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Fund budget model for multipurpose transit smart card systems
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作者 张宁 钱振东 +1 位作者 陈恺 杨利强 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2008年第1期95-98,共4页
The fund budget of multipurpose transit smart card systems is studied by stochastic programming to assign limited funds to different applications reasonably. Under the constraints of a gross fund, models of chance-con... The fund budget of multipurpose transit smart card systems is studied by stochastic programming to assign limited funds to different applications reasonably. Under the constraints of a gross fund, models of chance-constrained and dependentchance for the fund budget of multipurpose transit smart card systems are established with application scale and social demand as random variables, respectively aiming to maximize earnings and satisfy the service requirements the furthest; and the genetic algorithm based on stochastic simulation is adopted for model solution. The calculation results show that the fund budget differs greatly with different system objectives which can cause the systems to have distinct expansibilities, and the application scales of some applications may not satisfy user demands with limited funds. The analysis results indicate that the forecast of application scales and application future demands should be done first, and then the system objective is determined according to the system mission, which can help reduce the risks of fund budgets. 展开更多
关键词 multipurpose transit smart card systems fund budgeting stochastic programming genetic algorithm
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Research funding and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in Physics, Chemistry and Medicine, 2019-2020 被引量:1
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作者 Mario Coccia Saeed Roshani 《Journal of Data and Information Science》 CSCD 2024年第2期56-80,共25页
Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-202... Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a whole.Design/methodology/approach:This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related papers.The study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics,medicine,and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine,funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles;vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in papers.Instead,when overall data of publications and citations in physics,chemistry and medicine are analyzed,all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ones.Originality/value:Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties:a)articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than(un)funded studies published in papers of physics,chemistry and medicine sciences,generating a high Matthew effect(a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers);b)research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research(e.g.,chemistry and medicine)more than fields oriented towards basic research(e.g.,physics).Practical implications:The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion,highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific knowledge.This finding can support decision-making of policymakers and R&D managers to improve the effectiveness in allocating financial resources in science policies to generate a higher positive scientific and societal impact. 展开更多
关键词 research funding CITATIONS Science diffusion Scientific change Science of Science Power-law distribution Basic research Applied research Matthew effect Nobel Laureates Nobel Prizes
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General laws of funding for scientific citations:how citations change in funded and unfunded research between basic and applied sciences 被引量:1
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作者 Mario Coccia Saeed Roshani 《Journal of Data and Information Science》 CSCD 2024年第4期71-89,共19页
Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relati... Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society. 展开更多
关键词 research funding CITATIONS Scientific development Science diffusion Scientific laws Power law model Matthew effect Science policy research policy Science of science dynamics of science Evolution of science
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Unequal Distribution of Innovation Efforts for Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Role of Funding Evaluation Criteria
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作者 Anne M. G. Neevel Kenneth D. S. Fernald Linda H. M. van de Burgwal 《Health》 2024年第5期490-520,共31页
Background: International research and innovation efforts for neglected tropical diseases have increased in recent decades due to disparities in overall health research funding in relation to global burden of disease.... Background: International research and innovation efforts for neglected tropical diseases have increased in recent decades due to disparities in overall health research funding in relation to global burden of disease. However, within the field of neglected tropical diseases some seem far more neglected than others. In this research the aim is to investigate the distribution of resources and efforts, as well as the mechanisms that underpin funding allocation for neglected tropical diseases. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted to establish a comprehensive overview of known indicators for innovation efforts related to a wide range of neglected tropical diseases. Articles were selected based on a subjective evaluation of their relevance, the presence of original data, and the breadth of their scope. This was followed by thirteen in-depth open-ended interviews with representatives of private, public and philanthropic funding organizations, concerning evaluation criteria for funding research proposals. Results: The findings reveal a large difference in the extent to which the individual diseases are neglected with notable differences between absolute and relative efforts. Criteria used in the evaluation of research proposals relate to potential impact, the probability of success and strategic fit. Private organizations prioritize strategic fit and economic impact;philanthropic organizations prioritize short-term societal impact;and public generally prioritize the probability of success by accounting for follow-up funding and involvement of industry. Funding decisions of different types of organizations are highly interrelated. Conclusions: This study shows that the evaluation of funding proposals introduces and retains unequal funding distribution, reinforcing the relative neglect of diseases. Societal impact is the primary rationale for funding but application of it as a funding criterion is associated with significant challenges. Furthermore, current application of evaluation criteria leads to a primary focus on short-term impact. Through current practice, the relatively most neglected diseases will remain so, and a long-term strategy is needed to resolve this. 展开更多
