How R&D investment promotes green technology innovation in the context of digitalization?-An empirical analysis based on provincial panel data

Green technology innovation is an important driving force and source to promote my country’s high-quality development,and it is the core path to achieve sustainable development.This paper uses my country’s provincial panel data from 2016 to 2019 to study the impact mechanism of R&D investment on green technology innovation,and introduces the level of digitization,using the panel threshold model to discuss its role in the impact mechanism of R&D investment on green technology innovation.The study found that when the level of digitalization in a region is low,increasing R&D investment does not necessarily improve the ability of green technology innovation;when the level of digitalization is relatively high,R&D investment has a positive role in promoting green technology innovation.Therefore,it is necessary to improve policies to encourage enterprises to increase investment in research and development;at the same time,it is necessary to promote the coordinated development of digital foundation,digital investment,digital literacy,digital economy and digital application,and promote the deep integration of digitalization and green technology innovation.

Research on the Internal Talent Training Path and Performance Evaluation Mechanism of New R&D Institutions in Zhejiang Province

New research and development(R&D)institutions are an important part of the national innovation system,playing an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.In recent years,new R&D institutions have gradually become the driving force of innovation-driven development in China.Taking new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province as the research object,this paper studies the internal talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province by using the literature research method,comparison method,case verification method,and other methods.The investigation results show that there are problems such as lack of material and spiritual support and neglect of the absorption of local talents in the internal talent training,and there are problems such as unclear standards,insufficient data,and opaque processes in the performance evaluation mechanism,which greatly affect the establishment and improvement of the performance evaluation mechanism.Given the above problems,this paper puts forward a forward-looking,oriented,flexible,and compatible talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism,hoping to optimize the effective internal talent training path of new R&D institutions,improve the evaluation performance,and promote healthy development of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province.

Research on the Impact of Independent R&D and Collaborative Innovation on Economic Performance in China’s pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To study the impact of independent R&D and collaborative innovation on economic performance in the pharmaceutical industry.Methods A panel regression model was established by selecting the panel data of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 2009 to 2019.Results and Conclusion Independent R&D and collaborative innovation of the pharmaceutical industry in eastern,central and western regions of China had a positive effect on economic performance.Besides,the promotion effect of independent R&D was greater than that of collaborative innovation.The positive driving effect of economic performance is the largest among the three regions,followed by the central and western regions.The collaborative innovation has the greatest positive effect on economic performance in the central region,followed by the eastern and western regions.

Agricultural research for development: Investing in Uzbekistan’s future

The paper addresses challenges on organization and funding of research and development (http://www.multitran.ru/c/m.exe?a=110&t=4200527_2_1&sc=0 R&D) in the agricultural sector. The necessity of modernization and reequipment of agricultural sector was validated, which is important sector in the economy of Uzbekistan. The paper covers issues on increasing investments in agricultural research, implementation of results of research work into the agriculture production, strengthening of innovative activities. Also, the possibility of nonstate budgetary financing of scientificresearch process in the agrarian sector was considered. Author’s view is given on the main directions of science that need to be supported as a foundation of further development of agricultural R&D and as a result the agricultural production.

Corporate R&D and Creditor Value: A Contingency Perspective

This study investigates the relationship between corporate R&D and creditor value.The empirical results suggest that such relationship is contingent on the situations of existing R&D investment and institutional arrangement of corporate governance.We find that R&D investment increases creditor value when insufficient R&D threatens survival,while reduces creditor value when such threat is mitigated.Moreover,such curvilinear relationship is mainly driven by firms with relatively weak managerial entrenchment.Hypotheses are tested with 98 U.S.listed firms in manufacturing sector over 2001-2007.

Development Status and Enlightenment of Precision Medicine in China

Objective To analyze the development status of precision medicine in China and summarize the problems so as to put forward some countermeasures to promote its high-quality development.Methods Literature research and comparative research were used to study the development status of precision medicine in China from the perspectives of market environment,product research and development(R&D)and policy environment.Results and Conclusion There are some problems in the field of precision medicine in China,such as technical barriers,less investment in new drug R&D,and imperfect regulatory measures.Therefore,some solutions are put forward.First,enterprises should be encouraged to strengthen their cooperation with innovative R&D.Second,the compensation system of drug patent protection period must be established as soon as possible.Lastly,overseas experience should be learned with scientific supervision.

