BACKGROUND The quality-adjusted life year(QALY)is a metric that is increasingly used today in the field of health economics to evaluate the value of different medical treatments and procedures.Surgical waiting lists(S...BACKGROUND The quality-adjusted life year(QALY)is a metric that is increasingly used today in the field of health economics to evaluate the value of different medical treatments and procedures.Surgical waiting lists(SWLs)represent a pressing problem in public healthcare.The QALY measure has rarely been used in the context of surgery.It would be interesting to know how many QALYs are lost by patients on SWLs.AIM To investigate the relationship between QALYs and SWLs in a systematic review of the scientific literature.METHODS The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement.An unlimited search was carried out in PubMed,updated on January 19,2024.Data on the following variables were investigated and analyzed:Specialty,country of study,procedure under study,scale used to measure QALYs,the use of a theoretical or real-life model,objectives of the study and items measured,the economic value assigned to the QALY in the country in question,and the results and conclusions published.RESULTS Forty-eight articles were selected for the study.No data were found regarding QALYs lost on SWLs.The specialties in which QALYs were studied the most in relation to the waiting list were urology and general surgery,with 15 articles each.The country in which the most studies of QALYs were carried out was the United States(n=21),followed by the United Kingdom(n=9)and Canada(n=7).The most studied procedure was organ transplantation(n=39),including 15 kidney,14 liver,5 heart,4 lung,and 1 intestinal.Arthroplasty(n=4),cataract surgery(n=2),bariatric surgery(n=1),mosaicplasty(n=1),and septoplasty(n=1)completed the surgical interventions included.Thirty-nine of the models used were theoretical(the most frequently applied being the Markov model,n=34),and nine were real-life.The survey used to measure quality of life in 11 articles was the European Quality of Life-5 dimensions,but in 32 articles the survey was not specified.The willingness-to-pay per QALY gained ranged from$100000 in the United States to€20000 in Spain.CONCLUSION The relationship between QALYs and SWLs has only rarely been studied in the literature.The rate of QALYs lost on SWLs has not been determined.Future research is warranted to address this issue.展开更多
Japan’s aging rate (ratio of elderly aged 65 and older to total population) has exceeded 20%. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships between Health Related Quality of Life, Body Mass Index (BMI), and ...Japan’s aging rate (ratio of elderly aged 65 and older to total population) has exceeded 20%. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships between Health Related Quality of Life, Body Mass Index (BMI), and sleep quality. Subjects were 51 adults over 55 years old with chronic disease who living in the community. Instruments and structured interviews were used giving due consideration to privacy. Interviews were conducted within 10 - 20 minutes at the out-patient department. The evaluation instruments included bodymass index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A significant positive correlation (ρ = 0.321, p < 0.05) between PSQI and QOL (OHIP-14) scores was confirmed with sleep quality being lower with lower QOL scores. A negative correlation (ρ = ?0.339, p < 0.05) between physical health component summary scores (PCS) and mental health component summary scores (MCS) of HRQOL was confirmed, demonstrating that PCS was low, and the level of MCS was high. Sleep quality was found lower among those with lower oral health-related QOL scores. Moreover, in subjects with lower MCS scores, the PCS scores were found to be higher. Accordingly, it was considered appropriate that dental treatment and care, support the maintenance of activities and sleep, and mental health promotion which are likely requisites critical for elderly persons’ maintenance of independent lifestyles in their familiar community.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> I Do Biotech’s implants were developed starting in 2014. Since then,...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> I Do Biotech’s implants were developed starting in 2014. Since then, they obtained GMP and KFDA licenses for distribution in 2015. The main objective of this paper is to determine the survival rate of I Do Biotech implants five years after the first surgery.