关键词 Neglected Tropical diseases funding decision Evaluation Criteria Health research funding research Impact
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Analysis of standardization of community security fund management-Taking practice of community security fund management in Wuhou district of Chengdu as an example
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作者 Li Xiaowen Wen Jiahua +1 位作者 Wen Mengchuan Ren Yan 《China Standardization》 2024年第5期56-58,共3页
The Chengdu community security funds refer to the special security funds for urban and rural community development and governance in Chengdu.At present,there are some problems in the use of community security funds,su... The Chengdu community security funds refer to the special security funds for urban and rural community development and governance in Chengdu.At present,there are some problems in the use of community security funds,such as low participation of residents,and low efficiency of fund use.Taking the exploration of standardization of community security fund management in Wuhou district,Chengdu city,as an example,this paper suggests further strengthening the use and management of community security funds by means of standardization,ensuring the democratic,open,and transparent use of funds,and effectively enhancing the supporting role of community security funds in community governance. 展开更多
关键词 community security funds management STANdArdIZATION
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Patients Involved in Funding Research.A Look Back at the Unique Experience of the ECLAIR Working Group of Canceropole CLARA
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作者 Julien Biaudet Lisa Laroussi-Libeault +2 位作者 Mauricette Michallet Laurie Panse Raymond Merle 《Psycho-Oncologie》 SCIE 2024年第1期17-22,共6页
This article aims to share an innovative experience of organizing and funding research involving those most directly affected:patients.The“ECLAIR”working group of the Canceropole Lyon Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes(CLARA)was ... This article aims to share an innovative experience of organizing and funding research involving those most directly affected:patients.The“ECLAIR”working group of the Canceropole Lyon Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes(CLARA)was created at the end of 2020 with the goal of contributing to the development of a call for projects on the patient experience in oncology,which was launched in January 2021.Initially composed of 8 members,including 7 patients,coordinated by a project manager from CLARA,the ECLAIR working group actively participated in drafting the specifications of the call for projects,developing the eligibility criteria for applications,revising the evaluation and selection criteria for projects,and monitoring the selected projects.This experience was repeated twice.With significant freedom of action,the working group made two decisions that strongly demonstrate the commitment to supporting research partnerships and the active involvement of those affected:firstly,by making partnership a mandatory requirement for the eligibility of applications,and secondly,by conducting the selection of projects themselves,after an independent scientific evaluation phase.Seeking to shed light on the“black box”of partnership,the article also presents the concrete modalities of interaction among the working group members,the adjustments made between different editions of the call for projects,and the relationships maintained with CLARA. 展开更多
关键词 Cancer research public and patient involvement research funding participatory research healthcare democracy
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The relation between funding by the National Institutes of Health and the burden of disease
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作者 Gross CP 《四川生理科学杂志》 2024年第1期83-83,共1页
Background:The Institute of Medicine has proposed that the amount of disease-specific research funding provided by the National Institutes of Health(NIH)be systematically and consistently compared with the burden of d... Background:The Institute of Medicine has proposed that the amount of disease-specific research funding provided by the National Institutes of Health(NIH)be systematically and consistently compared with the burden of disease for society.Methods:We performed a cross-sectional study comparing estimates of disease-specific funding in 1996 with data on six measures of the burden of disease. 展开更多
关键词 fundING BUrdEN rELATION
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The relation between funding by the National Institutes of Health and the burden of disease
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作者 C P Gross 《四川生理科学杂志》 2024年第4期845-845,共1页
Background:The Institute of Medicine has proposed that the amount of disease-specific research funding provided by the National Institutes of Health(NIH)be systematically and consistently compared with the burden of d... Background:The Institute of Medicine has proposed that the amount of disease-specific research funding provided by the National Institutes of Health(NIH)be systematically and consistently compared with the burden of disease for society.Methods:We performed a cross-sectional study comparing estimates of disease-specific funding in 1996 with data on six measures of the burden of disease.The measures were total mortality,years of life lost,and number of hospital days in 1994 and incidence,prevalence,and disability-adjusted life-years(one disability-adjusted life-year is defined as the loss of one year of healthy life to disease)in 1990.With the use of these measures as explanatory variables in a regression analysis,predicted funding was calculated and compared with actual funding. 展开更多
关键词 fundING measures BUrdEN
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Strategies for Cultivating Public Funded Targeted Normal Students Based on Goal Management Theory : A Case Study of East, West and North Guangdong
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作者 Yiqiong HUANG 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 2024年第3期36-41,共6页
Public funded targeted normal students are an important component of China's teacher team construction.Since its implementation in 2007,a large number of outstanding rural teachers who have been striving on the fr... Public funded targeted normal students are an important component of China's teacher team construction.Since its implementation in 2007,a large number of outstanding rural teachers who have been striving on the front line of education have been trained.Based on the theory of goal management,this paper explores the problems and countermeasures in the training of public funded targeted normal students.It strives to solve the problems of low willingness to teach and high default rates among public funded normal students,and hopes that the suggestions proposed in this paper can further promote the effective implementation of policies for public funded normal students. 展开更多
