Influence of BPPV and Meniere's Disease on Cognitive Abilities: A Questionnaire-Based Study

The vestibular system connects the inner ear to the midbrain and subcortical structures and can affect cognition. Patients with vertigo often experience cognitive symptoms such as attention deficits, memory problems, and spatial perception difficulties. This study aimed to explore the cognitive impairments associated with Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV) and Meniere's Disease(MD). A non-experimental group comparison design was used with 107 participants divided into three groups: Group I(clinically normal), Group II(BPPV), and Group III(MD). Participants completed a questionnaire with 10 cognition-related questions, and their responses were scored. The data were found to be non-normally distributed. The analysis revealed a significant difference in scores between Group I and both Group II and Group III. Chi-square tests showed that the responses to cognition-related questions varied among the groups, with Group II exhibiting more cognitive problems. Associated conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and hearing loss did not significantly influence the responses within each group. This study suggests a significant relationship between cognitive problems and patients with BPPV and MD. However, there was no association found between the cognitive problems experienced in BPPV and MD patients. These findings align with previous research indicating that vestibular disorders can lead to deficits in spatial memory, attention, and other cognitive functions. By understanding the link between cognition and vestibular disorders, we can improve diagnosis and rehabilitation services to enhance the quality of life for these patients.

Transcultural Validation and Adaptation of the Academic Stress Questionnaire (CEA) in Students of Puerto Rico

Background: There are multiple questionnaires to measure academic stress in university students, which have been used in nursing students. In Puerto Rico, a questionnaire valid in content and reliability was required to measure the variable of academic stress in nursing students. Purpose: The aim of this study was to adapt transculturally and validate the Academic Stress Questionnaire (CEA) for its use in Puerto Rico. Materials and Methods: Used for the first phase of this study consisted in the evaluation of the validity of content and appearance, whereas the second phase was the actual administering of the questionnaire to 20 (twenty) nursing students, to pilot test its internal consistency using the Cronbach’s α test. Results: Validity of content and appearance allowed for the modification of the questionnaire into one, consisting of 42 items, thus eliminating 34 premises from the original 76 items the questionnaire was composed of. Furthermore, the appearance of the questionnaire was modified by placing the measuring scales in columns, adapting social, demographic, and academic data to the required Puerto Rican reality. The sections meant to measure the academic stress variables were left intact, except for the linguistics adaptation, which was accomplished by a team of experts in the Spanish language. With an α global of 0.80 and coefficients larger than 0.7 in the multi-item sub scales, which oscillated between 0.750 and 0.860, the questionnaire provides a high reliability. Conclusion: Although the values reported in this study are somewhat lower than previous research, they were comparable the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients reported by Cabanach, in which the numbers reported are considered high (α > 0.70) which show acceptable confiability of the subscales included in the study and a high degree of consistency and thus can be relied upon in future research. In synthesis, the Academic Stress Questionnaire (CEA) modified and adapted, thoroughly fulfills the established criteria of confiability and validity to evaluate academic stress of Puertorrican nursing students.

Psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the dry eye-related quality-of-life score questionnaire

AIM:To psychometrically validate the Chinese version of the dry eye-related quality-of-life score questionnaire(DEQSCHN)among Chinese patients with dry eye.METHODS:This study involved 231 participants,including 191 with dry eye disease(DED)comprising the dry eye disease group,and 40 healthy participants forming the control group.Participants were required to complete the DEQS-CHN,and Chinese dry eye questionnaire and undergo clinical tests including the fluorescein breakup time(FBUT),corneal fluorescein staining(CFS),and Schirmer I test.To assess the internal consistency and retest reliability,Cronbach’sαand the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)were employed.Content validity was assessed by item-level content validity index(ICV)and an average scale-level content validity index(S-CVI/Ave).Construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis.The concurrent validity was assessed by calculating correlations between DEQS-CHN and Chinese dry eye questionnaire.Discriminative validity was evaluated through nonparametric tests,with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve serving as conclusive indicators of the questionnaire’s distinguishing capability.RESULTS:The Cronbach’sαcoefficients for frequency and degree of ocular symptoms,impact on daily life,and summary score were 0.736,0.704,0.811,0.818,0.861,and 0.860,respectively,and the ICC were 0.611,0.677,0.715,0.769,0.711,and 0.779,respectively.All I-CVI scores ranged from 0.833 to 1.000,with an S-CVI/Ave of 0.956.Confirmatory factor analysis results exhibited a wellfitting model consistent with the original questionnaire[χ^(2)/df=2.653,incremental fit index(IFI)=0.924,comparative fit index(CFI)=0.924,Tucker-Lewis index(TLI)=0.909,and root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA)=0.065].There was a moderate positive correlation between the DEQS-CHN and the Chinese dry eye questionnaire(r^(2)=0.588).The dry eye group demonstrated significantly higher scores compared to the control group,and the area under the curve(AUC)value was 0.8092.CONCLUSION:The DEQS-CHN has been demonstrated as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the impact of dry eye disease on the quality of life among Chinese individuals with DED.

