Study on the Urban Tourism Development in Qin-Ba Area Based on SWOT Analysis——A case study of Dazhou City

The urban tourism of Dazhou City was analyzed by SWOT analysis method,and corresponding exploration strategies were put forward.

STUDY ON THE MIGRANT LABOUR FORCE OF CHINA IN RECENT YEARS──A Case Study of Nanhai City of Guangdong Province

This Paper, taking Nanhai City of Guangdong Province as an example, focuses on five interrelated aspects of the migrant labour force of China in recent year’s. Attention is initially paid to the background of the labour migration from inland towards coastal area. Then, the demographic characteristics of the migrant labour force are analysed before turning to the analysis on the rare for the migration. Fourthly, the impacts of the migrant workers on the socio-economic development of Nanhai City and the problems are examined. Finally, the prospects and some suggestions for the labour migration are put forward.

ULTRAMAFIC XENOLITHS FROM A KAMAFUGITE LAVA IN CENOZOIC VOLCANIC FIELD OF WEST QINLING, CHINA AND ITS GEOLOGICAL IMPLICATION

Cenozoic potassic mafic volcanism (kamafugite magamtism) in West Qinling, Gansu province of China is a important section of Cenozoic volcanic belt of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau and adjacent area. The kamafugite magma show near\|primary magma characteristics. Strong incompatible elements concentrations in the volcanic rocks infer the kamafugite magmas may be origined from a enrichment mantle sources earlier.Four groups of deep\|seated xenoliths were collected from a kamafugite lava in West Qinling, Gansu province, China: (1)spinel Iherzolite and garnet Iherzolite; (2) harzburgite; (3) dunite and (4) clinopyroxenite. All suite of peridotite xenoliths are Cr\|diopside series. The main textures of peridotite xenoliths are granoblastic, porphyroclastic and granular, but the textures of clinopyroxenite are mainly poikilitic. The textural characteristics, mineral chemical variations and mineral geothermometric data show that the mantle source region of the Cenozoic kamafugite magam are very complex and undertook partial melting and enrichment associated with alkaline metasomatism by fluid and carbonatite melts. Geothermometry indicates the equilibration p and T conditions of the spinel lherzolite and garnet lherzolite are 970℃, 18 9GPa and 1219℃,27 61GPa corresponding to depth of 62km and 92km representatively. We suggest, combining with geophysical data, the spinel lherzolite formed at the top of upper mantle, the garnet lherzolite represent the base of lithosphere or the top of asthenosphere, but the clinopyroxenite is formed by cumulation in shallower magma reservoir. Kamafugite magmas formed within the stability field of garnet lherzolite by partial melting, the partial melting degree is only about 1%～2%. There is a superheating condition in Cenozoic mantle of West Qinling, which may be related to strong uplift of Qingzang (Tibet) plateau since cenozoic and extrusion east forward of asthenosphere beneath the Qingzang (Tibet) plateau.

Culturally-loaded Chinese Discourse of Gu-qin and Its Inspiration to Translation——Based on a Maxim from a Chinese Classics The Roots of Wisdom

Inspired by one of the maxims in a Chinese classics entitled The Roots of Wisdom,the present paper borrows the typical culturally-loaded Chinese discourses of Gu-qin — "stringed lute" and "non-stringed lute"—to add to the literary translation terminology and to enrich some Chinese literary translation theories.On the basis of analyzing some related theories in linguistics,pragmatics,aesthetics and communication which show different perspectives relevant with the study of translation,the present paper offers a new angle to illustrate how the Chinese discourses of Gu-qin,rich in cultural implications,can best describe translation and bring new vigor and vitality into the diversity and further expansion of the field of translation research.

Labour analgesia effects on foetal heart rate. A mini-review

Foetal well-being during labour is of utmost importance. One of the ways to attempt to assess foetal well-being is by recording foetal heart rate (FHR). Loss of variability and deceleration patterns are known to be associated with foetal distress. Decelerations and foetal bradycardia have been described after any type of effective labour analgesia. This review addresses the questions if certain analgesic techniques and/or analgesics lead to clinically relevant FHR changes, what is their aetiology, and how we should manage these FHR changes.

