The R-phase transformation process in selected TiNi alloys has been studied in great detail by using in situ TEM technique. The R-phase transformation was found to be a reversible thermoelastic displacive transformati...The R-phase transformation process in selected TiNi alloys has been studied in great detail by using in situ TEM technique. The R-phase transformation was found to be a reversible thermoelastic displacive transformation with a nucleation and growth process. The R-phase nucleates at the precipitate/matrix interface in aged specimens and grows by moving the coherent R/matrix interfaces. The stress field of Ti3Ni4 precipitates plays a much more important role in the formation of the R-phase than dislocations in aged TiNi alloy. The microstructure of the R-phase has also been studied.展开更多
The precipitation behaviour of Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Cr-W alloys during aging has been ex- perimentally studied.It was found that in the early stage of aging,a metastable R phase pre- cipitated in both alloys,it was transfo...The precipitation behaviour of Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Cr-W alloys during aging has been ex- perimentally studied.It was found that in the early stage of aging,a metastable R phase pre- cipitated in both alloys,it was transformed into stable μ-phase,Laves-phase,X-phase or σ-phase in the later stages.The crystallographic structure of metastable R-phase is rhombohedral with lattice parameters of a=0.9075 nm and α=74.45°.The chemical compo- sition of R-phase is Fe-(27.5—34.9)Mo-(0—25.5)Cr and Fe-(28.9—33.0)W-(9.36— 21.0)Cr in at.-% in Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Cr-W system,respectively.展开更多
A high density of {110} shear planes has been observed in the R-phase (Al5CuLi3)following phase transformation from the AlCuLi icosahedral Phase. The Present paper shows that the atomic arrangement in the vicinity of ...A high density of {110} shear planes has been observed in the R-phase (Al5CuLi3)following phase transformation from the AlCuLi icosahedral Phase. The Present paper shows that the atomic arrangement in the vicinity of the shear planes can be described as a two-dimensional periodic array of atom clusters with 5-fold symmetry. This result is obtained by projecting along the [1. 618...01] direction of the atomic positions from four adjacent lattice planes that cross the shear plane. The projection reveals that the shear plane consists of pentagonal arrangements of double triacontahedra,each pentagon incorporating 606 atoms. The calculated diffraction pattern from the pentagon has approximate 10-fold symmetry characteristic of a quasicrystal.展开更多
Ferritic heat resistant steels involving precipitation of intermetallic phases have drawn a growing interest for the enhancement of creep strength, while the brittleness of the intermetallic phases may lower the tough...Ferritic heat resistant steels involving precipitation of intermetallic phases have drawn a growing interest for the enhancement of creep strength, while the brittleness of the intermetallic phases may lower the toughness of the alloy. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the dispersion characteristics of the intermetallics phase through microstructural control to minimize the trade-off between the strength and toughness. The effects of -Fe matrix substructures on the precipitation sequence, morphology, dispersion characteristics, and the stability of the intermetallic phases are investigated in Fe-Cr-W-Co-Si system. The precipitates of the Si-free Fe-10Cr-l.4W-4.5Co (at%) alloy aged at 873K are the R-phase but those of the Si-added Fe-10Cr-l.4W-4.5Co-0.3Si (at%) alloy are the icosahedral quasicrystalline phase. The precipitates in both the Si-free and Si-added alloys aged at 973K are the Laves phase. Matrix of the alloys is controlled by heat treatments as to provide three types of matrix substructures; ferrite, ferrite/martensite mixture and martensite. The hardening behavior of the alloys depends on the matrix substructures and is independent of the kinds of precipitates. In the alloys with ferrite matrix, the peak of hardness during aging at 873K shifts to longer aging time in comparison with that in the alloys with lath martensite matrix which contain numbers of nucleation sites.展开更多
