[ Objective] The research aimed to study climatic change in Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and the surrounding areas from 1880 to 2011. [ Method] Based on GISS temperature grid data, by using change rules of the annual and mo...[ Objective] The research aimed to study climatic change in Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and the surrounding areas from 1880 to 2011. [ Method] Based on GISS temperature grid data, by using change rules of the annual and monthly anomaly temperatures, sliding t-test and wavelet analysis, periodicity and tendency of the atmospheric temperature change in Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and the surrounding areas were analyzed. [ Re- sult] Both annual and monthly anomaly temperatures in Qinghai -Tibet Plateau in recent 130 years presented rise tendency. Since the 1990s, tem- perature rose evidently, and it presented temperature-rise tendency of winter 〉 autumn 〉 spring 〉 summer. Rise velocity of the temperature had spatial difference. Rise velocity of the temperature in west Inner Mongolia was the highest, followed by west Sichuan and east Tibet. Rise velocity of the temperature in some areas of Xinjiang was the slowest. Abrupt change of the temperature happened in the 1930s, and main period of the wavelet analysis was 10 years. [ Conclusion] The research could lay foundation for discussinq Qlobal climate change.展开更多
The seasonal frozen soil on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has strong response to climate change, and its freezing-thawing process also affects East Asia climate. In this paper, the freezing soil maximum depth of 46 statio...The seasonal frozen soil on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has strong response to climate change, and its freezing-thawing process also affects East Asia climate. In this paper, the freezing soil maximum depth of 46 stations covering 1961–1999 on the plateau is analyzed by rotated experience orthogonal function (REOF). The results show that there are four main frozen anomaly regions on the plateau, i.e., the northeastern, southeastern and southern parts of the plateau and Qaidam Basin. The freezing soil depths of the annual anomaly regions in the above representative stations show that there are different changing trends. The main trend, except for the Qaidam Basin, has been decreasing since the 1980s, a sign of the climate warming. Compared with the 1980s, on the average, the maximum soil depth decreased by about 0.02 m, 0.05 m and 0.14 m in the northeastern, southeastern and southern parts of the plateau, but increased by about 0.57 m in the Qaidam Basin during the 1990s. It means there are different responses to climate system in the above areas. The spectrum analysis reveals different change cycles: in higher frequency there is an about 2-year long cycle in Qaidam Basin and southern part of the plateau in the four representative areas whereas in lower frequency there is an about 14-year long cycle in all the four representative areas due to the combined influence of different soil textures and solutes in four areas.展开更多
生态功能分区是生态系统管理的重要环节,基于生态系统服务簇进行生态功能分区对维持生态系统的可持续性具有重要意义。以青藏高原生态屏障区为例,采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and...生态功能分区是生态系统管理的重要环节,基于生态系统服务簇进行生态功能分区对维持生态系统的可持续性具有重要意义。以青藏高原生态屏障区为例,采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs,InVEST)、修正通用土壤流失方程模型(Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation,RUSLE)和卡内基-阿梅斯-斯坦福模型(Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach,CASA)评估产水量、土壤保持、固碳和生境质量,在县域尺度上基于主导的生态系统服务类型将研究区划分3个生态系统服务多功能区(生态调节多功能区E1、生态供给多功能区E2和生态支持多功能区E3),并分析了生态系统服务多功能区的时空变化及影响因素。结果表明:(1)与2000年相比,2015年青藏高原生态屏障区产水量和土壤保持减弱,固碳和生境质量提高;(2)青藏高原生态系统服务多功能区时空变化主要是E1和E3之间的相互转化;(3)降水是影响青藏高原生态系统服务多功能区空间格局形成的最主要因素,人口密度是增幅最明显的因素。社会经济因素和自然因素的共同作用加强了多功能区的相互转化。该研究结果可为青藏高原土地多功能属性的管理和国土空间整体功能的提升提供价值参考。展开更多
文摘[ Objective] The research aimed to study climatic change in Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and the surrounding areas from 1880 to 2011. [ Method] Based on GISS temperature grid data, by using change rules of the annual and monthly anomaly temperatures, sliding t-test and wavelet analysis, periodicity and tendency of the atmospheric temperature change in Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and the surrounding areas were analyzed. [ Re- sult] Both annual and monthly anomaly temperatures in Qinghai -Tibet Plateau in recent 130 years presented rise tendency. Since the 1990s, tem- perature rose evidently, and it presented temperature-rise tendency of winter 〉 autumn 〉 spring 〉 summer. Rise velocity of the temperature had spatial difference. Rise velocity of the temperature in west Inner Mongolia was the highest, followed by west Sichuan and east Tibet. Rise velocity of the temperature in some areas of Xinjiang was the slowest. Abrupt change of the temperature happened in the 1930s, and main period of the wavelet analysis was 10 years. [ Conclusion] The research could lay foundation for discussinq Qlobal climate change.
基金Key project of CAS, No.KZCX1-10-07 Key project of Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, No.CX210097 NSFC No.49805006.
文摘The seasonal frozen soil on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has strong response to climate change, and its freezing-thawing process also affects East Asia climate. In this paper, the freezing soil maximum depth of 46 stations covering 1961–1999 on the plateau is analyzed by rotated experience orthogonal function (REOF). The results show that there are four main frozen anomaly regions on the plateau, i.e., the northeastern, southeastern and southern parts of the plateau and Qaidam Basin. The freezing soil depths of the annual anomaly regions in the above representative stations show that there are different changing trends. The main trend, except for the Qaidam Basin, has been decreasing since the 1980s, a sign of the climate warming. Compared with the 1980s, on the average, the maximum soil depth decreased by about 0.02 m, 0.05 m and 0.14 m in the northeastern, southeastern and southern parts of the plateau, but increased by about 0.57 m in the Qaidam Basin during the 1990s. It means there are different responses to climate system in the above areas. The spectrum analysis reveals different change cycles: in higher frequency there is an about 2-year long cycle in Qaidam Basin and southern part of the plateau in the four representative areas whereas in lower frequency there is an about 14-year long cycle in all the four representative areas due to the combined influence of different soil textures and solutes in four areas.
文摘生态功能分区是生态系统管理的重要环节,基于生态系统服务簇进行生态功能分区对维持生态系统的可持续性具有重要意义。以青藏高原生态屏障区为例,采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs,InVEST)、修正通用土壤流失方程模型(Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation,RUSLE)和卡内基-阿梅斯-斯坦福模型(Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach,CASA)评估产水量、土壤保持、固碳和生境质量,在县域尺度上基于主导的生态系统服务类型将研究区划分3个生态系统服务多功能区(生态调节多功能区E1、生态供给多功能区E2和生态支持多功能区E3),并分析了生态系统服务多功能区的时空变化及影响因素。结果表明:(1)与2000年相比,2015年青藏高原生态屏障区产水量和土壤保持减弱,固碳和生境质量提高;(2)青藏高原生态系统服务多功能区时空变化主要是E1和E3之间的相互转化;(3)降水是影响青藏高原生态系统服务多功能区空间格局形成的最主要因素,人口密度是增幅最明显的因素。社会经济因素和自然因素的共同作用加强了多功能区的相互转化。该研究结果可为青藏高原土地多功能属性的管理和国土空间整体功能的提升提供价值参考。
