Effects of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction on cefotaxime in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis

AIM:To investigate the effect of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction(CQCQD)on cefotaxime(CTX)concentration in pancreas of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS:Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into an ANP group(ANP model +CTX,n=20),treatment group(ANP model+CTX +CQCQD,n=20)and control group(normal rats+ CTX,n=20).ANP models were induced by retrograde intraductal injection of 3.5%sodium taurocholate (1 mL/kg),and the control group was injected intraductally with normal saline.All rats were injected introperitoneally with 0.42 g/kg CTX(at 12-h intervals for a continuous 72 h)at 6 h after intraductal injection. Meanwhile,the treatment group received CQCQD (20 mL/kg)intragastrically at 8-h intervals,and the ANP and control group were treated intragastrically with normal saline.At 15 min after the last CTX injection,blood and pancreas samples were collected for the determination of CTX concentration using validated high-performance liquid chromatography. Pathological changes and wet-to-dry-weight(W/D) ratio of pancreatic tissue were examined. RESULTS:Serum CTX concentrations in three groups were not significantly different.Pancreatic CTXconcentration and penetration ratio were lower in ANP group vs control group(4.4±0.6μg/mL vs 18.6± 1.7μg/mL,P=0.000;5%vs 19%,P=0.000),but significantly higher in treatment group vs ANP group (6.4±1.7μg/mL vs 4.4±0.6μg/mL,P=0.020;7% vs 5%,P=0.048).The histological scores and W/D ratio were significantly decreased in treatment group vs ANP and control group. CONCLUSION:CQCQD might have a promotive effect on CTX concentration in pancreatic tissues of rats with ANP.

ULTRAMAFIC XENOLITHS FROM A KAMAFUGITE LAVA IN CENOZOIC VOLCANIC FIELD OF WEST QINLING, CHINA AND ITS GEOLOGICAL IMPLICATION

Cenozoic potassic mafic volcanism (kamafugite magamtism) in West Qinling, Gansu province of China is a important section of Cenozoic volcanic belt of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau and adjacent area. The kamafugite magma show near\|primary magma characteristics. Strong incompatible elements concentrations in the volcanic rocks infer the kamafugite magmas may be origined from a enrichment mantle sources earlier.Four groups of deep\|seated xenoliths were collected from a kamafugite lava in West Qinling, Gansu province, China: (1)spinel Iherzolite and garnet Iherzolite; (2) harzburgite; (3) dunite and (4) clinopyroxenite. All suite of peridotite xenoliths are Cr\|diopside series. The main textures of peridotite xenoliths are granoblastic, porphyroclastic and granular, but the textures of clinopyroxenite are mainly poikilitic. The textural characteristics, mineral chemical variations and mineral geothermometric data show that the mantle source region of the Cenozoic kamafugite magam are very complex and undertook partial melting and enrichment associated with alkaline metasomatism by fluid and carbonatite melts. Geothermometry indicates the equilibration p and T conditions of the spinel lherzolite and garnet lherzolite are 970℃, 18 9GPa and 1219℃,27 61GPa corresponding to depth of 62km and 92km representatively. We suggest, combining with geophysical data, the spinel lherzolite formed at the top of upper mantle, the garnet lherzolite represent the base of lithosphere or the top of asthenosphere, but the clinopyroxenite is formed by cumulation in shallower magma reservoir. Kamafugite magmas formed within the stability field of garnet lherzolite by partial melting, the partial melting degree is only about 1%～2%. There is a superheating condition in Cenozoic mantle of West Qinling, which may be related to strong uplift of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau since cenozoic and extrusion east forward of asthenosphere beneath the Qingzang (Tibet) plateau.

Manufacturing techniques of armor strips excavated from Emperor Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum,China

The chemical compositions and microstructures of the armor strips excavated from the Emperor Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum were examined systematically by using optical microscopy and electron microscopy.It was found that the armor strips were made of pure copper.Based on the morphology of α-Cu recrystal grain and copper sulphide(Cu2S) inclusions in the armor strips,the manufacturing techniques were proposed as follows:smelting pure copper,casting a lamellar plate,forming the cast ingots into sheets through repeated cold forging combined with annealing heat treatment,and finally cutting the sheets into filaments.Furthermore,through the deformation of copper sulphide(Cu2S) inclusions in the strips,the work rate during forging was evaluated and calculated to be close to 75%.

