A Quantitative and Network Approach to Alignment Effects in L2 Continuation Tasks

The present study employed a quantitative and network approach to detect alignment effects in second language(L2) continuation tasks designed on the xu-argument(Wang, 2016). The materials used in this study were 6 sub-corpora consisting of two selected input stories and two groups of L2 written production based on two continuation tasks. During continuation, the participants were required to continue in English a story with its ending removed, with one group reading and continuing the Chinese version and the other group the English version, and then switching their roles in the two tasks. Results show that the alignment effect differs across the two versions of continuation. Specifically, compared with the Chinese-version continuation, L2 learners produced more use of unigrams and bigrams similar to the input story in terms of lexical items, frequency and ranking correlations in the English-version task;on the other hand, the English-version continuation can facilitate generating linguistic networks that are much closer to the native English networks. Moreover, this research corroborates that written production in L2 continuation tasks can be influenced by input content.

Computer Management of Quantitative Analysis Chemistry Experiment

The application of computer in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment is a chemistry experiment teaching applications software, developed by Visual Basic （6.0）, based on the content of quantitative analysis chemistry experiment of chemistry major in higher institute. This software has the function of the automatic processing the experimental data, the automatic generation of test report copies, and the automatic evaluation of students＇ experimental results, which solve the reliability, objectivity and accuracy problems of the students＇ experiment data processing and evaluation, and avoid interference with human factors. The software has the characteristic of the easy installation, the easy operation, the strong practicability, pertinence, the systematicness and the running stability, so it provides a platform in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment for the students＇ assessment system of automatic processing, and it has a high popularization value. The project＇s technical route design is reasonable, the research method is correct, and the experimental data processing results are reliable, which has reached the leading domestic level in the quantitative analysis chemistry experiment teaching field of computer data processing. And this project has been through the achievements appraisal of Gansu Provincial Sci. ＆ Tech. Department.

Mining of the quantitative association rules with standard SQL queries and its evaluation

A new algorithm for mining quantitative association rules with standard SQL is presented. The association rules are evaluated with the sufficiency gene LS of subjectivity Bayes reasoning. This algorithm is proved to be quick and effective with its application in Lujiang insects and pests database.

An Entertaining Example of Using the Concepts of Context-Free Grammar and Pushdown Automation

A formal-linguistic approach for solving an entertaining task is offered in this paper. The well-known task of the Hanoi towers is discussed in relation to some concepts of formal languages and grammars. A context-free grammar which generates an algorithm for solving this task is described. A deterministic pushdown automation which in its work imitates the work of monks in solving the task of the Hanoi towers is built.

Interrelation of Languages of Colored Petri Nets and Some Traditional Languages

The article studies the interrelation of Languages of Colored Petri Nets and Traditional formal languages. The author constructed the graph of Colored Petri Net, which generates L* Context-free language. This language may not be modeled using standard Petri Nets [1]. The Venn graph and diagram that the author modified [1], show the interrelation between languages of Colored Petri Nets and some Traditional languages. Thus the class of languages of Colored Petri Nets is supposed to include an entire class of Context-free languages.

Determination of Consistency between Quantitative Evaluation and Non-quantitative Evaluation

The combination of quantitative evaluation(QE)and non-quantitative evaluation(NQE)is an important evaluation tool in the fields of academic level evaluation(e.g.,EasyChair,Academic paper review form)and internet commodity evaluation(e.g.,Amazon’s review,Feedback).But the inconsistency between QE and NQE greatly reduces the correctness and usability of the evaluation.Therefore,it is a necessary task to judge whether QE is consistent with NQE.In this paper,the predicate formula satisfiability problem is firstly reduced in polynomial time to the consistency problem of QE and NQE,and the uncertainty of the consistency problem is proved.Then the approximate solution to the problem is investigated by using a natural language processing method,which performs sentiment analysis on NQE and finally invokes a database query statement to determine whether QE is consistent with NQE.The results shed light on the feasibility of using the natural language processing method to solve undecidable problems.

