Hysteretic behavior of post-tensioned precast segmental CFT double-column piers

Considering the desirable behavior of concrete filled steel tube(CFT)columns and the complicated behavior of segmental double-column piers under cyclic loads,three post-tensioned precast segmental CFT double-column pier specimens were tested to extend their application in moderate and high seismicity areas.The effects of the number of CFT segments and the steel endplates as energy dissipaters on the seismic behavior of the piers were evaluated.The experimental results show that the segmental piers exhibited stable hysteretic behavior with small residual displacements under cyclic loads.All the tested specimens achieved a drift ratio no less than 13%without significant damage and strength deterioration due to the desirable behavior of CFT columns.Since the deformation of segmental columns was mainly concentrated at the column-footing interfaces,the increase of the segment numbers for each column had no obvious effects on the loading capacity but reduced the initial stiffness of the specimens.The use of steel endplates improved the bearing capacity,stiffness and energy dissipation of segmental piers,but weakened their self-centering capacity.Fiber models were also proposed to simulate the hysteretic behavior of the tested specimens,and the influences of segment numbers and prestress levels on seismic behavior were further studied.

纤维织物增强高延性混凝土加固RC短柱抗剪性能试验研究

为研究纤维织物增强高延性混凝土(TR-HDC)加固钢筋混凝土短柱的抗剪性能,设计了6根钢筋混凝土柱,包括2个对比柱和4个TR-HDC加固柱.通过低周反复荷载试验,对比分析剪跨比、纤维织物层数对试件破坏形态、变形、承载力和耗能能力的影响.结果表明:采用TR-HDC加固钢筋混凝土短柱,可显著提高其抗剪承载力;TR-HDC与原混凝土柱协同工作性能良好,加固后的混凝土柱的变形、承载力和耗能能力明显提高;增加纤维织物的层数对钢筋混凝土短柱的抗剪承载力提高幅度较小,但可大幅增强柱的耗能和变形能力;剪跨比较大时,更有利于发挥TR-HDC加固材料的力学性能.基于桁架-拱模型,提出TR-HDC加固钢筋混凝土短柱的抗剪承载力计算方法,计算结果较准确.

基于新的改进Bouc-Wen模型的预制RC桥墩滞回模型研究

Bouc-Wen-Baber-Noori(BWBN)模型是改进的Bouc-Wen模型。BWBN模型可以较好地描述钢筋混凝土结构在强震作用下的捏缩效应,但由于BWBN模型中“捏缩效应”函数复杂且参数较多,其计算效率较低。针对该问题,该文基于近似狄拉克δ函数构建更简单、高效的“捏缩效应”函数,进而提出了新的改进Bouc-Wen(MBW)模型,它可以用更少的参数来实现捏缩效应。基于预制RC桥墩的拟静力试验数据来验证MBW模型的有效性,利用MATLAB遗传算法工具箱对BWBN模型和MBW模型进行参数识别,结果表明,该文提出的MBW模型具有更高的计算精度。

功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构研究进展

钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁(RCS)混合框架结构以其结合了混凝土优异的抗压性能及钢材优异的抗弯性能而受到广泛关注,而可恢复功能结构以其震后快速恢复使用功能的能力,也成为地震工程界研究的新热点。功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构可以在弯矩较大的梁端和柱脚部位设置可更换构件,实现结构的功能可恢复能力。文中简述了近年来功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构研究进展,重点关注各类型功能可恢复钢梁、功能可恢复摇摆柱脚的构造研究,介绍了功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构性能分析研究进展。最后,对功能可恢复RCS混合框架结构仍需深入研究的问题进行了展望。