Ti-50.6Ni（molar fraction, %） shape memory alloy solution treated at 850℃ for 1h followed by ageing treatment at 450℃ for 3h was studied with differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）, X-ray diffractometry（XR...Ti-50.6Ni（molar fraction, %） shape memory alloy solution treated at 850℃ for 1h followed by ageing treatment at 450℃ for 3h was studied with differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）, X-ray diffractometry（XRD） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. DSC measurement reveals two separate transformation peaks. XRD and TEM demonstrate that a three-stage transformation occurs. The Ti3Ni4 precipitates are coherent with the R-phase. The crystal structure of R-phase was analyzed by two diffraction patterns method. The diffraction patterns of R-phase were obtained in detail from the same region.展开更多
移动通信运营商在铁路沿线部署了公众移动通信网络,采用的数字全球通信系统(Global System of Mobile Communication, GSM)原理和制式与铁路全球移动通信系统(Global System of Mobile Communication for Railways, GSM-R)完全相同,对GS...移动通信运营商在铁路沿线部署了公众移动通信网络,采用的数字全球通信系统(Global System of Mobile Communication, GSM)原理和制式与铁路全球移动通信系统(Global System of Mobile Communication for Railways, GSM-R)完全相同,对GSM-R造成了一定干扰。为了对这些干扰源进行定位,提出了一种基于相差变化率的干扰源定位技术。该技术基于二元阵列接收系统,根据阵元与干扰源之间的时空关系,初始以方位角的变化率与干扰源位置建立关系模型,借助微分变形建立了以相差变化率为自变量的干扰源位置求解模型和解算方法。为了避免采集数据中的异常样本对最终的定位结果产生影响,设计了一种基于孤立森林的异常样本过滤算法,利用数据点自身的特征属性构建多维特征空间实现异常数据点的检测和消除。搭建实景环境对铁路沿线无线电数据进行采集并开展数据分析工作,结果表明所提基于孤立森林的异常样本过滤算法能够有效剔除异常数据,提高整体样本的质量。使用相同的已知位置干扰源无线采集数据开展与基于频差变化率的定位方法和基于振幅变化率的定位方法的定位能力对比试验,统计不同方法对于每个干扰源的最小定位误差,结果表明基于频差和振幅变化率定位方法的平均定位误差分别是所提方法的7.18、20.73倍,证明了所提方法的定位精度显著优于基于频差变化率的定位方法和基于振幅变化率的定位方法,具有较高的定位精度。展开更多
作为有源相控阵天线阵面的核心部件,收发组件在整个有源天线阵面中的成本占比最高,因此如何降低收发组件的成本是设计天线阵面需要着重考虑的问题。与多芯片收发组件中常用的低温共烧陶瓷(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic,LTCC)多层...作为有源相控阵天线阵面的核心部件,收发组件在整个有源天线阵面中的成本占比最高,因此如何降低收发组件的成本是设计天线阵面需要着重考虑的问题。与多芯片收发组件中常用的低温共烧陶瓷(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic,LTCC)多层基板相比,多层印制板在成本方面具有很大优势。文中利用混压多层印制板,结合铝合金封装壳体,研制了一款Ku波段四通道低成本收发组件。该收发组件在工作频带内可以实现6位移相和6位幅度衰减,其通道接收增益≥20 dB,通道发射功率≥10 W。文中针对混压多层印制板热膨胀系数高、布线密度低、金丝键合可靠性差等问题,优化了基板叠层方案,研究了高密度互联通孔制作、基板镀层高可靠键合、低成本气密封装等关键工艺技术,有效提升了产品的可靠性,可为低成本混压多层印制板在多芯片组件中的工程化应用提供参考。展开更多
文摘The R-phase transformation process in selected TiNi alloys has been studied in great detail by using in situ TEM technique. The R-phase transformation was found to be a reversible thermoelastic displacive transformation with a nucleation and growth process. The R-phase nucleates at the precipitate/matrix interface in aged specimens and grows by moving the coherent R/matrix interfaces. The stress field of Ti3Ni4 precipitates plays a much more important role in the formation of the R-phase than dislocations in aged TiNi alloy. The microstructure of the R-phase has also been studied.
文摘The precipitation behaviour of Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Cr-W alloys during aging has been ex- perimentally studied.It was found that in the early stage of aging,a metastable R phase pre- cipitated in both alloys,it was transformed into stable μ-phase,Laves-phase,X-phase or σ-phase in the later stages.The crystallographic structure of metastable R-phase is rhombohedral with lattice parameters of a=0.9075 nm and α=74.45°.The chemical compo- sition of R-phase is Fe-(27.5—34.9)Mo-(0—25.5)Cr and Fe-(28.9—33.0)W-(9.36— 21.0)Cr in at.-% in Fe-Cr-Mo and Fe-Cr-W system,respectively.
