R/S method for evaluation of pollutant time series in environmental quality assessment

The significance of the fluctuation and randomness of the time series of each pollutant in environmental quality assessment is described for the first time in this paper. A comparative study was made of three different computing methods： the same starting point method, the striding averaging method, and the stagger phase averaging method. All of them can be used to calculate the Hurst index, which quantifies fluctuation and randomness. This study used real water quality data from Shazhu monitoring station on Taihu Lake in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. The results show that, of the three methods, the stagger phase averaging method is best for calculating the Hurst index of a pollutant time series from the perspective of statistical regularity.

Euler’s First-Order Explicit Method–Peridynamic Differential Operator for Solving Population Balance Equations of the Crystallization Process

Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridynamic differential operator(EE–PDDO)was obtained for solving the one-dimensional population balance equation in crystallization.Four different conditions during crystallization were studied:size-independent growth,sizedependent growth in a batch process,nucleation and size-independent growth,and nucleation and size-dependent growth in a continuous process.The high accuracy of the EE–PDDO method was confirmed by comparing it with the numerical results obtained using the second-order upwind and HR-van methods.The method is characterized by non-oscillation and high accuracy,especially in the discontinuous and sharp crystal size distribution.The stability of the EE–PDDO method,choice of weight function in the PDDO method,and optimal time step are also discussed.

Energy Stable Nodal DG Methods for Maxwell’s Equations of Mixed-Order Form in Nonlinear Optical Media

In this work,we develop energy stable numerical methods to simulate electromagnetic waves propagating in optical media where the media responses include the linear Lorentz dispersion,the instantaneous nonlinear cubic Kerr response,and the nonlinear delayed Raman molecular vibrational response.Unlike the first-order PDE-ODE governing equations considered previously in Bokil et al.(J Comput Phys 350:420–452,2017)and Lyu et al.(J Sci Comput 89:1–42,2021),a model of mixed-order form is adopted here that consists of the first-order PDE part for Maxwell’s equations coupled with the second-order ODE part(i.e.,the auxiliary differential equations)modeling the linear and nonlinear dispersion in the material.The main contribution is a new numerical strategy to treat the Kerr and Raman nonlinearities to achieve provable energy stability property within a second-order temporal discretization.A nodal discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method is further applied in space for efficiently handling nonlinear terms at the algebraic level,while preserving the energy stability and achieving high-order accuracy.Indeed with d_(E)as the number of the components of the electric field,only a d_(E)×d_(E)nonlinear algebraic system needs to be solved at each interpolation node,and more importantly,all these small nonlinear systems are completely decoupled over one time step,rendering very high parallel efficiency.We evaluate the proposed schemes by comparing them with the methods in Bokil et al.(2017)and Lyu et al.(2021)(implemented in nodal form)regarding the accuracy,computational efficiency,and energy stability,by a parallel scalability study,and also through the simulations of the soliton-like wave propagation in one dimension,as well as the spatial-soliton propagation and two-beam interactions modeled by the two-dimensional transverse electric(TE)mode of the equations.

The forecasting efficiency under different selected regions by Pattern Informatics Method and seismic potential estimation in the North-South Seismic Zone

In 2022,four earthquakes with M_(S)≥6.0 including the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes occurred in the North-South Seismic Zone(NSSZ),which demonstrated high and strong seismicity.Pattern Informatics(PI)method,as an effective long and medium term earthquake forecasting method,has been applied to the strong earthquake forecasting in Chinese mainland and results have shown the positive performance.The earthquake catalog with magnitude above M_(S)3.0 since 1970 provided by China Earthquake Networks Center was employed in this study and the Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)method was applied to test the forecasting efficiency of the PI method in each selected region related to the North-South Seismic Zone systematically.Based on this,we selected the area with the best ROC testing result and analyzed the evolution process of the PI hotspot map reflecting the small seismic activity pattern prior to the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes.A“forward”forecast for the area was carried out to assess seismic risk.The study shows the following.1)PI forecasting has higher forecasting efficiency in the selected study region where the difference of seismicity in any place of the region is smaller.2)In areas with smaller differences of seismicity,the activity pattern of small earthquakes prior to the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes can be obtained by analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution process of the PI hotspot map.3)The hotspot evolution in and around the southern Tazang fault in the study area is similar to that prior to the strong earthquakes,which suggests the possible seismic hazard in the future.This study could provide some ideas to the seismic hazard assessment in other regions with high seismicity,such as Japan,Californi,Turkey,and Indonesia.

