Research on the Internal Talent Training Path and Performance Evaluation Mechanism of New R&D Institutions in Zhejiang Province

New research and development(R&D)institutions are an important part of the national innovation system,playing an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.In recent years,new R&D institutions have gradually become the driving force of innovation-driven development in China.Taking new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province as the research object,this paper studies the internal talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province by using the literature research method,comparison method,case verification method,and other methods.The investigation results show that there are problems such as lack of material and spiritual support and neglect of the absorption of local talents in the internal talent training,and there are problems such as unclear standards,insufficient data,and opaque processes in the performance evaluation mechanism,which greatly affect the establishment and improvement of the performance evaluation mechanism.Given the above problems,this paper puts forward a forward-looking,oriented,flexible,and compatible talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism,hoping to optimize the effective internal talent training path of new R&D institutions,improve the evaluation performance,and promote healthy development of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province.

Efficiency Evaluation of Effect of Direct Grain Subsidy Policy on Performance of Rice Production

Using the DEA analysis method,on the basis of the national panel data from 2002 to 2014,this paper made a comparative analysis on the rice production performance before and after the implementation of direct grain subsidy policy,and made an empirical analysis on the relationship between the direct grain subsidy policy and the changes in the rice production performance. The results showed that the effect of the direct grain subsidy policy on promoting the rice production performance is declining year by year,largely because drop of scale efficiency. Besides,there are problems of serious redundancy in agricultural subsidy,unreasonable resource allocation,leading to low performance and resource waste of rice production.

Government subsidies, dual-credit policy, and enterprise performance: Empirical evidence from Chinese listed new energy vehicle companies

The development of the new energy vehicle industry has become a key force driving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutralization.To better guide future strategies,this study investigates the dual impact of subsidy and dual-integral policies on the performance of new energy vehicle enterprises.This study first theorizes the influential mechanism according to the institutional-based approach and technical innovation theory,and then collects data from listed companies in the new energy vehicle industry from 2016 to 2020.The hypotheses are examined using a two-way fixed-effects model.The findings show that:(1)subsidy policies are can still improve enterprise performance,but not through green technology innovation;(2)the dual-credit policy can improve enterprise performance through green technology innovation;and(3)under current policy conditions,with subsidies declining annually,the interaction effects between the subsidy and dual-integral policies will also decrease.Thus,this study suggests that non-monetary industrial policy,represented by the dual credit policy is a more effective alternative to government subsidies.

The Role of R&D Leverage as a Dynamic Capability in Performance Creation:Evidence from SMEs in Taiwan

This study addresses the role of R&D leverage in SMEs’performance creation.The authors do so by considering SMEs’high resource dependence due to isomorphism.We propose that R&D leverage,with a presence of dynamic capabilities,plays a moderating role in the relation between resource investments and performance.This study,which focused on Taiwan’s SMEs,conducts a questionnaire survey using the hierarchical sampling technique,across various industries and geographic areas in Taiwan.The empirical findings reveal that R&D leverage as an essential leveler in resource management enhances resource advantages.

政府补助与R&D投入对智慧养老企业绩效的影响研究

在老龄化背景下,智慧养老行业蓬勃发展。政府为缓解老龄化压力,加大对智慧养老企业的补贴力度,企业要想在激烈的竞争中实现可持续化发展,必须进行研发创新。以智慧养老企业为研究对象,分别探讨政府补助、研发投入以及二者能否产生交互效应来提升智慧养老企业绩效,以期为智慧养老企业转型升级谋求道路。研究表明:政府补助与研发投入均能够正向提升智慧养老企业绩效,但具有滞后性;二者具有互补性,能够产生交互效应,共同提升智慧养老企业绩效。

Relationship between R&D investment and business performance from the perspective of environmental regulation: Takeing the heavy-polluting industries from 2011 to 2016 as an example

In recent years, China has promulgated many laws and regulations of environmental protection, gradually forming an environmental regulation system, and most enterprises are under the dual pressure of environmental protection and business performance. It would be a significant way that enterprises undertake R&D activities for a change. This paper is based on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed heavy pollution enterprises in 2011-2016, which is based on the review and summary of research results of former researchers, combining with current environmental regulation situation of our country, raising the relevant hypothesis between environmental regulations, R&D investment and business performance against heavy pollution industry. Adopting the method of empirical research, it also built the linear regression model which employs the relevant financial data of heavy-polluting enterprises in China as the statistical research sample. The relationship for heavy-polluting enterprises affected by environmental regulations between environmental protection R&D investment and enterprise business performance was tested. The results show that there is a positive influence on the environmental R&D investment and business performance, and a lag effect upon the R&D investment of enterprises to business performance. Finally, the research results were used to evaluates problems existing in the R&D investment on pollution industry in China as well as business performance and we put forward some suggestions on improving environmental regulation standards and technology innovation consciousness as well as optimizing the structure of R&D investment.