Research on the Influence of Government R&D Funding and Enterprise R&D Investment on the Innovation Efficiency of Pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To study the effect of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D input on innovation efficiency of China’s pharmaceutical industry.Methods Based on the inter-provincial panel data of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 2009 to 2019,the stochastic frontier analysis method was used to study the influence of government R&D funding and enterprise R&D input on the innovation efficiency.Results and Conclusion With 1%increase in government R&D funding,the innovation efficiency of enterprises will increase by 0.122%.When R&D investment increases by 1%,innovation efficiency will increase by 0.169%.Both government R&D funding and enterprise R&D investment promote the innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises,but the increase of enterprise R&D investment contributes more to the improvement of pharmaceutical innovation efficiency.

The future of competitive advantage in Oman: Integrating green product innovation, Al, and intellectual capital in business strategies

This study delves into the dynamics of green product innovation,artificial intelligence(Al)adaption,and intellectual capital,investigating their impact on the competitiveness of firms in Oman.It emphasizes the crucial role of government intervention and R&D investments in this process.Based on the responses of 214 top managers in Oman,the research employs structural equation modeling to analyze the intricate relationships between these factors.The findings underscore a significant positive correlation between green innovation,Al implementation,and intellectual capital,with government involvement and R&D investments as vital moderators.This study provides a novel perspective on the synergy of technology,innovation,and intellectual capital in developing economies.It offers essential insights for business leaders,policymakers,and scholars,highlighting the necessity of integrating advanced technologies and sustainable practices in business strategies to achieve competitive advantage.The research adds to the existing body of knowledge on innovation and competitiveness.It offers practical implications for enhancing firm performance in Oman and similar emerging markets.

Corporate Digital Transformation and Green Technoiogy Innovation: Evidence from China's Listed Companies in the Manufacturing Industry

Digital transformation has brought new vitality into enterprises'innovative development.Traditional manufacturing industries have leveraged digitalization to drive technological advancements,thereby promoting corporate green technology innovation and achieving the goal of coordinated transformation toward digital and green development.This paper employs annual data of China's A-share listed manufacturing companies from 2007 to 2020 to examine the impact of digital transformation on corporate green technology innovation and the underlying mechanism of this impact.The results indicate that digital transformation significantly enhances corporate green technology innovation,and this enhancing effect is even more significant in state-owned enterprises and high-tech enterprises.The mechanism test reveals that enhancing digital transformation can not only improve enterprises'information transparency and strengthen positive market expectations,but also encourage enterprises to increase R&D investment,ultimately enhancing the level of their green technology innovation.The empirical findings of this paper can provide valuable insights for government departments to formulate strategies that can promote green innovation in the manufacturing industry,drive high-quality development,and contribute to the achievement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality targets.

省会城市首位度对省域创新的影响

基于中国2007—2021年省级面板数据,借助面板门槛模型,实证考察省会城市首位度对省域创新的影响方向和作用程度。结果表明:省会城市首位度对省域创新水平存在双重门槛的非线性影响,并呈现先抑制后促进再抑制的演化特征;省会城市首位度的创新效应受市场化程度与区域吸收能力的异质性正向调节,且呈现单门槛特征。当前,中国多数省(区)的省会城市首位度处在过高水平,较低的市场化程度和区域吸收能力制约了省会城市首位度的创新效应。各省(区)应基于经济发展规律在省域空间发展上作出“因省施策”的选择,加强市场化改革力度并提高区域吸收能力,最大化释放省会城市首位度对省域创新水平的积极影响,有效实现区域创新协同和省域一体化发展。