Hua Tuo’s Wu Qin Xi (Five Animal Frolics) Movements and the Logic behind It

The key proposition of this hypothesis is logic behind the order of movements of Hua Tuo’s qigong Wu Qin Xi(Five animal frolics).To date,there were many discussions about connection of the movements of Wu Qin Xi with existing TCM theories and why Hua Tuo made it in that particular way.Some experts are saying that there is no connection but if all stories of Hua Tuo’s abilities and knowledge were half-truth,he wouldn’t let even the order of movements of qigong that he created be just a random order.Hypothesis is exploring different views on Taiji movement direction,Wu Xing and connection between animals in Wu Qin Xi,Lo Shu square and Sun wheel and proposing possible solution to the question“Why Hua Tuo made such order of animals in Wu Qin Xi?”by analyzing and and cross referencing the common ground between theories and bridging the gap the we were left without any written explanation from the master itself.Further progress and confirmation of this hypothesis requires deeper research and cooperation between Qigong expert historians.

正在此情深处:从《雅歌》8:1-7的语境析Qin’a的意义

在《雅歌》的华彩片段(8:6),qin’a与’ah?ba("爱情")形成同义对仗,然而其语意却颇有争议。它常被解读为针对或实或虚第三者的"嫉妒",或者生理性的"激情"。虽然两者在其他关于爱情的文本中都可以是爱情的同义词,但是它们都不能契合这对词出现的周边语境。因为语境对确定一个词的意义有关键作用,对qin’a这个词的解读也需要结合其语境(包括上下文和读者的诗歌体验)。本文将梳理《雅歌》8:6周边的三个诗歌单元(《雅歌》8:1-4,5,6-7),并结合《雅歌》中"在场与缺席"的主题,以推导本地语境所期待的qin’a之语意。这一系列文字分析也揭示出,女子的告白以她背负爱情的甜蜜痛苦为原动力。因此,笔者提议取qin’a的辞典第三种解释"承受痛苦",认为在爱情的语境里它可以理解为不知所起、一往而深的"深情"。它教人身不由己地背负那无法放下也不可替代的情感,在分隔和吸引之间忍耐,唯有向他者请求亲近的关系才能达成和平。以此"深情"与"爱情"相唱和,显示《雅歌》所见证的爱让人体会到,爱是要人背负而不是主宰的,而人的根基也不是自我的独立而是对他者的回应。

THE UPWARPING AND DOWNWARPING STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OF MOHO—SURFACE IN CHINESE AND NEAR REGION AND THE GENETIC MECHANICS OF QINGHAI—TIBET PLATEAU TECTONIC

Recently, this study group established “the map of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line in Chinese and Near Region" on the basis of latest survey and study of the crustal depth, the preliminary result shows that the regular meridional and latitudinal upwarping and downwarping structural pattern of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line among Eurasian plate and Pacific plate and the Indian plate alternately appears, and which is accreted and coupled with basin ridge structure that exist shallow crustal base, continental crust and oceanic crust and others regular upwarping and downwarping net structure system that possessing different block characters and different scales exist together. Among different structure systems, it occurs that ramp downwarping impetus transform structure belts whose trends is characteristic. Nowadays upwarping and downwarping net structure system is basically modeled in Himalayan orogeny period. It is showed that the Earth revolution way has been changed in this period, which leaded to a new Earth dynamics cycle.The pattern of upwarping and downwarping structure among different structure systems or different structure blocks , and the characters of different trends and different scale transform structure belts, reflects the structure movement way and their conversion law, and reveals the Earth centralized dynamics mechanics that is produced by the revolutionary effect under the environments of aster system. This can be clearly reflected by the change of impetus way between Qinghai—Tibet highland structure system and near structure system.

Chuan Qin

Chuan Qin, MD, PhD, is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences (CALAS), and the Director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences (ILAS), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College. She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations (AFLAS), a board member of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS), and Chairman of the National Standardization Technical Commitiee of Laboratory Animals. In addition to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, Prof. Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine.