Practical Type Checking of Functions Defined on Context-Free Languages

A type checking method for the functional language LFC is presented. A distinct feature of LFC is that it uses Context-Free (CF) languages as data types to represent compound data structures. This makes LFC a dynamically typed language. To improve efficiency, a practical type checking method is presented, which consists of both static and dynamic type checking. Although the inclusion relation of CF languages is not decidable, a special subset of the relation is decidable, i.e., the sentential form relation, which can be statically checked. Moreover, most of the expressions in actual LFC programs appear to satisfy this relation according to the statistic data of experiments. So, despite that the static type checking is not complete, it undertakes most of the type checking task. Consequently the run-time efficiency is effectively improved. Another feature of the type checking is that it converts the expressions with implicit structures to structured representation. Structure reconstruction technique is presented.

Pattern Matching Compilation of Functions Definedin Context-Free Languages

LFC is a functional language based on recursive functions defined in context-free languages. In this paper, a new pattern matching algorithm for LFC is presented, which can represent a sequence of patterns as an integer by an encoding method. It is a rather simple method and produces efficient case-expressions for pattern matching definitions of LFC. The algorithm can also be used for other functional languages, but for nested patterns it may become complicated and further studies are needed.

《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》与海外中文课程大纲的耦合与互动

《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》为全球中文教育提供了重要的顶层参考框架。探讨该标准融入海外各国中文课程大纲的路径,促进其教学落地具有重要意义。通过对自建“国际中文教育标准数据库”中34国150份中文课程大纲的研究发现,该等级标准同海外课纲在多种维度上存在耦合接口以及互动可能性。为实现《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》在海外中文课程大纲中的应用和对接,在教学目标上应将分级量化指标同所在国学段年级合理配置;教学内容上应以主题功能主导,语言要素关联;教学评价上应促进分析型评量指标同融合型指标互动互鉴;在语言认知上应保留中文特性,促进中外语言学知识体系互动。

基于D-S证据理论的初级口语课堂教学效果量化评估研究

在语言教学领域,任务型语言教学作为一种注重学生主动参与的教学法,在初级汉语口语教学中的应用效果评估尤为关键。本文旨在构建一个综合性的评估指标体系并提出一种改进的D-S证据理论模型,用以对TBLT在初级口语课堂中的应用效果进行量化分级评估。通过案例研究,验证了该模型的有效性,实现了对教学效果的全面量化和分级评估。该模型不仅细致地评估了课堂教学的实施情况,还揭示了教学实践中的优势与不足,为进一步改进教学实践提供了实证基础和实践指导。

外语教材使用实证研究方法评析与展望

本文首先对实证研究方法进行概述,包括实证研究方法的分类以及不同方法的特征及其适用范围,然后使用范围综述的方法,检索并筛选出近年来有关外语教材使用实证研究的SSCI和CSSCI来源期刊文章,对其进行评析。结果表明,国内外研究都以定性研究为主,国外位居第二的是混合研究,而国内是定量研究,近年来混合研究逐渐增加。本文进一步选取两个案例详细分析其采用的研究方法、数据收集与分析过程、研究结果以及对教学实践的指导意义,为后续研究提供借鉴。文章最后指出当前外语教材使用实证研究方法存在的不足,并提出了相应的改进措施,同时展望了未来研究趋势,以期引导后续研究的方向,并推动外语教材使用研究的深入发展。

国际中文教师课堂非言语行为规范:指标体系与量化分析

研究首次构建了《国际中文教师课堂非言语行为测量指标体系》,该指标体系把国际中文教师课堂非言语行为细分为体态语、副语言、服饰仪表语、工具语、空间语和时间语6大类,一级指标共27个,二级指标共为86个,这6类86个指标承载着29种功能,并配套独立的6个观测量表及使用说明。文章整合十多年的研究成果,分别总结列举了课堂体态语和副语言行为个案量化指标的研究范例,熟手教师和新手教师体态语行为群体量化指标的比较研究范例,以及三组不同国别留学生对教师服饰仪表语的研究范例,为全面分析国际中文教师课堂非言语行为提供了科学规范、便捷实用的研究工具和样本。

计量语言学视阈下“去俄化”文字改革对比研究

苏联解体后,在“去俄化”背景下原加盟共和国普遍推行了文字改革。为衡量文字改革的效果,本文采用计量语言学中相关指标,对阿塞拜疆、哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、土库曼斯坦、乌克兰境内使用的8种语言文字改革方案进行了计量评估。结果发现,基里尔文(旧文字)在各项指标表现上总体优于拉丁文(新文字),从文字本身来看各国改革效果并不理想。该成果可为研究“一带一路”国家语言政策、开展语言规划和文字改革实践提供良好借鉴。

