Network pharmacology and experimental validation to reveal the pharmacological mechanisms of Qizhu prescription for treating breast cancer

Objective:To investigate the mechanism underlying the effects exerted by the Qizhu prescription(QZP)in breast cancer(BC),and the respective targets.Methods: Expression data from the ArrayExpress and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)were used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in BC.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses were performed on the DEGs to identify genes involved in protein–protein interactions.Molecular docking was used to explore the dynamic relationship between active molecules and targets.Cell function experiments and animal studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of hub genes and active QZP compounds on BC cell behavior.Results: Among the 25 evaluated BC-related targets of QZP,matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP1)and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)exhibited the highest degrees of dysregulation.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the anti-BC targets of QZP primarily affected drug responses and pathways in cancer cells.Molecular docking analysis suggested potential interactions between EGFR and quercetin/luteolin,as well as between MMP1 and luteolin/kaempferol/quercetin.Quercetin significantly reduced BC cell proliferation,migration,invasion,and tumor development in vivo.Treatment of BC cells with quercetin decreased the expression or activation of several associated proteins.Conclusion: The findings of our study provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine against BC,with particular reference to QZP.

Integrated data mining and network pharmacology to discover a novel traditional Chinese medicine prescription against diabetic retinopathy and reveal its mechanism

Background:Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is currently the leading cause of blindness in elderly individuals with diabetes.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)prescriptions have shown remarkable effectiveness for treating DR.This study aimed to screen a novel TCM prescription against DR from patents and elucidate its medication rule and molecular mechanism using data mining,network pharmacology,molecular docking and molecular dynamics(MD)simulation.Method:TCM prescriptions for treating DR was collected from patents and a novel TCM prescription was identified using data mining.Subsequently,the mechanism of the novel TCM prescription against DR was explored by constructing a network of core TCMs-core active ingredients-core targets-core pathways.Finally,molecular docking and MD simulation were employed to validate the findings from network pharmacology.Result:The TCMs of the collected prescriptions primarily possessed bitter and cold properties with heat-clearing and supplementing effects,attributed to the liver,lung and kidney channels.Notably,a novel TCM prescription for treating DR was identified,composed of Lycii Fructus,Chrysanthemi Flos,Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix.Twenty core active ingredients and ten core targets of the novel TCM prescription for treating DR were screened.Moreover,the novel TCM prescription played a crucial role for treating DR by inhibiting inflammatory response,oxidative stress,retinal pigment epithelium cell apoptosis and retinal neovascularization through various pathways,such as the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications and the MAPK signaling pathway.Finally,molecular docking and MD simulation demonstrated that almost all core active ingredients exhibited satisfactory binding energies to core targets.Conclusions:This study identified a novel TCM prescription and unveiled its multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics for treating DR.These findings provide a scientific basis and novel insights into the development of drugs for DR prevention and treatment.

Analysis of the Mechanism of Intervention of Fangxiangxiaozhi Prescription on Dyslipidemia Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Objective: To explore the mechanism of intervention of Fangxiangxiaozhi prescription on dyslipidemia by using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: The traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Pubchem, Uniprot, and other databases were adopted to screen the active ingredients and the corresponding targets of Fangxiangxiaozhi prescription. Dyslipidemia-related targets were identified using the databases of Disgenet and GeneCards. Then, the intersection target of drugs and diseases was demonstrated via a Venn diagram. Cytoscape3.7.2 was used to construct a “drugs-active ingredients-intersection targets” network map and the key active ingredients with the top 7-degree values were determined. The protein interaction network and topology analysis of the intersection target genes were carried out by combining STRING11.0 and Cytoscape3.7.2. Moreover, the gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the intersection target genes were carried out using the Metascape database. Lastly, the key active ingredients and targets were molecular docked by AutoDockTools, Pymol, and other software. Results: There were 51 active components and 509 target genes of which 74 intersect with dyslipidemia. The key targets included tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), AKT1, PPAR gamma (PPARG), VEGFA, and PPARα. GO enrichment analysis obtained 1040 biological processes, 33 cell components, and 84 molecular functions;KEGG enrichment analysis obtained 148 pathways. The molecular docking results showed that the key targets and compounds exhibited good binding force. Conclusion: The active ingredients of Fangxiangxiaozhi prescription regulated several pathways through multiple targets to intervene in dyslipidemia. This study can serve as a foundation for further research.

Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Preventive Mechanism of Hunan Expert Group Recommended Chinese Medicine Prevention No.2 Prescription Against COVID-19

Objective To explore the possible preventive mechanism of Hunan expert group recommended Chinese medicine prescription of No.2(Pre-No.2)against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by network pharmacology method.Methods The target proteins of effective components and active compounds in Pre-No.2 were screened by searching the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP).A component-target-disease interaction network of Pre-No.2 was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.2,gene ontology(GO)analysis,and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)analysis of target protein pathway by DAVID.Results A total of 163 compounds and 278 target protein targets in Pre-No.2 were collected from the TCMSP database.Kaempferol,wogonin,7-methoxy-2-methyl isoflavone,formononetin,isorhamnetin,and licochalcone A were the most frequent targets in the regulatory network.GO enrichment analysis showed that Pre-No.2 regulated response to virus,viral processes,humoral immune responses,defense responses to virus and viral entry into host cells.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the formula regulated the NF-κB signaling pathway,B cell receptor signaling pathway,viral carcinogenesis,T cell signaling pathway and FcγR-mediated phagocytosis signaling pathway.Conclusions Pre-No.2 may play a preventive role against COVID-19 through regulation of the Toll-like signaling,T cell signaling,B cell signaling and other signaling pathways.It may regulate the immune system to protect against anti-influenza virus.

Prediction of the mechanism of prostate prescription Ⅰ in the treatment of chronic prostatitis based on integrative pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine

Objective:To investigate potential mechanism of Prostate prescriptionⅠin the treatment of chronic prostatitis based on integrated pharmacology.Methods:with the help of TCMIP,the effective compounds of Prostate prescriptionⅠwere screened,and the potential target database of Prostate prescriptionⅠwas established by using the target prediction function of TCMIP.Based on the Human Phenotype Ontology database and protein interaction network(PPI)database,the disease target of CP was identified and the target interaction network was constructed;Through the GO function analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the candidate targets,combined with Chinese and foreign literature studies to predict the potential Signaling pathway of Prostate prescriptionⅠin the treatment of CP.Results:79 effective compounds of Prostate prescriptionⅠexerted its effect on 33 targets through 11 pathways.Conclusion:Clinical efficacy of Prostate prescriptionⅠon CP may be reflected in antiinflammation and anti-tumor,cell metabolism,immune regulation,neuroregulation and so on.

Research Progress in the Application of Network Pharmacology in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Compound Prescriptions

Network pharmacology is a new discipline based on the theory of systems biology,mainly for network analysis of biological systems.It selects specific signal nodes for multi-target drug molecular design.This article summarizes the application of network pharmacology in traditional Chinese medicine and compound prescriptions in recent years from the research progress of network pharmacology,the current research status of single herbs,and the research and application of compound prescriptions.

To explore the mechanism of anticancer prescription in treatment of gastric cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Objective:To explore the mechanism of anticancer prescription in treatment of gastric cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods:By searching TCMSP database,the active components and corresponding targets of anticancer prescriptions were screened out.GeneCards,PharmGkb,OMIM,DrugBank and TTD database were used to collect action targets of gastric cancer.And Venny 2.1 software was used to screen drug-disease co-action targets.Then,String and Cytoscape software were used to analyze and construct PPI network,and Cytonca plug-in was used to cany out topology analysis to select the core targets.ClueGO plugin was used for GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis.Finally,the AutoDock software was used to conduct molecular docking between the core target and the main active ingredients of the anticancer prescription.Results:Sixty-four active compounds,159 common targets and 12 core targets of anti-cancer prescriptions were screened out,which involved 2373 GO functions and 172 KEGG pathways.Finally,the core target proteins MAPKI TP53 and JUN were screened and molecularly docked with 8 major active components.Among them,theflavonoid quercetin and luteolin had the best binding activity with MAPK1,Quercetin baicalin also had high binding activity with FOS.Conclusion:The preliminary study showed that flavonoids were an important active ingredient in the anti-cancer prescription,which mainly treated gastric cancer through multiple targets and multiple pathways,such as the effect of MAPK1 on chemical carcinogenesis in reaction with drugs,bacterial and viral infection and cell apoptosis.

