Transformer real-time reliability model based on operating conditions

Operational reliability evaluation theory reflects real-time reliability level of power system. The component failure rate varies with operating conditions. The impact of real-time operating conditions such as ambient temperature and transformer MVA (megavolt-ampere) loading on transformer insulation life is studied in this paper. The formula of transformer failure rate based on the winding hottest-spot temperature (HST) is given. Thus the real-time reliability model of transformer based on oper- ating conditions is presented. The work is illustrated using the 1979 IEEE Reliability Test System. The changes of operating conditions are simulated by using hourly load curve and temperature curve, so the curves of real-time reliability indices are ob- tained by using operational reliability evaluation.

The Design of I/O Subsystem in Satellite Real-Time Microkernel Operating System

One of the most important features of modern minor satellites is to realize autonomous moving. The performance of the satellite autonomous computer operating system acting as the control center is utmost important. The recent trend in operating system development is adopting microkernel architecture which holds such advantages as microminiaturization, modularity, portability and extendibility. The performance of I/O subsystem is currently receiving considerable research attention. Object-orientation offers an approach to application development in which software system can be constructed by composing and refining the pre-designed plug-compatible software components.It also starts with some basic notions fairly well accepted in computer science, namely encapsulation and reuse. In this paper, a new object-oriented real-time I/O subsystem model has been designed.In this model, the traditional I/O subsystem framework is discarded and a stream mechanism based on the object-oriented concept is introduced. In addition, the I/O requests are classified according to their time emergency to obtain real-time performance. So, this model meets such satelliteperformance requirements as reliability, flexibility, portability and real-time performance.

Digital arc welding power supply based on real-time operating system

A digital arc welding power supply was designed with the advanced reduced instruction set computer machine （ARM） and embedded real-time multi-task operating system micro C/OS- Ⅱ. The ARM, with its powerful calculating speed and complete peripheral equipments, is very suitable to work as the controller of the digital power supply. The micro C/OS- Ⅱ transplanted in ARM, helps to improve the respondent speed against various welding signals, as well as the reliability of the controlling software. The welding process consists of nine tasks. The tasks of great significance on reliability of the welder, for example, the A/D conversion of current and voltage, enjoy top priority. To avoid simultaneous-sharing on A/D converter and LCD module, two semaphores are introduced in to ensure the smooth performance of the welding power supply. Proven by experiments ,the ARM and the micro C/OS- Ⅱ can greatly improve both the respondent speed and the reliability of the digital welder.

A Smart Phone-oriented Embedded Real-time Operating System

This article presents an embedded Smart Phone Operating System (SPOS) independently designed by ZTE Corporation. The SPOS is based on single kernel architecture with its multi-task real-time kernel supporting hardware platforms and resources of mainstream mobile phones. It has remarkable advantages such as highly efficient and dynamic power management, priority - based preemptive scheduling, fast startup, a variety of drivers, and excellent system stability and operability. For the development of upper layer communication protocols and application software, the SPOS provides wireless communication interfaces and the application program framework.

Low-Power Operational Amplifier for Real-Time Signal Processing System of Micro Air Vehicle

A low-power complementary metal oxide semiconductor（CMOS） operational amplifier （op-amp） for real-time signal processing of micro air vehicle （MAV） is designed in this paper.Traditional folded cascode architecture with positive channel metal oxide semiconductor（PMOS） differential input transistors and sub-threshold technology are applied under the low supply voltage.Simulation results show that this amplifier has significantly low power,while maintaining almost the same gain,bandwidth and other key performances.The power required is only 0.12 mW,which is applicable to low-power and low-voltage real-time signal acquisition and processing system.

Real-Time Operation of Microgrids

Microgrid (MG) systems effectively integrate a generation mix of solar, wind, and other renewable energy resources. The intermittent nature of renewable resources and the unpredictable weather conditions contribute largely to the unreliability of microgrid real-time operation. This paper investigates the behavior of microgrid for different intermittent scenarios of photovoltaic generation in real-time. Reactive power coordination control and load shedding mechanisms are used for reliable operation and are implemented using OPAL-RT simulator integrated with Matlab. In an islanded MG, load shedding can be an effective mechanism to maintain generation-load balance. The microgrid of the German Jordanian University (GJU) is used for illustration. The results show that reactive power coordination control not only stabilizes the MG operation in real-time but also reduces power losses on transmission lines. The results also show that the power losses at some substations are reduced by a range of 6% - 9.8%.

