社会资本、动态能力和创新绩效——基于QCA方法的创新模式研究

基于社会资本、动态能力视角,探索我国企业创新的不同组合模式。采用QCA定性分析方法,利用44个中国高端装备制造业A股上市公司数据进行了实证分析,结果表明:目前高端装备制造上市公司存在市场导向型的自主创新模式、政府支持型技术创新模式和行业支撑型的学习创新模式等3种模式;良好的动态能力、政府关系及行业关系分别是3个模式的必要条件。

我国体育产业政策扩散的影响因素、作用路径和实现机制

采用QCA定性研究法,探讨体育产业政策扩散的影响因素、作用路径和实现机制。借鉴政策扩散理论,构建“体育产业政策源创新-体育产业政策扩散网络-地方体育政府采纳”的理论分析框架。收集全国23个省的16个政策文件案例,并进行数据的QCA定性方法的标准化处理,结果表明:在影响体育产业政策扩散的因素中,议题时代性是体育产业政策扩散的必要条件,是最为重要的影响因素;可操作性、强制约束和推进方式是其作为单因素对体育产业政策的扩散具有较强解释力,是体育产业政策扩散的重要影响因素;在体育产业政策扩散的因素作用路径上,由议题时代性、可操作性、强制性、非纵向推广、整体推进组成的中间解组合路径是引起体育产业政策扩散的充要条件;最后提出政策源创新的优势属性和中央政府的强制性要求吸引地方政府对体育产业政策创新的注意力和配合,加速地方政府对政策的采纳和执行,进而诱发体育产业政策扩散。

Factors Influencing Farmland Abandonment at the Village Scale:Qualitative Comparative Analysis(QCA)

As a global issue,farmland abandonment is considered to be one of the most crucial fields in the study of land use change.The clarification of its driving factors plays a vital role in improving the efficiency of rural cultivated land use and ensuring national food security.This paper aims to study the factors influencing farmland abandonment in 49 villages of Ganzhou City by adopting the Qualitative Comparative Analysis(QCA).The results show that:(1)Farmland abandonment is the outcome of synergism among many factors,among which the low–level of agricultural mechanization is definitely a necessary condition in Ganzhou,and it contributes a material effect to the abandonment.(2)The path leading to farmland abandonment is not unique to the study area,and can be attributed to five different combinations.These combinations can be enumerated as:A1(a combination of convenient transportation,complete agricultural facilities,low-level agricultural mechanization,low-level land circulation,and no industrial policy support),A2(a combination of complete agricultural facilities,low-level agricultural mechanization,low-level land circulation,sufficient agricultural labor,and no industrial policy support),A3(a combination of convenient transportation,complete agricultural facilities,low-level agricultural mechanization,sufficient agricultural labor,and no industrial policy support),A4(a combination of convenient transportation,low-level agricultural mechanization,low-level land circulation,sufficient agricultural labor,and industrial policy support),and A5(a combination of inconvenient transportation,complete agricultural facilities,low-level agricultural mechanization,high-level land circulation,sufficient agricultural labor,and industrial policy support).(3)In the above-mentioned combinations,the core conditions and peripheral conditions conjointly impact on farmland abandonment.Finally,corresponding policy implications are proposed in order to further reveal the mechanism of farmland abandonment.These recommendations provide new ideas and methods for policy makers to use in making decisions and will promote the effective use of farmland.

北极能源开发的地缘要素驱动机制

全球气候变暖加速了北极海冰的融化,使得北极能源开发变成可能,大大激发了泛北极国家参与北极能源开发的积极性。本文在分析了泛北极国家(北极8国和13个观察员国)能源贸易格局的基础上;利用相关性分析方法,明确了影响北极能源的关键地缘要素;并通过模糊定性分析(fs/QCA),揭示了关键地缘要素及其组合对不同国家开发或参与开发北极能源的驱动机制。结果表明:(1)北极国家多为能源输出国,而北极观察员国多为能源进口国;中国从北极国家能源进口量较少,潜力较大;(2)能源依赖性、能源重要性、军事力量、对外投资影响力和国家包容性是影响泛北极国家开发北极能源的关键地缘要素,而气候表现和环保指数与北极能源开发的关系并不显著;(3)关键地缘要素的作用路径主要包括:一是以能源依赖性、能源重要性和军事力量为主要驱动,包括俄罗斯、中国、美国、印度、日本和韩国等国家;二是受到包容性发展限制的、以大国力量为驱动的西欧国家;三是以能源重要性为驱动的北欧国家。基于以上研究结果,本文提出了中国参与北极能源开发的对策建议。