Effects of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction on cefotaxime in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis

AIM:To investigate the effect of Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction(CQCQD)on cefotaxime(CTX)concentration in pancreas of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS:Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into an ANP group(ANP model +CTX,n=20),treatment group(ANP model+CTX +CQCQD,n=20)and control group(normal rats+ CTX,n=20).ANP models were induced by retrograde intraductal injection of 3.5%sodium taurocholate (1 mL/kg),and the control group was injected intraductally with normal saline.All rats were injected introperitoneally with 0.42 g/kg CTX(at 12-h intervals for a continuous 72 h)at 6 h after intraductal injection. Meanwhile,the treatment group received CQCQD (20 mL/kg)intragastrically at 8-h intervals,and the ANP and control group were treated intragastrically with normal saline.At 15 min after the last CTX injection,blood and pancreas samples were collected for the determination of CTX concentration using validated high-performance liquid chromatography. Pathological changes and wet-to-dry-weight(W/D) ratio of pancreatic tissue were examined. RESULTS:Serum CTX concentrations in three groups were not significantly different.Pancreatic CTXconcentration and penetration ratio were lower in ANP group vs control group(4.4±0.6μg/mL vs 18.6± 1.7μg/mL,P=0.000;5%vs 19%,P=0.000),but significantly higher in treatment group vs ANP group (6.4±1.7μg/mL vs 4.4±0.6μg/mL,P=0.020;7% vs 5%,P=0.048).The histological scores and W/D ratio were significantly decreased in treatment group vs ANP and control group. CONCLUSION:CQCQD might have a promotive effect on CTX concentration in pancreatic tissues of rats with ANP.

Research on the Impact of Rural Labour Forces Transfer on the Urban-rural Income Based on Economics of Discrimination

On the basis of the analytical frame of discrimination, the thesis establishes a model of transfer of rural labour forces into city, and researches the impact of rural labour forces transfer on urban-rural income. The results show that the transfer of rural labour forces into city can increase urban-rural income and bridge the income gap between city and village to a certain extent. However, the capital stock of city in China is greatly more than that of the village, so the rural labour forces transfer cannot eliminate the urban-rural income gap completely. In order to elevate the rural income level in China and narrow urban-rural income gap, the government should paint a picture with two brushes at the same time: on one hand, the government should promote the transfer of rural labour forces into city, and change the status quo of dual urban-rural labour forces market structure; on the other hand, the government should increase the input in rural areas and promote the increase of rural capital stock so as to further increase rural residents' income in the process of labour forces transfer.

Sonopelvimetry: An Innovative Method for Early Prediction of Obstructed Labour

Aim: To evaluate an innovative sonopelvimetry method for early prediction of obstructed labour. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in two centers.GPS-based sonopelvimetry, laborProTM?(Trig Medical Inc., Yoqneam Ilit, Israel) devise, was used prior to labour in nulliparous women at 39 - 42 weeks gestation remote from labor. Maternal pelvic parameters, including inter-iliac transverse diameter, obstetric conjugate and interspinous diameter were evaluated. Fetal parameters included head station, biparietal diameter and occipitofrontal diameter. Data on delivery and outcome were collected from the electronic files. Results: The innovative use of sonopelvimetry was applied to 154 consecutive women, none of the participants complained of discomfort or complications observed. The mean time of examination was 15 + 2 minutes. Mean time of examination to delivery interval was 4.8 days (range 0 - 16 days). Small interspinous diameter and high head station were the best predictors for obstructed labour. Analysis indicated 87% sensitivity and 61% specificity for birth weight fetal head station and ISD combined in predicting obstructed labour with an area under the curve of 0.77. Conclusions: Our results indicate that GPS-based?sonopelvimetry combined with fetal estimated weight is a valuable tool in the risk assessment of obstructed labour. Parameters obtained by sonopelvimetry combined with birth weight may be useful.

Experiences of women with the support they received from their birth companions during labour and delivery in Malawi

A study was conducted to describe the experiences of primiparous women with the support they received from their birth companions during labour and delivery in Malawi. The study design was descriptive and utilized qualitative data collection and analysis method on a sample of 20 primiparous women. The women were recruited from the postnatal ward of Bwaila hospital and were interviewed regarding their experiences on the support they received from their birth companions during labour and delivery using an open ended interview guide. Data was manually analyzed using content analysis. Primiparous women described the support they received from their birth companions as useful and beneficial. Birth companions provided advice, physical, emotional and spiritual support to the women during their labour and delivery. In addition, the birth companions were viewed as guardians of the women during labour and delivery. Results however, show that some women were not properly assisted by their companions because both the mothers and companions lacked knowledge on birth companionship. The results further show that birth companions play important roles during the birth and delivery of primiparous women and thereby improving birth outcomes. Therefore, there is a need to train the companions regarding support to a woman during labour and delivery. Primiparous women also need to be trained during antenatal care education so that they properly understand the roles of a birth companion as opposed to those of the midwives.