关键词 Goal management Public funded targeted normal students Selection of normal students Training of normal students
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The Scale and Structure of Funding Expenditures for China’s Firstclass Universities
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作者 Zhixin Zhou 《Journal of Finance Research》 2024年第1期31-37,共7页
Adequate funding is identified as a crucial factor in ensuring the success of these universities,impacting talent cultivation,scientific research,and social services.Since the 1990s,China has launched several key proj... Adequate funding is identified as a crucial factor in ensuring the success of these universities,impacting talent cultivation,scientific research,and social services.Since the 1990s,China has launched several key projects to enhance the development of its first universities and aimed at elevating these institutions to world-class status.Using data from 34 first-class universities in China from 2014 to 2022,this study analyzes the characteristics and differences in expenditure.It employs an independent sample t-test model to compare the C9 League universities with other first-class universities.The findings reveal significant gaps in total expenditure and varying priorities in expenditure categories,with education being the dominant expenditure item.The study concludes with suggestions for optimizing the efficiency of fund utilization to support the development of world-class universities in China. 展开更多
关键词 University funding Higher education First-class universities China
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The Flemish Performance-based Research Funding System: A Unique Variant of the Norwegian Model 被引量:6
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作者 Tim C.E.Engels Raf Guns 《Journal of Data and Information Science》 CSCD 2018年第4期45-60,共16页
The BOF-key is the performance-based research funding system that is used in Flanders, Belgium. In this paper we describe the historical background of the system, its current design and organization, as well as its ef... The BOF-key is the performance-based research funding system that is used in Flanders, Belgium. In this paper we describe the historical background of the system, its current design and organization, as well as its effects on the Flemish higher education landscape. The BOFkey in its current form relies on three bibliometric parameters: publications in Web of Science, citations in Web of Science, and publications in a comprehensive regional database for SSH publications. Taken together, the BOF-key forms a unique variant of the Norwegian model: while the system to a large extent relies on a commercial database, it avoids the problem of inadequate coverage of the SSH. Because the bibliometric parameters of the BOF-key are reused in other funding allocation schemes, their overall importance to the Flemish universities is substantial. 展开更多
关键词 Performance-based research funding systems Flanders(Belgium) Norwegian model Web of Science VABB-SHW
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Redesigning the Model of Book Evaluation in the Polish Performance-based Research Funding System 被引量:2
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作者 Emanuel Kulczycki Przemyslaw Korytkowski 《Journal of Data and Information Science》 CSCD 2018年第4期61-73,共13页
Purpose: This study aims to present the key systemic changes in the Polish book evaluation model to focus on the publisher list, as inspired by the Norwegian Model. Design/methodology/approach: In this study we recons... Purpose: This study aims to present the key systemic changes in the Polish book evaluation model to focus on the publisher list, as inspired by the Norwegian Model. Design/methodology/approach: In this study we reconstruct the framework of the 2010 and 2018 models of book evaluation in Poland within the performance-based research funding system. Findings: For almost 20 years the book evaluation system in Poland has been based on the verification of various technical criteria(e.g. length of the book). The new 2018 model is based on the principle of prestige inheritance(a book is worth as much as its publisher is) and is inspired by the publisher list used in the Norwegian Model. In this paper, we argue that this solution may be a more balanced policy instrument than the previous 2010 model in which neither the quality of the publisher nor the quality of the book played any role in the evaluation.Research limitations: We work from the framework of the 2018 model of book evaluation specified in the law on higher education and science from 20 July 2018, as implementation acts are not available yet. Practical implications: This study may provide a valuable point of reference on how structural reforms in the research evaluation model were implemented on a country level. The results of this study may be interesting to policy makers, stakeholders and researchers focused on science policy. Originality/value: This is the very first study that presents the new framework of the Polish research evaluation model and policy instruments for scholarly book evaluation. We describe what motivated policy makers to change the book evaluation model, and what arguments were explicitly raised to argue for the new solution. 展开更多
关键词 Book evaluation Norwegian Model Performance-based research funding system Poland Publisher list
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Multiple Hierarchy Decision Analysis of Science Funds Management System
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作者 Wang Yuying, Yao Youlei and Wang Baofa Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing, 100083, China 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 1994年第4期57-64,共8页
This article discusses a multiple hierarchy decision analysis in which the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Delphi method were combined with practice of funds management so as to obtain a scientific management system. T... This article discusses a multiple hierarchy decision analysis in which the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Delphi method were combined with practice of funds management so as to obtain a scientific management system. The design procedures and a practical example have been given to verify the feasibility. The work was supported by China National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF), and the introduced procedures have been used in some departments of the NNSF. 展开更多
关键词 Science funds management decision making AHP delphi method.