Development and validation of a novel questionnaire regarding vision screening among preschool teachers in Malaysia

AIM:To develop and evaluate the validity and reliability of a knowledge,attitude,and practice questionnaire related to vision screening(KAP-VST)among preschool teachers in Malaysia.METHODS:The questionnaire was developed through a literature review and discussions with experts.Content and face validation were conducted by a panel of experts(n=10)and preschool teachers(n=10),respectively.A pilot study was conducted for construct validation(n=161)and test-retest reliability(n=60)of the newly developed questionnaire.RESULTS:Based on the content and face validation,71 items were generated,and 68 items were selected after exploratory factor analysis.The content validity index for items(I-CVI)score ranged from 0.8-1.0,and the content validity index for scale(S-CVI)/Ave was 0.99.Internal consistency was KR^(2)0=0.93 for knowledge,Cronbach’s alpha=0.758 for attitude,and Cronbach’s alpha=0.856 for practice.CONCLUSION:The KAP-VST is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing knowledge,attitude,and practice in relation to vision screening among preschool teachers in Malaysia.

Diagnostic values of questionnaires of Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey and College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life in the screening of convergence insufficiency

AIM:To compare and analyse the diagnostic efficacy of the College of Optometrists Vision Development Quality of Life Questionnaire(COVD-QOL)and the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey(CISS)in detecting convergence insufficiency and to compare their diagnostic value in clinical applications.METHODS:Using the diagnostic test method,62 adult patients with convergence insufficiency(age:24.74±3.75y)and 62 normal participants(age:23.61±3.13y)who visited the Optometry Clinic of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2021 to January 2023 were included.All subjects completed the CISS and COVD-QOL.Statistical analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the CISS and COVD-QOL and comparison and joint experimental analysis of their diagnostic efficacy were performed.RESULTS:The sensitivity of the CISS and COVD-QOL for convergence insufficiency was 64.5%and 71.0%,respectively,while the specificity was 96.8%and 67.7%,respectively.Compared to the CISS alone,the combination of the CISS and COVD-QOL demonstrated lower sensitivity and specificity.The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CISS,COVD-QOL and CISS combined with COVD-QOL were 0.806,0.694 and 0.782,respectively.CONCLUSION:Considering the low sensitivity of the CISS and the low specificity of the COVD-QOL,it is recommended to supplement these questionnaires with other screening tests for the detection of convergence insufficiency.

Research and Construction of Personalized Sleep Model Based on Questionnaire Data

The purpose of this study is to investigate the sleep habits, cervical health status, and the demand and preference for pillow products of different populations through data analysis. A total of 780 valid responses were gathered via an online questionnaire to explore the sleep habits, cervical health conditions, and pillow product preferences of modern individuals. The study found that sleeping late and staying up late are common, and the use of electronic devices and caffeine consumption have a negative impact on sleep. Most respondents have cervical discomfort and have varying satisfaction with pillows, which shows their demand for personalized pillows. The machine learning model for predicting the demand of latex pillow was constructed and optimized to provide personalized pillow recommendation, aiming to improve sleep quality and provide market data for sleep product developers.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Kidney Transplant Questionnaire 25 to Greek

BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation leads to continuous improvement in the survival rates of kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)and has been established as the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage kidney disease.Health-related quality of life(HRQoL)has become an important outcome measure.It is highly important to develop reliable methods to evaluate HRQoL with disease-specific questionnaires.AIM To translate the disease-specific instrument Kidney Transplant Questionnaire 25(KTQ-25)to the Greek language and perform a cross-cultural adaptation.METHODS The translation and adaptation of the original English version of the KTQ-25 to the Greek language were performed based on the International Quality of Life RESULTS Eighty-four KTRs(59 males;mean age 53.5±10.7 years;mean estimated glomerular filtration rate 47.7±15.1 mL/min/1.73 m2;mean transplant vintage 100.5±83.2 months)completed the Greek version of the KTQ-25 and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey,and the results were used to evaluate the reliability of the Greek KTQ-25.The Cronbach alpha coefficients for all the KTQ-25 dimensions were satisfactory(physical symptoms=0.639,fatigue=0.856,uncertainty/fear=0.661,appearance=0.593,emotions=0.718,total score=0.708).The statistically significant correlation coefficients among the KTQ-25 dimensions ranged from 0.226 to 0.644.The correlation coeffi-cients of the KTQ-25 dimensions with the SF-36 physical component summary(PCS)ranged from 0.196 to 0.550;the correlation coefficients of the KTQ-25 with the SF-36 mental component summary(MCS)ranged from 0.260 to 0.655;and the correlation coefficients of the KTQ-25 with the total scores with the SF-36 PCS and MCS were 0.455 and 0.613,respectively.CONCLUSION According to the findings,the Greek version of the KTQ-25 is valid and reliable for administration among kidney transplant patients in Greece.

新农科背景下遥感地学分析课程混合式教学效果探究

新农科是以现代农业需求为导向,融合信息技术、生物技术、环境科学等领域,对传统农业科学进行创新改造的学科体系。而遥感技术通过精准数据分析提高农业生产效率和资源利用率,正是新农科的重要组成部分。在此背景下,该研究通过调查问卷探讨遥感地学分析课程的混合式教学效果,评估学生在知识掌握、实践能力提升和学习满意度方面的表现。结果表明,混合式教学模式不仅提高学生对遥感技术的理解与应用能力,还增强其自主学习能力,且学生对该模式表现出较高的满意度。该研究为新农科背景下课程教学改革提供有益参考。

儿童双生子心理健康状况的SDQ研究

目的了解遗传因素对儿童双生子心理健康状况的影响并筛查亚临床精神症状和心理障碍的比例。方法以教委-学校途径为主募集6～16岁的共同生活的儿童双生子。签写知情同意书后利用长处和困难问卷(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,SDQ)对重庆市64对6～16岁的双生子其及父母、教师开展双生子心理健康状况的调查。采取双生子的颊粘膜标本以提取DNA并进行卵型鉴定。结果SDQ的情绪症状、注意缺陷和多动、同伴问题和症状产生的影响,计算机诊断4种结果中任何精神疾病障碍、情绪障碍、对立违抗/品行障碍、注意缺陷-多动/多动障碍,同卵双生(MZ)组双生子对内相关系数有统计学意义或相关系数大于异卵双生(DZ)组。SDQ计算机诊断筛查出双生子中存在任何精神疾病障碍的个体占37.6%,存在情绪障碍的个体占5.5%,存在对立违抗/品行障碍的个体占29.7%,存在注意缺陷-多动/多动障碍的个体占14.8%。结论在影响儿童双生子的心理卫生状况的因素中,遗传起重要作用,较大比例的儿童存在亚临床的精神症状和心理障碍,儿童的心理发育和心理健康状况应引起更多关注。