CFRP板纵向加固RC柱在水平低周循环荷载下的力学性能研究与应用

开发了一种纵向粘贴CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer,碳纤维增强复合材料)板的RC(Reinforced Concrete,钢筋混凝土)柱抗弯加固系统,该加固系统由纵向粘贴在柱表面的预制CFRP板和防止柱底CFRP板脱粘的混凝土加厚层组成.为研究纵向粘贴CFRP板对RC柱的抗弯性能影响,设计并开展了5根足尺矩形RC柱的水平低周循环加载试验.研究结果表明:粘贴CFRP板加固能有效延缓柱的开裂;柱的破坏模式得到明显改善;相较于未加固柱子,粘贴1层CFRP板和2层CFRP板加固的RC柱极限承载力分别提高了15.1%和17.4%;加固后柱的抗弯承载力和刚度得到提高,但增加CFRP板的层数对极限强度和刚度没有显著影响,反而会降低柱的延性,相较于仅采用增大柱底截面的方式加固的对照柱,粘贴1层CFRP板和2层CFRP板加固的试验柱的延性系数分别降低16.2%和35.1%;试验过程中,由于柱与基础节点承载力的限制,CFRP的最大应变仅达到极限应变的24%,抗拉强度未得到充分发挥.该加固方法已在某医院加固工程中得到应用,跟踪研究表明,加固后柱子的抗弯承载力有明显提升,加固方法得到工程业界的认可.

带非对称摩擦连接的RCS梁柱节点抗震性能与构造参数研究

基于非对称摩擦连接(AFC)的耗能特点,提出了一种新型的钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁(RCS)梁柱节点,对3组采用AFC连接的RCS梁柱节点进行往复加载试验,考虑了螺栓预紧力、摩擦垫片材料等构造因素对节点抗震性能的影响.结果表明:3组带摩擦连接RCS试件均为梁铰机制破坏,满足“强节点,弱构件”的抗震设计要求;3组试件的滞回曲线具有明显的双平台耗能,滞回曲线饱满稳定,有利于实现两阶抗震设防目标;耐磨钢材料与黄铜材料的两组试件的承载力相近,滞回曲线特征相似,都具有良好的耗能能力;随着螺栓预紧力的增加,试件获得的承载力、刚度也随之大,耗能能力得到了提升,在实际应用中,可通过合理控制预紧力来满足预期所需的滑移荷载与耗能能力.

Experimental research and finite element analysis of bridge piers failed in flexure-shear modes

In recent earthquakes, a large number of reinforced concrete （RC） bridges were severely damaged due to mixed flexure-shear failure modes of the bridge piers. An integrated experimental and finite element （FE） analysis study is described in this paper to study the seismic performance of the bridge piers that failed in flexure-shear modes. In the first part, a nonlinear cyclic loading test on six RC bridge piers with circular cross sections is carried out experimentally. The damage states, ductility and energy dissipation parameters, stiffness degradation and shear strength of the piers are studied and compared with each other. The experimental results suggest that all the piers exhibit stable flexural response at displacement ductilities up to four before exhibiting brittle shear failure. The ultimate performance of the piers is dominated by shear capacity due to significant shear cracking, and in some cases, rupturing of spiral bars. In the second part, modeling approaches describing the hysteretic behavior of the piers are investigated by using ANSYS software. A set of models with different parameters is selected and evaluated through comparison with experimental results. The influences of the shear retention coefficients between concrete cracks, the Bauschinger effect in longitudinal reinforcement, the bond-slip relationship between the longitudinal reinforcement and the concrete and the concrete failure surface on the simulated hysteretic curves are discussed. Then, a modified analysis model is presented and its accuracy is verified by comparing the simulated results with experimental ones. This research uses models available in commercial FE codes and is intended for researchers and engineers interested in using ANSYS software to predict the hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete structures.

Comparative efficiency analysis of different nonlinear modelling strategies to simulate the biaxial response of RC columns

The performance of different nonlinear modelling strategies to simulate the response of RC columns subjected to axial load combined with cyclic biaxial horizontal loading is compared. The models studied are classified into two categories according to the nonlinearity distribution assumed in the elements： lumped-plasticity and distributed inelasticity. For this study, results of tests on 24 columns subjected to cyclic uniaxial and biaxial lateral displacements were numerically reproduced. The analyses show that the global envelope response is satisfactorily represented with the three modelling strategies, but significant differences were found in the strength degradation for higher drift demands and energy dissipation.