The Investigation and Research of the Performance Appraisal of R&D Personnel in R Company

Objective To improve the creativity and enthusiasm of R&D personnel in R Company.Methods The status quo of the performance assessment of R&D personnel in R Company was studied through questionnaire and interview survey.Factor analysis and multiple linear regression method were used to find out the core factors affecting the expectation of employee performance optimization,and the regression equation of employee performance optimization was established.Results and Conclusion R&D personnel in R Company have low satisfaction with the current performance appraisal and strong self-actualization needs,so they expect to optimize the performance appraisal.The objectives and key results(OKR),a management goal-setting system,can make up the deficiencies of R&D personnel’s current performance assessment in R Company,which meets their self-realization needs to a greater extent,thus stimulating their productivity.

Research on the Effect of R&D Investment Intensity and Sales Expense on the Performance of Biomedical Enterprises

Objective To explore the influence of new drug R&D investment and sales expense on the performance of biomedical enterprises.Methods The financial statements of 76 listed biomedical enterprises for 5 consecutive years were selected,and the data were modeled to study the effect of R&D investment and sales expense on the performance of biomedical enterprises by using financial indicators as tools and statistical methods of multiple linear regression.Results and Conclusion Under the premise that the weak related factors such as enterprise scale,life cycle and asset-liability ratio are set as unrelated variables,the R&D investment intensity of biomedical enterprises is negatively correlated with the current performance,which also shows that the R&D of biomedical enterprises has the characteristics of high risk.Besides,the influence of early R&D investment is delayed.However,the sales expense of leading biomedical enterprises with large scales have higher proportion.Meanwhile the greater sales expense of the same enterprise in different periods,the better the enterprise performance is.Biomedical enterprises should consider their own development stage to develop more patented drugs.Besides,they must formulate plans for allocating reasonable sales personnel and cost expense to ensure that enterprises can obtain better benefits.

Research on the Impact of Independent R&D and Collaborative Innovation on Economic Performance in China’s pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To study the impact of independent R&D and collaborative innovation on economic performance in the pharmaceutical industry.Methods A panel regression model was established by selecting the panel data of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 2009 to 2019.Results and Conclusion Independent R&D and collaborative innovation of the pharmaceutical industry in eastern,central and western regions of China had a positive effect on economic performance.Besides,the promotion effect of independent R&D was greater than that of collaborative innovation.The positive driving effect of economic performance is the largest among the three regions,followed by the central and western regions.The collaborative innovation has the greatest positive effect on economic performance in the central region,followed by the eastern and western regions.

政府R&D补贴对国家及区域自主创新产出影响绩效研究——基于中国28个省域面板数据的实证分析

本文基于国家和区域自主创新投入产出的视角实证考察了政府R&D补贴投入对我国自主创新产出的影响绩效。研究结论表明:(1)我国政府创新R&D补贴投入政策对提高国家及区域自主创新产出有十分显著的影响,且通过对专利产出与高技术产业增加值创新产出指标弹性系数比较分析,发现我国对专利产出R&D投入为规模报酬递减,对高技术产业增加值为规模报酬递增;(2)我国政府创新R&D补贴投入对经济相对发达地区和科研基础较好地区(如湖北高校、科研院所较多)自主创新产出影响的弹性系数整体上明显大于经济相对落后地区。这说明我国政府R&D补贴投入对经济相对发达地区和科研基础较好地区自主创新产出影响绩效要高于经济相对落后地区,其中我国上海、北京、江苏、浙江、广东、山东和湖北等地创新绩效较高。山西、新疆、甘肃、青海、广西和四川等地创新绩效较低。

政府补助时序模式抉择——高新技术行业政府补助、R&D投资与绩效的中介效应

对中国2007—2014年516家高新技术上市公司面板数据进行时序分组发现,政府补助均能通过R&D投资对企业绩效产生正向中介效应。其中,在"事中补助"模式中本期补助经本期R&D投入对本期企业绩效的总效用最优,但中介效应较差;上期补助经上期R&D投入对本期企业绩效的总效用稍差,但中介效用最优,因此最符合政府补助的政策导向初衷;而"事前补助"模式总效用和中介效用较差。结论有效论证和解决了政府补助时序模式抉择的争议,也为政府补助模式选择和政策倾向提供了决策参考。

