Simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy for esophageal cancer:A feasibility study

AIM: To establish the feasibility of simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy (SMART) in esophageal cancer (EC).

EFFECTS OF SOLAR UV RADIATION ON THE MINOR CONSTITUENTS IN THE MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE(Abstract)

Although solar UV radiation contains only about 1％ of the total irradiance,it hasa large variation with solar activity.The measurements in the 21th solar cycle show thatthe variation in 200um region is about 6％ during a solar flare and it can reach 40％ inLyman line,even it can increase by 150％ over 11-year solar cycle.Due to the fact

Chinese herbal protocol anti-fibrosis 1 improves radiation induced fibrosis and its related dysfunctions

Objective: Radiotherapy is the main modality for treatment of malignancies, but radiation fibrosis is a severe side effect of radiotherapy which may cause severe dysfunction of patients. We design a new tr aditional Chinese her bal pr otocol, which is named as Anti-fibrosis 1, and use it in patients with severe radiation fibrosis. Methods: From Feb 2013 to Feb 2014, 23 patients with severe radiation fibrosis and apparent dysfunction were treated with anti-fib rosis 1. The re were 7 pa ti ents with nasopharyngeal car cinoma, 7 with oral cavity and oral pharyngeal carcinoma, 2 with pharyngeal carcinoma, 2 with breast carcinoma, 2 with esophageal carcinoma and 3 patients with pelvic malignancies. All patients received radiothe rapy at least 0.5-8 years ago, and 22 pa ti ents with complete response, but all patients suffered with severe radiation fibrosis. The radiation dosage was among 50-74Gy/25-37f/35-70d. Patients status of fibrosis and recovery of tissue and organ were evaluated after 0.5, 1.5 and 3 months of herbal treatment. Results: 22 of 23 patients were head and neck car cinoma, 20 pati ents had got par tial r elief afte r 15 days medication with anti-fib rosis 1, nea rly all pa ti ents had got appa rent r elief afte r 1.5 month of medication. But, there was no apparent difference between 1.5 month and 3 months group. There were no apparent side effects after the herbal treatment. Conclusions: The traditional Chinese herbal protocol anti-fibrosis 1 is an effective and safe modality for radiation fibrosis. And the apparent effect occurred after 1.5 month of herbal medication.

Transition from radiatively inefficient to cooling dominated phase in two temperature accretion disks around black holes

We investigate the transition of a radiatively inefficient phase of a viscous two temperature accreting flow to a cooling dominated phase and vice versa around black holes. Based on a global sub-Keplerian accretion disk model in steady state, including explicit cooling processes self-consistently, we show that general advective accretion flow passes through various phases during its infall towards a black hole. Bremsstrahlung, syn- chrotron and inverse Comptonization of soft photons are considered as possible cooling mechanisms. Hence the flow governs a much lower electron temperature ～10^8 - 10^9.5 K compared to the hot protons of temperature ～10^10.2 - 10^11.8 K in the range of the accretion rate in Eddington units 0.01≤M≤ 100. Therefore, the solutions may potentially explain the hard X-rays and the γ-rays emitted from AGNs and X-ray binaries. We finally compare the solutions for two different regimes of viscosity and conclude that a weakly viscous flow is expected to be cooling dominated compared to its highly viscous counterpart which is radiatively inefficient. The flow is successfully able to reproduce the observed luminosities of the under-fed AGNs and quasars （e.g. Sgr A＊）, ultra-luminous X-ray sources （e.g. SS433）, as well as the highly luminous AGNs and ultra-luminous quasars （e.g. PKS 0743-67） at different combinations of the mass accretion rate and ratio of specific heats.

GE256排冠状动脉CT血管成像中常规呼吸训练与特殊呼吸训练对质控影响的探讨

目的:研究GE256排Revolution冠状动脉CT血管成像(coronary computed tomography angiography,CCTA)中患者常规训练呼吸与特殊训练呼吸对心率、图像质量和辐射剂量的影响。方法:应用前瞻性心电门控技术扫描,结合冠状动脉追踪冻结技术(SSF)行CCTA检查。共纳入108例患者,分为两组,A组54例患者采取特殊训练呼吸训练方式,B组54例患者行常规训练呼吸,对两组的心率、图像质量、辐射剂量进行统计学分析。结果:A组患者心率慢于B组(P<0.05,t=2.14);A组患者的3支冠状动脉主干(右冠状动脉,左前降支,左回旋支)图像质量显著优于B组(Fisher's exact P=0.010);两组之间的辐射剂量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在GE256排Revolution CCTA检查中,特殊呼吸训练在提高CCTA图像质量方面具有重要价值。

Radiative forcing over China due to albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990-2010

