Taking absorptive capacity effects on research spillovers into consideration, this paper focuses on the R＆D investment decisions and the output decisions of labor-managed firms. Based on the general model of the cost...Taking absorptive capacity effects on research spillovers into consideration, this paper focuses on the R＆D investment decisions and the output decisions of labor-managed firms. Based on the general model of the cost-reducing R＆D, the strategic interactions of output and R＆D investment between labor-managed firms in a duopoly are analyzed. Moreover, the impact of absorptive capacity effects on optimal output in the production stage is discussed. In the R＆D stage, the impacts of absorptive capacity effects on the equilibrium R＆D investment in cooperative and non-cooperative R＆D are analyzed. Finally, the R＆D strategy of labor-managed firms is compared with the behavior of profit-maximizing firms. The results show that equilibrium R＆D investment is always higher than that in the exogenous spillover rate, which is similar to the behavior of the profit-maximizing firms. However, unlike the profit-maximizing firms, the impact of the absorptive capacity that affects the relationship between the optimal output and its own（rival＇ s）R＆D is shown to be dependent upon a return-to-scale of the production.展开更多
Using a sample of 126 firms in Chinese IT industry, we developed an empirical model which tests the impact of R＆D investment and employee involvement （El） on innovation commercialization. The results showed that th...Using a sample of 126 firms in Chinese IT industry, we developed an empirical model which tests the impact of R＆D investment and employee involvement （El） on innovation commercialization. The results showed that the expenditure of R＆D has a positive effect on performance of innovation commercialization, while the number of R＆D staff has trivial impact on that. The results also revealed that E1 has no direct effect on commercialization performance, but plays a moderating role in the effect of R＆D investment on commercialization of innovation. More specifically, the R＆D expenditure of a finn with high involvement system has a less positive impact on the number of new products, but a more positive effect on the profit of new products.展开更多
Taking the advanced technology of the foreign firm into account, a mixed duopoly three-stage game model is established in the context of research and development（RD）investment subsidies and product subsidies for dom...Taking the advanced technology of the foreign firm into account, a mixed duopoly three-stage game model is established in the context of research and development（RD）investment subsidies and product subsidies for domestic firms provided by the government, and the RD subsidy policy of domestic firms in competition with foreign firms is analyzed.The equilibrium output, RD investment of the domestic firm, social welfare and the value of government subsidies are derived, in the case of the two policies, RD investment subsidies and product subsidies for domestic firms, provided by the government. The results show that, the equilibrium output and the optimal social welfare under the RD investment subsidy policy are both less than those under the product subsidy policy; the optimal RD investment under the RD investment subsidy policy is less than that under the product subsidy policy; and the RD product subsidy has a more obvious incentive effect on firm RD investment. Under the background of the leading edge of technology of foreign firms, the product subsidy policy drawn up by the government to encourage RD innovation of domestic firms is more effective than the RD investment subsidy policy.展开更多
To stay globally competitive, manufacturing companies are increasingly under pressure to bring new products and applications to market, improve existing products, and discover new technologies to produce them at a low...To stay globally competitive, manufacturing companies are increasingly under pressure to bring new products and applications to market, improve existing products, and discover new technologies to produce them at a lower price. New technological findings can enable companies to overcome these challenges. In practice, technology development associated with a long time horizon is often given a lower priority compared with short-term focused product development thus being stronger restricted by everyday business. More and more companies separate their technology development department from product development to promote technological innovations. Due to this additional interface in the R＆D organization new problems arise, resulting in technologies not being implemented in products. The reasons for these problems amongst others concern wrong timing for the transfer or inadequate definition of responsibilities. In this paper of ongoing research, authors introduce a framework to design the transfer processes between technology development and product development. Although there are a number of options for designing the operative transfer, there is no regulatory framework specifying which configuration options are at this particular interface. The approach is to develop a model, which is able to design different company-specific transfer processes taking into account the object being transferred at this interface. Thus, for different objects to be transferred, different transfer processes are designed. The model＇s aim is to enable responsibility of the R＆D management to design their company-specific transfer processes to enable more technologies being implemented into products, thus giving the whole company the possibility to act more innovatively.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.70671024)Annual Research Results in Zhejiang Federation of Humanities and Social Sciences Circles(No.08N40)
