Researching the Impact of the Quality of Village Governance on Farmers’Well-Being:From the Perspectives of Income and Occupational Differentiation

The goal of village governance is to improve the well-being of farmers,so this study aims to measure the impact the quality of village governance on the well-being of farmers.It also examines the heterogeneity of this impact across different farmer groups from the perspectives of income levels and occupational differentiation.To this end,this study developed an indicator system based on survey data collected from 1,442 farmers in the Sichuan,Shaanxi,and Gansu provinces,as well as the Ningxia Hui autonomous region.Multiple linear regression models were then used to analyze this data,and the findings revealed that improvements in the quality of village governance significantly increased the well-being of farmers.Specifically,primary-level empowerment and capacity building were shown to contribute the most to the enhancement of the farmers’well-being,followed by social inclusion,and social cohesion was found to have only a minimal effect.In terms of income levels,improving the quality of village governance benefited middle-income farmers the most,followed by low-income farmers,and it had the least effect on high-income farmers.In terms of occupations,full-time farmers gained the most from improvements in the quality of village governance,followed by off-farm farmers,with part-time farmers benefiting the least.Based on these findings,this study suggests that policymakers should improve the quality of village governance to enhance the well-being of farmers,focusing on the impact that level of income and occupational differentiation have on village governance.

Relationship between spiritual well-being and Health-Related Quality of Life and some related factors in patients with AIDS/HIV

Objective:The study of effective factors on the quality of life(QoL),as an important criterion,in the outcome of new therapeutic and preventive strategies in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)has been considered by researchers.To study the relationship between spiritual well-being and Health-Related Quality of Life(HRQoL)and some related factors in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome([AIDS]/HIV).Methods:In this cross-sectional study,224 people were selected as the study population(112 were male and 112 were female)from patients with AIDS/HIV at the Behavioral Counseling Center of Shiraz with available sampling method.The research tool was Palutzian&Ellison well-being scale and QoL Questionnaire(SF-36).Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test.Results:There was a significant direct relationship between physical function dimensions(P=0.003).There was a significant relationship between general well-being,mental well-being,and total spiritual well-being(P<0.001).There was a statistically significant relationship between the dimensions of QoL and spiritual well-being with some age section of the patients,and their occupation and education(P<0.001).Conclusions:Spirituality has an impact on the QoL dimensions.Therefore,HIV positive people’s quality of life could be improved by the possibility of the spiritual well-being promotion as a method of adaptation with the disease.

Translation of Well-being Assessment Instruments in African Contexts: A Mapping Review and Future Directions

A fundamental requirement for proper measurement of well-being in diverse contexts is the appropriate translation of well-being measures into the languages spoken by the specific population.The aim of this paper is to identify measures of well-being that have been translated into African languages up to the year 2019 and make suggestions for researchers who are faced with the challenge of translating well-being instruments into local languages.Online databases were searched to identify published studies reporting the translation of well-being instruments into African languages.Some researchers were further contacted and requested to provide relevant studies.A total of 352 publications were retrieved and 44 translated measures met the inclusion criteria.Findings showed that all the translated African language versions of existing measures were published between 2006 and 2019.Although the published translations were increasingly widespread,the distribution of available studies was uneven,with very low published translation activity in East and North Africa and a preponderance of publications on translated instruments in South Africa.The authors suggest deriving population norms for relevant translations;increasing funding and other resources for translation projects;developing cross-national collaborations on translations;and making the translated versions of well-being instruments more accessible for use by other researchers.

Effect of psychological nursing interventions on effectiveness and quality of life in schizophrenia patients receiving modified electroconvulsive therapy

BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a common and severe mental disorder characterized by severe thought disturbances,hallucinations,delusions,and emotional instability.For some patients,conventional treatment methods may not effectively alleviate symptoms,necessitating the use of alternative therapeutic approaches.Modified electroconvulsive therapy(MECT)is an effective treatment modality for schizophrenia,inducing anti-depressive and antipsychotic effects through the stimulation of brain electrical activity.AIM To explore the impact of psychological nursing intervention(PNI)before and after MECT on the efficacy and quality of life of patients with schizophrenia.METHODS Eighty patients with schizophrenia who received MECT treatment from 2021 to 2023 were randomly divided into two groups:The intervention group(n=40)and the control group(n=40).The intervention group received PNI before and after MECT,while the control group received routine nursing care.The efficacy of MECT was evaluated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)and the Clinical Global Impression Scale(CGI)before and after the treatment.The quality of life was assessed by the Short Form 36 Health Survey(SF-36)after the treatment.RESUITS The intervention group had significantly lower scores of PANSS and CGI than the control group after the treatment(P<0.05).The intervention group also had significantly higher scores of SF-36 than the control group in all domains except physical functioning(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PNI before and after MECT can improve the efficacy and quality of life of patients with schizophrenia.It is suggested that nurses should provide individualized and comprehensive psychological care for patients undergoing MECT to enhance their recovery and well-being.