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Research on the supervision system of social security fund ——based on the diversified supervision subject
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作者 Li Peiqin 《International English Education Research》 2015年第7期16-18,共3页
Social security fund is the foundation of the social security to run, so to strengthen the supervision of social security fund, and promote the sustainable development of it is particularly important. However, the sup... Social security fund is the foundation of the social security to run, so to strengthen the supervision of social security fund, and promote the sustainable development of it is particularly important. However, the supervision of social security fund of China exists many difficulties at present. In this paper ,the author will be based on the angle of the diversity of regulation, and put forward some relevant suggestions to improve the system of supervision of social security fund. 展开更多
关键词 SOCIAL SECUrITY fund SUPErVISION system diversified SUBJECTS
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Fund balance of payments equilibrium perspective study birth insurance system in China
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作者 Du Juan 《International English Education Research》 2015年第7期106-108,共3页
The balance of payments is birth insurance fund raising and using the basic principle, from the Angle of the fund balance of payments to the maternity insurance system in China has very strong theory significance and ... The balance of payments is birth insurance fund raising and using the basic principle, from the Angle of the fund balance of payments to the maternity insurance system in China has very strong theory significance and practical significance. Birth insurance is an important part of social security system, has the protection of women's health, improve population quality, guarantee the importance of women's equal employment, and more attention from the whole society, but there exist many obstacles in the process of implementation and resistance. This article obtains from the national birth insurance fund balance of payments, by combining it with the ginseng of birth insurance, enjoy treatment number, per capita salary level, worker year, per capita average wage level is found hidden in the maternity insurance system in China problems and contradictions, in order to provide feasible Suggestions for maternity insurance system in China. 展开更多
关键词 fund balance ofpayments EQUILIBrIUM MATErNITY INSUrANCE system EXCITING problems The choosen ofthe approaches.
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DRG付费下重点稽核违规行为智能审核和监控规则库比较研究 被引量:2
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作者 张治国 刘庆钦 +1 位作者 向晨 刘湘萍 《中国医院管理》 北大核心 2024年第6期77-82,共6页
目的通过对重点稽核违规行为智能审核和监控规则库进行规则类别、重点稽核行为、规则与行为对应程度比较分析,为完善我国DRG付费下医保重点稽核违规行为智能审核和监控提供参考。方法检索收集2019年5月20日—2023年12月31日各地医保局... 目的通过对重点稽核违规行为智能审核和监控规则库进行规则类别、重点稽核行为、规则与行为对应程度比较分析,为完善我国DRG付费下医保重点稽核违规行为智能审核和监控提供参考。方法检索收集2019年5月20日—2023年12月31日各地医保局发布的DRG付费管理办法等政策文件及数据库中DRG付费智能审核监控规则的相关文献,针对其中与DRG付费下重点稽核违规行为相关的规则,采用文献分析法和比较分析法进行归纳和分析。结果DRG付费下重点稽核违规行为智能审核规则可分为逻辑判断类和参数指标类两大类,审核规则与重点稽核行为的对应程度各异。结论(1)统一全国重点稽核规则,保证规则的普适性、全面性;(2)深挖区域违规行为现状,强化地方特色;(3)逻辑判断类规则“提质”与参数指标类规则“增量”共进;(4)强化新型违规行为的科学研究,建立更具针对性的监管规则。 展开更多
