Doctor Song Fuyin's Experience in Treating Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Based on Qi,Blood Essence and Spirit Syndrome Differentiation Stage Classification

The paper systematically summarizes the experience of Director Song Fuyin in treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis which is a typical emotional disease that causes obvious changes in organ morphology and endocrine and body fluid metabolism.It belongs to the category of psychosomatic diseases,and is the embodiment of a series of pathogenesis processes of qi disease,blood disease,essence disease and deformation in TCM theory.The whole course of the disease is dominated by the dialectical relationship of mutual influence,mutual control,mutual root and mutual use among the deity disease,qi disease,blood disease,essence and spiritual disease.Therefore,the treatment emphasizes the dialectical relationship based on qi,blood,essence and spirit.At the beginning,the treatment focuses on regulating qi and clearing heat and eliminating phlegm;at the middle stage,the treatment focuses on replenishing essence and promoting yang and eliminating wind and calming the deity;at the late stage,the treatment focuses on replenishing qi and eliminating phlegm and promoting collages.Flexible use of calming the spirits,regulating qi,dispersing essence,eliminating phlegm,promoting blood and other methods of stage classification treatment,can be targeted,improve the cure rate of the disease.This article aims to clarify the experience of Director Song Fuyin in treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis based on syndrome differentiation of qi,blood essence and spirit.

On the Treatment of Kidney Fibrosis from the Theory of Internal Deficiency of Qi and the Coexistence of Phlegm and Blood Stasis

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the etiology and pathogenesis of renal fibrosis are characterized by deficiency of the lung,spleen and kidney,and phlegm,blood stasis,dampness and poison.The positive and the evil can influence each other and cause and effect each other,forming the pathological characteristics of the deficiency,the deficiency,the deficiency and the reality.Chinese medicine treatment of the disease has its unique advantages,external and internal injury equal emphasis,correction and dispelling evil and regulation.From the point of view of"deficiency of qi and coexistence of phlegm and blood stasis",the treatment of renal fibrosis can provide theoretical basis for the treatment of the disease.

Efficacy and safety of a sequential treatment with clearing heat and eliminating phlegm and tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation in treating acute ischemic stroke: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety outcomes following a sequential treatment with clearing heat and eliminating phlegm(CHEP)formula and tonifying Qi and activating blood circulation(TQABC)formula in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)within a 72 h time window.METHODS:In this randomized,multicenter,doubleblinded,placebo-controlled trial,500 participants will be randomly assigned in a ratio of 1∶1 to the CHEP+TQABC group or control group.In addition to guidelinebased standard medical care,participants in the treatment group will receive the CHEP formula for the first 5 consecutive days followed by the TQABC formula for another 10 consecutive days,while those in the control group will receive CHEP formula placebo and TQABC formula placebo consecutively.The primary outcome measure will be the comparison of the change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score from baseline to 15 days after randomization.The secondary outcome measures will include the scores on the modified Rankin Scale,Barthel Index,Patient-Reported Outcomes,TCM symptom pattern(Zheng-hou)evaluation Scale,and the incidence of in-hospital complications.Safety assessment will include the physical examination,laboratory detection,any adverse events or serious adverse events,and the proportion of any complications during hospitalization.DISCUSSION:The results of this study will provide objective and scientific data with which to assess the efficacy and safety of a sequential treatment based on“integrating disease and symptom pattern”for patients with AIS.

Summary of 32 Patients with Cardiac Syndrome X Treated by TCM Therapy of Regulating Qi Relieving Chest Stuffiness and Promoting Blood Circulation

Objective： To evaluate the clinical effect of Liqi Kuanxiong Huoxue method （宽胸活血,LKH, traditional Chinese medicine, TCM therapeutic method for regulating qi, relieving chest stuffiness and promoting blood circulation） in treating patients with cardiac syndrome X （CSX）. Methods： The prospective, non-randomized controlled study was conducted on 51 selected patients with CSX, who were non-randomly assigned to 2 groups, the treated group treated with LKH in addition to the conventional treatment （32 patients）, and the control group treated with conventional treatment （19 patients） like nitrate, diltiazem hydrochloride, etc. The treatment course was 14 days. The changes of such symptoms as angina pectoris, TCM syndrome and indexes of treadmill exercise test before and after treatment were observed. Results： After treatment, such symptoms as chest pain and stuffy feeling and palpitation in the treated group were improved more than those in the control group （P〈0.05）; the total effective rate on angina pectoris and TCM syndrome in the treated group was better than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. The treadmill exercise test showed that the maximal metabolic equivalent （Max MET）, the time of angina onset and ST segment depression by 0.1 mV were obviously improved after treatment in both groups, but the improvement in the treated group was better than that in the control group respectively （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The LKH method could reduce the frequency of angina attacks and improve the clinical condition of patients with CSX.

Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome patterns and Qi-regulating,chest-relaxing and blood-activating therapy on cardiac syndrome X

OBJECTIVE:To master the syndrome patterns characteristics and explore the effective therapy methods ofTraditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) for cardiac syndrome X(CSX).METHODS:The TCM syndrome characteristics were mastered and the TCM intervention programs were determined by clinical investigations for TCM syndrome patterns characteristics of CSX patients.Then,the clinical efficacy studies on TCM intervention for CSX were carried out through randomized controlled trials.RESULTS:CSX is a clinical syndrome with the main manifestations of chest pain and chest stuffiness,and Qi stagnation,phlegm retention and blood stasis are the basic symptoms of CSX.As a result,the Qi-regulating,chest-relaxing and blood-activating therapy integrated with some Western Medicines was adopted for treatment.The effect of Qi-regulating,chest-relaxing and blood-activating therapy can reduce the frequency and degree of angina,improve the symptoms and exercise the tolerance of patients,inhibit the inflammatory response of vascular walls and protect the function of vascular endothelial cells,which is better than that of the simple and conventionalWestern Medicine alone.CONCLUSION:A good effect was achieved in the integration of Chinese and Western Medicines for CSX.The therapy is worthy to be applied further in clinical practice.On the other hand,more long-term and randomised controlled studies with large samples are still required to further determine the clinical efficacy and safety of the therapy.

浅析前胡之推陈致新功用

前胡味苦、辛,性微寒,归肺经,《神农本草经》《本草经集注》等均记载其有推陈致新功效,可祛除在表之水饮,解在表之邪气,从而达到“推陈”之功,且其味甘可健中焦,补益胃气,故在祛除病理产物的同时还具有补益之功。柴胡、前胡均能疗伤寒寒热,发表散风,推陈致新,清里散结,而前胡更偏于除里之痰饮水气,散表之风邪,其与半夏相配能制痰饮痞结,降逆化浊;与黄芩相配可泻厥阴伏火;与桂枝相配能散表之风邪;与生姜相配意在温胃化饮。前胡之推陈致新功用既体现在气机层面,可理气、散气,对不同程度的气机瘀滞、气机凝结等均有效;又表现在活血通脉方面,在理气的基础上,通行血脉,活血化瘀。散气、活血均是“推陈”的体现,“陈”包括机体的病理产物如痰浊、水饮、瘀血、滞气、燥矢等,推出体内陈旧之代谢废物,促使新生之物产生,从而使机体达到气血通畅、五脏安和的状态。

冠心病痰瘀互结证和气虚血瘀证鉴别诊断的实验室指标筛选

目的对冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)痰瘀互结证和气虚血瘀证患者实验室指标及超声心动图分析,寻找两种证型的差异性指标,为筛选CHD痰瘀互结证和气虚血瘀证的特异性诊断标志物提供参考。方法采集前来辽宁中医药大学附属医院诊治的60例痰瘀互结证和69例气虚血瘀证CHD患者的静脉全血用于外周全血细胞分析计数,血液离心取上清检测凝血7项、心肌酶、生化指标,检测患者的超声心动图,对其结果进行统计分析,筛选差异指标,并分析两证型间差异指标的相关性以及利用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线判断各指标对CHD的诊断效能。结果将两证型CHD患者血液指标及超声心动图的定量指标对比发现,平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(mean corpuscular hemoglobin,MCH)、血清葡萄糖水平(glucose,GLU)、主动脉根部内径(aortic root internal diameter,AAO)、血小板压积(platelet pressure product,PCT)、D-二聚体水平(D-Dimer)在两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。痰瘀互结证MCH与PCT具有相关性(P<0.05);气虚血瘀证MCH与AAO具有相关性(P<0.05)。AAO、GLU及D-Dimer对CHD的诊断效能较好,AAO联合GLU检测CHD的诊断性能最佳。结论MCH、PCT、D-Dimer、GLU、AAO可作为冠心病痰瘀互结证和气虚血瘀证分型诊断指标,有可能成为CHD辨证的标志物,对于CHD的中医分型具备良好的应用价值。