A Concept of Dynamically Reconfigurable Real-time Vision System for Autonomous Mobile Robotics

This paper describes specific constraints of vision systems that are dedicated to be embedded in mobile robots. If PC-based hardware architecture is convenient in this field because of its versatility, flexibility, performance, and cost, current real-time operating systems are not completely adapted to long processing with varying duration, and it is often necessary to oversize the system to guarantee fail-safe functioning. Also, interactions with other robotic tasks having more priority are difficult to handle. To answer this problem, we have developed a dynamically reconfigurable vision processing system, based on the innovative features of Cleopatre real-time applicative layer concerning scheduling and fault tolerance. This framework allows to define emergency and optional tasks to ensure a minimal quality of service for the other subsystems of the robot, while allowing to adapt dynamically vision processing chain to an exceptional overlasting vision process or processor overload. Thus, it allows a better cohabitation of several subsystems in a single hardware, and to develop less expensive but safe systems, as they will be designed for the regular case and not rare exceptional ones. Finally, it brings a new way to think and develop vision systems, with pairs of complementary operators.

Analysis and Comparison of Five Kinds of Typical Device-Level Embedded Operating Systems

Today, the number of embedded system was applied in the field of automation and control has far exceeded a variety of general-purpose computer. Embedded system is gradually penetrated into all fields of human society, and ubiquitous embedded applications constitute the 'ubiquitous' computing era. Embedded operating system is the core of the em-bedded system, and it directly affects the performance of the whole system. Our Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Embedded Technology has successfully developed five kinds of device-level embedded operating systems by more than ten years’ efforts, and these systems are Webit 5.0, Worix, μKernel, iDCX 128 and μc/os-II 128. This paper mainly analyses and compares the implementation mechanism and performance of these five kinds of device-level embedded operating systems in detail.

MODEL-BASED DEVELOPMENT OF REAL-TIME SOFTWARE SYSTEM FOR ELECTRONIC UNIT PUMP SYSTEM

A real-time operating system （RTOS）, also named OS, is designed based on the hardware platform of MC68376, and is implemented in the electronic control system for unit pump in diesel engine. A parallel and time-based task division method is introduced and the multi-task software architecture is built in the software system for electronic unit pump （EUP） system. The V-model software development process is used to control algorithm of each task. The simulation results of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system （HILSS） and the engine experimental results show that the OS is an efficient real-time kernel, and can meet the real-time demands of EUP system; The built multi-task software system is real-time, determinate and reliable. V-model development is a good development process of control algorithms for EUP system, the control precision of control system can be ensured, and the development cycle and cost are also decreased.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN AIRBORNE SAR REAL-TIME DIGITAL IMAGING PROCESSOR

An airborne SAR real-time digital imaging processor is presented, and its realtime digital imaging principle and main technical parameters are analyzed briefly. The system configuration and logical structure are described in detail. Finally the main features of this system and examples of imagery obtained with the system are also presented.

High performance reconfigurable hardware system for real-time image processing

A novel reconfigurable hardware system which uses both muhi-DSP and FPGA to attain high performance and real-time image processing are presented. The system structure and working principle of mainly processing multi-BSP board, extended multi-DSP board are analysed. The outstanding advantage is that the communication among different board components of this system is supported by high speed link ports ＆ serial ports for increasing the system performance and computational power. Then the implementation of embedded real-time operating systems （RTOS） by us is discussed in detail. In this system, we adopt two kinds of parallel structures controlled by RTOS for parallel processing of algorithms. The experimental results show that exploitive period of the system is short, and maintenance convenient. Thus it is suitable for real-time image processing and can get satisfactory effect of image recognition.