医学术语语言特征的定量研究

医学术语指称医学领域的专业概念,是汉语词汇系统的组成部分,其语言特征包括组成部分、结构形式都符合汉语的形成和发展规律并表现出特有的性质。运用定量研究方法,以语料库医学术语为研究对象,对医学术语的用字、词类、音节数量、结构类型等进行详细考查,可以了解这类特殊用语的命名理据和构造规律,为医学术语的规范化提供本体依据。

利用标准SQL查询挖掘多值型关联规则及其评价

关联规则是数据挖掘中一种重要的模式 ,目前对布尔型关联规则的挖掘算法研究得比较多 .利用标准SQL功能强、易于开发、运行速度快、安全可靠性强等优点 ,来实现多值型关联规则的挖掘具有比较好的性能 .首先利用语言场理论对连续属性进行离散化 ,然后利用 SQL对 Apriori算法进行改进来实现关联规则的挖掘 .另外利用主观 Bayes方法中的 L S充分性因子对挖掘出来的假设规则进行评价 .该算法应用于庐江虫害数据库 ,结果显示它具有快速、有效、易开发。

植物数量性状分离分析Windows软件包SEA的研制

近十几年来,利用双亲分离群体数量性状表型观测值来鉴定数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模式的研究时有报道,其结果可指导作物育种实践。然而,随着计算机技术的进步,本课题组研制的软件操作性、算法和功能模块等方面都存在一定缺陷。在Microsoft Visual Studio 2010操作平台下,利用C++语言研制了Windows界面友好的植物数量性状分离分析(segregation analysis,SEA)软件包,其中采用了线性算法包Clapack V3.1.1解线性方程组并估计一阶遗传参数,更精确地计算适合性检验的概率,增加了结果输出模块和计算分离群体植株或家系的主基因型后验概率。新软件包计算更稳定,结果更全面,界面更友好。

计量语言学的现状、理论与方法

计量语言学以真实语言交际活动中呈现的各种语言现象、语言结构、结构属性以及它们之间的相互关系作为研究对象,通过概率论、随机过程、微分与微分方程、函数论等数学的定量方法对其进行精确的测量、观察、模拟、建模和解释,寻找语言现象背后的数理规律,揭示各种语言现象形成的内在原因,探索语言系统的自适应机制和语言演化的动因。对计量语言学现状、理论与方法进行分析,厘清该学科进一步发展的走向,旨在推动中国语言学的国际化与语言学研究的科学化水平。

SysML对C^4ISR系统建模的支持研究

为解决C4ISR建模中的语义表达精确性和完整性问题,提出了基于系统建模语言(SysML)的C4ISR分析与设计建模方法。通过分析SysML的机制,研究了SysML新增的需求图、参数图和扩展的块图、活动图等模型对C4ISR建模的支持作用,探讨了其对C4ISR建模的精确描述和定量分析优势。以某区域防空系统为例,研究了基于SysML的系统建模分析过程,结果表明该文方法对于C4ISR的精确语义建模合理可行。

国内英语词汇学习策略实证研究述评

对近年22篇词汇学习策略实证研究结果进行了综合研究,发现:1)多种多样的词汇学习观念;2)非专业大学生与英语专业大学生、硕士生、高职生、高中生、初中生相比,负面的重复策略较多,而有积极作用的元认知、运用和上下文两个认知策略较少;3)各个学习阶段都有一定的策略运用,而成功关键是灵活和适用。因此,策略培训要认识到由于词汇习得的多因素制约,策略既不万能也不通用。词汇只是语言的一部分,词汇只有与学习语言丰富内涵相结合,才能被真正掌握并获得词汇学习的乐趣。

美国一流智库在网络安全领域的研究成果分析--基于文本量化的视角

将文献计量视角的智库研究推进到内容单元,既顺应了大数据分析在社会科学范畴的发展趋势,也可为智库研究、政策研究等领域提供一种新的研究思路和方法。文章运用共词分析、社会网络分析等方法,借助自然语言处理技术和可视化技术手段,对2007-2016年期间美国一流智库在网络安全领域的文本型成果进行内容分析,绘制了研究区域分布图、研究主题分布网络和研究内容演化图。研究结果发现美国智库在网络安全领域的研究区域覆盖全球,研究议题有安全防务与反恐、国际战略、关键基础设施和网络空间发展治理、公共信息安全与法律等四类主要研究方向。