Research on the Application of Montessori Education Method in Cognitive Training of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Objective:To study the application of the Montessori education method in cognitive training in patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Methods:40 cases of senile dementia patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group according to the single and double number table method,with 20 cases in each group.The intervention group used the Montessori education method,the principle of which was to implement individualized health interventions based on the individual conditions of the patients,for a period of 6 months;the control group was given conventional treatment and nursing of the disease.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)was used to compare the effects of the two groups of patients before and after health intervention and conduct statistical analysis.Results:The score of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group,and there was a statistical difference between the two(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing the Montessori education method for diagnosed Alzheimer’s patients can effectively improve their cognitive function and delay the progress of further dementia.

Effects of King’s Theory of Goal Attainment Combined with Teach-Back Method on Improving Patients’ Standardization Rate of Eye Drop Use

Objective:To explore the effect of King’s Theory of Goal Attainment combined with teach-back method on improving the standardization rate of eye drop use in patients.Methods:A total of 200 patients who used more than two types of eye drops in the Department of Ophthalmology of our hospital were selected as the research subjects,and were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group.The control group was given routine health education,while the observation group was given King’s Theory of Goal Attainment combined with teach-back method on the basis of the control group.The standardization rate of eye drop use,knowledge awareness rate,and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention,the standardization rate of eye drop use,the awareness rate of eye drop knowledge,and the nursing satisfaction of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:King’s Theory of Goal Attainment combined with teach-back method can effectively improve the standardization rate of eye drop use in patients,increase their awareness of eye drop knowledge,and improve nursing satisfaction,which is worthy of clinical application.

Critical care nurses and their clinical reasoning for customizing monitor alarms:a mixed-method study

Objective:To explore the clinical rationale of critical care nurses for personalizing monitor alarms.One of the most crucial jobs assigned to critical care nurses is monitoring patients'physiological indicators and carrying out the necessary associated interventions.Successful use of equipment in the nursing practice environment will be improved by a thorough understanding of the nurse's approach to alarm configuration.Methods:A mixed-method design integrating quantitative and qualitative components was used.The sample of this study recruited a convenience sample of 60 nurses who have worked in critical care areas.This study took place at Lebanese American University Medical Center Rizk Hospital,utilizing a semi-structured interview with participants.Results:The study demonstrated the high incidence of nuisance alarms and the desensitization of critical care nurses to vital ones.According to the nurses,frequent false alarms and a shortage of staff are the 2 main causes of alarm desensitization.Age was significantly associated with the perception of Smart alarms,according to the data(P=0.03).Four interconnected themes and subcategories that reflect the clinical reasoning process for alarm customization were developed as a result of the study's qualitative component:(1)unit alarm environment;(2)nursing style;(3)motivation to customize;and(4)clinical and technological customization.Conclusions:According to this study,nurses believe that alarms are valuable.However,a qualitative analysis of the experiences revealed that customization has been severely limited since the healthcare team depends on nurses to complete these tasks independently.Additionally,a staffing shortage and lack of technical training at the start of placement have also hindered customization.

Exploration of the Methods and Insights in the Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right

Marx,as one of the founders of Marxism,experienced a significant transformation in his thought during the period of 1843-1844.The Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right(hereafter referred to as the Introduction)is one of Marx’s most representative works from this time.Lenin noted that this text,along with Marx’s On the Jewish Question,marks Marx’s transition from idealism and revolutionary democracy to materialism.In this renowned text,Marx offers a rational critique of the absolute authority of religion,articulates a vision for human emancipation,and envisages the possibility of free and comprehensive human development.During this intellectual shift,Marx absorbed the essence of German classical philosophy and,from a positivist perspective,began employing critical thinking and materialist expression.This enabled him to embark on a path of critique addressing both the religious and real social worlds.In the new era,systematically studying Marxist classic works allows for the exploration of their contemporary relevance.By aligning these classics with specific directions outlined in reports such as those from the 20th CPC Central Committee’s Third Plenary Session,the vitality of these works can be reinvigorated for the modern age.