The Behavior of Rectangular and Circular Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Biaxial Multiple Excitation

The aim of this study is to investigate the dynamic performance of rectangular and circular reinforced concrete(RC)columns considering biaxial multiple excitations.For this purpose,an advanced nonlinear finite element model which can simulate various features of cyclic degradation in material and structural components is used.The implemented nonlinear fiber beam-column model accounts for inelastic buckling and low-cycle fatigue degradation of longitudinal reinforcement and can simulate multiple failure modes of RC columns under dynamic loading.Hypothetical rectangular and circular columns are used to investigate the failure modes of RC columns.A detailed ground motion selection is implemented to generate real mainshock and aftershocks.It was found that multiple excitations due to aftershock has the potential of increasing the damage of the RC columns and longitudinal reinforcements are significantly affected low-cycle fatigue.Also,it was found that rectangular column is more sensitive to accumulative damage due to cyclic fatigue.This study increases the accuracy of structural analysis of RC columns and consequently improves understanding the failure modes of RC columns with different cross-sectional shapes.

Experimental investigation on dynamic response and damage models of circular RC columns subjected to underwater explosions

Reinforced concrete(RC) columns are widely used as supporting structures for high-piled wharfs.The study of damage model of a RC column due to underwater explosion is a critical issue to assess the wharfs antiknock security.In this study,the dynamic response and damage model of circular RC columns subjected to underwater explosions were investigated by means of scaled-down experiment models.Experiments were carried out in a 10.0 m diameter tank with the water depth of 2.25 m,under different explosive quantities(0.025 kg-1.6 kg),stand-off distances(0.0 m-7.0 m),and detonation depths(0.25 m-2.0 m).The shock wave load and dynamic response of experiment models were measured by configuring sensors of pressure,acceleration,strain,and displacement.Then,the load distribution characteristics,time history of test data,and damage models related to present conditions were obtained and discussed.Three damage models,including bending failure,bending-shear failure and punching failure,were identified.In addition,the experie nce model of shock wave loads on the surface of a RC column was proposed for engineering application.

经验知识监督的RC墩柱力学性能神经网络分析方法

基于试验或数值模拟的单一墩柱力学性能分析方法难以兼顾计算精度和效率,纯数据驱动的分析方法存在可解释性差和对数据依赖性强等问题。为此,本文通过研究钢筋混凝土(RC)墩柱力学性能试验数据、经验知识和机器学习的融合机制,提出了经验知识监督的RC墩柱力学性能神经网络(knowledge-guided neural network,KGNN)分析方法。首先,建立了包含761组RC墩柱拟静力试验样本的数据库;随后,基于经验知识分析了RC墩柱主要特征对其力学性能的影响规律,构建了相应的数学表征方法;最后,将RC墩柱试验数据及经验知识融入人工神经网络架构和训练过程,建立了高精度、可解释、可通用且不依赖大量训练数据的RC墩柱力学性能KGNN分析模型。本文提出的KGNN分析方法与纯数据驱动神经网络(BPNN)的结果对比表明:BPNN在测试集上表现更好,在分析墩柱承载力时均方根误差(E)和拟合系数(R^(2))分别为0.070和0.978,KGNN模型的E和R^(2)分别为0.108和0.942;但由于BPNN所预测的墩柱特征对承载力的影响规律与经验知识并不吻合,即未能准确反映墩柱特征与其力学性能间的关系,BPNN模型发生了过拟合;而KGNN方法不仅可以快速准确获得RC墩柱力学性能,且预测规律与经验知识吻合较好,具有更高的可靠性和实用性。因此,融合试验数据与经验知识的神经网络有望成为一种新的RC结构力学性能分析方法。

Experimental study on ductility improvement of reinforced concrete rectangular Columns retrofitted with a new fiber reinforced plastics method

Reinforced concrete （RC） columns lacking adequately detailed transverse reinforcement do not possess the necessary ductility to dissipate seismic energy during a major earthquake without severe strength degradation. In this paper, a new retrofit method, which utilized fiber-reinforced plastics （FRP） confinement mechanism and anchorage of embedded bars, was developed aiming to retrofit non-ductile large RC rectangular columns to prevent the damage of the plastic hinges. Carbon FRP （CFRP） sheets and glass FRP （GFRP） bars were used in this test, and five scaled RC columns were tested to examine the function of this new method for improving the ductility of columns. Responses of columns were examined before and after being retrofitted. Test results indicate that this new composite method can be very effective to improve the anti-seismic behavior of non-ductile RC columns compared with normal CFRP sheets retrofitted column.