The Interpretation of "Ju Men","Wen Qu" from Kun Ren Yi of Qing Nang Ao Yu-Also Discuss on the Cognition of the Study of Traditional Feng Shui

There are three different opinions of the first sentence from Qin Nang Ao Yu (青囊奥语), which was written by Yang Jun-song (杨筠松). They are “Kun Ren Yi (坤壬乙) should start from the star Ju Men (巨门)”;“Kun Ren Yi should start from the star Wen Qu (文曲)” and “Kun Ren Yi should start from both the star Lian Zhen and the star Ju Men (Lian Ju (廉巨))”. Because of the sectarianism,though the people were at odds with the opinions, we cannot find out any comprehensive and objective study on these. According to the analysis of some relevant literatures, it can be seen that there are two viewpoints nowadays. One of the viewpoints deemed that the first sentence was falsified by Jiang Da-hong (蒋大鸿), and another one deemed that was falsified by Zhang Shou-qi (张受祺). But neither of the view was credible. More precisely is that “Wen Qu” and “Ju Men” were both found in the publications simultaneously, and there were more “Wen Qu”, during the period of the end of the Ming Dynasty and the era of the emperors Kangxi and Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The influence of “Ju Meg” was gradually spread when Jiang Da-hong used it in his book and also Si Ku Quan Shu (四库全书) cited it, then let to more pithy formulas of “Ju Men” to be used now. And the “Lian Ju” was rare to be used except Duan Mu Guo-hu (端木国瑚) who used to use it. The way of interpretation is so multiple and complex on the “Wen Qu” and “Ju Men” from the Qin Nang Ao Yu, according to the perspective of Feng Shui, which is reflecting the pluralism and uncertainty of the interpretation of the traditional Feng Shui. And it is still need to be required a further more careful consideration on how to treat the studies of the traditional Feng Shui for the nowadays scholars.

The Pharmacodynamic Study of Qin Bing Eye Drop on Photokeratoconjunctivitis

Background: Qin Bing eye drop is prepared with cortex fraxini and borneol. It has been commonly used to relieve the symptoms of photokeratoconjunctivitis (PKC), chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis for more than forty years. However, the origins of cortex fraxini are various, which may result in the unstable quality. Methods: The animal model of PKC was established using rabbit’s eyes exposure to Ultraviolet (UV);levofloxaxin drop, normal saline, Qin Bing eye drops made of herbs from Hebei province and Shanxi province were respectively instilled to both eyes of rabbits;the symptoms of rabbits’ eyes were observed at different time points and scores based on weights were recorded;the recovery rates of different groups were evaluated. Results: The scores of both eyes for all rabbits were above 9 points, indicating animal models for PKC were successful;the average recovery rates of therapeutic groups, including Qin Bing eye drop groups, were higher than untreated group at different time points;the slopes of recovery rate in Qin Bing eye drop (Hebei) were above Shanxi. Conclusion: PKD animal model can be established successfully;Qin Bing eye drop groups promoted the symptoms of PKD recovering quicker than untreated group. Furthermore, Qin Bing eye drop made of herbs from province Hebei had better effects than Shanxi, which was consistent with chemical results. This indicated that chemical constituents of herbs were able to reflect the effects to a certain extent.

Brief History of Xu-style Gardens in the Qin and Han Dynasties

This paper studied the gardening activities and characteristics of Xu-style gardens in the Qin and Han Dynasties by combining ancient literature with the study of Han Dynasty stone reliefs.The results showed that by Qin and Han Dynasties,the imperial(royal)gardens and private gardens in ancient Xuzhou had developed in parallel.Imperial(royal)gardens were built by or for vassal kings,First Emperor of Qin Dynasty,Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty Liu Bang,for example,Pei Palace,Yanqi Tai,Xima Tai,Hanzu Temple,Lingguang Palace of Lu and so on.As for private gardens,stone reliefs in medium or small tombs owned by the bigwigs or the rich were collected from ancient Xuzhou,and from which we can see clearly the development of private garden from the court,the yard to the garden,rich garden plants and animal species,garden architecture types such as hall,building,pavilion,platform,boat,corridor,gate,gatetower,ornamental column etc.,particularly,hanging waterside pavilion was a unique architectural form of Xu-style garden.These achievements showed that Xu-style garden architecture had been transformed from the pre-Qin incubation period to the generation period.