基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题的虚单元法求解

应变-旋转(Strain-Rotation,S-R)和分解定理为分析几何非线性问题提供了合理可靠的理论基础,但用有限元求解时会遇到大变形发生后的网格畸变问题。近年提出的虚单元法(Virtual element method,VEM)适用于一般的多边形网格,因此,该文尝试使用一阶虚单元求解基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题,以克服网格畸变的影响。基于重新定义的多项式位移空间基函数,推演获得一阶虚单元分析线弹性力学问题时允许位移空间向多项式位移空间的投影表达式;按照虚单元法双线性格式的计算规则,分析处理基于更新拖带坐标法和势能率原理的增量变分方程;进而建立离散系统方程及其矩阵表达形式,并编制MATLAB求解程序;采用常规多边形网格和畸变网格,应用该文算法分析均布荷载下的悬臂梁和均匀内压下的厚壁圆筒变形。结果与已有文献和ANSYS软件的对比表明:该文算法在两种网格中均可有效执行且具备足够数值精度。总体该文算法为基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题求解提供了一种鲁棒方法。

Research on nonlinear R／S method and its application in earthquake prediction

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Ⅰ导联R/(R+S)对胸前V3导联移行流出道室性心律失常起源部位的鉴别价值

目的:探索鉴别胸前V3导联移行流出道室性心律失常(OT-VA)起源部位的体表心电图指标。方法:连续选择2017年1月至2022年8月行导管射频消融术的胸前V3导联移行OT-VA患者65例。比较左室流出道起源组(LVOT组)和右室流出道起源组(RVOT组)室性心律失常发作时体表心电图QRS波振幅及相关指标的差异,选择差异有统计学意义的指标,绘制ROC曲线评价所选取指标鉴别OT-VA起源部位的效能。结果:LVOT组11例,RVOT组54例,两组间差异有统计学意义且ROC曲线下面积(AUC)最大的指标为Ⅰ导联R波/(R+S)波振幅比[R/(R+S)],其鉴别OT-VA起源部位的AUC(95%CI)为0.949(0.894~1.000),截断值为0.50。Ⅰ导联R/(R+S)<0.50诊断胸前V3导联移行LVOT起源OT-VA的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为0.909、0.944和0.938。结论:Ⅰ导联R/(R+S)<0.50可准确鉴别LVOT起源的胸前V3导联移行OT-VA。

基于REOF的不同量级降雨侵蚀力时空变化——以重庆市为例

研究重庆市不同地理分区内各量级降雨侵蚀力的时空变化特征,为该地区进行更加精准的区域性水土流失防治工作提供理论依据。选取1981-2020年重庆市31个站点逐日降雨数据,利用旋转经验正交函数(Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function,REOF)对降雨侵蚀力进行地理分区,并结合R/S、5年滑动平均、Mann-Kendall检验等方法,分析各分区不同量级降雨侵蚀力时空变化。结果表明:①重庆市降雨侵蚀力可分为6个地理区域(Ⅰ-Ⅵ区);②重庆市多年平均降雨侵蚀力为5784.04 MJ·mm/(hm^(2)·h·a),不同降雨侵蚀力从大到小依次为:大雨、暴雨、中雨、大暴雨;③大雨侵蚀力在Ⅰ-Ⅲ区和Ⅴ-Ⅵ区占主导优势,暴雨侵蚀力在Ⅳ区占主导优势。各分区中,中雨、大雨及暴雨侵蚀力主要集中在5-9月,大暴雨侵蚀力集中在6-8月;④各区不同量级降雨侵蚀力年际变化从小到大依次为:中雨、大雨、暴雨、大暴雨;同一量级降雨侵蚀力的整体变化趋势均不显著;Hurst指数表明,中雨侵蚀力在Ⅰ和Ⅴ区、大雨侵蚀力在Ⅱ和Ⅴ区、大暴雨侵蚀力在Ⅰ和Ⅲ区呈强持续上升趋势;⑤中雨、大雨及大暴雨侵蚀力在渝东南、渝东北占主导优势,暴雨侵蚀力在渝西以及重庆中部占主导优势,且Ⅰ区酉阳和秀山、Ⅱ区开州、Ⅲ区北碚和铜梁、Ⅳ区璧山和永川、Ⅴ区巫溪和云阳及Ⅵ区忠县是不同量级降雨侵蚀力的高峰中心。通过对重庆各分区不同量级降雨侵蚀力的分析,明确了可能引起土壤侵蚀的主要雨型、高发时期和潜在风险较高的地区,可为区域水土流失动态监测和水土保持措施的合理制定提供参考。