政府补助、R&D投入与创新绩效——基于贫困地区上市公司的实证研究

贫困地区上市公司在帮助扩大就业机会、带动当地经济发展等方面具有重要的作用。以2007—2018年贫困地区上市公司为样本,采用实质性创新和策略性创新衡量创新绩效,构建中介效应模型检验政府补助影响创新绩效过程中R&D投入的中介作用。实证研究结果表明,贫困地区上市公司政府补助和R&D投入均促进了创新绩效,R&D投入在政府补助影响创新绩效中具有中介效应;相比策略性创新,政府补助和R&D投入对实质性创新的激励作用更大;营业绩效与政府补助、R&D投入显著负相关。因此,完善政府补助政策对贫困地区上市公司创新带动经济扶贫有一定促进作用。

政府R&D补贴与新能源汽车企业创新绩效关系的实证分析——基于R&D支出和技术水平中介调节效应

本文利用深交所、上交所、巨潮资讯网等官方网站披露的21家新能源汽车上市公司2010~2017年面板数据,以企业R&D支出和技术水平为中介调节变量,定量分析政府R&D补贴与企业创新绩效之间的关系。研究发现:政府新能源汽车企业R&D补贴显著正向影响企业创新绩效,且对新能源汽车企业R&D支出有显著“挤入”效应,企业R&D支出部分中介了两者之间的关系,企业技术水平显著调节企业R&D支出与创新绩效之间的关系,政府R&D补贴对新能源汽车创新绩效的影响大于企业R&D支出对创新绩效的影响。本研究为评价现行政府R&D支持政策绩效、调整完善政府R&D补贴政策提供参考。

治理结构、R&D投入与绩效的逻辑分析——兼议政府补助的作用路径

以2010—2015年创业板上市公司为样本,采用面板数据及其稳健性标准误修正模型研究了治理结构、R&D投入与企业绩效三者的逻辑联系。实证结果表明:国有持股负向影响企业的R&D投入,股权制衡度正向影响企业的R&D投入,股权集中度、高管持股水平与R&D投入呈非线性关系;高管股权激励的"利益趋同效应"与"壕沟防御效应"共同调节政府补助对企业R&D投入的作用路径; R&D活动具有滞后效应,负向影响当期的企业绩效,但是对滞后两期的绩效水平有显著正向作用。优化公司治理结构,从根源上解决代理问题,是提高研发效率进而促进企业稳健发展的基本路径。

政府R&D补贴、产权性质与实质性创新绩效——基于中国高技术产业的经验数据

以我国高技术产业为样本,采用面板门槛效应模型,实证检验了政府R&D补贴、产权性质与企业实质性创新绩效之间的关系。结果表明,高强度补贴会显著降低政府R&D补贴的正向作用;民营经济比重的上升则有助于政府R&D补贴作用的充分发挥。进一步研究发现,2000—2018年,仅2005、2011和2013等三个年份的补贴强度过高,2007年以后,民营经济的发展均处于合理区间。分区域来看,补贴强度过高的省份多达12个,且大多数位于中部和西部地区;民营经济比重过低的省份有7个,且大多数位于西部地区;补贴强度和民营经济均处于合理区间的有北京、天津、河北等14个省份,而两者均处于不合理区间的有山西、江西、湖北等5个省份。因此,合理设置补贴额度、充分发挥民营经济优势,是真正发挥政府R&D补贴作用、实现高技术产业创新发展的关键所在。

研发费用加计扣除减免、R&D补贴与制造业创新绩效——基于创新过程二元性的分析

采用我国制造业细分行业面板数据,探讨研发费用加计扣除减免和R&D补贴对产业创新绩效的影响。结果表明,在研发阶段,研发费用加计扣除减免和R&D补贴以及二者的交互项能够显著提升制造业创新绩效;在商业化阶段,研发费用加计扣除减免对制造业创新绩效具有显著正向影响,而R&D补贴与创新绩效呈现非线性关系。研究结论为政府研发支持政策优化提供借鉴。

Does Monetary Support Increase the Number of Scientific Papers？ An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

