Effects of Tai Ji Quan training on gait kinematics in older Chinese women with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Although Tai Ji Quan has been shown to relieve pain and improve functional mobility in people with knee osteoarthritis(OA), little is known about its potential benefits on gait characteristics among older Chinese women who have a high prevalence of both radiographic and symptomatic knee OA. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a tailored Tai Ji Quan intervention on gait kinematics for older Chinese women with knee OA.Methods: A randomized controlled trial involving 46 older women in Shanghai, China, with clinically diagnosed knee OA. Randomized(1:1)participants received either a 60 min Tai Ji Quan session(n = 23) 3 times weekly or a 60 min bi-weekly educational session(n = 23) for 24 weeks.Primary outcomes were changes in gait kinematic measures from baseline to 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes included changes in scores on the Western Ontario and Mc Master University Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC) and Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB).Results: After 24 weeks the Tai Ji Quan group demonstrated better performance in gait velocity(mean difference, 8.40 cm/s, p = 0.01), step length(mean difference, 3.52 cm, p = 0.004), initial contact angle(mean difference, 2.19°, p = 0.01), and maximal angle(mean difference, 2.61°,p = 0.003) of flexed knees during stance phase compared to the control group. In addition, the Tai Ji Quan group showed significant improvement in WOMAC scores(p < 0.01)(mean difference,-4.22 points in pain, p = 0.002;-2.41 points in stiffness, p < 0.001;-11.04 points in physical function, p = 0.006) and SPPB scores(mean difference, 1.22 points, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Among older Chinese women with knee OA, a tailored Tai Ji Quan intervention improved gait outcomes. The intervention also improved overall function as indexed by the WOMAC and SPPB. These results support the use of Tai Ji Quan for older Chinese adults with knee OA to both improve their functional mobility and reduce pain symptomatology.

Tai Ji Quan:From traditional applications to contemporary practice

A warm welcome to this special issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,which is devoted to Tai Ji Quan and its wide range of applications. Tai Ji Quan is a unique aspect of Chinese culture,with a history extending back several centuries.1 Although it evolved from the martial art of Wushu,2 training and practice of Tai Ji Quan involve synchronized execution of bodily movements with deliberate intention and rhythmic breathing.For this reason,it has often been viewed as a healing art for nurturing the human body,warding off diseases,and enhancing overall health and well-being.The unique combination of these martial and healing dimensions has made Tai Ji Quan a distinctive exercise modality that attracts practitioners of all ages from all walks of life.

Implementing Tai Ji Quan:Moving for Better Balance in real-world settings:Success and challenges

1.Introduction The article by Fink and Houston1 in this special issue of Journal of Sport and Health Science provides an excellent example of implementing an evidence-based fall prevention program in real communities with diverse cultures of elderly populations.Although preliminary,the project revealed a number of interconnected barriers and facilitators that shed light on practical implications ("lessons learned") for policymakers and program providers regarding implementation of any evidence-based intervention.While applauding Fink and Houston's effort,in this commentary we share our experiences with Tai Ji Quan:Moving for Better Balance (TJQMBB)2 in the state of Maryland,with a discussion of our own set of lessons learned in terms of successes and challenges.

Mei symmetry and Mei conserved quantity of Appell equations for a variable mass holonomic system

Mei symmetry and Mei conserved quantity of Appell equations for a variable mass holonomic system are investi- gated. Appell equations and differential equations of motion for a variable mass holonomic system are established. A new expression of the total first derivative of the function with respect of time t along the systematic motional track curve, and the definition and the criterion of Mei symmetry for Appell equations under the infinitesimal transformations of groups are given. The expressions of the structural equation and Mei conserved quantity for Mei symmetry in Appell are obtained. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTION OF TAIYUAN URBAN COORDINATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPME NT