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Material and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1000 implants were used on 480 prosthes</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s across 10 clinics on 320 healthy, non-smoker and non-diabetic patients, chosen at random, of which 160 are male and 160 female, all in the age range of 30 to 50 years old. The failure rate was studied related to the patient’s gender, the length and diameter of the implant, anatomical location, the percentage of peri-implantitis, prosthodontic failures and the patient’s quality of life.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Discussion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The results obtained are similar to those of Van Steenberghe D. Dieter-Busenlechner, E. Serrano Catauria and far superior to those of Sáenz Guzmán. Failure rates vary greatly from study to study due to the heterogeneity of the samples in the other research papers. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The overall implant failure rate at 5 years is 1.7%. The factors affecting significantly the survival rate are: the implant diameter, its length and the anatomic area. Failure ratios increase significantly when the diameter or the length of the implant decrease</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and when they are placed in the posterior maxilla (up to 4.3%).</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The rate of peri-implantitis is 5.1%. The prosthodontic failure rate is 2.91%. The improvement in quality of life and satisfaction increases with the years.</span>展开更多
质量调整生命年(quality adjusted life years,QALYs)作为多维健康效用指标的1种,它在卫生经济学评价和疾病负担评价中的应用越来越广泛。目前,未见详细归纳阐述不同研究类型下QALYs测算方法的报道。该文主要探讨了QALYs计算的基本原理...质量调整生命年(quality adjusted life years,QALYs)作为多维健康效用指标的1种,它在卫生经济学评价和疾病负担评价中的应用越来越广泛。目前,未见详细归纳阐述不同研究类型下QALYs测算方法的报道。该文主要探讨了QALYs计算的基本原理和过程,并进一步归纳总结在具体研究中如何根据研究设计来选择合适的QALYs计算方法,以期为研究者提供参考依据,促进其在我国卫生领域研究中的应用。展开更多
目的探讨3年维持治疗对胃食管反流病(GERD)的疗效,以及GERD三个亚型之间的关系。方法对非糜烂性反流病(NERD)、糜烂性食管炎(EE)、Barrett’s食管(BE)给予质子泵抑制剂+伊托必利维持治疗,并进行3年前瞻性随访,以胃食管反流病问卷(GerdQ...目的探讨3年维持治疗对胃食管反流病(GERD)的疗效,以及GERD三个亚型之间的关系。方法对非糜烂性反流病(NERD)、糜烂性食管炎(EE)、Barrett’s食管(BE)给予质子泵抑制剂+伊托必利维持治疗,并进行3年前瞻性随访,以胃食管反流病问卷(GerdQ)评分及内镜检查结果评估患者的生活质量(quality of life,QOL)及食管黏膜愈合情况。结果 8周标准初始治疗及1年减量及按需维持治疗后,NERD及EE患者的GerdQ评分均较治疗前显著下降(P<0.05);1年、2年、3年按需治疗食管黏膜愈合率分别为92%、93%及95%(与8周后比较,P均<0.05,2年、3年与1年后比较差异无显著性);5例NERD(15.6%)转化为EE(LA-A/B),4例(23.5%)EE转化为NERD。结论减量及按需维持治疗均为GERD患者长期治疗的有效策略,可促使患者生活质量的持续改善及黏膜愈合,就依从性而言按需治疗更有优势;少数NERD与较轻级别的EE(LA-A/B)可相互转化。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The quality-adjusted life year(QALY)is a metric that is increasingly used today in the field of health economics to evaluate the value of different medical treatments and procedures.Surgical waiting lists(SWLs)represent a pressing problem in public healthcare.The QALY measure has rarely been used in the context of surgery.It would be interesting to know how many QALYs are lost by patients on SWLs.AIM To investigate the relationship between QALYs and SWLs in a systematic review of the scientific literature.METHODS The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement.An unlimited search was carried out in PubMed,updated on January 19,2024.Data on the following variables were investigated and analyzed:Specialty,country of study,procedure under study,scale used to measure QALYs,the use of a theoretical or real-life model,objectives of the study and items measured,the economic value assigned to the QALY in the country in question,and the results and conclusions published.RESULTS Forty-eight articles were selected for the study.No data were found regarding QALYs lost on SWLs.The specialties in which QALYs were studied the most in relation to the waiting list were urology and general surgery,with 15 articles each.The country in which the most studies of QALYs were carried out was the United States(n=21),followed by the United Kingdom(n=9)and Canada(n=7).The most studied procedure was organ transplantation(n=39),including 15 kidney,14 liver,5 heart,4 lung,and 1 intestinal.Arthroplasty(n=4),cataract surgery(n=2),bariatric surgery(n=1),mosaicplasty(n=1),and septoplasty(n=1)completed the surgical interventions included.Thirty-nine of the models used were theoretical(the most frequently applied being the Markov model,n=34),and nine were real-life.The survey used to measure quality of life in 11 articles was the European Quality of Life-5 dimensions,but in 32 articles the survey was not specified.The willingness-to-pay per QALY gained ranged from$100000 in the United States to€20000 in Spain.CONCLUSION The relationship between QALYs and SWLs has only rarely been studied in the literature.The rate of QALYs lost on SWLs has not been determined.Future research is warranted to address this issue.
