We investigated the possibility to reduce the usage of Blasin^Flowable （BF）, a disinfectant inhibiting the germination and appressorium formation of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara conidia, by using carbon dioxide microbu...We investigated the possibility to reduce the usage of Blasin^Flowable （BF）, a disinfectant inhibiting the germination and appressorium formation of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara conidia, by using carbon dioxide microbubbles （CO2MB）. Germination was significantly inhibited by 10 000-fold diluted BF solution containing CO2MB generated by the decompression-type generator compared to CO2 millibubbles （CO2MMB） and CO2MB generated by the gas-water circulating-type generator. Appressodum formation in the 10 000-fold diluted BF solution containing both CO2MBs was less than that in CO2MMB. Scanning electron microscopy showed wrinkles and dents on the surface of conidia treated with 5 000-fold diluted BF solution containing both CO2MBs. Via transmission electron microscopy, we observed the expansion of the vacuole and the intracellular space and bloated or absent lipid granules in the conidia treated with BF solution containing both CO2MBs. Our results show that inhibition of the conidium germination and appressorium formation of P. oryzae Cavara by 10 000-fold diluted BF solution could be achieved by using the decompression-type CO2MB.展开更多
A total of 2 088 marine microorganisms including 1 392 strains of bacteria and 696 strains of fungi were isolated from diverse marine environment such as the South Pole, the North Pole, and Qingdao tideland, etc. Thro...A total of 2 088 marine microorganisms including 1 392 strains of bacteria and 696 strains of fungi were isolated from diverse marine environment such as the South Pole, the North Pole, and Qingdao tideland, etc. Through a systematic screening process involving the use of Pyricularia oryzae mode, 90 bacteria and 31 fungi strains demonstrating positive bioactivities were identified. The rates of active strains of marine bacteria and marine fungi were 6.5% and 4.5%, respectively. The relationships between the active strains and the sampling locations and hosts were studied. For marine bacteria, the three locations showing the highest rotes of active strains were 8.4% in the Zhujiang Estuary, 7.2% at the North Pole and 6.3% in the Bohai Sea. For marine fungi, the highest rates observed were 7.8% at the South Pole, 7.4% in the South China Sea and 6.8% at the Qingdao tideland. An analysis of the host showed that the three highest rates of active strain for marine bacteria were 8.2% for seawater from the Zhujiang Estuary, 8% for alga from the Qingdao tideland and 7.6% for sea mud from the North Pole. For marine fungi, the highest rates observed were 8.3% for Qingdao actiniae, 7.4% for South China Sea poriferan and 4.5% for soil of Qingdao Suaeda salsa. Four fungi and two bacteria samples were selected for further study because of their high bioactivity. They were found to be active towards several pathogenic microorganisms, and demonstrated stable genetic and thermal characteristics and conservation activities.展开更多
Pyricularia oryzae is a fungal pathogen of rice.Few researches had been reported on the analysisof its genome, partly because the genomes can’t beseparated by general agarose gel electrophoresis.We herein report a te...Pyricularia oryzae is a fungal pathogen of rice.Few researches had been reported on the analysisof its genome, partly because the genomes can’t beseparated by general agarose gel electrophoresis.We herein report a technique to separatePyricularia oryzae genomic DNA by pulse-fieldgel electrophoresis(PFGE).The tested blast strain was 2539w.Chromosomal DNAs were directly prepared from展开更多
Aspergillus spp. has been widely found as useful microorganism in biotechnology. They have a high ability in the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, isolates of Aspergillus were isolated from healthy rice ...Aspergillus spp. has been widely found as useful microorganism in biotechnology. They have a high ability in the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, isolates of Aspergillus were isolated from healthy rice field located in Selangor State/Malaysia. The obtained strain (UPMZ01) was conducted against Pyricularia oryzea by applying dual culture and culture filtrate technique. The antagonism of strain UPMZ01 in the dual culture was 81.326% inhibition percentage against P. oryzae given the optimum inhibitory percentage 100% at all concentration of secondary metabolites aged 14 days. The isolate (UPMZ01) was identified as Aspergillus niger with accession number (KY698415). The environment factors such as pH and temperature influencing on production of secondary metabolites. The results were shown that pH at level 5.0 and temperature between 21℃?to 29℃?is the optimum condition for A. niger to produce efficient antifungal metabolites which given 100% PIGR against blast pathogen. The secondary metabolites compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifteen compounds were recognized as major compounds which may have the possibility of possessing antifungal characteristics. Most of identified compounds are Oleic Acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Hexose, Glycerol, Stearic acid, Tetradecanoic acid, Dodecanoic acid and 5-Hydrxoymethylfurfural.展开更多
Five triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Eclipta prostrata L.. On the basis of their chemical properties and spectral data, they were identified as eclalbasaponins II(1), I(2), II...Five triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Eclipta prostrata L.. On the basis of their chemical properties and spectral data, they were identified as eclalbasaponins II(1), I(2), III(3), 3-O-[b-D-glucopyranosyl(12)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-16a-ethoxy-olean-12-ene-28-oic acid-28-O-b-D-glu-copyranoside(4) and 3-O-[(2-O-sulfuryl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)(12)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-echinocystic acid-28-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(5). Compounds 4 and 5 are new compounds and named eclalbasaponins XI and XII, respectively. Compounds 1 and 5 induced morphological deformation of Pyricularia oryzae mycelia.展开更多
文摘We investigated the possibility to reduce the usage of Blasin^Flowable （BF）, a disinfectant inhibiting the germination and appressorium formation of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara conidia, by using carbon dioxide microbubbles （CO2MB）. Germination was significantly inhibited by 10 000-fold diluted BF solution containing CO2MB generated by the decompression-type generator compared to CO2 millibubbles （CO2MMB） and CO2MB generated by the gas-water circulating-type generator. Appressodum formation in the 10 000-fold diluted BF solution containing both CO2MBs was less than that in CO2MMB. Scanning electron microscopy showed wrinkles and dents on the surface of conidia treated with 5 000-fold diluted BF solution containing both CO2MBs. Via transmission electron microscopy, we observed the expansion of the vacuole and the intracellular space and bloated or absent lipid granules in the conidia treated with BF solution containing both CO2MBs. Our results show that inhibition of the conidium germination and appressorium formation of P. oryzae Cavara by 10 000-fold diluted BF solution could be achieved by using the decompression-type CO2MB.