Purpose： One of the main indicators of scientific production is the number of papers published in scholarly journals. Turkey ranks 18th place in the world based on the number of scholarly publications. The objective of this paper is to find out if the monetary support program initiated in 1993 by the Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Council （TUBITAK） to incentivize researchers and increase the number, impact, and quality of international publications has been effective in doing so.Design/methodology/approach： We analyzed some 390,000 publications with Turkish affiliations listed in the Web of Science （WoS） database between 1976 and 2015 along with about 157,000 supported ones between 1997 and 2015. We used the interrupted time series （ITS） analysis technique （also known as ＂quasi-experimental time series analysis＂ or ＂intervention analysis＂） to test if TOBITAK＇s support program helped increase the number of publications. We defined ARIMA （1,1,0） model for ITS data and observed the impact of TOBiTAK＇s support program in 1994, 1997, and 2003 （after one, four and 10 years of its start, respectively）. The majority of publications （93%） were full papers （articles）, which were used as the experimental group while other types of contributions functioned as the control group. We also carried out a multiple regression analysis.Findings： TUBITAK＇s support program has had negligible effect on the increase of the number of papers with Turkish affiliations. Yet, the number of other types of contributions continued to increase even though they were not well supported, suggesting that TUBITAK＇s support program is probably not the main factor causing the increase in the number of papers with Turkish affiliations. Research limitations： Interrupted time series analysis shows if the ＂intervention＂ has had any significant effect on the dependent variable but it does not explain what caused the increase in the number of papers if it was not the intervention. Moreover, except the＂intervention＂, other ＂event（s）＂ that might affect the time series data （e.g., increase in the number of research personnel over the years） should not occur during the period of analysis, a prerequisite that is beyond the control of the researcher. Practical implications： TUBITAK＇s ＂cash-for-publication＂ program did not seem to have direct impact on the increase of the number of papers published by Turkish authors, suggesting that small amounts of payments are not much of an incentive for authors to publish more. It might perhaps be a better strategy to concentrate limited resources on a few high impact projects rather than to disperse them to thousands of authors as ＂micropayments.＂ Originality/value： Based on 25 years＇ worth of payments data, this is perhaps one of the first large-scale studies showing that ＂cash-for-publication＂ policies or ＂piece rates＂ paid to researchers tend to have little or no effect on the increase of researchers＇ productivity. The main finding of this paper has some implications for countries wherein publication subsidies are used as an incentive to increase the number and quality of papers published in international journals. They should be prepared to consider reviewing their existing support programs （based usually on bibliometric measures such as journal impact factors） and revising their reward policies.

自愿性碳信息披露、公司绩效与政府补助——采矿行业基于CDP项目的实证研究

目前我国的碳排放量在全球居于首位,碳减排及其相应的碳管理问题迫在眉睫。采矿行业在能源生产过程中产生的碳排放量一直居高不下,且是消耗资源和产生污染排放的重点行业。通过选取采矿业上市公司2011-2015年的碳信息披露数据,将公司规模、企业所在地经济程度作为控制变量,对自愿性碳信息披露与公司绩效和政府补助进行实证研究,结果发现,采矿行业自愿碳信息披露与政府补助高度正相关,与公司绩效呈弱正相关。

哪种政府补贴方式更能促进企业创新-基于医药制造业不同所有制企业PVAR动态效应的比较视角

选取2008—2015年中国医药制造业上市公司148家企业的面板数据,建立PVAR模型,运用脉冲响应函数和方差分解等分析方法,研究不同政府补贴方式与研发投入和创新绩效之间的动态交互效应,以及该效应在国企和非国企之间的差异。结果表明:(1)相对于支持型政府补贴,奖励型政府补贴更能促进企业的研发投入和创新绩效;反过来,创新绩效促进奖励型政府补贴,两者相互促进;而研发投入抑制奖励型政府补贴,且这种交互作用国企比非国企更显著。(2)支持型政府补贴挤出研发投入但促进创新绩效,反过来研发投入促进支持型政府补贴,而创新绩效抑制支持型政府补贴,且这种交互作用非国企比国企更显著。(3)研发投入与创新绩效相互促进,且非国企比国企更显著。本文的研究结论可为政府补贴政策和企业创新研发决策的制定和完善提供参考和借鉴。

政府补贴资金对林业上市公司经营效率影响研究——基于三阶段DEA模型

文章基于2013?2018年中国13家林业上市公司面板数据,运用三阶段DEA模型对其剔除随机误差和环境因素的影响前后的技术效率进行了研究。结果发现,上市年限、GDP增长率、股权集中度和主营业务类别加速了政府补贴冗余,而适当提高资产负债率则有利于减少政府补贴冗余。在剔除环境因素、随机误差的影响后,大部分林业上市公司的技术效率、管理效率与规模效率呈现上升的趋势,其中,管理效率的涨幅最大,并且大部分林业上市公司处于规模报酬递增与规模报酬不变的阶段。这说明,提升政府补贴的管理水平和适当增加公司规模是中国林业上市公司提升技术效率的重要因素。