基于GA-AANN神经网络的SDQ算法的航空发动机传感器数据预处理

为实现对输入健康管理系统的航空发动机传感器数据进行数据鉴定、故障诊断以及去除噪声信号干扰,提出了一种航空发动机传感器数据预处理方法。针对双通道传感器航空涡扇发动机,搭建了以合理性检验模块和解析冗余检验模块为主要内容的SDQ算法模型,利用遗传算法优化的AANN神经网络实现传感器的解析冗余检验。采用蒙特卡罗仿真方法,将改进的SDQ算法与一种基于最小二乘法的SDQ算法进行对比仿真验证。结果表明,本文提出的SDQ算法在发动机稳态条件下对阶跃故障和漂移故障隔离的平均正确率分别提高了1.7%和19.1%,在发动机动态条件下对阶跃故障和漂移故障隔离的平均正确率分别提高了12.5%和33.8%。且在多传感器故障诊断和除噪方面性能优异,处理后的传感器信号平均信噪比提高了8.27dB。

从传统走向现代:改革开放以来调查研究方法的回溯与展望

改革开放以来,调查研究受到高度重视,从学科重建到引进西方调查统计技术,各类调查方法在实践中快速发展。中国调查研究方法在从传统走向现代的进程中取得了宝贵经验,但也存在学习西方统计方法不完整、调查统计脱离群众和远离现实、片面追求所谓“价值中立”、缺乏明确的方法论指导等一系列问题。新时代构建现代调查研究方法体系,就必须把党的调查研究优良传统、西方调查统计方法和现代信息技术结合起来。要坚持实地调查的优良传统,置身于“田野”,深入群众、深入基层进行实地调查,通过与被调查者面对面的直接接触来认识中国社会。要推动实地调查与统计调查相结合,在立足中国国情的基础上,实现优势互补,综合运用;要科学应用网络调查和大数据,充分整合网络调查和大数据,创新数据搜集和分析方式,构建与时俱进的现代调查研究方法体系,并在国际调查研究方法变化的新形势下形成中国的学术范式和话语体系。

高校硕士研究生就业多重困境探析——以S高校为例

社会工作硕士毕业生严峻的就业形势与社会工作从业人员的巨大缺口这一矛盾,深刻地影响着社会的稳定。为了解决这一矛盾,本文由小看大,基于S大学社工硕士毕业生,利用问卷调查的方式,探究择业就业取向。再利用访谈法,分析得出取向形成的原因,进而提出相应对策,使其选择社会相关工作。建设社工人才队伍,弥补人才缺口,增加就业,解决就业矛盾,是促进社会稳定的一个重要的问题。

中文简版Spatial Hearing Questionnaire的信效度分析

目的空间听觉指在复杂声环境下,患者能够理解言语和识别不同方位声音的能力,可以采用Spatial Hearing Questionnaire评估。本研究在正常听力受试者及耳聋受试者中进行中文简版Spatial Hearing Questionnaire信效度分析。方法首先对Spatial Hearing Questionnaire进行汉化形成C-SHQ12。纳入50例正常听力受试者及57例耳聋受试者进行研究,采用内部一致性检验评价量表的信度,采用探索性因子分析评价量表的结构效度。采用t检验分析正常听力受试者与耳聋受试者C-SHQ12得分的差别,采用pearson相关分析SHQ量表得分与实验室声源定位测试的相关性。采用配对t检验对人工耳蜗植入术前和术后的C-SHQ12得分进行比较。结果 Cronbach’sα系数为0.98,说明量表具有良好的内部一致性信度。采用探索性因子分析提取了2个公因子,分别是声源定位和噪声环境下言语能力,累计贡献率为94.8%。正常听力受试者C-SHQ12得分为87.74±7.99,耳聋受试者得分为52.80±21.76,P=2.2×10-16<0.01,两者差异有显著统计学意义。C-SHQ12量表得分与实验室声源定位得分有很好的相关性,P=2.858×10-6<0.01。人工耳蜗植入术前和术后的C-SHQ12得分有显著差异。结论 C-SHQ12量表信效度很高,可用于耳聋人群的空间听觉能力评估。

