January 2019 and June 2020. Patients were categorized into Group 1, with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 30% - 39%, and Group 2, with an LVEF of 40% or higher. Echocardiographic assessments of left ventricular dimensions and ejection fraction were performed preoperatively, at discharge, and one month postoperatively. Results: In Group 1, preoperative left ventricular internal dimensions during diastole (LVIDd) and systole (LVIDs) were 53.48 ± 4.40 mm and 44.23 ± 3.93 mm, respectively, with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 35.28% ± 2.26%. At discharge, these values improved to 51.58 ± 4.04 mm (LVIDd), 41.23 ± 5.30 mm (LVIDs), and 39.25% ± 3.75% (LVEF). One month postoperatively, further improvements were observed: 46.29 ± 3.76 mm (LVIDd), 37.45 ± 3.68 mm (LVIDs), and 43.22% ± 4.67% (LVEF). Group 2 showed similar positive outcomes, with preoperative values of 47.09 ± 5.06 mm (LVIDd), 35.11 ± 5.25 mm (LVIDs), and 50.13% ± 7.25% (LVEF), improving to 42.37 ± 4.18 mm (LVIDd), 31.05 ± 4.19 mm (LVIDs), and 55.33% ± 7.05% (LVEF) at one month postoperatively. Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in left ventricular function and NYHA class, with most patients moving from class III/IV to I/II. Complications were minimal, and no mortality was observed. Conclusion: OPCAB is safe and effective for patients with LVEF 30% - 39% and LVEF ≥ 40%, providing significant short-term functional improvements without increased risk.

A Trajectory Privacy Protection Method to Resist Long-Term Observation Attacks

Users face the threat of trajectory privacy leakage when using location-based service applications, especially when their behavior is collected and stored for a long period of time. This accumulated information is exploited by opponents, greatly increasing the risk of trajectory privacy leakage. This attack method is called a long-term observation attack. On the premise of ensuring lower time overhead and higher cache contribution rate, the existing methods cannot utilize cache to answer subsequent queries while also resisting long-term observation attacks. So this article proposes a trajectory privacy protection method to resist long-term observation attacks. This method combines caching technology and improves the existing differential privacy mechanism, while incorporating randomization factors that are difficult for attackers to recognize after long-term observation to enhance privacy. Search for locations in the cache of both the mobile client and edge server that can replace the user’s actual location. If there are replacement users in the cache, the query results can be obtained more quickly. Simultaneously obfuscating the spatiotemporal correlation of actual trajectories by generating confusion regions. If it does not exist, the obfuscated location generation method that resists long-term observation attacks is executed to generate the real anonymous area and send it to the service provider. The above steps can comprehensively protect the user’s trajectory privacy. The experimental results show that this method can protect user trajectories from long-term observation attacks while ensuring low time overhead and a high cache contribution rate.

Prognosis of Connective Tissue Disease Related Interstitial Lung Disease after Initiation of Long-Term Oxygen Therapy: Comparison with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Objective: The studies of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) for patents with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of CTD-ILD patients following the initiation of LTOT, compared to those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with CTD-ILD and IPF who were introduced to LTOT between January 2014 and December 2020. Results: The study included 24 patients with CTD-ILD and 55 patients with IPF. At the initiation of LTOT, female gender, never-smoking history, higher body mass index (BMI), higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, lower pulmonary Surfactant Protein-D (SP-D) level and lower Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) scores were more common in the CTD-ILD group (all Conclusion: Although patients with CTD-ILD had longer overall survival than those with IPF, there was no significant difference in prognosis after the initiation of LTOT between the two groups. Early intervention including treatment and management will be needed in CTD-ILD as in IPF.

基于改进LSTM的数码雷管模组印刷质量预测

由于数码雷管模组印刷过程中生产工艺复杂、强时序性等特点,其质量的精准预测已成为提高产品质量管理水平的关键。基于此提出一种改进长短期记忆(long short-term memory,LSTM)网络的数码雷管模组印刷质量预测模型。首先根据数码雷管模组印刷过程提炼机器运行参数、环境参数与检测参数作为印刷产品质量的原始特征,并对关键检测参数进行时序特征重构以增强特征表达能力;其次基于改进的LSTM网络建立数码雷管模组印刷特征提取框架,采用卷积神经网络提取空间特征避免LSTM挖掘高维印刷特征时隐含关系的不足,通过全局注意力机制自适应学习不同时刻印刷特征对印刷产品质量的贡献度,为LSTM提取的深层时序特征分配不同权值;最后以深层特征作为输入,通过全连接网络实现数码雷管模组印刷产品的质量预测。实验结果表明,相较于BP神经网络、门控循环单元网络、LSTM等预测方法,改进的LSTM网络有效提高了数码雷管模组印刷产品质量的预测精度。

Photoelectric State with Long-Term Relaxation in CdTe:(Ag, Cu, Cd) and Sb2Se3:Se Photovoltaic Films

The results of an experimental study of long-term relaxation of the photoelectret state of polycrystalline CdTe:(Ag, Cu, Cd) and Sb2Se3:Se films with an anomalous photovoltaic property are presented. In such films, the residual photovoltage is caused by the separation of photocarriers by the built-in electrostatic field of the near-surface region of space charges and their asymmetric capture by deep levels of impurities or complexes, including impurity atoms and intrinsic defects, both in the bulk and on the surface of crystal grains. It has been shown that in activated films, a two-step exponential temporary relaxation of the initial photovoltage of the order of VAPV ≈ (500-600) V is detected, and only 10% of it experiences long-term relaxation (t ≈ 100-120 min).