Pattern of triptans use: a retrospective prescription study in Calabria, Italy

Triptans are 5-hydroxytryptamine 1 B/1 D receptor agonists used in moderate to severe migraine attacks as first line when non-specific,symptomatic,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not effective.To gain insight in the treatment of migraine in the regional context,this retrospective(from January to August of the years 2017 and 2018)study aimed at monitoring the use of triptans approved by the regional health authority in Calabria.The data demonstrate that the overall treatment of migraine with triptans in the different provinces of Calabria falls in the average regional prescription/dispensation.Interestingly,Crotone showed a trend to an increased amount of defined daily dose/1000 inhabitants per day.The present analysis might stand for homogeneity of treatment of migraineurs in Calabria and highlights the need for better understanding the apparent differences in the local pattern of almotriptan use to improve the appropriateness.

LECTURES ON CHINESE PHARMACOLOGY——The Long History of Chinese Herbal Medicine

It has long been customary since an-cient times to term all the books herbology(Ben Cao Xue),books that record theorigin,sources,collection,preparation,ap-plication effects and other special knowledgeof Chinese herbal drugs.Herbology means,as a matter of fact,the same as what

Exploring the compatibility theory of traditional Chinese medicine formulae:the disassembled prescriptions study

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has become very popular in the treatment of complex diseases worldwide in recent decades.Despite the promising performance of TCM,how herbs work synergistically in a formula and their therapeutic targets remain ambiguous.This largely limits the correct use and modernization of TCM formulas clinically.The study of disassembled prescriptions is important for investigating the compatibility theory of Chinese medicines.By dissecting the mechanisms of TCM formulae,the compatibility principles of some well-known formulae,such as Realgar-Indigo naturalis,have been elucidated to a certain extent.In this review,several common methods of disassembled prescription studies are summarized,including those of single herb or mineral,sub-prescription,active ingredients or effective parts,large formulae,and systems pharmacology studies,as well as the methods of grouping based on the properties or efficacy of Chinese medicines,in order to provide evidence for formulae study.Moreover,some challenges to be addressed in disassembled prescriptions studies have been identified in this review.

Study on the Mechanism of Angelica sinensis-Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex in the Treatment of Chronic Prostatitis Based on Network Pharmacology

[Objectives]To explore the mechanism of Angelica sinensis-Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex in the treatment of chronic prostatitis(CP)based on the method of network pharmacology.[Methods]The active components and action targets of Angelica sinensis-Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex were screened by(TCMSP),a systematic pharmacological analysis platform of traditional Chinese medicine,combined with literature search.The target was corrected by Uniprot database,and the disease CP target was screened by GeneCards and OMIM database.The common targets of drugs and diseases were screened by R language software,and the visual network map of drugs-active components-targets-diseases was constructed by Cytoscape 3.5.1 software.The common target protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed by using STRING platform.The R language software was used to annotate and analyze the gene function and pathway of the core target through geneontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG).[Results]46 active components of Angelica sinensis-Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex were screened,and 212 related targets were predicted,of which 159 were related to disease.These targets were mainly involved in biological processes such as heterologous biological stimulation,oxidation and anti-oxidation,and were mainly concentrated in PI3K-Akt,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1)and other related signaling pathways.[Conclusions]The multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway action characteristics of Angelica sinensis-Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex were confirmed by network pharmacology,and the possible mechanism of Angelica sinensis-Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex in the treatment of CP was predicted,which provided a theoretical basis for further experiments to verify its action mechanism.

Mechanism of Yinchenhao decoction in the treatment of jaundice based on network pharmacology