文摘A total of 2 088 marine microorganisms including 1 392 strains of bacteria and 696 strains of fungi were isolated from diverse marine environment such as the South Pole, the North Pole, and Qingdao tideland, etc. Through a systematic screening process involving the use of Pyricularia oryzae mode, 90 bacteria and 31 fungi strains demonstrating positive bioactivities were identified. The rates of active strains of marine bacteria and marine fungi were 6.5% and 4.5%, respectively. The relationships between the active strains and the sampling locations and hosts were studied. For marine bacteria, the three locations showing the highest rotes of active strains were 8.4% in the Zhujiang Estuary, 7.2% at the North Pole and 6.3% in the Bohai Sea. For marine fungi, the highest rates observed were 7.8% at the South Pole, 7.4% in the South China Sea and 6.8% at the Qingdao tideland. An analysis of the host showed that the three highest rates of active strain for marine bacteria were 8.2% for seawater from the Zhujiang Estuary, 8% for alga from the Qingdao tideland and 7.6% for sea mud from the North Pole. For marine fungi, the highest rates observed were 8.3% for Qingdao actiniae, 7.4% for South China Sea poriferan and 4.5% for soil of Qingdao Suaeda salsa. Four fungi and two bacteria samples were selected for further study because of their high bioactivity. They were found to be active towards several pathogenic microorganisms, and demonstrated stable genetic and thermal characteristics and conservation activities.
文摘Pyricularia oryzae is a fungal pathogen of rice.Few researches had been reported on the analysisof its genome, partly because the genomes can’t beseparated by general agarose gel electrophoresis.We herein report a technique to separatePyricularia oryzae genomic DNA by pulse-fieldgel electrophoresis(PFGE).The tested blast strain was 2539w.Chromosomal DNAs were directly prepared from
文摘Aspergillus spp. has been widely found as useful microorganism in biotechnology. They have a high ability in the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, isolates of Aspergillus were isolated from healthy rice field located in Selangor State/Malaysia. The obtained strain (UPMZ01) was conducted against Pyricularia oryzea by applying dual culture and culture filtrate technique. The antagonism of strain UPMZ01 in the dual culture was 81.326% inhibition percentage against P. oryzae given the optimum inhibitory percentage 100% at all concentration of secondary metabolites aged 14 days. The isolate (UPMZ01) was identified as Aspergillus niger with accession number (KY698415). The environment factors such as pH and temperature influencing on production of secondary metabolites. The results were shown that pH at level 5.0 and temperature between 21℃?to 29℃?is the optimum condition for A. niger to produce efficient antifungal metabolites which given 100% PIGR against blast pathogen. The secondary metabolites compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifteen compounds were recognized as major compounds which may have the possibility of possessing antifungal characteristics. Most of identified compounds are Oleic Acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Hexose, Glycerol, Stearic acid, Tetradecanoic acid, Dodecanoic acid and 5-Hydrxoymethylfurfural.
文摘Five triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Eclipta prostrata L.. On the basis of their chemical properties and spectral data, they were identified as eclalbasaponins II(1), I(2), III(3), 3-O-[b-D-glucopyranosyl(12)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-16a-ethoxy-olean-12-ene-28-oic acid-28-O-b-D-glu-copyranoside(4) and 3-O-[(2-O-sulfuryl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)(12)-b-D-glucopyranosyl]-echinocystic acid-28-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(5). Compounds 4 and 5 are new compounds and named eclalbasaponins XI and XII, respectively. Compounds 1 and 5 induced morphological deformation of Pyricularia oryzae mycelia.