Manufacturing techniques of armor strips excavated from Emperor Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum,China

The chemical compositions and microstructures of the armor strips excavated from the Emperor Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum were examined systematically by using optical microscopy and electron microscopy.It was found that the armor strips were made of pure copper.Based on the morphology of α-Cu recrystal grain and copper sulphide(Cu2S) inclusions in the armor strips,the manufacturing techniques were proposed as follows:smelting pure copper,casting a lamellar plate,forming the cast ingots into sheets through repeated cold forging combined with annealing heat treatment,and finally cutting the sheets into filaments.Furthermore,through the deformation of copper sulphide(Cu2S) inclusions in the strips,the work rate during forging was evaluated and calculated to be close to 75%.

Foley Balloon Catheter versus Oral Misoprostol for Induction of Labour after Prelabour Rupture of Membranes: A Retrospective Data Analysis

Objectives: The Foley balloon catheter (FC) is a viable method for cervical ripening, but concerns about infection risk restrict its use in cases of prolonged prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the FC compared to oral misoprostol for cervical ripening after PROM. Study Design: A retrospective data-analysis of 128 pregnant women was conducted. Of these, 49 underwent cervical ripening with an FC and 79 with oral misoprostol. We included all women with a vital singleton pregnancy at 37 - 42 weeks of gestation who underwent cervical ripening after ≥ 24 hours of PROM in specific time frames in two Dutchsecondary care and teaching hospitals. The primary outcome was the incidence of intrapartum infection, a composite of maternal and neonatal infection. In addition, we evaluated the mode of delivery, duration of priming and priming-to-delivery interval. Secondary endpoints included uterine hyperstimulation, umbilical cord prolapse, birth weight, Apgar scores, length of admission to the neonatal low dependency unit, admission to the (neonatal) Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and mortality. Statistical analyses included bivariate and multivariate techniques. Results: Cervical ripening with FC, compared with oral misoprostol, showed a higher incidence of intrapartum infection, respectively 32.7% (n = 16) vs. 12.7% (n = 10) (p = 0.006). However, after adjusting for epidural anaesthesia and pregestational BMI, the association was no longer significant. No difference was found in mode of delivery and total priming-to-delivery interval (median 21.3 hours vs. 22.0, p = 0.897). Furthermore, FC, compared with oral misoprostol, showed a longer duration of cervical ripening and hence a shorter duration of active labour (p 0.001). Apart from the 1-min Apgar score, secondary maternal and neonatal outcomes did not differ between the groups. Conclusion: In women who require cervical ripening after prolonged PROM at term, the FC and oral misoprostol are similar in terms of efficacy and safety. Advantages associated with the FC are its safe application in women with a history of caesarean section, although we did not study these women, and an implied shorter duration of active labour. Our study adds to the limited available data on the use of the FC after the rupture of membranes and a large randomized controlled trial is needed to strengthen our findings.

Removal of laparoscopic cerclage stitches via laparotomy and rivanol-induced labour: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic cervical cerclage is performed for patients with abnormal cervical anatomy and/or transvaginal cervical cerclage failure.However,the method of removing the stitches to allow labour induction remains controversial.According to published literature,stitches are removed through laparoscopic or transvaginal methods.Herein,we report,for the first time,a case of a patient who had undergone laparoscopic cerclage,and then underwent removal of stitches by laparotomy and labour induction in the third trimester of pregnancy.CASE SUMMARY A patient who underwent laparoscopic cervical cerclage due to cervical insufficiency became pregnant naturally following the operation.At 31 wk of pregnancy,severe foetal malformations were found.To successfully induce labour,cerclage stitches were removed via laparotomy,and rivanol was injected directly into the uterus.Following successful induction of labour,the patient delivered a dead foetus.CONCLUSION This report provides a reliable scheme of removing cerclage stitches for patients who have undergone laparoscopic cerclage but experience severe foetal malformations.

The Asymmetric Response of Older Male Labour Force Participation Rates to Pension Reform and Labour Market Variables

Increasing the labour force participation rates of older workers is a fundamental component of most OECD （Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development） countries＇ response to the fiscal pressures associated with ageing populations. Both pension reform and employment policies are key elements to achieving such increases in participation and reversing the early retirement trends of recent decades. Econometric modeling results from a panel of 12 OECD countries indicate that labour market variables have a greater influence than social security pension value or the standard age of retirement on the labour force participation rates of males aged 55-64 years. Further results from modeling the potential asymmetric response of participation rates to unemployment rates indicate that a decrease in unemployment rates has a greater impact upon increasing the labour force participation rates of older workers compared to the effect of an increase on unemployment rates has on discouraging participation. We found mixed results for the asymmetric response of participation to an increase or decrease in pension value. Findings thus emphasize the importance of labour market oriented policies to reduce unemployment rates in the developed economies in coming years to address ageing population concerns.