As the economic,political and cultu ral center of a nation or a region,cit ies are the carriers of human activi-ties.In a sense,only cities take the path of the coordinated sustainable development,it is possible for a cou ntry or a re-gion,even the whole world ,to develo p coordinately and sustainbly.Today,how to describe the urban sustainable develop-ing level and measure the coordinate d degree of environment,economy and society,has attracted more and more atten-tions of urban managers and research ers.City is assumed to be a big system composed by 3subsystems of environm ent,economy and society,a set of indicators for urban coordinated sustainab le development of Taiyuan have been d esigned accord-ing to the thought of coordinated sustainable development and the reality of Taiyuan development.In this ind icator set there are three levels,which can be c alled as target level,indicator lev el and statistic indicator level.Am ong them,tar-get level includes three high-generalized grade-1indicators,represe nting the development standard of economy,society and environment subsystems.In this paper,according to the ideas of system theory and QIAN Xue-sen's theory o f meta-synthesis methodology fromqualitative analysis to quantitative analysis,the level,the sustainabl e degree and the coordi-nated degree of urban development we re set up,which described the urban c oordinated sustainable developmen t scientifical-ly and quantitatively.The above indicator system and the method of quant itative description were applied to Taiyuan.Through calculating,we have got the economic developing level,social developing level,environmental quality situation and the overall developing level,of Taiyuan from1986to 1995.Also,we wo rked out the sustainability of the whole develop-ment,the respective coordinatabilities of the subsystems of economy an d society,society and environment,and environ-ment and economy,and the coordinata bility of the overall development of Taiyuan in the same period of time.The coordinat-ed sustainable development situati on was quantitatively described,an d the low development level was compr ehensively analyzed ,and suggestions were rais ed for its future coordinated sustainable development. KEY WORDS:Taiyuan

Optimizing Decentralization of Management andExploitation of Irrigation Works in Quan Lo-Phung HiepRegion, Mekong River Delta

In Vietnam as well as many countries which apply the irrigated agriculture over the world, the process of promoting thesocialization trend in irrigation for the basic irrigation organizations, of which the main factor is water users, is very important. Thispaper aimed to optimize the decentralization of management and exploitation of irrigation works for water users, organizations inQuan Lo-Phung Hiep irrigation system of Mekong River Delta. The research has implemented a survey on 384 water users alongfour canals of level 2 of Quan Lo-Phung Hiep irrigation system under two sets of index： （1） water users＇ perception assessment of theirrigation works （14 indicators） and （2） assessment of the management efficiency in the irrigation works （six indicators）. Theresearch proposes the decentralization process from building, After determining the correlation coefficients, the multi-objective linearregression equation will be shown on six single objective functions. With the aim at achieving the highest efficiency in themanagement and exploitation of the irrigation works, there should be a shift in terms of the water users＇ perception of the irrigationworks. These study results also demonstrate that about 65%-68% of the change in the indicators of the exploitation efficiency in theirrigation works is explained by some water users＇ perception indexes of irrigation works, including the quality of irrigation service andthe output efficiency in agricultural production. By using the algorithm for multi-objective optimization problem, the optimal results inperception are determined. The input data is generated for the matrix supporting the decision making, and the decentralization ofmanagement and exploitation of irrigation works meets the three criteria, i.e., effectiveness, sustainability and flexibility.

Regulation of Quan Du Zhong capsule on VEGF/bFGF and expression of Bcl‑2/Bax and Caspase‑3 protein in the repairing process of canine femoral head necrosis

Objective:To explore the repair and treatment effect of Quan Du Zhong capsule on necrosis of femoral head in dogs.Methods:Totally 12 beagles were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Quan Du Zhong capsule group and Xianlinggubao capsule group,with three in each group.In addition to the normal group,the other groups established the femoral head necrosis model by liquid nitrogen alternative freezing.The normal group and the model group did not have any intervention during the modeling period,and the Quan Du Zhong group began to receive the Quan Du Zhong by gavage on the day of modeling;Xianlinggubao capsule group was given Xianlinggubao capsule by gavage once a day for 12 consecutive weeks on the day of modeling.The levels of VEGF and bFGF in the blood vessels of each group at the 12th week were compared,and the ratios of BMD,BS/BV,BV/TV,Tb.Th,Tb.N were measured by Micro CT,and the expressions of Bcl-2,Bax,Caspase-3 proteins were detected by immune reaction.Results:1.Compared with the normal group,the level of serum VEGF and bFGF in the model group decreased after 12 weeks of modeling(P<0.05);Compared with the model group,the levels of serum VEGF and bFGF water in the Xianlinggubao capsule group and the Quan Du Zhong capsule group increased on average at the 12th week of modeling,with statistical difference(P<0.05).The level of the Quan Du Zhong capsule group was the highest,followed by the Xianlinggubao capsule group.2.Compared with the normal group,BMD,BS/BV,BV/TV,Tb.Th and Tb.N in the model group were lower,and Tb.SP were higher,the results were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the BMD,BV/TV,Tb.Th and Tb.N of Xianlinggubao capsule group and the total eucommia capsule group increased,while the BS/BV and Tb.SP decreased(P<0.05).3.The Quan Du Zhong capsule group and Xianlinggubao capsule group could significantly increase the expression of bcl-2 protein in the femoral head of dogs,which was significantly different from the model group(P<0.05).The expression of bax protein in the femoral head of dogs in the Quan Du Zhong capsule group and the Xianlinggubao capsule group was significantly reduced compared with the model group(P<0.05).The expression of caspase-3 protein in the femoral head of dogs was significantly reduced in the Quan Du Zhong capsule group and Xianlinggubao capsule group,which was significantly different from the model group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Quan Du Zhong capsule can increase the expression of VEGF and bFGF in serum,increase the expression of bcl-2,inhibit the expression of bax,and reduce the expression of caspase-3,which plays a synergistic role in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head,and has potential targets.