Influences of Network Delay on Quality of Experience for Soft Objects in Networked Real-Time Game with Haptic Sense

In this paper, we investigate the influences of network delay on QoE (Quality of Experience) such as the operability of haptic interface device and the fairness between players for soft objects in a networked real-time game subjectively and objectively. We handle a networked balloon bursting game in which two players burst balloons (i.e., soft objects) in a 3D virtual space by using haptic interface devices, and the players compete for the number of burst balloons. As a result, we find that the operability depends on the network delay from the local terminal to the other terminal, and the fairness is mainly dependent on the difference in network delay between the players’ terminals. We confirm that there exists a trade-off relationship between the operability and the fairness. We also see that the contribution of the fairness is larger than that of the operability to the comprehensive quality (i.e., the weighted sum of the operability and fairness). Assessment results further show that the output timing of terminals should be adjusted to the terminal which has the latest output timing to maintain the fairness when the difference in network delay between the terminals is large. In this way, the comprehensive quality at each terminal can be maintained as high as possible.

实时操作系统QNX在电能质量网络监测系统中应用

简述了电能质量监测的意义及发展概况,分析了实时操作系统QNX的特点,详细介绍了实时操作系统QNX在一种电能质量网络监测系统的应用方案。该方案将数据采集和数据处理功能进行了分离,硬件部分主要实现数据采集功能,功能专一,实时性好;而数据处理主要用软件实现,易于功能扩展和数据统计。给出了基于QNX实时操作系统的网络监测系统的组成结构,其数据采集电路中,AD芯片采用ADS7864,单片机采用网络单片机DS80C400,网络接口芯片采用RTL8201,另外,还利用一块现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)芯片XC2S200对AD采样进行控制。分析了数据采集处理系统中网络连接的建立以及人机交互界面软件开发过程中的关键技术,最后给出了试验结果。

基于QNX/Linux的汽车ECU安全升级模式的研究

由于汽车ECU程序尺寸越来越大,所以通过传统的CAN网络来实现ECU升级必将花费较长的时间。因此,使用一种可靠、稳定、高效的升级方法十分必要。为了解决当前汽车ECU程序升级速度慢的问题和改善ECU程序的升级环境,提出一种基于QNX/Linux操作系统的ECU安全升级方法,即OTA升级或通过USB存储设备来升级。针对该方法基于QNX操作系统并利用USB存储设备实现了ECU程序的快速升级,并设计了一套模拟整车升级风险的实验,验证了该ECU升级模式的可行性和可靠性。

基于QNX的EAST极向场电源现场层实时控制的设计与实现

为实现对核聚变装置EAST极向场12套电源的现场层的实时控制,构建了基于QNX平台的电源分布式现场层控制系统,利用以太网现场总线控制器实现对极向场电源状态的实时控制,并通过Modbus/UDP协议实现和上位机的数据的实时通信,实时控制周期可达4ms。

某实时控制系统在QNX上的具体实现

简述了 QNX实时操作系统的特点 ,详细介绍了一实时控制系统在 QNX4.2 5上的具体实现。

基于QNX实时操作系统的PMU软件框架

针对电力系统对PMU装置提出的高可靠性和高实时性的要求,提出了一种基于QNX硬实时操作系统的PMU软件框架体系。该框架充分利用了QNX操作系统的硬实时特性和消息传递机制的优点,能够在完成人机界面、实时数据采集、网络传输、数据库等多优先级任务的同时保证PMU系统的实时响应能力和高可靠性。该软件框架已成功应用于PMU装置,实际测试表明其具有良好的性能特性。

基于QNX实时操作系统和TCP/IP协议的编程和性能测试

简单叙述了TCP/IP协议和QNX实时操作系统,详细介绍了在QNX上采用TCP/IP协议进行以太网中的编程方法及性能测试。

基于QNX实时操作系统的编程应用

简述了QNX实时操作系统的特点,详细介绍了基于QNX的多进程编程、中断处理以及TCP/IP网络通信。

QNX操作系统下的Modbus串口通信设计

在分析QNX设备驱动程序体系结构和Modbus协议的基础上,提出QNX操作系统串行接口设备驱动程序设计的一般方法,用C语言设计Modbus在QNX下的串口通信程序,经过和西门子S7-200PLC长时间的严格通信测试,结果表明该方法实时性强、稳定性好、可靠性高,取得令人满意的通信效果。