文摘Taking absorptive capacity effects on research spillovers into consideration, this paper focuses on the R＆D investment decisions and the output decisions of labor-managed firms. Based on the general model of the cost-reducing R＆D, the strategic interactions of output and R＆D investment between labor-managed firms in a duopoly are analyzed. Moreover, the impact of absorptive capacity effects on optimal output in the production stage is discussed. In the R＆D stage, the impacts of absorptive capacity effects on the equilibrium R＆D investment in cooperative and non-cooperative R＆D are analyzed. Finally, the R＆D strategy of labor-managed firms is compared with the behavior of profit-maximizing firms. The results show that equilibrium R＆D investment is always higher than that in the exogenous spillover rate, which is similar to the behavior of the profit-maximizing firms. However, unlike the profit-maximizing firms, the impact of the absorptive capacity that affects the relationship between the optimal output and its own（rival＇ s）R＆D is shown to be dependent upon a return-to-scale of the production.
文摘Using a sample of 126 firms in Chinese IT industry, we developed an empirical model which tests the impact of R＆D investment and employee involvement （El） on innovation commercialization. The results showed that the expenditure of R＆D has a positive effect on performance of innovation commercialization, while the number of R＆D staff has trivial impact on that. The results also revealed that E1 has no direct effect on commercialization performance, but plays a moderating role in the effect of R＆D investment on commercialization of innovation. More specifically, the R＆D expenditure of a finn with high involvement system has a less positive impact on the number of new products, but a more positive effect on the profit of new products.
基金The Special Project of Innovative Methods and Work Funded by Ministry of National Science and Technology of China(No.2013IM030600)
文摘Taking the advanced technology of the foreign firm into account, a mixed duopoly three-stage game model is established in the context of research and development（RD）investment subsidies and product subsidies for domestic firms provided by the government, and the RD subsidy policy of domestic firms in competition with foreign firms is analyzed.The equilibrium output, RD investment of the domestic firm, social welfare and the value of government subsidies are derived, in the case of the two policies, RD investment subsidies and product subsidies for domestic firms, provided by the government. The results show that, the equilibrium output and the optimal social welfare under the RD investment subsidy policy are both less than those under the product subsidy policy; the optimal RD investment under the RD investment subsidy policy is less than that under the product subsidy policy; and the RD product subsidy has a more obvious incentive effect on firm RD investment. Under the background of the leading edge of technology of foreign firms, the product subsidy policy drawn up by the government to encourage RD innovation of domestic firms is more effective than the RD investment subsidy policy.
文摘To stay globally competitive, manufacturing companies are increasingly under pressure to bring new products and applications to market, improve existing products, and discover new technologies to produce them at a lower price. New technological findings can enable companies to overcome these challenges. In practice, technology development associated with a long time horizon is often given a lower priority compared with short-term focused product development thus being stronger restricted by everyday business. More and more companies separate their technology development department from product development to promote technological innovations. Due to this additional interface in the R＆D organization new problems arise, resulting in technologies not being implemented in products. The reasons for these problems amongst others concern wrong timing for the transfer or inadequate definition of responsibilities. In this paper of ongoing research, authors introduce a framework to design the transfer processes between technology development and product development. Although there are a number of options for designing the operative transfer, there is no regulatory framework specifying which configuration options are at this particular interface. The approach is to develop a model, which is able to design different company-specific transfer processes taking into account the object being transferred at this interface. Thus, for different objects to be transferred, different transfer processes are designed. The model＇s aim is to enable responsibility of the R＆D management to design their company-specific transfer processes to enable more technologies being implemented into products, thus giving the whole company the possibility to act more innovatively.