Land cover change affects surface radiation budget and energy balance by chang- ing surface albedo and further impacts the regional and global climate. In this article, high spatial and temporal resolution satellite products were used to analyze the driving mechanism for surface albedo change caused by land cover change during 1990-2010. In addition, the annual-scale radiative forcing caused by surface albedo changes in China＇s 50 ecological regions were calculated to reveal the biophysical mechanisms of land cover change affecting climate change at regional scale. Our results showed that the national land cover changes were mainly caused by land reclamation, grassland desertification and urbanization in past 20 years, which were almost induced by anthropogenic activities. Grassland and forest area decreased by 0.60% and 0.11%, respectively. The area of urban and farmland increased by 0.60% and 0.19%, respectively. The mean radiative forcing caused by land cover changes during 1990-2010 was 0.062 W/m2 in China, indicating a warming climate effect. However, spatial heterogeneity of radiative forcing was huge among different ecological regions. Farmland conversing to urban construction land, the main type of land cover change for the urban and suburban agricultural ecological region in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region, caused an albedo reduction by 0.00456 and a maximum positive radiative forcing of 0.863 WIm2, which was presented as warming climate effects. Grassland and forest conversing to farmland, the main type of land cover change for the temperate humid agricultural and wetland ecological region in Sanjiang Plain, caused an albedo increase by 0.00152 and a maximum negative radiative forcing of 0.184 W/m2, implying cooling climate effects.

Analysis of radiation heat transfer and temperature distribu- tions of solar thermochemical reactor for syngas production

This paper investigated radiation heat transfer and temperature distributions of solar thermochemical reactor for syngas production using the finite volume discrete ordinate method （fvDOM） and P1 approximation for radiation heat transfer. Different parameters including absorptivity, emissivity, reflection based radiation scatter- ing, and carrier gas flow inlet velocity that would greatly affect the reactor thermal performance were sufficiently investigated. The fvDOM approximation was used to obtain the radiation intensity distribution along the reactor. The drop in the temperature resulted from the radiation scattering was further investigated using the P1 approx- imation. The results indicated that the reactor temperature difference between the P1 approximation and the fvDOM radiation model was very close under different operating conditions. However, a big temperature difference which increased with an increase in the radiation emissivity due to the thermal non-equilibrium was observed in the radiation inlet region. It was found that the incident radiation flux distribution had a strong impact on the temperature distribution throughout the reactor. This paper revealed that the temperature drop caused by the boundary radiation heat loss should not be neglected for the thermal performance analysis of solar thermochemical reactor.

基于大科学装置的纳米生物效应研究进展

纳米生物效应是指纳米尺度物质与生命体系的相互作用情况。大科学装置也称大科学设施,是指需通过较大规模投入和工程建设来完成、建成后通过长期的稳定运行和持续的科学技术活动而实现重要科学技术目标的大型设施。大科学装置可为纳米生物效应研究提供重要工具。基于大科学装置的相关技术在时间分辨率、空间分辨率、测定通量和原位分析方面具有独特优势,可为纳米生物效应研究提供前沿分析方法。该文介绍了基于大科学装置的相关技术在纳米生物效应研究中的最新进展,着重总结了基于同步辐射装置、自由电子激光装置和中子源等相关技术在纳米生物效应研究中的应用进展,特别是纳米材料表征、纳米材料在生物体内的分布与转化以及纳米材料与生物分子的相互作用研究等。此外,也对利用新一代大科学装置开展纳米生物效应研究进行了展望。

大连梭鱼湾专业足球场罩棚索结构设计

针对似浪花状造型的大连梭鱼湾专业足球场索膜罩棚,提出并设计了一种轮辐式上斜交下径向的双层索网结构。索桁架外侧支承于钢压环,内侧设置索拉环。依据风洞试验和风致雪漂移数值模拟报告,对罩棚结构进行抗风雪、抗温度作用、抗震等计算分析,并对罩棚结构进行初始态找形分析、动力特性分析、结构变形及应力分析、结构整体稳定分析、防连续倒塌分析以及关键节点有限元分析研究。分析结果均满足结构设计控制指标要求,结构设计契合建筑设计理念,结构与建筑协调统一,结构安全、经济、合理。

STUDIES ON THE RESPONSE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION TO THE CONTENT OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN SOYBEANS AND THE SUB-MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF SOYBEAN CELLS

This note presents results of a research for the effect of electromagnetic radia- tion to the growth of soybeans. The result has proved the fact that intensive and high energy electromagnetic radiation changes soybeans’ capacity to absorb trace ele-

STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF SOFT X-RAY RADIATION DAMAGE OF GLYCINE BY XPS

The study on the radiation damage of organism is one of important subjects in btoscience. To erplain the complex damage mechanism on a molecular level, it is reasonable approach to investigate first the simple molecule, e.g. amino acids. The damage of amino acids by high energy radia-

RESISTANCE OF THE DEUTERATED YEAST TO THE RADIATION OF FAST NEUTRONS

The relative biological effect of the fast neutron is far greater than 1, thus a neutron bomb can kill the living beings through its strong neutron radiation. Theoretically, if the protium composition is substituted by deuterium, an organism could resist neutron radiationt. In this experiment, a brewe’s yeast (Saccharomyces carls-