Technology innovation for infectious diseases in the developing world

Enabling innovation and access to health technologies remains a key strategy in combating infectious diseases in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).However,a gulf between paying markets and the endemicity of such diseases has contributed to the dearth of R&D in meeting these public health needs.While the pharmaceutical industry views emerging economies as potential new markets,most of the world’s poorest bottom billion now reside in middle-income countries-a fact that has complicated tiered access arrangements.However,product development partnerships-particularly those involving academic institutions and small firms-find commercial opportunities in pursuing even neglected diseases;and a growing pharmaceutical sector in BRICS countries offers hope for an indigenous base of innovation.Such innovation will be shaped by 1)access to building blocks of knowledge;2)strategic use of intellectual property and innovative financing to meet public health goals;3)collaborative norms of open innovation;and 4)alternative business models,some with a double bottom line.Facing such resource constraints,LMICs are poised to develop a new,more resource-effective model of innovation that holds exciting promise in meeting the needs of global health.

Government R&D spending,fiscal instruments and corporate technological innovation

Using panel data from 242 cities in China,we examine the impact of government research and development(R&D)spending on corporate technological innovation.We find that listed firms located in cities with higher government R&D expenditures are more innovative than firms in other cities.Further,the positive effect of government R&D spending depends on fiscal instruments and factor allocation.Through subsidies and tax incentives,government R&D spending enhances firm innovation by alleviating financing constraints,improving employee creativity and ensuring efficient operations.We demonstrate that subsidies are more effective than taxes in spurring corporate technological innovation.We also show that the impact of government R&D spending is stronger for state-owned and high-tech enterprises than for other enterprises.Overall,our findings suggest that government R&D spending can substantially improve corporate technological innovation through fiscal instruments.

Evolution of drug regulations and regulatory innovation for anticancer drugs in China

Over the past two decades,China has introduced significant changes to drug regulations through regulatory innovations to accelerate drug review and approvals,keeping in line with the rapidly growing scientific innovation in drug research and development(R&D).In this study,we outlined the revolution of drug regulation in China since the establishment of the State Drug Administration in 1998.More particularly,we performed a comprehensive analysis of newly approved anticancer drugs in China from the year 2005 to May 2021,as a powerful illustration of how the revolution has changed the drug R&D landscape.Innovative drug development in China has boomed,benefiting in particular from pro-innovation policies as well as expedited program designations by the authority.We found a significant increase in the number of both imported and domestic new anticancer drugs from 2005 to 2021,with the emergence of drugs with novel mechanisms of action,including immune checkpoint inhibitors and cell therapy products.Drug lag has also been dramatically shortened by more than 70%for imported drugs in years 2016-2020 compared to years 2006-2010.Furthermore,we provide an insight into the potential approaches to further optimize the science-based and clinical value-based regulatory and R&D drug ecosystem in China.This review provides evidence of significant impacts of regulations and policies on drug R&D and suggests that the constantly adapting regulatory ecosystem will speed up drug development in China and worldwide.

A Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Simulation of China's Innovation-Based Economy Under the New Normal

Researching China's innovative economic and financial innovation issues under the background of the New Normal, we need to carefully analyze the internal structure and interaction of China's macroeconomics.The computable general equilibrium(CGE) model has outstanding advantages on predicting the external shock influences on economic system, but previous studies on forecast for China's future economy mostly considered a high growth rate which is hard to comply with the New Normal scene. By constructing China's macroeconomic dynamic CGE(DCGE) model and anticipating the economic impact of the New Normal, this paper finds that the New Normal has a certain extent inhibition on China's macro-economy and innovation. However, after adding the research and development(R&D) subsidy policy, the negative impacts of the New Normal on macro-economy can be eliminated to realize the optimization of economic structure. In addition, after combining the financial innovation promoting policy and the Ke Qiang index through the simulation of macro-economy, we find that the quality of economic growth is improved. Finally, we provide the policy recommendations for the realization of an innovative economy under China's New Normal.

PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN AGRI-FOOD SYSTEM INNOVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Research is essential for improvement of agricultural productivity,resource use and resilience,and for food systems transformation more broadly.This article analyzes the drivers of past agricultural productivity growth in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)and argues that productivity is not growing fast enough to meet the needs of a global population of 10 billion by 2050.A sustainable transformation of agri-food systems in LMICs will need greater and faster technical change.Higher investment in agri-food R&D is therefore needed to accelerate productivity growth and address the social,economic,nutritional and environmental challenges facing LMICs.Greater and bettertargeted investment in sustainable technologies and climate change mitigation and adaptation will be particularly important to reducing the climate change impacts on agriculture and food security in the coming decades.However,LMICs with small research systems and limited innovation capacity lack the scale and resources to effectively tackle the challenges ahead.Better coordination and a clear articulation of roles and responsibilities among national,subregional,regional and global R&D actors(both from the public and private sectors)are essential to ensuring that scarce financial,human,and infrastructure resources are optimized,duplications minimized,and synergies and complementarities enhanced.

Talent Policy,R&D Personnel Recruitment and Corporate Innovation

This paper analyzes the impact of talent policy on the R&D personnel recruitment and corporate innovation.The research is based on more than 5.8 million online recruitments from listed companies from 2017 to 2018.The study makes five principal findings.Firstly,companies affected by talent policy have significantly increased the number of R&D personnel recruited.Secondly,at the policy level,the incentive effect varies according to different levels of talent policy subsidies and threshold requirements,with more significant effects observed where subsidies are higher and threshold requirements are lower.Thirdly,at the enterprise level,the incentive effect is more significant for high-tech enterprises,better-governance companies,and non-state-owned enterprises.Fourthly,at the city level,the incentive effect is more significant in cities with better economic development,higher administrative levels,and better scientific research support environments.Finally,after the introduction of talent policy,there have been significant improvements in enterprises'R&D investment,patent output and R&D efficiency.In terms of R&D personnel recruitment,this paper provides micro-level evidence for the influence effect,and identifies specific mechanisms and boundary conditions of talent policy on corporate innovation.It expands the research on the influence effect of government and institutional factors on corporate innovation.In addition,it provides reference for accelerating the building up of a talent-strong country,deepening the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy and realizing economic transformation and upgrading.

R&D,innovation and productivity relationships:Evidence from threshold panel model

This study investigates the nonlinear relationship between R&D expenditures,innovation,productivity,high-tech export products.Previous empirical research used linear standard structures to deal with these kinds of specifications,and it has shown that the linearity is frequently conditioned by other macroeconomic factors such as the level of development and the financial openness.Based on these arguments,our study investigates this question in econometric specification using panel smooth threshold regression methodology proposed by Gonzalez et al.in 2005.Our findings suggest that there is a threshold effect within the links between R&D expenditures,innovation,and productivity.The effect of R&D expenditures,innovation,productivity,and medium and high technology product exports is mixed.However,both positive and negative effects are found,depending on which innovation indicators are used or on which level of threshold variable is the most appropriate.The results advocate that the level of economic development can be considered as target indicators to conduct an innovation policy.

加快提升南京创新首位度的路径与战略举措

加快提升创新首位度是提高南京城市首位度的重要内容。从南京的创新发展情况出发,创新首位度的提升应重点提高其在全国基础创新上的话语权、产业创新上的前瞻性、科技资源上的集聚性、科技金融支撑上的有效性,以及区域创新的引领性。目前南京在创新首位度的提升上存在着基础创新的话语权不强、产业创新的前瞻性不够、科技金融的支撑力不明显、区域创新的示范引领性不足等问题,需要加快加快提升基础研究能力,强化市场资源配置功能和金融对科技创新的支撑能力,同时,不断完善创新生态系统,加大对资源的吸引和集聚力度,构建区域开放创新体系等。

宝鸡高科技产业发展中的问题与对策

宝鸡高科技产业的发展存在着智力资源支撑不足、区域创新体系缺失、没有形成产业集群、缺乏自主知识产权等问题。解决这些问题的对策主要有：加速开发智力资源、创建区域创新体系、培育产业集群、强化科技创新。

关-天城市群资源配置的内构性缺陷与调适

关-天城市群的资源配置,存在着科技资源配置的首位度过高,创新中心单极化;生产要素配置断裂,系统功能失调;区域技术创新体系缺失和点轴带状布局等内构性的缺陷,故应创新体制机制,实施"繁星战略","错位布局,均衡发展",构建区域科技创新体系。