A Study on the Differentiation Phenomenon of Cultural Identity and Social Role of Chinese Qin Musicians in Modern Social Context

With the social change,the role behavior of Qin culture’s producers and inheritors have changed from traditional to modern,among which the significant symbol is the differentiation of cultural identity and social role.Starting with the historical perspective,social-cultural perspective,etc.,and analyzing the role differentiation phenomenon of Qin musicians,this thesis considers that the changes in the role of the Qin musician are influenced by various external strong discourses in different periods.How to maintain the cultural creation and role responsibility of the Qin musicians’self-consciousness under the interaction of various external forces becomes the key to the successful protection and inheritance of the Qin cultural heritage.

The Excavation from Qin Dynasty

200 and more golden, jade, iron and bronze articles have been excavated from tomb of QinDynasty at Dasan′guan near the city Baoji, Shaanxi Province, recetly. Specalists highly aprraisedthis excavation as another important archaeological find of Qin Dynasty after discover the warriorfigures from Qin Tomb. The tomb talked about is classified to 2500 odd B.C. Among these articlesthe golden objects account for about half The very fascinating are three 37 cm-long iron swords

Editor-in-Chief:Chuan Qin

Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the Director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations(AFLAS),a board member of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science(ICLAS),and Chairman of the National Standardization Technical Committee of Laboratory Animals.In addition to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine,Prof.Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine.

Editor-in-Chief:Chuan Qin

Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the Director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations(AFLAS),a board member of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science(ICLAS),and Chairman of the National Standardization Technical Committee of Laboratory Animals.In addition to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine,Prof.Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine.

Editor-in-Chief: Chuan Qin

Chuan Qin,MD,PhD,is the President of the Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(CALAS),and the Director of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences(ILAS),Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College.She is also the Vice-President of the Asian Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations(AFLAS),a board member of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science(ICLAS),and Chairman of the National Standardization Technical Committee of Laboratory Animals.In addition to Animal Models and Experimental Medicine,Prof.Qin is also the Editor-in-Chief of Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica and Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine.

The Influence of the Southern Silk Road on the Social Development of the Southwestern Yi in the Qin and Han Dynasties

The Southern Silk Road ran through Sichuan,Yunnan,and other provinces of China.It was a vital transport artery that linked the region of the southwestern Yi(barbarian tribes)to the Central Plains and influenced politics,economy,and culture in the region of the southwestern Yi in ancient times.The imperial governments of the Qin and Han dynasties kept developing regions along the Southern Silk Road.Their relentless efforts brought about social development in the region of the southwestern Yi in three aspects.Politically,they established the county system and step by step integrated the southwestern frontier and the inland into an administrative whole;economically,they implemented“presenting generous gifts and tax exemption,”spread the advanced production technology from the Central Plains,and promoted local economic growth;ideologically,they spread Confucianism and culture,and promoted cultural exchange and development.

Study on the Protection of Qin Qiang Opera

In this article, the researcher first provided the overall geographical and cultural background of heritages in Shaanxi province, the cradle of Qin Qiang Opera, to generally discuss the importance of protecting intangible heritages; then he described Qin Qiang Opera from its historical and technical aspects; after applying the S.W.O.T method to analyze its cultural significances and possible risks of pressures or even disappearance, the researcher tried to work out some suggestions to the protection and development of this significant intangible heritage.

Study on the Regulation of Qinxitong Combined with Methotrexate Tablets on Multiple Inflammatory Indicators and Mechanism Factors in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Objective:To study the changes of several inflammatory index mechanism factors in the clinical efficacy of tablet and methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis.Methods:20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were randomly divided into observation(n=10)and control(n=10),then normal people as normal(n=10),all three groups were given methotrexate and the observation group were treated with Qin interest pain tablets.Expression of inflammatory index mechanism factors in each group.Results:After treatment,inflammatory index mechanism factors were detected;a significant decrease of IFN-g,IL-1b,IL-10,IL-37,TNF-a and other factors was found before and after combination treatment(P<0);IL-8 and IL-13 expression(P<0);the CRP,ESR score of the study group was lower than the control group(P<0.05);and the inflammatory index mechanism factors were affected by drug combination.Conclusion:Tablets combined with methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis patients is better than methotrexate.It obviously changed the expression of the patient’s inflammatory index mechanistic factors,which has a regulatory effect on the inflammatory mechanistic factors.

Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor

An area of both outstanding human creativity and pristine natural landscapes