住院医师规范化培训急诊专业技能培训中教师和学员的认知差异

背景住院医师规范化培训是培养高素质临床医师队伍的关键,急诊医学科是救治急危重症患者的前沿阵地,更是培养优秀临床住院医师的重要训练营。医学技能培训是住院医师规范化培训的重要内容,急诊核心技能培训涵盖的项目较多,教师和学员对具体培训项目的认知存在差异,会影响技能培训的效率和质量。目的调查分析河北省住院医师规范化培训急诊专业技能培训中教师和学员对培训项目的认知差异。方法2021年10月,选取来自河北省15家急诊住院医师规范化培训基地,准备参加河北省住院医师规范化培训技能大赛的教师和学员共103名作为调查对象,其中教师37名、学员66名。依据《临床技能操作细化流程及评分标准》,对13个急诊核心技能培训项目,按细化流程操作步骤制定电子调查问卷,进行“难易度”和“操作时遗漏情况”评分调查。结果教师和学员在“难易度”方面,对7个项目(53.85%):心电图采集术、动脉穿刺术、腹腔穿刺术、单人心肺复苏术、中心静脉穿刺术、气管插管术、三腔两囊管置入术,25个步骤(16.45%)的认知存在差异,教师的“难易度”认知评分低于学员(P<0.05)。教师和学员在“操作时遗漏情况”方面,对9个项目(69.23%):心电图采集术、腹腔穿刺术、单人心肺复苏术、中心静脉穿刺术、气管插管术、三腔两囊管置入术、腰椎穿刺术、无创通气术、胸腔穿刺术,和24个步骤(15.79%)认知存在差异,教师的“操作时遗漏情况”认知评分低于学员(P<0.05);其余3个培训项目(环甲膜穿刺术、同步电复律术、骨髓穿刺术)教师和学员在操作各步骤“难易度”“操作时遗漏情况”方面的认知比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论教师和学员对急诊核心技能培训“难易度”和“操作时遗漏情况”方面确实存在差异,一方面可促进临床技能培训课程设置的改进,提高培训效率,为培养高层次、高水平、应用型的医学人才提供方法学基础;另一方面,提示在今后住院医师规范化培训的类似相关研究中,在涉及教师和学员两个群体时,要考虑到二者之间可能存在差异,以期更客观地反映和探究住院医师规范化培训相关问题。

Questionnaire Design and Analysis for the Influences of Prototype Landscape on One's Landscape Perception

Prototype landscape refers to the impressive scenes that one has experienced in his/her living environment before 20 years old.Based on the analysis of the existing literature,the authors compiled a standard scale type questionnaire by means of a field survey,which was about the influences of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception.Taking Likert scale as the main part,this questionnaire analyzed the influence of prototype landscape on landscape perception from perception,attitude,and behavior dimensions.In order to further improve its rationality,the authors tested some other aspects of this questionnaire,including logic validity,construct validity,congeniality reliability,split-half reliability,etc..The results validated that the questionnaire possessed good theoretical structure and validity target,which can evaluate various aspects of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception in an effective and reliable way.Therefore,the questionnaire put forward by this study not only enriched the studies of prototype landscape on landscape designing,but also provided an effective tool for quantitative analysis of "the influences of prototype landscape on one's landscape perception".

SDQ-73型深孔取样装置在松软高突煤层中的适用性研究

煤层瓦斯含量井下直接测定结果的准确性很大程度上取决于所取煤样的质量。针对松软高突煤层中取样问题的现状,展开了SDQ-73型深孔取样装置在松软高突煤层的适用性研究。通过在首山一矿二1煤层12050、12061工作面的井下试验,分别完成了SDQ-73取样适用性试验及孔口接粉取样试验,并对两种取样方法的测试结果进行对比分析,得出该深孔快速取样装置可实现在松软高突煤层中的深孔、定点、快速取样,且取样质量明显高于传统的孔口接粉取样,完全符合GB/T23250《煤层瓦斯含量井下直接测定方法》的取样要求。

高频rTMS联合吞咽-摄食训练对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者EAT-10评分、吞咽安全性的影响