考虑结构损伤的CFRP修复RC墩柱地震损伤模型研究

为研究碳纤维材料(CFRP)修复损伤钢筋混凝土(RC)结构遭受地震作用的损伤演化规律,准确量化修复损伤结构状态,进行了10个钢筋混凝土圆墩柱拟静力试验,其中,8个墩柱试件为使用不同CFRP加固方法进行修复的损伤试件.基于试验结果,对8个典型地震损伤模型进行研究分析,引入材料性能折减系数来考虑结构初始损伤,建立了CFRP修复RC墩柱的双参数地震损伤模型,并根据试验现象和改进的损伤模型对钢筋混凝土结构的损伤程度进行量化分析.研究表明:使用典型地震损伤模型计算修复柱的损伤指标时,计算试件破坏时的损伤指标普遍偏大,且同一墩柱模型损伤指数的变化趋势有较大差异,损伤指数发展趋势与试验现象不符;根据试件参数进行非线性回归分析,得到了组合系数与设计参数的经验表达式,建议的损伤模型能够较好模拟CFRP修复加固墩柱的地震损伤演化过程;定义了钢筋混凝土结构损伤的5个等级,并给出5个等级的损伤指标界限值;对中等损伤(0.3<D≤0.6,D为损伤指标)的墩柱结构,建议对结构表面修复平整后使用预应力CFRP加固以达到更好的效果.

RC梁柱节点抗剪机理及承载力计算方法综述

对国内外关于框架结构中梁柱节点抗震性能研究成果进行总结归纳,分析了加载过程中节点的破坏形态及其抗剪机理,总结了典型的梁柱节点抗剪承载力计算模型,并基于各国规范对比了现有的抗剪承载力计算模型的适用性。对比了美国规范ACI 318-19、欧洲规范EC2的抗剪承载力计算的差异,指出了《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010—2010)(2015年版)建议的梁柱节点抗剪承载力计算结果相对保守。建议适量增加节点核心区配箍率,从而提高钢筋与核心区混凝土的粘结性能,减少纵筋的粘结滑移现象。

Finite element analysis of displacements of double pile-column bridge piers at steep slope

In order to study bearing characteristics of bridge pile at steep slope under complex loads in mountians, according to double pile-column bridge piers engineering at steep slope and test models in laboratory, finite element analysis of pile-column bridge piers was carried out using software ADINA under different loadings, such as horizontal loading in the longitudinal direction along bridge, vertical loadings, slope top loadings and complex loadings. The numerical simulation results show that displacements of front pile pier top and back pile pier top are different under horizontal loadings in the longitudinal direction along bridge or vertical loadings, the displacements of front pile pier top are higher than those of back pile pier top, and its difference increases with the increase of loadings. Vertical displacements will also appear under slope top loadings, and displacements of front pier top are higher than those of back pier top too, while its difference reduces with the increase of loadings. Displacements of both front pile pier top and back pile pier top under comlex loading are larger than those under single loading.

纤维编织网增强混凝土(TRC)加固锈蚀RC柱研究进展

钢筋混凝土柱是混凝土结构中最重要的承重构件及抗侧力构件,尤其是滨海环境的混凝土结构,长期处于氯盐环境中的钢筋混凝土柱很容易出现外部混凝土性能劣化、内部钢筋锈蚀等问题。如不进行加固修复处理,将危及整个结构的安全。纤维网增强混凝土(TRC)作为一种新型纤维增强复合材料,应用于锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱的加固,不仅能够提高锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱的力学性能,而且能够有效阻止氯离子对构件的进一步侵蚀。对现阶段TRC加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱研究现状进行梳理,介绍了TRC加固锈蚀钢筋混凝土柱的受压性能和低周反复加载下的抗震性能,并提出了后续研究亟待解决的问题。