基于S-O-R模型的视觉营销对消费者购买意愿的影响研究——以红色文创网店为例

为提高红色文创网店的点击转化率,文章从消费者视角出发,研究影响消费者购买意愿的视觉因素。基于S-O-R模型理论,构建红色文创网店视觉营销对消费者购买意愿因素的理论模型。利用S-O-R模型分析了红色文创网店视觉营销中的商品形象、界面形象以及品牌视觉形象对顾客感知价值及顾客购买意向的影响。通过设计量表和调查问卷进行实证研究,并结合结构方程模型加以论证,得出品牌视觉形象和界面形象是影响消费者购买意愿的关键因素,为设计师和红色文创品牌进行网店设计提供了一定的理论参考和建议。

信息性还是娱乐性?——基于S-O-R模型的政务短视频媒介使用及其效果研究

政务短视频是时下较受欢迎的政务新媒体,用户主要在信息性和娱乐性两个维度对其接触和使用。基于S-O-R模型的调查分析表明,政务短视频媒介使用对媒介可信度、用户持续使用意愿主要产生间接影响,且通过政治知识和绩效感知两个变量产生中介效应。其中,政务短视频的使用频率和信息性使用透过政治知识变量对媒介可信度产生显著的正向影响,但娱乐性使用的作用机制为负向。政治知识对用户持续使用意愿的效果路径无显著影响。绩效感知变量是政务短视频使用频率、信息性使用对持续使用意愿产生正向影响的有效中介变量,但对媒介可信度的效果路径无中介作用。说明在视觉化中国政治传播语境中,政务短视频虽不可避免地需要使用娱乐性元素构建内容、获得用户,但根本上仍然要以“信息性”制胜,相应调整内容供给策略和运营策略,以获得积极的效果。

Comparative Analysis of Improving Effects of 12 Maize Populations with Improved S_1 Selection Method

ln this study, 12 maize populations were improved with the improved S1 selection method, aiming to increase the improvement efficiency of maize popula-tions. The results showed that number of rows per spike, number of grains per row and 100-grain weight were the three important component traits of maize yield. The highest genetic increment was found in Mengqun 2, fol owed by Mengqun 4, Mengqun 1 and other 7 maize populations. Negative genetic increment was shown in Mengqun 3 and 3 introduced foreign maize populations. Some changes were shown in spikes, plant traits and genetic diversity of maize populations. Based on our results, we concluded that Mengqun 2, Mengqun 4, Zhongzong 7, Mengqun C and Mengqun A could be directly used for the line breeding by selfing for their higher genetic increment of yield and better improvement effects of other agricultural traits. Compared with these 5 populations, the improvement potential of other maize populations was limited for their lower genetic increment.