文摘A high density of {110} shear planes has been observed in the R-phase (Al5CuLi3)following phase transformation from the AlCuLi icosahedral Phase. The Present paper shows that the atomic arrangement in the vicinity of the shear planes can be described as a two-dimensional periodic array of atom clusters with 5-fold symmetry. This result is obtained by projecting along the [1. 618...01] direction of the atomic positions from four adjacent lattice planes that cross the shear plane. The projection reveals that the shear plane consists of pentagonal arrangements of double triacontahedra,each pentagon incorporating 606 atoms. The calculated diffraction pattern from the pentagon has approximate 10-fold symmetry characteristic of a quasicrystal.
文摘Ferritic heat resistant steels involving precipitation of intermetallic phases have drawn a growing interest for the enhancement of creep strength, while the brittleness of the intermetallic phases may lower the toughness of the alloy. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the dispersion characteristics of the intermetallics phase through microstructural control to minimize the trade-off between the strength and toughness. The effects of -Fe matrix substructures on the precipitation sequence, morphology, dispersion characteristics, and the stability of the intermetallic phases are investigated in Fe-Cr-W-Co-Si system. The precipitates of the Si-free Fe-10Cr-l.4W-4.5Co (at%) alloy aged at 873K are the R-phase but those of the Si-added Fe-10Cr-l.4W-4.5Co-0.3Si (at%) alloy are the icosahedral quasicrystalline phase. The precipitates in both the Si-free and Si-added alloys aged at 973K are the Laves phase. Matrix of the alloys is controlled by heat treatments as to provide three types of matrix substructures; ferrite, ferrite/martensite mixture and martensite. The hardening behavior of the alloys depends on the matrix substructures and is independent of the kinds of precipitates. In the alloys with ferrite matrix, the peak of hardness during aging at 873K shifts to longer aging time in comparison with that in the alloys with lath martensite matrix which contain numbers of nucleation sites.
文摘Ti-50.6Ni（molar fraction, %） shape memory alloy solution treated at 850℃ for 1h followed by ageing treatment at 450℃ for 3h was studied with differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）, X-ray diffractometry（XRD） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. DSC measurement reveals two separate transformation peaks. XRD and TEM demonstrate that a three-stage transformation occurs. The Ti3Ni4 precipitates are coherent with the R-phase. The crystal structure of R-phase was analyzed by two diffraction patterns method. The diffraction patterns of R-phase were obtained in detail from the same region.
文摘移动通信运营商在铁路沿线部署了公众移动通信网络,采用的数字全球通信系统(Global System of Mobile Communication, GSM)原理和制式与铁路全球移动通信系统(Global System of Mobile Communication for Railways, GSM-R)完全相同,对GSM-R造成了一定干扰。为了对这些干扰源进行定位,提出了一种基于相差变化率的干扰源定位技术。该技术基于二元阵列接收系统,根据阵元与干扰源之间的时空关系,初始以方位角的变化率与干扰源位置建立关系模型,借助微分变形建立了以相差变化率为自变量的干扰源位置求解模型和解算方法。为了避免采集数据中的异常样本对最终的定位结果产生影响,设计了一种基于孤立森林的异常样本过滤算法,利用数据点自身的特征属性构建多维特征空间实现异常数据点的检测和消除。搭建实景环境对铁路沿线无线电数据进行采集并开展数据分析工作,结果表明所提基于孤立森林的异常样本过滤算法能够有效剔除异常数据,提高整体样本的质量。使用相同的已知位置干扰源无线采集数据开展与基于频差变化率的定位方法和基于振幅变化率的定位方法的定位能力对比试验,统计不同方法对于每个干扰源的最小定位误差,结果表明基于频差和振幅变化率定位方法的平均定位误差分别是所提方法的7.18、20.73倍,证明了所提方法的定位精度显著优于基于频差变化率的定位方法和基于振幅变化率的定位方法,具有较高的定位精度。