Objective:This study aimed to examine the mechanism of classic ancient prescription of Chinese medicine Yinchenhao decoction in treating jaundice based on network pharmacology.Method:An oral bioavailability of≥30%,a drug likeness of≥0.18,and literature studies were used to screen for Yinchen(Artemisiae scopariae herba),Zhizi(Gardeniae fructus),Dahuang(Rhei radix et rhizome)in the Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform.The active ingredient was introduced into the PubChem database to collect drug component targets and import into the Uniprot database for gene standardization.The target gene of Yinchen(Artemisiae scopariae herba)was screened via Human Gene Database(GeneCards).Then,use the Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used for network visualization analysis,and the R3.6.1 software was used for gene ontology functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses.Results:We collected a total of 47 active constituents of classic ancient prescription of Chinese medicine Yinchenhao decoction,of which 17 were related to jaundice;189,9 targets of jaundice were screened,of which 41 were interdigitated with the targets of classic ancient prescription of Chinese medicine Yinchenhao decoction.Gene ontology functional enrichment analysis revealed 111 biological processes,14 cellular components,and 28 molecular functions,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed 34 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways including hepatocellular carcinoma,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,prolactin signaling pathway,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Conclusion:Based on the network pharmacology,the analysis of jaundice and classic ancient prescription of Chinese medicine Yinchenhao decoction provides a novel idea and direction for the study of classic ancient prescription of Chinese medicine Yinchenhao decoction in the treatment of jaundice.

Comparing the mechanism of four classic Gualou-Xiebai prescriptions for cardiovascular diseases with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome based on molecular network modeling

Background:Four classical Traditional Chinese Medicine prescriptions,namely Gualou Xiebai Baijiu decoction,Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction(GLXBBX),Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi decoction(ZSXBGZ)and Danlou prescription(DL),have been frequently used for treatment of phlegm and blood stasis syndrome(PBSS)-related cardiovascular diseases.However,its therapeutic mechanism has not been clearly elucidated.This study aimed to explore PBSS and its molecular mechanism,clarify and compare the mechanisms of four prescriptions in treating PBSS-related diseases.Method:In this study,we collected four prescriptions’compounds,predicted therapeutic targets,and enriched pathways which were based on network pharmacology.Then,we analysed the commen and different mechanisms by combing the network of components,targets and pathways.Finally,molecular docking was engaged to assess the binding potential of key compounds and hub targets.Results:We showed that four prescriptions’intersection genes(VEGFA,SRC,EGFR,etc.)were commonly enriched in PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,etc.In addition,platelet activation and cAMP signaling pathway were singly enriched from the GLXBBX through unique compounds 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroxynonadeca-7,10-dienoic acid and Cyclo(L-tyrosyl-L-phenylalanyl).These bioactive compounds may exert GLXBBX’s unique pharmacological pathways via involving in mediating PPARA,PTGER3,etc.Sphingolipid signaling pathway was singly enriched from the ZSXBGZ through unique compounds tetramethoxyluteolin,ergosterol peroxide,etc.These bioactive compounds could mediate ADORA1,ADORA3 and TNFRSF1A to regulate ZSXBGZ’s unique pharmacological pathways.AMPK signaling pathway was singly enriched from the DL through unique compounds kaempferol,evofolinb,ethyl acid and aureusidin.These bioactive compounds were involved in mediating the main targets of AMPK signaling pathway,such as TNF,TNFRSF1A,etc.Conclusions:Our research demonstrated that GLXB-prescriptions involved in almost all pathological stages of PBSS-related cardiovascular diseases by modulating high-frequency shared pathways and targets mainly through key compounds(quercetin,mandenol,sitosteryl acetate and luteolin,etc.),for example,participate in the process of atherosclerosis,lipid metabolism,inflammation,immune response,thrombosis,inhibit inflammatory factors and platelet aggregation,regulate immune function,vascular function,oxidative stress.In addition to common pharmacological efficacies,there could also be specificities among GLXB prescriptions due to different compounds.For example,GLXBBX tends to regulate the function of vascular and endothelial barrier,prevent thrombosis.ZSXBGZ tends to regulate lipid metabolism and protect the heart from lipid accumulation.DL tends to maintain energy homeostasis and improve inflammation.

