通过对白云鄂博REE-Nb-Fe矿床的航磁及航放成果的分析,结合矿床地质特征进行综合对比研究,发现该矿床具有独特且典型的航磁、航放特征,航磁异常特征显示矿区为强度较高的近东西向条带状正负伴生磁异常特征,是具有较强磁性的矿体与弱磁...通过对白云鄂博REE-Nb-Fe矿床的航磁及航放成果的分析,结合矿床地质特征进行综合对比研究,发现该矿床具有独特且典型的航磁、航放特征,航磁异常特征显示矿区为强度较高的近东西向条带状正负伴生磁异常特征,是具有较强磁性的矿体与弱磁性围岩反映;航磁ΔTmax为5000 n T以上,航磁ΔTmin为-2000 n T,有30余条测线上具有明显正负磁异常发育,呈现多期次异常叠加特征,属于不同期次、不同强度磁性体的反映,说明该矿床经历过多期次构造热事件的叠加、改造活动。该矿床向下延深的规模随深度的变化有逐渐缩小的趋势,当航磁ΔT等值线向上延拓3000 m时,依然表现为较明显的正磁异常特征,这说明该矿床在深部依然存在较明显的矿化现象。另外白云鄂博矿区航放特征具有醒目的总计数率、钾、铀、钍高值晕,它们总体上呈近东西向带状展布。矿区处于航放总计数率高值区,一般为3000-15381 cps,局部为团块状,高值区范围大于矿区范围;钾含量为2.0%-2.8%的偏高值,矿床及附近局部为2.8%-12%的高值;钍含量为26×10^-6-223×10^-6。钍高值晕范围较赋矿的加里东中期第二次侵入的碳酸岩出露的范围要大;铀含量一般为大于1.6×10^-6的偏高值,矿床及附近局部为2.8×10^-6-9.1×10^-6的高值。经综合分析,充分证明该区的航磁、航放特征与矿床信息对应性较强。在今后寻找类似矿床的过程中,可以将航磁正负伴生磁异常信息作为寻找铁多金属矿的有利信息,将放射性核素钾、钍、铀等高值信息做为寻找稀土矿有利信息,对找矿工作具有十分重要的指导意义。展开更多
Bayan Obo ore deposit is the largest rare-earth element（REE） resource,and the second largest niobium（Nb） resource in the world.Due to the complicated element/mineral compositions and involving several geological e...Bayan Obo ore deposit is the largest rare-earth element（REE） resource,and the second largest niobium（Nb） resource in the world.Due to the complicated element/mineral compositions and involving several geological events,the REE enrichment mechanism and genesis of this giant deposit still remains intense debated.The deposit is hosted in the massive dolomite,and nearly one hundred carbonatite dykes occur in the vicinity of the deposit.The carbonatite dykes can be divided into three types from early to late：dolomite,co-existing dolomite-calcite and calcite type,corresponding to different evolutionary stages of carbonatite magmatism based on the REE and trace element data.The latter always has higher REE content.The origin of the ore-hosting dolomite at Bayan Obo has been addressed in various models,ranging from a normal sedimentary carbonate rocks to volcano-sedimentary sequence,and a large carbonatitic intrusion.More geochemical evidences show that the coarse-grained dolomite represents a Mesoproterozoic carbonatite pluton and the fine-grained dolomite resulted from the extensive REE mineralization and modification of the coarse-grained variety.The ore bodies,distributed along an E-W striking belt,occur as large lenses and underwent more intense fluoritization and fenitization.The first episode mineralization is characterized by disseminated mineralization in the dolomite.The second or main-episode is banded and/or massive mineralization,cut by the third episode consisting of aegirinerich veins.Various dating methods gave different mineralization ages at Bayan Obo,resulting in long and hot debates.Compilation of available data suggests that the mineralization is rather variable with two peaks at～1400 and 440 Ma.The early mineralization peak closes in time to the intrusion of the carbonatite dykes.A significant thermal event at ca.440 Ma resulted in the formation of late-stage veins with coarse crystals of REE minerals.Fluids involving in the REE-Nb-Fe mineralization at Bayan Obo might be REE-F-C02-NaCI-H20 system.The presence of REE-carbonates as an abundant solid in the ores shows that the original ore-forming fluids are very rich in REE,and therefore,have the potential to produce economic REE ores at Bayan Obo.the Bayan Obo deposit is a product of mantle-derived carbonatitic magmatism at ca.1400 Ma,which was likely related to the breakup of Columbia.Some remobilization of REE occurred due to subduction of the Palaeo-Asian oceanic plate during the Silurian,forming weak vein-like mineralization.展开更多
Six pyrite samples from the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit are dated by Re-Os technique. Pyrite studied is associated with barite and separated from a vein cutting REE mineralization. Pyrites analyzed contain 16—3...Six pyrite samples from the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit are dated by Re-Os technique. Pyrite studied is associated with barite and separated from a vein cutting REE mineralization. Pyrites analyzed contain 16—30 ng Re and 0.10—0.16 ng Os, and yield a Caledonian isochron age of 439 ± 86 Ma. High Re/Os ratio, low Os concentration and highly radiogenic Os isotopic ratios of these samples suggest that they are of crustal origin. The northern margin of the North China Block was a passive continental margin, but not a subduction zone with enormous volcanic activities in the Early Paleozoic Era. Our Re-Os result provides new evidences, showing that Bayan Obo deposit experienced a thermal disturbance of crustal origin in the Caledonian time and some isotopic systems recorded only the time of the dis- turbance, not the mineralization age.展开更多