中医典籍翻译汉英平行语料库建设及教学应用研究——以《黄帝内经》为例

中医翻译与语料库的结合,正在成为中医翻译研究的新范式。基于译本的全面性、代表性和普及性原则,构建《黄帝内经》语料库,能为中医翻译研究提供真实语料,为探索中医术语和中医典籍的翻译规律提供数据资源,为对比研究文化负载中医术语的英译并确定合理的译文提供客观标准,为中医典籍翻译研究和中医英语教学提供有效指导。

2024年新疆乌什7.1级地震和中国台湾花莲7.3级地震前的大震长期平静及中国内地强震危险性研究

对2024年新疆乌什7.1级地震和中国台湾花莲7.3级地震前出现的长期地震平静现象及其平静结束后的地震趋势进行了分析,进而对中国内地当前仍存在的2个大震长期地震平静区域及其危险性进行了分析和讨论。结果表明:①乌什7.1级地震结束了天山地震带长达31年的7级以上地震长期平静状态,可能预示着天山地震带将进入一个新的7级以上地震活跃时段;花莲7.3级地震结束了中国台湾地区长达17年的7级以上地震长期平静状态,可能预示着中国台湾地区将进入一个新的7级以上地震活跃时段。②南北地震带南段的云南地区自1996年丽江7.0级地震以来地震平静时间超过28年,南北地震带北段的甘肃-宁夏地区自1954年内蒙古阿拉善盟阿拉善左旗7.0级地震以来地震平静时间已超过70年,这2个区域当前或未来一个时期发生7级以上地震的风险较高,尤其是云南地震地区,应引起特别的关注和研究。

脂蛋白脂酶Ser447Term多态性和卒中相关危险因素相互作用对缺血性脑卒中发病的影响

目的本研究旨在探讨脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)Ser447Term多态性与一些常见的卒中危险因素之间的相互影响。方法检测704个汉族缺血性脑卒中患者的基因型,根据这些患者所具有的卒中相关危险因素将其分为2型糖尿病组、高血压组、吸烟组和高脂血症组。应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法对Ser447Term的多态性进行基因分型。结果卡方(χ2)检验结果显示:在有糖尿病史的卒中患者中Ser447Term G等位基因的携带率显著高于无糖尿病史的卒中患者(χ2=7.25,P=0.007,OR=1.78,95%CI1.18～2.68)。这样的相关性并未在具有其他3个卒中相关的危险因素的患者中观察到。结论 LPL基因多态性与糖尿病的联合作用可能促成缺血性卒中的一个亚组的发病。

长期施肥下土壤氮素指标与小麦/玉米产量关系研究

为明确施肥对典型潮土区土壤氮素指标的影响以及氮素指标与作物产量的量化关系,本研究利用长期定位施肥试验系统评估施肥对土壤全氮、碱解氮、酸解有机氮组分、微生物量氮含量的影响,并进一步定量分析氮素指标与小麦、玉米产量间的关系。结果表明,与单施化肥或不施肥相比,长期化肥与秸秆或有机肥配施在显著提高土壤全氮含量的同时,对碱解氮、酸解总氮、酸解铵态氮、氨基酸态氮与微生物量氮含量的提高也有明显的促进作用。除土壤全氮外的其他氮素指标含量在高量化肥-有机肥配施、化肥-秸秆还田和常量化肥-有机肥配施处理间无显著差异。土壤全氮、微生物量氮和碱解氮含量是对作物产量影响程度相对较大的氮素指标。土壤全氮含量每增加0.1 g·kg^(−1),小麦和玉米分别增产822.7和968.2 kg·hm^(-2)。土微生物量氮与碱解氮含量每增加1 mg·kg^(−1),小麦增产195.2与58.1 kg·hm^(-2);玉米增产189.9与79.1 kg·hm^(-2)。酸解总氮与氨基酸态氮含量对小麦产量也有显著影响,酸解总氮与氨基酸态氮含量每增加1 mg·kg^(−1),小麦分别增产15.8与30.0 kg·hm^(-2)。综上所述,化肥与秸秆或有机肥配施可提高潮土氮素库容与供氮能力。小麦、玉米产量随土壤全氮、微生物量氮与碱解氮含量的提高呈线性增长,小麦产量与酸解总氮和氨基酸态氮含量呈显著正相关。本研究为典型潮土区地力培育与粮食丰产提供了理论依据和技术支撑。

基于分类的term重要性识别方法

在传统的搜索引擎和信息检索中,用户Query中的term-weight通常是以一种上下文无关的方式得到的。现有的大多数信息检索技术都使用词袋方法,例如布尔模型、向量空间模型和概率模型等,这些方法均没有考虑Query中term之间的相关性。为了能够充分利用Query中的信息来提高term-weight的准确度,提出了一种有监督的机器学习方法来学习用户Query中的term-weight。该方法基于分类的方法,并引入了句法分析作为分类的一项重要的特征来训练模型。考虑用户Query中term之间的关系后,既避免了由Query到单个term的信息丢失,又增加了短文本的特征,同时使分类器实现软输出,能够给term的重要程度一个更为准确的量化值。