The Changing Labour Relations during the Period of Economic Reform:A Case Study of Chinese Township and Village Enterprises in Yangtze River Delta

The economic reform launched in the People's Republic of China(China) led to a rapid growth in non-state sectors.Various forms of corporate governances and ownerships emerged during the last two decades,especially the Township and Village Enterprises owned by local residents.This article is conducted on the changing labour relations in Chinese Township and Village Enterprises(TVEs) despite their increasing contributions to China's transition from planned economy to market economy,and studies the labour market and the Labour Law to understand the unique labour mobility and to test the relationship between Human Resource Management(HRM) practice and the performance among TVEs.

正在此情深处:从《雅歌》8:1-7的语境析Qin’a的意义

在《雅歌》的华彩片段(8:6),qin’a与’ah?ba("爱情")形成同义对仗,然而其语意却颇有争议。它常被解读为针对或实或虚第三者的"嫉妒",或者生理性的"激情"。虽然两者在其他关于爱情的文本中都可以是爱情的同义词,但是它们都不能契合这对词出现的周边语境。因为语境对确定一个词的意义有关键作用,对qin’a这个词的解读也需要结合其语境(包括上下文和读者的诗歌体验)。本文将梳理《雅歌》8:6周边的三个诗歌单元(《雅歌》8:1-4,5,6-7),并结合《雅歌》中"在场与缺席"的主题,以推导本地语境所期待的qin’a之语意。这一系列文字分析也揭示出,女子的告白以她背负爱情的甜蜜痛苦为原动力。因此,笔者提议取qin’a的辞典第三种解释"承受痛苦",认为在爱情的语境里它可以理解为不知所起、一往而深的"深情"。它教人身不由己地背负那无法放下也不可替代的情感,在分隔和吸引之间忍耐,唯有向他者请求亲近的关系才能达成和平。以此"深情"与"爱情"相唱和,显示《雅歌》所见证的爱让人体会到,爱是要人背负而不是主宰的,而人的根基也不是自我的独立而是对他者的回应。

Hua Tuo’s Wu Qin Xi (Five Animal Frolics) Movements and the Logic behind It

The key proposition of this hypothesis is logic behind the order of movements of Hua Tuo’s qigong Wu Qin Xi(Five animal frolics).To date,there were many discussions about connection of the movements of Wu Qin Xi with existing TCM theories and why Hua Tuo made it in that particular way.Some experts are saying that there is no connection but if all stories of Hua Tuo’s abilities and knowledge were half-truth,he wouldn’t let even the order of movements of qigong that he created be just a random order.Hypothesis is exploring different views on Taiji movement direction,Wu Xing and connection between animals in Wu Qin Xi,Lo Shu square and Sun wheel and proposing possible solution to the question“Why Hua Tuo made such order of animals in Wu Qin Xi?”by analyzing and and cross referencing the common ground between theories and bridging the gap the we were left without any written explanation from the master itself.Further progress and confirmation of this hypothesis requires deeper research and cooperation between Qigong expert historians.

Epidural abscess after multiple lumbar punctures for labour epidural catheter placement

Epidural catheterization is routinely used by anaesthesiologists to provide labour and post-operative analgesia. In most cases, catheter placement is without serious side effects and uneventful. However, epidural abscess is a rare complication that may result in severe morbidity. We present a case of epidural abscess after labour epidural catheter placement in a healthy 36-year-old female who presented on post-partum d 10 with complaints of fever and back pain. She was treated with intravenous antibiotics and fully recovered.

SOME ASPECTS OF EXPORT LABOUR SERVICE IN CHINA

This paper focuses on the evolution and characteristics of the export labour service in China since the modern time especially since the reform of economic system in 1978.Historically the contract workers,central to the goal of making a living,were the main body of the international migration.And Guangdong and Fujian provinces were the main origin places of the migration but the destination of the migrants varied.Both pull and push forces for driving the migration were identified.Then analysis is turned to the characteristics of export labour service of China since the reform of economic system in 1978.1)The export laobur has increased rapidly despite a small quantity.2)The export labour service is planned and organized.3)The export workers are considered temporary migrants.4)The dominant ways of export labour service are project contracts and pure labour export.And 5)the destinations of export labour are scattered over the world.Thirdly,the impact of the export labour service on the origin places and the emerging problems and contradictions were examined. In China,export labour service has alleviated the employment contradiction and gradually become one of sources of gaining foreign currency on the one hand,and China,through the service,has learnt the advanced technology and management experiences of other countries.However,some problems in the service such as small number,unsatisfactory quality of the export labour,and the weak link betweenthe service and employment are emerging,which need to be solved.Finally,the prospects for China as a large country of export labour was discussed.