文摘通过对白云鄂博REE-Nb-Fe矿床的航磁及航放成果的分析,结合矿床地质特征进行综合对比研究,发现该矿床具有独特且典型的航磁、航放特征,航磁异常特征显示矿区为强度较高的近东西向条带状正负伴生磁异常特征,是具有较强磁性的矿体与弱磁性围岩反映;航磁ΔTmax为5000 n T以上,航磁ΔTmin为-2000 n T,有30余条测线上具有明显正负磁异常发育,呈现多期次异常叠加特征,属于不同期次、不同强度磁性体的反映,说明该矿床经历过多期次构造热事件的叠加、改造活动。该矿床向下延深的规模随深度的变化有逐渐缩小的趋势,当航磁ΔT等值线向上延拓3000 m时,依然表现为较明显的正磁异常特征,这说明该矿床在深部依然存在较明显的矿化现象。另外白云鄂博矿区航放特征具有醒目的总计数率、钾、铀、钍高值晕,它们总体上呈近东西向带状展布。矿区处于航放总计数率高值区,一般为3000-15381 cps,局部为团块状,高值区范围大于矿区范围;钾含量为2.0%-2.8%的偏高值,矿床及附近局部为2.8%-12%的高值;钍含量为26×10^-6-223×10^-6。钍高值晕范围较赋矿的加里东中期第二次侵入的碳酸岩出露的范围要大;铀含量一般为大于1.6×10^-6的偏高值,矿床及附近局部为2.8×10^-6-9.1×10^-6的高值。经综合分析,充分证明该区的航磁、航放特征与矿床信息对应性较强。在今后寻找类似矿床的过程中,可以将航磁正负伴生磁异常信息作为寻找铁多金属矿的有利信息,将放射性核素钾、钍、铀等高值信息做为寻找稀土矿有利信息,对找矿工作具有十分重要的指导意义。
基金financed by Major State Basic Research Development Program(No.2012CB416605)Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41372099)
文摘Bayan Obo ore deposit is the largest rare-earth element（REE） resource,and the second largest niobium（Nb） resource in the world.Due to the complicated element/mineral compositions and involving several geological events,the REE enrichment mechanism and genesis of this giant deposit still remains intense debated.The deposit is hosted in the massive dolomite,and nearly one hundred carbonatite dykes occur in the vicinity of the deposit.The carbonatite dykes can be divided into three types from early to late：dolomite,co-existing dolomite-calcite and calcite type,corresponding to different evolutionary stages of carbonatite magmatism based on the REE and trace element data.The latter always has higher REE content.The origin of the ore-hosting dolomite at Bayan Obo has been addressed in various models,ranging from a normal sedimentary carbonate rocks to volcano-sedimentary sequence,and a large carbonatitic intrusion.More geochemical evidences show that the coarse-grained dolomite represents a Mesoproterozoic carbonatite pluton and the fine-grained dolomite resulted from the extensive REE mineralization and modification of the coarse-grained variety.The ore bodies,distributed along an E-W striking belt,occur as large lenses and underwent more intense fluoritization and fenitization.The first episode mineralization is characterized by disseminated mineralization in the dolomite.The second or main-episode is banded and/or massive mineralization,cut by the third episode consisting of aegirinerich veins.Various dating methods gave different mineralization ages at Bayan Obo,resulting in long and hot debates.Compilation of available data suggests that the mineralization is rather variable with two peaks at～1400 and 440 Ma.The early mineralization peak closes in time to the intrusion of the carbonatite dykes.A significant thermal event at ca.440 Ma resulted in the formation of late-stage veins with coarse crystals of REE minerals.Fluids involving in the REE-Nb-Fe mineralization at Bayan Obo might be REE-F-C02-NaCI-H20 system.The presence of REE-carbonates as an abundant solid in the ores shows that the original ore-forming fluids are very rich in REE,and therefore,have the potential to produce economic REE ores at Bayan Obo.the Bayan Obo deposit is a product of mantle-derived carbonatitic magmatism at ca.1400 Ma,which was likely related to the breakup of Columbia.Some remobilization of REE occurred due to subduction of the Palaeo-Asian oceanic plate during the Silurian,forming weak vein-like mineralization.
文摘Six pyrite samples from the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit are dated by Re-Os technique. Pyrite studied is associated with barite and separated from a vein cutting REE mineralization. Pyrites analyzed contain 16—30 ng Re and 0.10—0.16 ng Os, and yield a Caledonian isochron age of 439 ± 86 Ma. High Re/Os ratio, low Os concentration and highly radiogenic Os isotopic ratios of these samples suggest that they are of crustal origin. The northern margin of the North China Block was a passive continental margin, but not a subduction zone with enormous volcanic activities in the Early Paleozoic Era. Our Re-Os result provides new evidences, showing that Bayan Obo deposit experienced a thermal disturbance of crustal origin in the Caledonian time and some isotopic systems recorded only the time of the dis- turbance, not the mineralization age.
