Aiming at solving the problem of high global warming potential of R134 a,a new mixed refrigerant R13 I1/R152 a(molar fraction ratio of 35:65)with no ozone depletion potential and low global warming potential was propo...Aiming at solving the problem of high global warming potential of R134 a,a new mixed refrigerant R13 I1/R152 a(molar fraction ratio of 35:65)with no ozone depletion potential and low global warming potential was proposed as a substitute for R134 a in automotive air conditioning.The computational models for the thermodynamic properties of R13 I1/R152 a were established by using the PR(Peng-Robinson)equation of state combined with the vdW mixing rule.Based on these models,the cycle performance of this working fluid was calculated,which was also compared with that of R134 a and R1234 yf under the different operating conditions.The results show that R13 I1/R152 a is a near azeotropic refrigerant whose temperature glide is approximately 0,and the saturated vapor pressure curve of which is equivalent to that of R134 a.Moreover,compared to R134 a,R13 I1/R152 a has an average 5.7%improvement in coefficient of performance as well as similar volumetric cooling capacity.The average coefficient of performance and volumetric cooling capacity of R13 I1/R152 a are significantly higher than those of R1234 yf by 13.8%and12.0%,respectively.However,the average discharge temperature of R13 I1/R152 a is approximately13.3 K higher than that of R134 a,but it is also within reasonable limits.Hence,the application of the proposed refrigerant R13 I1/R152 a in automotive air conditioning system is technically feasible.展开更多
Objective:Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)is still the principal treatment option for prostate cancer(PCa).In addition to reactivation of androgen receptor signaling,the resistance of PCa to apoptosis during ADT also...Objective:Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)is still the principal treatment option for prostate cancer(PCa).In addition to reactivation of androgen receptor signaling,the resistance of PCa to apoptosis during ADT also contributes to castration resistant PCa(CRPC).A previous study reported that gene transfer of IL-13Rα2 into PCa cells sensitized the cells to the IL-13R-targeted cytotoxin IL13Rα1,leading to apoptosis.Compared with IL-13Rα2,IL13Rα1 is more constitutively expressed in PCa cells,but its function in PCa remains to be established.Methods:We determined the role and expression of IL13Rα1 in PCa cancer cells using western blotting,flow cytometry,and cell proliferation assays.Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were used to identify the proteins that interacted with IL13Rα1,to elucidate its function.Results:In this study,we showed that IL13Rα1 was selectively suppressed in androgen-deprived PCa cells and that its suppression tended to be associated with poor prognoses of PCa patients.IL13Rα1 overexpression promoted apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth under androgen-deprived or castrated conditions(P<0.01).Mechanistically,IL13Rα1 recruited and facilitated ubiquitin protein ligase E3C-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of hexokinase 2(HK2),resulting in glycolytic inhibition and eventually leading to PCa cell apoptosis.Furthermore,our data revealed that mutated ataxia-telangiectasia kinase phosphorylated and facilitated the selective ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of HK2.Notably,IL13Rα1-overexpressing PCa cells were more susceptible to apoptosis and exhibited reduced tumor growth after exposure to the HK2 inhibitor,2-deoxy-D-glucose(P<0.01).Conclusions:Our data identified a tumor suppressor role for IL13Rα1 in preventing the resistance of PCa cells to apoptosis during androgen deprivation by inhibiting glycolysis.IL13Rα1-mediated signaling involving HK2 may therefore provide a novel treatment target and strategy for CRPC.展开更多
Extraction of the soft coral Cladiella similis with 95% ethanol followed by partition between petroleum ether and water, and extensive chromatography on silica gel column eluting with petroleum ether-acetone (9.5:0.5,...Extraction of the soft coral Cladiella similis with 95% ethanol followed by partition between petroleum ether and water, and extensive chromatography on silica gel column eluting with petroleum ether-acetone (9.5:0.5, 9:1 and 8:2) afforded fractions in the part of 8:2 petroleum ether-acetone from which white crystals of a new compound, dadiellisin(1), were展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22068024)。