R.S.托马斯诗歌中的反田园书写

R.S.托马斯的诗歌展现了威尔士乡村一系列反田园特质,包括几乎绝望的风景、花园里的机器和自然界弱肉强食的暴力法则。这种现实主义的反田园书写反映了托马斯的民族主义情结、反现代主义和生态主义的立场。通过探讨田园与反田园的含义,分析托马斯诗歌中的反田园书写及其现实关怀,有助于挖掘他积极的入世态度和道德情怀。

达人主播直播带货对消费者购买意愿的双路径影响——基于SOR及ELM模型的分析

文章基于SOR模型和ELM模型,研究了达人主播直播带货营销对消费者购买意愿的影响机理。该研究发现,消费者购买意愿通过中心路径和边缘路径被影响,中心路径因素为信息质量和促销激励,而边缘路径因素为达人主播的专业性、知名度和社会临场感。此外,消费者的感知信任和感知价值对其购买意愿具有显著正向影响,并在不同因素之间起中介作用。本研究结果提供了一个包括感知信任和感知价值双路径的中介影响模型框架,为未来研究该领域提供了新的思路和实证基础。

基于16S rDNA测序分析独活寄生汤对膝骨关节炎大鼠肠道菌群的影响

目的通过16S r DNA测序探讨独活寄生汤(Duhuo Jisheng Decoction,DHJSD)在调控肠道菌群以治疗膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)中的潜在机制。方法选取18只SD大鼠,随机分为模型组(关节腔内注射50μL浓度为40 mg/mL的碘乙酸钠)、空白组(灌胃等量生理盐水)以及DHJSD组(造模方法与模型组相同,灌胃独活寄生汤16.5 g/kg),每组6只。造模2周后开始干预,每天灌胃1次,持续4周,并观察其一般情况。给药结束后进行取材,通过HE染色观察软骨变化。ELISA法检测血清白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-1β、IL-6、IL-17和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)炎症因子水平。RT-qPCR检测滑膜中核因子κB p65(nuclear factor-κB p65,NF-κB p65)、雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mechanistic target of rapamycin,mTOR)、AMP激活蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)和磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase,PI3K)的相对表达量。取肠道粪便进行16S rDNA测序分析肠道微生物群的差异。结果相比空白组,模型组大鼠的活动减少,毛发失去光泽,摄食量和饮水量减少。相比模型组,DHJSD组大鼠的活动性、毛发光泽和饮食均明显改善。HE染色结果表明,DHJSD能有效改善软骨损伤,减轻纤维化和炎症反应。ELISA结果表明,相比空白组,模型组的IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17和TNF-α水平升高(P<0.01)。相比模型组,DHJSD组IL-1β、TNF-α水平降低(P<0.01)。RT-qPCR结果表明,相比空白组,模型组NF-κB p65、mTOR和AMPK的相对表达量升高(P<0.05)。相比模型组,DHJSD组mTOR的相对表达量降低(P<0.05)。16S r DNA测序结果表明,DHJSD可以调控KOA大鼠的肠道菌群结构,并影响菌群的α和β多样性。乳球菌属(Lactococcus)和肠杆菌属(Enterorhabdus)分别是DHJSD组和模型组中富集最显著的菌群。结论DHJSD能有效修复软骨损伤,减缓KOA的进展,其机制可能与调控肠道菌群、维护肠道屏障完整性以及减少免疫炎症反应有关。

Fractal Method for Statistical Analysis Geological Data

This paper establishes the phase space in the light of spacial series data , discusses the fractal structure of geological data in terms of correlated functions and studies the chaos of these data . In addition , it introduces the R/S analysis for time series analysis into spacial series to calculate the structural fractal dimensions of ranges and standard deviation for spacial series data -and to establish the fractal dimension matrix and the procedures in plotting the fractal dimension anomaly diagram with vector distances of fractal dimension . At last , it has examples of its application .

(1R,2S)-2-氟环丙胺对甲苯磺酸盐合成工艺的改进

研究了(1R,2S)-2-氟环丙胺对甲苯磺酸盐的合成工艺。以丁二烯为原料,经过成环、氧化、还原、拆分等反应,设计合成(1S,2S)-2-氟环丙甲酸,通过考察与优化确定了最佳反应条件;进一步制得目标产物(1R,2S)-2-氟环丙胺对甲苯磺酸盐,产物收率达到75%。