目的探讨高频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合吞咽-摄食训练对脑卒中吞咽障碍(PSD)患者进食评估问卷调查工具(EAT-10)评分、吞咽安全性的影响。方法按随机数字表法将2021年2月至2024年2月南京医科大学附属南京医院康复医学科收治的120例PSD患者分为单一组(n=60)和联合组(n=60),单一组实施吞咽-摄食训练干预,联合组实施高频rTMS联合吞咽-摄食训练干预。比较两组临床疗效、吞咽功能[吞咽功能评价量表(SSA)评分、EAT-10评分]、吞咽安全性[改良曼恩吞咽能力评估量表(MMASA)、渗透误吸量表(PAS)]及吞咽造影评估结果[吞咽造影检查(VFSS)]。结果联合组治疗总有效率高于单一组(91.67%vs 78.33%)(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组SSA评分、EAT-10评分均降低,且联合组低于单一组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组MMASA评分均升高,且联合组高于单一组,两组PAS评分均降低,且联合组低于单一组(均P<0.05)。治疗后,两组口腔运送、吞咽反应、咽运送及喉关闭时间均降低,且联合组口腔运送、吞咽反应、咽运送时间低于单一组(P<0.05),但两组喉关闭时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高频rTMS联合吞咽-摄食训练治疗PSD患者具有较好的疗效,可以显著改善患者吞咽功能,缩短吞咽时间,并提高吞咽安全性。

On Developing the Questionnaire for Evaluating PBL's Multiple Learning Achievements

How to comprehensively,scientifically,objectively and impartially evaluate the multiple learning achievements of the PBL model should be highlighted when PBL is introduced and applied.A questionnaire of a total of 23 items involving such dimensions of language proficiency,subject contents and 21 st Century skills was designed.Its reliability and validity were tested and well-met with the statistical requirements.

Studying and Estimating Visual Pollution in Irbid City (Centre of Irbid City-Case Study)

Despite the global attention towards pollution,it remains a significant global threat and challenge for both developed and developing countries.Urbanization and economic development influence different types of pollution.Visual pollution is considered a new phenomenon referring to the impact of existing and growing mainstream pollution which impairs an individual’s ability to enjoy visits or views.Recently,Jordanian cities have expanded in response to urbanization and ongoing development.Irbid City has the second largest population in Jordan after the capital Amman City highest population density in Jordan.In the modern era,Irbid City dramatically increased in population and dimension.The growth of the demographic population has been significant and has led to overpopulation,rapid urbanization,and unresolved problems associated with spatial planning and infrastructures leading to different types of pollution including visual pollution.The study area focuses on the city center with the most crowded population through field visits and actual observations.The study technique is descriptive and analytical,with a focus on meticulous monitoring and a follow-up-based questionnaire which is a tool for the study,involving data collection,classification,presentation,analysis,interpretation,and exploration to identify new facts and generalizations that can help solve current issues of visual pollution.The study provides recommendations for Irbid Municipal to eliminate visual pollution,in parallel with stricter supervision from the municipality during the building process to ensure proper implementation of the new rules,adopting an integrated policy for the city with the rest of the social,political,sensory,cultural,economic,and functional aspects,so that this policy is in the short and long term.

我国肿瘤专业分级诊疗实行情况调查与分析

目的:对国内肿瘤专业分级诊疗情况进行调研,为进一步促进肿瘤诊疗资源的合理布局提供依据。方法:以分级诊疗核心内容为基础制定调研问卷,依靠国家肿瘤规范化诊疗工作网络进行调研回收问卷,对调研结果进行统计分析。结果:本次调研回收769份问卷,问卷总共来自346所医院。结果显示284所医院会进行双向转诊,24所仅进行向上转诊,23所医院仅进行向下转诊,15所医院无转诊。从地区来看,东部未进行转诊医院占比为8.1%,中部为0.8%,西部为1.6%(P<0.01)。从医院类型来看,肿瘤专科医院中通过系统转诊医院占比为85.4%,非肿瘤专科医院为52.8%(P<0.01)。从医院等级来看,三级医院中通过系统转诊医院占比为58.5%,二级医院为30.0%(P<0.05)。结论:肿瘤专业整体分级诊疗实行情况较好,但还存在地区之间差异、信息化转诊水平偏低等问题,有待进一步完善。