Taiji Quan and Health

Taiji Quan is a Chinese martial art that combines self-defense with physical and mental fitness.It is practiced today primarily for its health benefits,stress relief and relaxation,although interest in the martial applications of the art is growing.The slow,continuous movements are designed to impart powerful physical skills and to stimulate the flow of energy within the body,with the ultimate goal of improved mind-body connection and increased longevity.

Clinical study of prevention of urine retention after subabdominal surgery by electro-acupuncture acupoints Yin Ling Quan(SP 9),Zhao Hai(KI 6) with the assistance of subarachnoid acupoint anesthesia

OBJECTIVE:To explore the prevention of urine retention after subabdominal surgery by electro-acupuncture Yin Ling Quan(SP 9),Zhao Hai(KI 6) acupoints with the assistance of subarachnoid acupoint anesthesia by observing the postoperative voiding time and urine volume of postoperative patients undergoing Electroacupuncture plus subarachnoid block anesthesia.METHODS:60 cases of preoperative expected for subarachnoid block surgery patients were randomly divided into two groups,the treatment group and the control group,with 30 cases in each group.The control group underwent routine subarachnoid anesthesia after surgery without acupuncture treatment group;The treatment group was treated with acupuncture bilateral Yin Ling Quan and Zhaohai acupoints 15 minutes before anesthesia,and then received unilateral electric anesthesia instrument treatment,the intensity of the patient was tolerable(generally 1.5 ~ 2.0 m A),and the routine subarachnoid block anesthesia was performed;The first urination time,urine volume,lower abdominal pain and assistant catheterization were recorded in the two groups.RESULTS:The first postoperative voiding time of the treatment group was significantly earlier compared with that of the control group,there was significant difference(P<0.05);the amount of urine was significantly more than that of the control group in reservation time,there was significant difference(P<0.05);the abdominal pain was light in the treatment group,there was significant difference(P<0.05);the cases of assisted catheterization of the control group were significantly more thanthose of the treatment group,there was significant difference(P< 0.05).CONCLUSION:Electro-acupuncture Yin Ling Quan(SP 9),Zhao Hai(KI 6) acupoints with the assistance of subarachnoid acupoint anesthesia could significantly reduce the urine retention after subabdominal surgery in postoperative patients with ubarachnoid block anesthesiau,accelerate the recovery of bladder function and promote early postoperative urination in addition to relieving the abdominal symptoms after operation.

STUDY ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTY OF Nb-DOPED TiC CERAMIC WITH QUANTUM CHEMISTRY CALCULATIONS

Nb-doped TiC ceramic,or (NbyTi1-y) Cx,in which amount of Nb element added is increased from zero to 40Wt. %, synthisized -with self-propagating high temperature synthesis,is studied with SCF-Xa-DV,a quantum chemistry cal-culating method. The chemical bonding is studied to discuss the relation between structrues and properties. Several classes of models in which there is no vacancy,one vacancy or two vacan-cies have been calculated. From the calculated results of bond or-der, a measure of covalent bond strength,and molecule orbital contour map, it is concluded that when Nb element added in-creases, the vacancies increase correspondingly,the covalent com-ponent of chemical bonds of the samples decreases -while the met-al-bonding component increases, so the hardness and resistance of the samples decrease.