文摘Japan’s aging rate (ratio of elderly aged 65 and older to total population) has exceeded 20%. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships between Health Related Quality of Life, Body Mass Index (BMI), and sleep quality. Subjects were 51 adults over 55 years old with chronic disease who living in the community. Instruments and structured interviews were used giving due consideration to privacy. Interviews were conducted within 10 - 20 minutes at the out-patient department. The evaluation instruments included bodymass index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A significant positive correlation (ρ = 0.321, p < 0.05) between PSQI and QOL (OHIP-14) scores was confirmed with sleep quality being lower with lower QOL scores. A negative correlation (ρ = ?0.339, p < 0.05) between physical health component summary scores (PCS) and mental health component summary scores (MCS) of HRQOL was confirmed, demonstrating that PCS was low, and the level of MCS was high. Sleep quality was found lower among those with lower oral health-related QOL scores. Moreover, in subjects with lower MCS scores, the PCS scores were found to be higher. Accordingly, it was considered appropriate that dental treatment and care, support the maintenance of activities and sleep, and mental health promotion which are likely requisites critical for elderly persons’ maintenance of independent lifestyles in their familiar community.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> I Do Biotech’s implants were developed starting in 2014. Since then, they obtained GMP and KFDA licenses for distribution in 2015. The main objective of this paper is to determine the survival rate of I Do Biotech implants five years after the first surgery.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Material and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 1000 implants were used on 480 prosthes</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s across 10 clinics on 320 healthy, non-smoker and non-diabetic patients, chosen at random, of which 160 are male and 160 female, all in the age range of 30 to 50 years old. The failure rate was studied related to the patient’s gender, the length and diameter of the implant, anatomical location, the percentage of peri-implantitis, prosthodontic failures and the patient’s quality of life.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Discussion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The results obtained are similar to those of Van Steenberghe D. Dieter-Busenlechner, E. Serrano Catauria and far superior to those of Sáenz Guzmán. Failure rates vary greatly from study to study due to the heterogeneity of the samples in the other research papers. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The overall implant failure rate at 5 years is 1.7%. The factors affecting significantly the survival rate are: the implant diameter, its length and the anatomic area. Failure ratios increase significantly when the diameter or the length of the implant decrease</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and when they are placed in the posterior maxilla (up to 4.3%).</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The rate of peri-implantitis is 5.1%. The prosthodontic failure rate is 2.91%. The improvement in quality of life and satisfaction increases with the years.</span>
文摘质量调整生命年(quality adjusted life years,QALYs)作为多维健康效用指标的1种,它在卫生经济学评价和疾病负担评价中的应用越来越广泛。目前,未见详细归纳阐述不同研究类型下QALYs测算方法的报道。该文主要探讨了QALYs计算的基本原理和过程,并进一步归纳总结在具体研究中如何根据研究设计来选择合适的QALYs计算方法,以期为研究者提供参考依据,促进其在我国卫生领域研究中的应用。
文摘目的探讨3年维持治疗对胃食管反流病(GERD)的疗效,以及GERD三个亚型之间的关系。方法对非糜烂性反流病(NERD)、糜烂性食管炎(EE)、Barrett’s食管(BE)给予质子泵抑制剂+伊托必利维持治疗,并进行3年前瞻性随访,以胃食管反流病问卷(GerdQ)评分及内镜检查结果评估患者的生活质量(quality of life,QOL)及食管黏膜愈合情况。结果 8周标准初始治疗及1年减量及按需维持治疗后,NERD及EE患者的GerdQ评分均较治疗前显著下降(P<0.05);1年、2年、3年按需治疗食管黏膜愈合率分别为92%、93%及95%(与8周后比较,P均<0.05,2年、3年与1年后比较差异无显著性);5例NERD(15.6%)转化为EE(LA-A/B),4例(23.5%)EE转化为NERD。结论减量及按需维持治疗均为GERD患者长期治疗的有效策略,可促使患者生活质量的持续改善及黏膜愈合,就依从性而言按需治疗更有优势;少数NERD与较轻级别的EE(LA-A/B)可相互转化。