钢管混凝土叠合柱-RC梁空间节点耐火性能分析

目的 研究钢管混凝土叠合柱-RC梁空间节点耐火性能,为实际工程提供参考。方法 通过ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立ISO-834标准火灾下钢管混凝土叠合柱-RC梁空间节点的温度场模型和力学模型;在试验与有限元模拟相吻合的基础上,分析此类构件空间节点的温度场分布、破坏模态、变形和内力分布等工作机理。结果 由于梁板的保护作用,节点区温度远低于非节点区;当梁、柱火灾荷载比相同,梁由2根增加至3根、4根时,空间节点耐火极限分别降低了41.58%和43.75%;高温和轴向荷载的共同作用下,内部钢管混凝土承担内力从常温的43.27%增加至180 min的52.9%。结论 钢管混凝土叠合柱-RC梁空间节点具有较好的耐火性能,能够满足实际工程中对耐火性能的要求。

外包约束RC钢管混凝土墩脚震损修复后性能试验研究

针对外包约束RC钢管混凝土桥墩在墩脚外包区以上形成塑性铰的破坏模式,提出了一种植筋并加高外包层的加固方法。开展了4个加固修复后试件的拟静力性能研究,参考试件受损前的滞回性能表现,从破坏模式、滞回特征、水平承载力、耗能能力、刚度退化以及残余位移等方面,评估修复后墩脚的抗震性能。研究表明:所提出的加固方法有效加强了受损外包约束RC钢管混凝土墩脚试件,减轻或避免墩柱钢管的局部屈曲,使得构件损伤从CFST墩柱塑性铰向墩脚外包区底部塑性铰发展;修复后试件在峰值水平承载力、极限变形能力、耗能效率与耗能能力等方面优于原试件;但由于墩脚处初始损伤的存在,修复试件的抗侧刚度显著低于原试件,且存在受损锚固钢筋在低周往复加载下疲劳断裂隐患。

RCS刚接节点组合加固有限元模拟分析

为了研究经过预埋式外包钢板-增大截面加固后柱贯通型RCS节点的承载能力和受力机理,结合实际工程,通过有限元软件ABAQUS对钢箍板-增大截面加固体系进行模拟计算,分析了钢箍板-增大截面加固体系核心区在作为刚接节点与铰接节点两种工况的设计荷载作用下,各部分结构的应力分布、损伤情况和节点转角。计算结果表明,在两种设计工况的作用下,各部分结构均处于弹性阶段,距离屈服强度还有较大盈余,混凝土结构局部出现损伤。

近断层强震作用下城市组合钢板梁桥RC桥墩震后可修复性研究

为研究近断层地震动作用下城市组合钢板梁桥钢筋混凝土(Reinforced Concrete,RC)桥墩的震后可修复性,以8度区、Ⅲ类场地的城市组合钢板梁桥为背景,分析在E2水平近断层地震动作用下RC桥墩的残余位移比。采用正交试验设计方法,按现行规范试设计25座典型三跨连续城市组合钢板梁桥样本,采用验证后的有限元建模方法建立全桥动力模型,分析跨径、桥宽和桥墩长细比对RC桥墩残余位移比的影响。并以样本中某3×35 m三跨连续组合钢板梁桥为研究对象,进行有限元模型参数分析,研究RC桥墩设计参数(轴压比、长细比、纵筋配筋率和体积配箍率)对残余位移比的影响。结果表明:组合钢板梁桥跨径、桥宽和桥墩长细比均对RC桥墩残余位移比有明显影响;RC桥墩残余位移比与轴压比和长细比成正比关系,而与纵筋配筋率和箍筋体积配箍率成反比关系;为提高城市组合钢板梁桥在近断层地震动作用下桥墩的可修复性,建议RC桥墩轴压比不超过10%,长细比不超过8,纵筋配筋率取1.5%~2.0%,箍筋体积配箍率取0.6%~1.2%。