An Evaluation Scale of Medical Services Quality Based on “Patients' Experience”

An evaluation scale of medical services quality was developed on the basis of ＂patients＇ experience＂. The questionnaires were developed by, among others, searching relevant literature, col- lecting well-established assessment scales, measuring patients＇ experience and satisfaction, brain-storming, literature analysis. Delphi method was adopted for expert consultation. Scale items were screened and revised. The key indexes were converted. Field surveys were conducted for testing the reliability and validity of the scale. Our modified evaluation scale for measuring medical services quality based on ＂patients＇ experience＂ included 6 dimensions （tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and continuity）, and 50 items. The novel scale based on ＂patients＇ experience＂ may better serve the purpose of assessin~ medical services quality.

Assessing the quality of studies in meta-analyses: Advantages and limitations of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale

One of the most important points in the meta-analyses is certainly represented by the assessment of the quality of the studies included in such research. The meta-analyses are considered the highest level of evidence in science. Also for this reason, the quality of the studies included should be accurately evaluated by standardized tools. The overall results of the metaanalysis depend indeed also on a rigorous evaluation of the studies quality. Among all the possible tools for this complex evaluation, the Newcastle Ottawa Scale(NOS) is one of the most used worldwide, above all for observational studies. In this review, we will discuss the strengths and limitation of the NOS, also on the basis of the branch of science in which it has been applied.

Development of the Scale of Quality of Life for Diseases with Visual Impairment

Purpose :To describe the development of the of scale quality of life which can measure the quality of life of Chinese patients with visual impairment. Methods: Based on a thorough literature search and consultation with ophthalmologists and public health professionals, 20 items were selected to create a scale. Fifty-seven cataract patients with vision impairment and 60 glaucoma patients with vision impairment and visual field loss were measured by the scale to evaluate the validity, reliability and responsiveness of the scale.Results: The scale covered four domains of the quality of life(QOL). The criterion related validity of the scale: r = 0. 6865 (P=0. 001). The test-retest reliability of the scale: r = 0. 8959(P = 0. 001). Coronback’s alpha was 0. 9359. The variance ratio (VR) of intra-individual variance to inter- individual variance was 0. 0551 for overall scores. The correlation coefficient of split-half method was 0. 9553. The responsiveness; T-test, T = 5. 95 (P = 0. 001), effect size

Subjective well-being of Sichuan adolescents from Han, Qiang and Yi nationalities

Using subjective well-being scale for adolescents, this article studies the subjective well-being of 900 adolescents from Han, Qiang and Yi nationalities in mainland of China. Results: In general, the SWB of the adolescents from the three nationalities is at the level of more than medium. Their SWB is significant difference in the aspects of nationality, grade and academic records. In view of interaction, their SWB is also of differ- rent dimensions because the interrelated effects are significant between genders and grades, between genders and academic records, between grades and academic records, and even between grades and their parental educational levels and parental occupations.

Application of Quality of Life Scale in Hematological Disease Research

Quality of life research is an emerging and rapidly developing health measurement technology.Quality of life assessment is performed using scales.Accurate quality of life assessment provides comprehensive information of patient which allows clinicians to put emphasis on overall quality of life(Total QOL)of patient.Quality of life scales have been applied for analysis of diseases such as leukemia and immune thrombocytopenia.This article reviews the use of commonly used quality of life scales for hematological diseases.

A Scheme of Dynamic Voltage Restorer to Improve Power Quality in Large Scale Industrial Enterprises

Loads in large scale industrial enterprises are always various and complex, causing insecure power quality. Meanwhile, some sensitive loads or precise instruments demand for high power quality. When voltage flicker or harmonics occurs, dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) can be used to stabilize the load-side voltage, which is a good manner of improving power quality. The paper explains the load demand in large scale industrial enterprises, analyzes several common voltage compensation scheme of DVR, and comes up with another voltage compensation scheme of DVR applied for double power supply with double load. A Simulink model according to the new scheme is also built in MATLAB/Simulink to test its performance. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can guarantee the load-side voltage stability, which is an effective scheme for managing power quality.