Lie symmetries and conserved quantities of discrete nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems

This paper focuses on studying Lie symmetries and conserved quantities of discrete nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems. Firstly, the discrete generalized Hamiltonian canonical equations and discrete energy equation of nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems are derived from discrete Hamiltonian action. Secondly, the determining equations and structure equation of Lie symmetry of the system are obtained. Thirdly, the Lie theorems and the conservation quantities are given for the discrete nonholonomic Hamiltonian systems. Finally, an example is discussed to illustrate the application of the results.

基于数据挖掘探析《景岳全书》痹证用药特色及组方规律

目的 使用数据挖掘技术探析《景岳全书》治疗痹证内服方药所体现的用药特色及组方规律,启迪现代临床组方用药思路。方法 通过对《景岳全书》中内服治痹方所涉及的药物进行整理归纳,使用Microsoft Excel(2019)对《景岳全书》治痹内服方所用药物进行频数统计,使用IBM SPSS 25.0、IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0中Apriori算法,进行聚类分析和关联规则分析,探求张介宾治痹用药特色及组方思想。结果 《景岳全书》共计94首治痹方剂,涉及药物140种,累计用药794次;用药频次最高的前15味药分别为甘草、当归、川芎、茯苓、防风、羌活、白术、肉桂、牛膝、人参、熟地黄、附子、陈皮、白芍、苍术;所使用的药物主要为温性药,药味以辛味为主,主要归脾(胃)经,补虚药使用总频次最高;对使用频次最高的前46味药物进行聚类分析,得出枳壳-桔梗,陈皮-半夏,槟榔-紫苏叶等18组药物组合;对用药频次最高的前46味药物进行关联规则分析,得出等甘草-人参-茯苓,甘草-人参-白术、当归-熟地黄-川芎等13组药物组合。结论 张氏治痹重视补益肝肾、培补真阴,辨证论治而强调祛除寒邪,擅长健脾益气、调理气机以祛除痰湿之邪,强调活血化瘀药物的使用。

两册清代北四阁《四库全书》书叶纸张的材料分析研究

本研究以北京大学图书馆藏文渊阁和文津阁2种《四库全书》抄本纸张为研究纸样,综合分析了纸张的组成成分。结果表明,2种纸样的定量相近,厚度和紧度有一定差异,且纤维组成均为檀皮和稻草,纸张类别均为宣纸;2种纸样正反面的微观形貌相同,均有少量矿物颗粒散布于纤维空隙,表面元素均为C、O、Si、S和Ca,其中C、O集中分布区基本与纤维整体形状一致,而Ca、S主要分布于被填充的纤维孔隙,为矿物颗粒的主要成分;2种纸样均为单层结构,有矿物颗粒无规分布于纸张内部,且矿物颗粒的主要成分为生石膏(CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O),另文渊阁抄本纸张中还含有少量方解石(CaCO_(3))。基于上述分析结果,初步推测文献中所记载的北四阁《四库全书》所用“金线榜纸”,一部分是含有生石膏成分的檀皮稻草混料单宣。

“全”与援手行为的道德辩护:对“朱子式”方案的修正

我们有什么理由认为对身处困境之人施以救助的行为是道德上“应当”的?对此,全林强博士认为道德心理学所提供的外在主义与内在主义方案均有缺陷,他调动朱子的思想资源提出了一个为援手行为进行道德辩护的“朱子式”方案。然而,这一“朱子式”方案依然不充分,因为在某些特定情况下,它对“援手”行为的道德辩护将会遭遇失败。“朱子式”方案须进一步基于朱子“全”的思想,补充一个对私意私欲的排除机制。这一理论结果表明:在当代哲学视域下,“全”所代表的朱子伦理学的思考方向,还有众多思想资源值得进一步发掘。

Fe-3%Si大尺寸合金单晶的制备及磁感系数的计算

以取向Fe-3%Si合金热轧板为原材料,采用二次再结晶法制备了尺寸大于200 mm的合金单晶。随机选取3个单晶样品剪切成7个与轧向成不同角度、尺寸为50 mm×50 mm的样品,分别对所选样品进行单晶定向,并对每个样品的横、纵向磁性能进行了测量。以单晶定向结果为依据,计算每个单晶在晶体学坐标架下的极角和辐角,提出了一种单晶磁感系数的计算方法,并基于该方法以单晶磁性能实测值及其在晶体学坐标架下的极角和辐角为输入条件,测算了Fe-3%Si合金单晶磁感应强度系数并验证了其可靠性。采用该方法对{110}晶面平行于板面的任意方向单晶的磁感应强度进行了计算,为开展多晶材料磁性能计算提供了理论依据。