从中医病机探析肺癌肿瘤微环境

肺癌是当今世界发病率和死亡率一直居高不下的恶性肿瘤,严重威胁着人民的生命健康。现代医学对肺癌的治疗基本经历了3场变革——传统的放化疗、精准靶向治疗、免疫治疗。其中免疫治疗主要通过适应性免疫系统来监视并杀伤肿瘤细胞,当下热门的嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法正是通过增强T细胞靶向杀伤肿瘤细胞的能力,达到抗癌的目的。而免疫细胞是肿瘤微环境(TME)的一部分,可见,干预TME已然成为攻克癌症的着眼点。根据中医取类比象思维推测肺癌TME,并将其病机归纳为:免疫逃逸类似营卫失和、肺卫不固;缺氧微环境类似肺脾肾气虚;酸性微环境类似痰湿阻肺;炎性微环境类似痰瘀癌毒积聚。提示以肺癌TME与中医病机契合点为指导,为中医药治疗肺癌提供遣方用药的参考依据。

基于营卫和气血关系论治痰

营气与卫气由中焦脾胃化生,具有调节人体睡眠、调节体温、调节汗液排泄等作用。营卫和气血关系密切,其来源与气血一致,功能与气血相关。营卫调和则机体气血调畅,各方面机能正常,阴平阳秘,人体达到一个平衡状态。营卫失和则气血失和,引发机体产生各种疾病。而营卫气血失和引起的各种疾病与水液代谢也有密切关系,营卫气血失和,水液代谢异常,或弥漫周身,或停聚一处化生为痰。基于营卫气血之间的密切关系,从营卫气血失和角度探讨痰的产生机制,从补益营卫气血、调和营卫气血运行方面论治痰引发的各种疾病,配伍相关药物,以期为临床从营卫气血角度治疗与痰相关疾病提供参考。

因虚致郁论治灼口综合征

灼口综合征的病位在口窍,通过经脉与脾胃紧密关联;且其常与情绪障碍相互为病,“七情内伤,脾胃先病”,脾胃亦有调节转化情志之功。笔者认为“因虚致郁”是灼口综合征发病、病程进展以及预后的重要病机。脾胃虚损则诸窍不利,继而内生痰浊、气滞等多种病邪,形成郁滞之象,导致疾病进展,迁延难愈,故在灼口综合征的防治中应重视顾护脾胃。提出治疗灼口综合征应重以补益脾胃,令中焦不虚,气血通调,同时兼施化痰清火以安疾病之变,调肝脾畅气机以防疾病迁延。临证当从病机入手,共施“补、疏、通”之法,遣方用药则根据病机演变和偏盛程度灵活配伍加减,晓治病之则,扶正祛邪,攻补兼施,提高临床思辨能力,为中医防治灼口综合征提供临床新思路。

基于“肝气虚”理论探讨原发性肝癌的辨治

原发性肝癌是我国高发的消化系统恶性肿瘤之一,目前中晚期肝癌治疗效果差。中医认为肝癌病机属本虚标实,多从虚、毒、痰、瘀等方面辨治。本文基于“肝气虚”理论,从肝气虚陷,正不胜邪始成癌、气血皆郁,痰瘀丛生促进展、癌毒鸱张,阳气亏损阴血伤,三个方面论述肝气虚、肝郁与肝癌发生发展的关系,提出针对早、中、晚期分别采用益气解郁、理气活血祛瘀、回阳救阴等治法,期望能为肝癌的辨治提供新的思路。

全国名中医凌昌全治疗肺结节的经验

肺结节作为常见的肺部占位性疾病,具有发展成肺部恶性肿瘤的潜在风险,是肺癌预防的重要环节。肺结节归属于中医学“咳嗽”“喘证”“痰核”“积聚”等范畴,其病因可分为外感和内伤两大类。外感多为六淫邪气及环境毒邪等,而内伤多与禀赋不足、饮食不节、劳倦失度、情志内伤等有关。肺结节的主要病机为气滞痰瘀痹阻肺络。虚、痰、瘀贯穿本病发展的始终。治法当以行气、消痰、化瘀、散结并重。全国名中医凌昌全基于中医辨证论治优势、结合长期临证经验,以自拟肺结节方以及变方益气散结方、养阴散结方治疗肺结节,并取得积极的临床效果,为肺结节的中医临床诊疗提供新的参考。

基于体质可调论治糖尿病大血管病变

糖尿病大血管病变为糖尿病后期的严重并发症,具有较高的致残致死率,早期干预可达既病防变目的,对于改善患者生活质量、节约医疗资源意义深远。中医体质学说认为人的体质不仅禀赋于先天,亦可通过外在手段干预而改变。糖尿病大血管病变的好发体质类型主要集中在阴虚质、气虚质、痰湿质与血瘀质。以中医治未病思想为指导,从体质可调出发,列举验案2则,为糖尿病大血管病变的高危体质类型制定出中医药、饮食、运动等具体体质调节方案,及早纠正体质偏颇,以期为临床防治糖尿病大血管病变提供参考。