关键词 疾病诊断相关分组 智能审核 监控 规则库 医保基金
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Research on Legal System of China Renewable Energy Development Fund
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作者 Wu Yu Bian Yongmin 《学术界》 CSSCI 北大核心 2015年第9期257-262,共6页
This paper intends to analyze legal system of the Renewable Energy Development Fund based on the relevant provisions of Interim Procedures for the Administration of the Collection and Use of the Renewable Energy Devel... This paper intends to analyze legal system of the Renewable Energy Development Fund based on the relevant provisions of Interim Procedures for the Administration of the Collection and Use of the Renewable Energy Development Fund in November 2011.This governmental fund system combines government macro-control with market regulation,using two hands of administration and market.However,the specific rules have system defects for the lack of support by Tradable Green Certificates.In order to improve and guarantee the development of renewable energy,the legal system of the Renewable Energy Development Fund needs further improving. 展开更多
关键词 可再生能源 基金管理 法律制度 市场调节 宏观调控 制度缺陷 绿色证书 政府
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石家庄市R&D经费投入现状分析与对策研究
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作者 王燕 张陆行 李国强 《产业与科技论坛》 2024年第11期18-21,共4页
R&D经费投入强度,是国际上通用的衡量一个国家或者地区科技投入强度的重要指标,成为评价其科技实力、核心竞争力和创新程度的重要标准。本文在对石家庄市研发投入开展调研的基础上,对R&D经费投入开展总体分析、结构分析、横纵... R&D经费投入强度,是国际上通用的衡量一个国家或者地区科技投入强度的重要指标,成为评价其科技实力、核心竞争力和创新程度的重要标准。本文在对石家庄市研发投入开展调研的基础上,对R&D经费投入开展总体分析、结构分析、横纵向比较分析,找出存在的问题,提出加大政府对科研活动的支持、大力发展新兴产业、重视研发投入统计等对策与建议。 展开更多
关键词 r&d经费投入 科研活动 科技实力
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临床试验对医保基金支出的影响研究——基于某肿瘤医院化疗组DRG的实证分析
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作者 陈治水 冷家骅 +1 位作者 刘忆 高明 《中国医院管理》 北大核心 2024年第5期31-35,共5页
目的 探讨临床试验对医保支付的客观影响,为DRG支付方式改革的持续推进提供参考。方法 搜集某肿瘤医院2022年3月15日—2023年3月14日出院的RE1化疗组资料,对超支付限额病例的现状进行描述,并对其影响因素进行logistic回归分析。结果 DR... 目的 探讨临床试验对医保支付的客观影响,为DRG支付方式改革的持续推进提供参考。方法 搜集某肿瘤医院2022年3月15日—2023年3月14日出院的RE1化疗组资料,对超支付限额病例的现状进行描述,并对其影响因素进行logistic回归分析。结果 DRG病例10 971例,其中临床试验组病例占5.42%。临床试验组和非临床实验组超DRG支付限额占比分别为7.56%和25.26%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。logistic回归分析结果显示,患者进入临床试验,其超支付标准的风险程度降低89.2%,是否靶向治疗、是否静脉置管、住院日、是否免疫治疗、是否多学科会诊、性别依次是病例超支的风险因素。结论 临床试验有助于医院维持医保基金的结余平衡。医院要做好主动管理,为支付制度的完善打好基础。区分联合治疗将是化疗组DRG分组细化的方向。 展开更多
关键词 临床试验 疾病诊断相关分组 医保基金
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政府R&D补贴的技术创新效应分析--基于2009-2021年中国的经验数据
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作者 臧传琴 《山东商业职业技术学院学报》 2024年第4期1-8,共8页
政府R&D补贴既可以通过提供公共服务的方式直接作用于技术创新,也可以通过对社会资本的引导作用间接影响技术创新,其总效应取决于两种影响的方向与大小。基于2009—2021年中国的经验数据,建立了由技术创新方程和引致方程共同组成的... 政府R&D补贴既可以通过提供公共服务的方式直接作用于技术创新,也可以通过对社会资本的引导作用间接影响技术创新,其总效应取决于两种影响的方向与大小。基于2009—2021年中国的经验数据,建立了由技术创新方程和引致方程共同组成的动态模型,对政府R&D补贴的技术创新效应进行了实证分析。结果发现:持续增加的政府R&D补贴带来了国内专利授权数量的稳定增加,技术创新效应较为显著;政府R&D补贴不仅对技术创新产生了积极的直接影响,也通过引导社会资本投资于研发领域而对技术创新产生了积极的间接影响;政府R&D补贴的技术创新效应存在区域差异,中东部地区为正,而西部地区为负。提高资金使用效率、积极引导社会资本投资技术研发、努力改善欠发达地区的研发环境,无疑是提高政府R&D补贴技术创新效应的必要选择。 展开更多
关键词 r&d补贴 技术创新 直接效应 间接效应
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