Exploration of Hanshi Zufei prescription for treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology

Objective:Network pharmacology combines drug and disease targets with biological information networks based on the integrity and systematicness of the interactions between drugs and disease targets.This study aims to explore the molecular basis of Hanshi Zufei formula for treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.Methods:Using TCMSP,the chemical constituents and molecular targets of Atractylodis Rhizoma,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex,Pogostemonis Herba,Tsaoko Fructus,Ephedrae Herba,Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix,Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens,and Arecae Semen were investigated.The predicted targets of novel coronavirus were screened using the NCBI and Gene Cards databases.To further screen the drug-disease core targets network,the corresponding target proteins were queried using multiple databases(Biogrid,DIP,and HPRD),a protein interaction network graph was constructed,and the network topology was analyzed.The molecular docking studies were also performed between the network’s top 15 compounds and the coronavirus(SARS-Co V-2)3 CL hydrolytic enzyme and angiotensin conversion enzymeⅡ(ACE2).Results:The herb-active ingredient-target network contained nine drugs,86 compounds,and 49 drugdisease targets.Gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis resulted in 1566 GO items(P<0.05),among which 1438 were biological process items,35 were cell composition items,and 93 were molecular function items.Fourteen signal pathways were obtained by enrichment screening of the KEGG pathway database(P<0.05).The molecular docking results showed that the affinity of the core active compounds with the SARS-CoV-23 CL hydrolase was better than for the other compounds.Conclusion:Several core compounds can regulate multiple signaling pathways by binding with 3 CL hydrolase and ACE2,which might contribute to the treatment of COVID-19.

Study on the Mechanism of Qingre Huoxue Prescription in the Intervention and Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction Based on Network Pharmacology

Objective:The objective is to study the mechanism of Qingre Huoxue prescription in the intervention and treatment of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)based on the method of network pharmacology.Materials and Methods:Five databases were used to screen the chemical compounds and targets of Ligusticum wallichii(chuanxiong),Radix Paeoniae Rubra(chishao),Lignum acronychiae(jiangxiang),Safflower(honghua),Salvia miltiorrhiza(danshen),Scutellaria baicalensis(huangqin),and Ilex pubescens(mao dong qing)in Qingre Huoxue prescription.Furthermore,Cytoscape-V3.2.1 software was used to construct the drug-component-target network.Functional protein association networks'database and the Database for Annotation,Visualization,and Integrated Discovery(DAVID)were used to visualize the protein interaction,pathway enrichment,and analysis.Results:A total of 44 active ingredients were screened out in Qingre Huoxue prescription.Among them,178 targets and 41 compounds related to Qingre Huoxue prescription's function in treating AMI were obtained.After the analysis of the drug-component-action target network on Qingre Huoxue prescription,14 key compounds and nine key targets with three scores above average were obtained.In addition,pathway enrichment and biological processes were conducted with the aid of the DAVID;and 8 related pathways and 10 biological processes were associated with AMI and related diseases;the PI3 K-AKT signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,and HIF-1 signaling pathway are the main pathways of Qingre Huoxue prescription for the treatment of AMI and related diseases.Conclusion:Qingre Huoxue prescription could treat AMI by multiple components,targets,and pathways.This study provides ideas and theoretical basis for further clinical studies on Qingre Huoxue prescription in treating AMI.

Systems pharmacology-based investigation of Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription:related mechanisms in liver injury

Liver injury remains a significant global health problem and has a variety of causes,including oxidative stress(OS),inflammation,and apoptosis of liver cells.There is currently no curative therapy for this disorder.Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription(SWGJP),derived from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),has shown its effectiveness in long-term liver damage therapy,although the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood.To explore the underlining mechanisms of action for SWGJP in liver injury from a holistic view,in the present study,a systems pharmacology approach was developed,which involved drug target identification and multilevel data integration analysis.Using a comprehensive systems approach,we identified 43 candidate compounds in SWGJP and 408 corresponding potential targets.We further deciphered the mechanisms of SWGJP in treating liver injury,including compound-target network analysis,target-function network analysis,and integrated pathways analysis.We deduced that SWGJP may protect hepatocytes through several functional modules involved in liver injury integrated-pathway,such as Nrf2-dependent anti-oxidative stress module.Notably,systems pharmacology provides an alternative way to investigate the complex action mode of TCM.