Ocular manifestations and quality of life in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

AIM:To explore the relationship between ocular and systemic conditions and the impact of ocular complications on the quality of life(QOL)in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(ALLO-HSCT).METHODS:Forty-four patients with severe hematopoietic disease were enrolled after ALLO-HSCT at our center from July 2018 to October 2020.They completed two questionnaires:the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)and the quality-of-life scale for Chinese patients with visual impairment(SQOL-DV1).Ocular conditions and systemic conditions were also assessed.RESULTS:Eye damage was correlated with total bilirubin(P=0.005),and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)(P=0.021).There was no significant correlation between the overall QOL score and OSDI(P=0.8226)or SQOLDV1(P=0.9526)scores.The OSDI and the overall QOL score were not correlated with ocular conditions,including best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure,Schirmer tear test II,sodium fluorescein staining,tear film breakup time,and tear meniscus height.SQOLDV1 was correlated with BCVA(P=0.0007),sodium fluorescein staining(P=0.007),and tear film breakup time(P=0.0146).CONCLUSION:In some patients,early ocular symptoms are not evident after ALLO-HSCT,while ocular surface complications can be observed after a comprehensive ophthalmological examination.Especially for those with elevated total bilirubin or GGT,regular ophthalmic follow-up visits are essential to diagnose and treat ocular graft versus host disease(o GVHD),especially for patients with elevated total bilirubin or GGT.

《内经》“关刺”联合“合谷刺”治疗不宁腿综合征疗效观察

目的 观察《内经》“关刺”联合“合谷刺”治疗不宁腿综合征(restless legs syndrome, RLS)的临床疗效。方法 将100例RLS患者随机分为治疗组(50例,脱落1例)和对照组(50例,脱落2例)。治疗组给予“关刺”联合“合谷刺”治疗,阳陵泉、膝关、丘墟采用关刺法,伏兔、丰隆、漏谷采用合谷刺法;对照组给予假针刺治疗。治疗前后采用国际RLS评定量表(international restless leg syndrome scale, IRLSS)评价患者不宁腿严重程度,采用RLS生活质量量表(RLS quality of Life, RLSQoL)评价患者生活质量,采用失眠严重指数量表(insomnia severity index, ISI)评价患者的睡眠情况,并比较两组临床疗效。结果 治疗组总有效率为91.8%,显著高于对照组的41.7%(P<0.01)。治疗后,治疗组IRLSS评分低于治疗前和对照组(P<0.01),治疗组RLSQoL评分高于治疗前和对照组(P<0.01),治疗组ISI评分低于治疗前和对照组(P<0.01)。对照组治疗前后各项评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 《内经》“关刺”联合“合谷刺”可显著改善RLS患者临床症状,在中医学理论的指导下拓展了《内经》五刺法的临床应用。

高校大规模招生应用综合素质评价的困境与对策

综合素质评价纳入高校招生是新高考改革的重要内容,然而除了部分试点高校对综合评价招生进行积极探索以外,在高校大规模招生中尚未有效应用,影响到新高考改革的整体成效。从高校主体视角看,综合素质评价在高校大规模招生中的应用困境主要表现为“不能用”“不愿用”“不会用”“不敢用”的“四大困境”。实现高校在大规模招生中对综合素质评价“能用”“愿用”“会用”“敢用”,需要提升综合素质评价质量,扩大综合素质评价使用空间;树立正确的招生理念,控制招生录取工作成本;加强相关研究与探索,提升高校招生能力;加快构建社会诚信体系,提供包容的改革环境。

城市创新创业活力与新兴产业核心技术:空间极化、规模门槛与中介效应

城市新企业、新资本和新发明涌现是孕育新兴产业核心技术的活力源泉,对加快形成新质生产力具有重要意义。利用中国城市面板数据考察创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术的影响及作用机制。研究发现:(1)城市创新创业活力显著促进新兴产业核心技术数量提升,在考虑一系列稳健性检验后结论仍然成立。(2)创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术活动的影响存在“边际递增”的城市规模门槛特征,而对邻近城市产生显著的抑制作用,存在“马太效应”和“虹吸效应”。(3)城市创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术活动的影响存在区域和梯度异质性,不同地理位置和文化区的城市存在显著差异,而资源型城市、智慧城市和创新型城市的分组回归体现了梯度性特征。(4)创新创业活力通过提升城市多样性,特别是专业化部门的多样性程度,促进新兴产业核心技术数量增长。