中国古代山水画论中的身体话语建构——以《林泉高致》为文本的考察

在自古贯之的儒家修身立德和道家去欲保身的身体实践下,无论是郭熙提出的“身即山川”“饱游饫看”的山水画创作与身体力行之道,还是主张“不下堂筵,坐穷泉壑”“可游可居”的绘画观照体验,抑或从山水画欣赏角度对“林泉之心”等身心合一观念的推崇,都可以看到绘画艺术与人的身体或身心有着直接或间接的联系。基于当代“身体崛起”的话语场域,从身体理论视角对《林泉高致》中的身体言说进行系统的阐发论述,不仅可为激活与丰富中国古代画论资源提供新的方法论,还可管窥中国古代文化中的身体观相异于西方的独特意蕴。

源流、派别、正变:《杜诗镜铨》对“杜甫诗学”的建构

“杜甫诗学”是郭绍虞先生提出的一个概念,包括文学史和批评史两方面的含义。在古代杜甫诗集注本中,清代学者杨伦所著《杜诗镜铨》一书最能体现“杜甫诗学”思想。《杜诗镜铨》从文学史出发,通过对历代诗歌文本句法、章法、用典以及诗体风格的具体分析,细致地梳理出杜诗的“源流所出”和“派别所开”,全面彰显了杜诗“集大成”的文学史地位。从批评史出发,以传统诗论中的“正变”思想作为批评视角,以“变化而不失其正”的杜诗作为评判尺度,通过诠释“别裁伪体”和“清词丽句”,探索出以杜诗为核心的古代诗学史“正”与“变”的发展规律。研究“杜甫诗学”不仅可以进一步认清杜诗“集大成”的文学史意义,对于当前构建中国文学批评的话语体系也具有重要的启示。

数字人文视域中的元代江韵诗研究

在对《全元诗》进行全面统计分析之后,可以发现《全元诗》中共有207位诗人创作的456首江韵诗。通过对韵脚分布、出韵情况、韵脚组合、次韵分韵、诗风与用韵关系等方面的考察,会发现元代江韵诗的情况与唐宋两代相似,也存在核心韵脚、常见韵脚组合等现象。这同样使元代的江韵诗风以平易为主,同时也有篇幅长、用韵僻、构思奇的奇崛之作。明清两代的江韵诗中,应当也有核心韵脚与常见韵脚组合的情况。到了清代,逞才之风发展到极致,三江全韵诗大量涌现。

清代总集编纂中的骚体观念——以严可均《全上古三代秦汉三国六朝文》为中心

文学总集对于文体观念的研究具有不可替代的价值。清人严可均就通过《全上古三代秦汉三国六朝文》的编辑整理呈现他的骚体观念。借由对《全上古》凡例、按语、所录作品的分析梳理确认该书录唐前“骚”文59篇,由作品标题或序文体现的拟“骚”(《楚辞章句》所收作品)的立意,是《全上古》确立为“骚”的首要指标,而不论语言形式。题目体类特征不明显的作品“,兮”字句、句腰虚字句则成为《全上古》“骚体”判断的主要依据“。骚”从《诗》出“,骚”包含传统的“辞”体,也是广义的“赋”的一个亚类。严可均的观念受《艺文类聚》影响较大,但有所调整。《全上古》为代表的总集表达的骚体观念在清代较有代表性,刘熙载《赋概》等相关讨论与之呼应。

基于数据挖掘探讨全仁夫教授治疗强直性脊柱炎用药规律

目的 探讨全仁夫教授治疗强直性脊柱炎(AS)的用药规律。方法 筛选整理2020年8月至2022年1月在杭州市萧山区中医院全仁夫教授门诊治疗AS患者的临床处方,运用中医传承计算平台(V3.0)分析药物频次、性味、归经及功效,并采用关联规则、聚类分析对组方规律进行挖掘。结果 本研究共收录处方85首,涉及药物116种,其中高频中药26味,药性以温性为主,药味以甘、辛、苦味居多,药物主入肝、肾、脾经,药物功效主要为祛风湿类和补虚类。得出常用药物模式14个及关联性用药组合20个,分析获得聚类处方组合4个。结论 全仁夫教授治疗AS的用药规律为祛风湿与补肝肾并用,标本兼治;主张温督散寒、行气活血;同时重视补养脾胃。