乳腺熏洗方促进非哺乳期乳腺炎术后创面愈合网络药理学分析及临床验证

目的:采用网络药理学方法分析乳腺熏洗方促进非哺乳期乳腺炎(NPM)术后创面愈合的机制,并通过临床研究对关键通路进行验证。方法:利用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)检索并筛选乳腺熏洗方的主要化合物成分和作用靶点,在人类基因综合分析数据库(Genecards)中查找与乳房创面愈合相关的共同靶点,将共同靶点输入STRING数据库,获得蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络,再使用Cytoscape 3.10.10软件绘制PPI网络图。利用DAVID数据库和Metascap数据库对疾病-药物潜在靶点进行基因本体(GO)功能富集分析及京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。采用蛋白质印迹法检测4例NPM术后患者治疗前后创面组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、信号转导和转录激活蛋白3(STAT3)蛋白表达水平。结果:乳腺熏洗方促进乳房创面愈合共涉及101个靶点,关键靶点有基质金属蛋白酶(MMP2、MMP9)、细胞因子[白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、成纤维细胞生长因子2(FGF-2)]、黏附分子(ICAM-1)和信号转导蛋白(STAT3、MAPK)等,参与了包括VEGF、缺氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)、IL-17、AGE-RAGE、TNF等信号通路的调控。治疗后,NPM术后创面组织的VEGF、STAT3蛋白表达水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺熏洗方通过多途径、多靶点的协同调节,在促进NPM术后创面愈合方面具有明确作用。

专利中药处方治疗放射性肺损伤的用药规律及作用机制研究

目的:搜集国家专利中治疗放射性肺损伤的中药处方,探索其用药规律及作用机制。方法:检索国家知识产权局中国专利公布网站中治疗放射性肺损伤的中药处方,利用古今医案云平台进行统计分析、关联分析、聚类分析及网络构建分析等;通过网络药理学方法探讨治疗放射性肺损伤核心处方的作用靶点及相关通路。结果:纳入从专利数据库建立至2022年8月治疗放射性肺损伤的中药处方专利17项,共包含153味中药,药物出现频次较高的有甘草、生地黄;常用的药对为玄参-生地黄、苦杏仁-甘草、鱼腥草-甘草、生地黄-玄参;核心处方组成包括甘草、生地黄、苦杏仁、玄参和鱼腥草;核心处方治疗放射性肺损伤的主要靶点可能为JUN、IL-6、PTGS2、FOS、IL-8、IL-10等,相关的作用通路有脂质与动脉粥样硬化、化学致癌-受体激活、化学致癌-活性氧物种、PI3K-Akt信号通路、MAPK信号通路等。结论:专利中药处方主要可能通过抑制炎症反应从而发挥减轻放射性引起的肺损伤作用。

基于网络药理学探讨益气化痰活血方治疗甲状腺功能减退症的作用机制

目的:基于网络药理学探讨益气化痰活血方治疗甲状腺功能减退症的作用机制。方法:采用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)、化学专业数据库、本草组鉴平台筛选出益气化痰活血方的活性成分,利用Swiss Target Prediction数据库预测活性成分的潜在靶点。利用Gene Cards数据库、Dis Ge NET数据库和在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库(OMIM)检索甲状腺功能减退症的相关靶点。利用STRING数据库对药物与疾病交集靶点进行蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络构建,获得益气化痰活血方治疗甲状腺功能减退症的关键靶点。利用Metascape对关键靶点进行京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)信号通路与基因本体论(GO)功能富集分析。结果:得到药效成分46个、药物靶点266个、甲状腺功能减退症靶点1 294个,最终获得关键靶点69个、KEGG通路2条。益气化痰活血方治疗甲状腺功能减退症主要成分为槲皮素、β-谷甾醇、山柰酚等,关键靶点为白细胞介素(Interleukin,IL)-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Akt Serine/Threonine Kinase,Akt)、血管内皮生长因子A(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A,VEGFA),关键的信号通路可能包括磷脂酰肌醇3激酶-蛋白激酶B(Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt,PI3K-Akt)信号通路、晚期糖基化终末产物-糖基化终末产物受体(AGE-RAGE)信号通路等。结论:本研究初步揭示了益气化痰活血方多成分、多靶点、多途径治疗甲状腺功能减退症的机制,为益气化痰活血方的临床开发利用提供了依据。

止血方药的教学思路与实践

止血方药是全国高等中医药院校规划教材药学及中药学类专业《中药药理学》中的一个章节。为了更好的让学生掌握这一章节的内容,并将知识应用于中医临床和日常实际生活中,现对止血方药的相关中药药理作用及主要学习方法进行研究和总结。本文浅谈中药药理学中止血方药的课堂教学思路,旨在培养出具有实践能力和科研创新能力的高素质人才提供理论依据和方法。