降气化痰推拿法对慢性哮喘幼鼠气道重塑及TGF-β1、Smad3表达的影响

目的探讨降气化痰推拿法对慢性哮喘幼鼠气道重塑的治疗作用及潜在机制。方法将50只SPF级雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组(A组)、模型组(B组)、推拿组(C组)、地塞米松组(D组)、推拿+地塞米松组(E组),每组10只。其中除A组外,其余小鼠均制备哮喘模型。第16天开始,C、D、E组进行相应推拿、地塞米松、推拿+地塞米松治疗,B组注射等量生理盐水;第22天开始,各组连续激发7 d。比较各组的肺功能、血清白介素4(interleukin 4,IL-4)水平、肺组织病理改变以及肺组织转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、Smad3 mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果肺能功方面,与A组相比,各组给药后的气道狭窄指数明显升高、肺顺应性下降,且C、D、E组的气道狭窄指数低于B组,肺顺应性高于B组。在高浓度乙酰胆碱(6.250 g·L^(-1),12.500 g·L^(-1),25.000 g·L^(-1))给药时,E组的气道狭窄指数明显低于C、D组,且C组低于D组,C组肺顺应性低于D组(P<0.05);炎性水平方面,与A组相比,各组IL-4水平、炎症细胞浸润程度均升高,且C、D、E组均低于B组,E组低于C、D组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);HE染色结果显示,A组肺组织无明显炎性改变,B组炎性细胞浸润严重,C组、D组、E组轻微炎症浸润,且E组浸润程度低于C、D组;与A组相比,各组气道壁厚度和气道平滑肌厚度升高,且、D、E组均低于B组,E组低于C、D组;与A组相比,各组TGF-1β、Smad3 mRNA和蛋白水平均升高,且C、D、E组均低于B组,E组低于C、D组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论降气化痰推拿法能够有效改善慢性哮喘幼鼠的气道重塑,降低炎性反应水平,减轻炎性浸润,其机制可能与下调TGF-β1/Smad3通路表达相关。

马智教授以“化痰瘀,调气血”心法治疗不寐经验采撷

不寐是经常不能正常睡眠的一类病证。中医学认为不寐是由多种原因引起阴阳失调,阳不入阴而发病,严重影响人们的正常生活和生命健康。马智教授认为治疗不寐应把握住情志和饮食两个方面,遵循“化痰瘀,调气血”心法,“调肝脾,养心神”的治疗原则,结合六经与脏腑辨证,临床多有效验。

马智教授以“化痰瘀,调气血”心法治疗汗证经验

汗证无论是在外感疾病中还是在内伤疾病中都极为常见,特别是在内伤疾病中通常作为患者的主诉症状出现。异常的汗出与人体气血阴阳之盛衰、营卫之和谐密切相关,因此对于汗证的辨证论治,在临床上具有一定的意义。马智教授认为,汗属人体五液之一,是由阳气蒸化津液而来,正所谓“汗为心之液”“阳加于阴,谓之汗”。阳为卫气、阴为营血,阴阳平衡、营卫调和,则汗液不外泄。反之,若脏腑阴阳气血失调、营卫不和、卫阳不固、腠理开阖不利、营不内守,则汗液外泄异常。马智教授提出“化痰瘀,调气血”之心法,巧用益气固表、调和营卫、滋阴降火、化痰散瘀之法治疗汗证,同时注重整体观念、脏腑辨证、巧选方药,收效显著。

从气、血、痰论治冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的理论探索及临床应用

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)与中医学胸痹心痛病联系密切,作为临床常见的心血管疾病目前已成为严重威胁中老年人生命健康的多发病、常见病。因此,寻找有效的冠心病防治方法已成为迫切需要。近些年来,在冠心病的治疗方式上,传统中医治疗手段已经逐渐步入主流,无论从预防、治疗及预后的任何角度,中医都有着不能替代的优势与作用。中医学在整体观的指导下,基于辨证论治的治疗思路对疾病进行干预。基于古典医籍和丰富的各家学说,并结合中医临床流行病学调查,冠心病中医证候以“阳微阴弦”即“本虚标实”为基本病机,本虚以气虚为主,标实以血瘀、痰浊为主,其中气虚、血瘀、痰浊三者关系密切。故文章以此为切入点,探究历代胸痹心痛病相关著作中关于气虚、血瘀、痰浊的致病机制及三者之间相互依存、互为因果的理论基础,从而以病机言治则,将“益气温阳”“活血化瘀”“化痰逐饮”三法作为中医治疗胸痹的大方向,三法结合,灵活辨证,既重视阴弦之标,又兼顾阳微之本。同时与现代医学相结合,述析“益气、活血、化痰”的现代医学本质,发现其与现代医学所提出的通过正性肌力、抗凝、调脂、稳定斑块等手段抑制动脉粥样硬化形成的理念不谋而合,为临床中西医结合治疗冠心病提供理论基础。通过案例介绍现代医家从气、血、痰论治冠心病的经验,以期为临床提供新思路、新方法。