THE UPWARPING AND DOWNWARPING STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OF MOHO—SURFACE IN CHINESE AND NEAR REGION AND THE GENETIC MECHANICS OF QINGHAI—TIBET PLATEAU TECTONIC

Recently, this study group established “the map of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line in Chinese and Near Region" on the basis of latest survey and study of the crustal depth, the preliminary result shows that the regular meridional and latitudinal upwarping and downwarping structural pattern of MOHO\|surface bathymetric line among Eurasian plate and Pacific plate and the Indian plate alternately appears, and which is accreted and coupled with basin ridge structure that exist shallow crustal base, continental crust and oceanic crust and others regular upwarping and downwarping net structure system that possessing different block characters and different scales exist together. Among different structure systems, it occurs that ramp downwarping impetus transform structure belts whose trends is characteristic. Nowadays upwarping and downwarping net structure system is basically modeled in Himalayan orogeny period. It is showed that the Earth revolution way has been changed in this period, which leaded to a new Earth dynamics cycle.The pattern of upwarping and downwarping structure among different structure systems or different structure blocks , and the characters of different trends and different scale transform structure belts, reflects the structure movement way and their conversion law, and reveals the Earth centralized dynamics mechanics that is produced by the revolutionary effect under the environments of aster system. This can be clearly reflected by the change of impetus way between Qinghai—Tibet highland structure system and near structure system.

Non-Fistulous Complications of Prolonged Obstructed Labour among Obstetric Fistula Patients in Southern Nigeria

Background: Long-term complications of prolonged obstructed labour are multisystemic, obstetric fistula about the most devastating. Efforts at controlling obstetric fistula pay little attention to the non-fistulous injuries which reduce the quality of life of the affected women even after a successful fistula repair. The objectives of this study were to determine the burden of the non-fistulous complications among fistula patients, identify these injuries and the factors associated with them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Obstetric Fistula Centre, Abakaliki, South-East Nigeria from July to December 2016. The hospital has performed over 2600 free fistula repairs. This study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of the hospital. The study population comprised of women who developed obstetric fistula following prolonged obstructed labour. Direct questioning, examination findings, operation findings and laboratory results, using a pre-tested, semi-structured and interviewer-administered proforma were used to collect data. Informed consent was obtained from the subjects. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] version 21. Frequency and proportions were used to describe categorical variables while means and standard deviation were used to describe continuous variables. Association between categorical variables and direct obstructed labour injuries was tested using chi-square test and predictors of obstructed labour injuries were determined using logistic regression. A P-value 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One hundred and sixty one (161) women participated in the study. The mean age of the women was 33.4 years while the mean parity was 3.2. Non-fistulous complications of prolonged obstructed labour were found in 96.9% (156) of the women. These included cervical retraction (42.2%), obstetric nerve palsy (30.4%), vaginal scarring (29.8%), partial urethral loss (16.1%), anal sphincter injury (3.1%), cervical stenosis (5.0%) and urethral stenosis (3.7%). Others were ammoniacal dermatitis (29.2%), secondary amenorrhoea (21.7%), secondary infertility (9.3%), dyspareunia (6.8%), hypomenorrhea (1.2%) and bladder stone (3.7%). Majority (79.4%) of the women with cervical retraction had caesarean section (CS) as against 20.6% who had vaginal delivery. This was statistically significant (P 0.001). A higher proportion of participants with amenorrhea were delivered via CS (44.3%) compared to those who had vaginal delivery (21.2%). This was also statistically significant (P = 0.012). Neurologic injury was associated with primiparity although this was not statistically significant (P = 0.171). Conclusion: Almost all fistula patients also have non-fistulous complications of prolonged obstructed labour. Efforts to manage the fistula should equally address these complications. We advocate comprehensive care for identification and management of these injuries to improve the quality of life and overall well-being of these women. To reduce complications like cervical retraction, there should be an emphasis on safer caesarean section for women with prolonged obstructed labour.