高等教育规模、城镇化与区域经济增长机制研究——基于省级面板数据的证据

高等教育规模是经济持续增长的重要因素,城镇化是否在高等教育规模对区域经济增长的影响中发挥了重要中介效应,需要进一步研究。为此,可以基于2004一2020年国家统计局省级面板数据,分析高等教育规模与区域经济增长的关系,辨析城镇化在两者关系中的作用,进而探究高等教育规模、城镇化对区域经济增长的影响机理。研究结果表明:高等教育规模促进区域经济增长具有直接作用;城镇化对区域经济增长具有正向驱动作用;城镇化在高等教育规模促进区域经济增长过程中发挥了中介效应。这也证明了“高等教育规模一城镇化一区域经济增长”机制的存在。为有效利用该机制,建议适度扩大高等教育规模,加快培养高层次创新人才,因地制宜加快新型城镇化建设,推动城镇产业结构升级,建设现代化产业体系,促进区域经济快速健康发展。

外周动脉疾病生活质量量表汉化的构建及信效度检验

目的 翻译外周动脉疾病生活质量量表(vascular quality of life questionnaire, VascuQOL)再施以优化,得到和我国文化背景与语言习惯相契合的汉化版VascuQOL。方法 通过顺译、回译、修改条目、专家咨询、文化调适及预调查,得到汉化版VascuQOL;以重庆医科大学附属第一医院血管外科302名下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者为研究对象,对量表的信效度展开检验。结果 汉化版VascuQOL各条目临界比值为3.086~17.605;量表各条目评分和总分之间的关联系数为0.237~0.695(P<0.01);量表各条目内容效度为0.861~1.000,总量表内容效度为0.986;探索性因子分析(EFA)找到特征根在1以上的5项公因子,累计方差贡献率是67.39%,Bartlett’s球形检验中χ2值为3289.061(P<0.01);采用欧洲五维健康量表EQ-5D-5L作为校标,Pearson相关分析为0.697;内部一致性信度Cronbach’sɑ系数为0.871,各维度Cronbach’sɑ系数分别为0.893、0.859、0.759、0.569、0.727(P<0.01);重测信度为0.996。结论 汉化版VascuQOL具有良好的信度和效度,可用于我国下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者的生活质量测评。

高校大型仪器设备技术人员专业能力框架研究

大型仪器设备是高校科研创新和人才培养的重要设施,技术人员的专业能力是决定大型仪器设备使用效益的关键。构建专业能力框架是加强高水平技术队伍建设的基础性工作。从理论知识、实践技能、创新应用和研究品质4个维度构建了高校大型仪器设备技术人员专业能力框架,对技术人员应具备的专业能力进行了全面、科学的描述,对指导技术人员明确职业发展目标、规划专业发展路径有重要指导作用,对学校加强技术队伍建设顶层设计具有参考价值。

仙鹤草-白术对腹泻型肠易激综合征脾虚湿阻证患者的疗效观察

目的探讨仙鹤草-白术治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征脾虚湿阻证的临床效果及机制。方法将120例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组60例。治疗组予以仙鹤草-白术汤剂口服治疗,对照组予以培菲康联合蒙脱石散口服治疗,疗程1个月。观察治疗后2组主要症状改善情况、综合疗效以及治疗前后血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平。结果治疗组腹胀或腹痛症状改善率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组治疗后血清5-HT、IL-1β均下降,但治疗组较对照组下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组腹痛积分和腹泻积分下降,且治疗组较对照组下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组治疗后汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分和肠易激综合征生活质量量表(IBS-QOL)评分均较治疗前下降,且治疗组HAMA评分和IBS-QOL评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论仙鹤草-白术可能通过降低5-HT、IL-1β的分泌水平,达到治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征脾虚湿阻证的作用。

量表指导下调整护理策略对PCI患者的影响

目的探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)患者采用量表指导下调整护理策略的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2022年11月接收的PCI患者102例,以随机数字表法分成干预组和对照组,每组51例。对照组给予常规护理,干预组给予量表指导下调整护理策略,比较2组生活质量、舒适度、并发症。结果干预后2组世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表评分升高(P<0.05),干预组较对照组升高(P<0.05);2组干预后舒适状况量表评分升高(P<0.05),干预组较对照组升高(P<0.05);干预组并发症发生率较对照组降低(P<0.05)。结论PCI患者给予量表指导下调整护理策略能够提高生活质量、舒适度,减少并发症发生。