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并下肢深静脉血栓中医证素及危险因素分析

目的分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)住院患者合并下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的中医证素特点及相关危险因素。方法回顾性纳入AECOPD住院患者340例,根据下肢静脉超声结果判断是否合并DVT,分为DVT组32例和非DVT组308例,并经倾向性评分得到30对匹配病例,比较两组患者一般情况、相关检验检查结果、中医证素及四诊信息的差异。相关危险因素应用二元Logistic回归分析,并对四诊信息与证素,血气、炎症指标与D-二聚体进行相关性分析。结果该研究共纳入AECOPD住院患者340例,发生DVT者32例(占9.41%),与非DVT组比较,DVT组卧床时间≥3 d及AECOPD严重程度属Ⅱ、Ⅲ级的患者明显增多,动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))水平降低更显著,动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、中性粒细胞百分比(NEUT%)、D-二聚体水平升高更显著,出现乏力、面色晦暗、唇甲发绀、舌下络脉色黯/迂曲、舌质黯红表现的患者明显增多(P<0.05,P<0.01)。非DVT组病位单纯在肺者更多,DVT组病位及心,病性要素属“血瘀”“气虚”者更多(P<0.05,P<0.01),DVT组以痰热血瘀兼气虚占比最高(36.67%),明显高于非DVT组(6.67%)。二元Logistic回归结果显示:卧床时间≥3 d(OR=45.535,P=0.002)、D-二聚体升高(OR=13.095,P=0.037)、痰热血瘀兼气虚(OR=8.832,P=0.048)是AECOPD住院患者合并DVT的独立危险因素。进一步分析发现乏力、面色晦暗、舌下脉络色黯/迂曲、舌质黯红与痰热血瘀兼气虚存在正向相关性(0<r<1,P<0.05),NEUT%、PaCO_(2)与D-二聚体存在正向相关性(0<r<1,P<0.05);PaO_(2)与D-二聚体存在负向相关性(-1<r<0,P<0.05)。结论AECOPD合并DVT的发生率较高,对存在卧床时间长、D-二聚体升高、痰热血瘀兼气虚等相关危险因素的患者应提高警惕并及早进行预防性抗凝治疗。

近10年温针灸治疗脑卒中后痉挛作用机制研究

脑卒中后痉挛是造成脑卒中后患者运动功能恢复障碍的主要原因,温针灸治疗该病疗效显著,但作用机制尚不清晰。概述近10年温针灸治疗脑卒中后痉挛的作用机制,从中医扶助正气、温化痰瘀、平衡阴阳、调畅气机的角度,及西医改善血液流变学指标、促进神经通路重建、调节神经化学物质、抑制脊髓后角兴奋性方面展开论述,以期为临床温针灸治疗脑卒中后痉挛提供借鉴及参考。

经方六君子汤加减对新发2型糖尿病伴脾气壅塞、痰瘀阻络型肥胖的干预作用

目的 探讨经方六君子汤加减对新发2型糖尿病伴脾气壅塞、痰瘀阻络型肥胖患者的临床效果。方法 选择2023年1月-2023年9月南京市六合区中医院收治的60例新发2型糖尿病合并肥胖患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例。对照组予德谷门冬双胰岛素、盐酸二甲双胍治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用经方六君子汤加减治疗。比较两组治疗前后中医证候积分、腰围、体质量、身体质量指数(BMI)、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血脂四项(甘油三酯[TG]、总胆固醇[TC]、低密度脂蛋白[LDL]、高密度脂蛋白[HDL])、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及不良反应。结果 治疗后,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组中医证候积分、腰围、体质量、BMI、FBG、2 hPBG、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL、HDL均明显改善(P<0.05),观察组均优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗期间两组均出现低血糖1例,对照组腹泻1例,对症处理后好转,未出现明显血常规、肝肾功能异常。结论 新发2型糖尿病合并肥胖患者中加用经方六君子汤加减较单用德谷门冬双胰岛素联合盐酸二甲双胍片疗效更显著,可改善患者中医证侯积分、糖脂代谢相关指标等,不良反应少,效果满意。