文摘Aiming at solving the problem of high global warming potential of R134 a,a new mixed refrigerant R13 I1/R152 a(molar fraction ratio of 35:65)with no ozone depletion potential and low global warming potential was proposed as a substitute for R134 a in automotive air conditioning.The computational models for the thermodynamic properties of R13 I1/R152 a were established by using the PR(Peng-Robinson)equation of state combined with the vdW mixing rule.Based on these models,the cycle performance of this working fluid was calculated,which was also compared with that of R134 a and R1234 yf under the different operating conditions.The results show that R13 I1/R152 a is a near azeotropic refrigerant whose temperature glide is approximately 0,and the saturated vapor pressure curve of which is equivalent to that of R134 a.Moreover,compared to R134 a,R13 I1/R152 a has an average 5.7%improvement in coefficient of performance as well as similar volumetric cooling capacity.The average coefficient of performance and volumetric cooling capacity of R13 I1/R152 a are significantly higher than those of R1234 yf by 13.8%and12.0%,respectively.However,the average discharge temperature of R13 I1/R152 a is approximately13.3 K higher than that of R134 a,but it is also within reasonable limits.Hence,the application of the proposed refrigerant R13 I1/R152 a in automotive air conditioning system is technically feasible.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81772760 and 82072850)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant Nos.ZR2020YQ55 and ZR2020QH327),the Shandong Taishan Scholarship(Grant No.tsqn20161076)+1 种基金the Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences(2020)the program for Outstanding PhD candidate of Shandong University(2020)and Academic promotion programme of Shandong First Medical University(LJ001).
文摘Objective:Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)is still the principal treatment option for prostate cancer(PCa).In addition to reactivation of androgen receptor signaling,the resistance of PCa to apoptosis during ADT also contributes to castration resistant PCa(CRPC).A previous study reported that gene transfer of IL-13Rα2 into PCa cells sensitized the cells to the IL-13R-targeted cytotoxin IL13Rα1,leading to apoptosis.Compared with IL-13Rα2,IL13Rα1 is more constitutively expressed in PCa cells,but its function in PCa remains to be established.Methods:We determined the role and expression of IL13Rα1 in PCa cancer cells using western blotting,flow cytometry,and cell proliferation assays.Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were used to identify the proteins that interacted with IL13Rα1,to elucidate its function.Results:In this study,we showed that IL13Rα1 was selectively suppressed in androgen-deprived PCa cells and that its suppression tended to be associated with poor prognoses of PCa patients.IL13Rα1 overexpression promoted apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth under androgen-deprived or castrated conditions(P<0.01).Mechanistically,IL13Rα1 recruited and facilitated ubiquitin protein ligase E3C-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of hexokinase 2(HK2),resulting in glycolytic inhibition and eventually leading to PCa cell apoptosis.Furthermore,our data revealed that mutated ataxia-telangiectasia kinase phosphorylated and facilitated the selective ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of HK2.Notably,IL13Rα1-overexpressing PCa cells were more susceptible to apoptosis and exhibited reduced tumor growth after exposure to the HK2 inhibitor,2-deoxy-D-glucose(P<0.01).Conclusions:Our data identified a tumor suppressor role for IL13Rα1 in preventing the resistance of PCa cells to apoptosis during androgen deprivation by inhibiting glycolysis.IL13Rα1-mediated signaling involving HK2 may therefore provide a novel treatment target and strategy for CRPC.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaLaboratory of Phytochemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica
文摘Extraction of the soft coral Cladiella similis with 95% ethanol followed by partition between petroleum ether and water, and extensive chromatography on silica gel column eluting with petroleum ether-acetone (9.5:0.5, 9:1 and 8:2) afforded fractions in the part of 8:2 petroleum ether-acetone from which white crystals of a new compound, dadiellisin(1), were