基于质谱成像可视化表征甘草饮片主要化学成分组织分布

目的:通过解吸电喷雾电离质谱成像(DESI-MSI)对甘草饮片的主要化学成分进行可视化表征。方法:DESI与Q-TOF/MS相结合,以获得质荷比和空间的高分辨率成像,在负离子模式下以100μm的空间分辨率对饮片进行成像,并根据其精确质量对其化学成分进行定位和鉴定。结果:在误差小于5 ppm下,共鉴定出28种化学成分,其中包含黄酮类22种,三萜类5种,其他类1种,并对其分布进行了成像分析。结论:采用DESI-MSI对甘草饮片进行分析,提供了甘草黄酮类和皂苷类化合物的生物合成途径重要信息,将空间分辨的化学信息与微观层面的形态细节相结合。该技术提供了一种能够对植物组织中的代谢物进行高通量分析并表征的方案。

引气结构对二元塞式喷管冷却和红外辐射特性的影响

为降低加力状态下二元塞锥表面温度和喷管红外辐射强度,对塞锥进行冷却结构设计。采用数值模拟的方法对比分析了引气结构、冷却通道高度和冷气入口总压比对塞锥冷却和喷管红外辐射特性的影响。结果表明:塞锥冷却后其表面温度和喷管红外辐射强度显著降低;引气腔内无冲击板时,引气角度的改变引起射流核心区位置的变化,造成塞锥头部和前缘展向温度分布差异明显,引气角度为90°时塞锥表面最高温度要比30°和60°的模型高50K;加装冲击板后,冷却通道内的流量分配和塞锥前缘的展向温度分布得到有效改善、塞锥头部的换热得以增强,但同时会引起较大的总压损失,因此相同入口总压比下,加装冲击板后冷却流量降低、塞锥外表面温度升高;随着冷却通道高度增大,冷气流量增加、流速降低,故存在一个最佳通道高度使得塞锥冷却效果最好;以塞锥无冷却为基准,入口总压比为1.0~1.8时,塞锥外表面最高温度降低了470~590K,0°探测角上红外辐射强度降低了25%~33%。

柴胡饮片中非药用部位地上茎限量控制方法研究

目的:采用HPLC法建立柴胡饮片中地上茎杂质超标的检测方法。方法:选用SVEA 5μm C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈(A)-0.1%磷酸溶液(B),进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min;进样量:10μL,检测波长330 nm,柱温:25℃。结果:3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸对照品回归方程r和线性范围均符合要求,其线性关系良好;精密度、稳定性、重复性的RSD分别为0.06%、1.4%、1.0%,表明仪器精密度、稳定性、重复性良好。结论:该方法稳定可靠,分离度、重复性较好,可应用于柴胡饮片中地上茎杂质超标的检测方法。

热辐射的破坏准则和池火灾的破坏半径

热辐射破坏是发生在开放气环境中的池火灾的主要破坏机理。本文讨论了热辐射的破坏准则，提出预测池火灾破坏半径的方法，进行了数值模拟计算。

长壁孤岛工作面煤岩冲击危险性区域多参量预测

以开滦集团唐山矿某孤岛工作面地质条件为背景,通过巷道表面位移、顶板离层、工作面回采过程中的电磁辐射等现场监测结果分析了巷道顶板受工作面动压影响剧烈的范围,确定了孤岛工作面发生冲击失稳的危险区域。监测结果显示:孤岛工作面顶板在距离工作面前方30 m时开始受采动影响频繁,当到达工作面前方10 m范围内时,顶板活动加剧,直至顶板垮落。顶板大面积来压和剧烈的顶板活动是本文作为孤岛工作面冲击地压发生的前兆,由此可确定在工作面前方7.5～10.0 m是孤岛工作面最容易发生冲击失稳的区域。

国家同步辐射实验室感生放射性的测量和分析

感生放射性是工作人员在屏蔽良好的高能加速器工作环境下所受外照射的首要来源。本文介绍了在电子加速器上所生成的主要感生放射性核素的种类、饱和度和寿命，对感生辐射场及能谱进行了测量，对测得的感生放射性数据及能谱图进行了分析与讨论。

甘肃河西太阳能光伏组件最佳倾角及辐射量研究

利用民勤气象站和敦煌气象站1963—1992年太阳总辐射量、水平面直接辐射量和水平面散射辐射量及其他气象条件的观测数据,采用斜面总辐射量计算公式、RETScreen软件、PVsyst软件方法,对河西两座光伏电站所在地区太阳能光伏组件最佳倾角及其光伏阵列面的辐射量数值变化进行模拟计算。结果表明：3种估算方法对河西两座光伏电站的计算结果虽然略有差异,但各月变化整体趋势一致,全年可接收到的斜面总辐射量1号光伏发电站为7 590MJ/m2,2号光伏发电站为8 454MJ/m2;各月调节至最佳倾角与全年固定倾角相比,夏、冬季节接收到的斜面总辐射量明显提高,春、秋季节的变化不大,全年接收到的斜面总辐射量提高6.0%~9.1%;对比两电站太阳能辐射转化率,发现两电站对接收到的太阳能辐射转化为电量的转化率差异较大,1号光伏发电站转化率为82.2%,2号光伏发电站转化率为65.3%,电站对接收到的辐射量转化效率对电站发电量影响较大。研究结果可为太阳能资源的合理开发利用提供参考依据。