Objectives This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Suan Zao Ren(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,SZS)extract on insomnia induced by p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)in rats and its influence on the thioredoxin-inte...Objectives This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Suan Zao Ren(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,SZS)extract on insomnia induced by p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)in rats and its influence on the thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding domain Leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing receptor 3(NLRP3)inflammasome pathway,and to preliminarily explore themechanism by which SZS extract improves insomnia.Methods Fifty male Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats were used,with 8 rats in the blank group and 42 rats in the modeling group.The modeling group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of PCPA at a dose of 500mg·kg^(-1) for six consecutive days,with daily cage exchange.After 6 days,40 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into five groups:themodel group(equal volume of distilled water),the positive group(0.75 mg·kg^(-1)),and low-,medium-,and high-dose SZS extract groups(1.5,3,and 6 g·kg^(-1),respectively),with 8 rats in each group.Treatments were administered for seven consecutive days.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in the rat cerebral cortex.The thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method was used to determine malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,and the hydroxylamine method was used to determine superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels.The 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)method was used to measure total antioxidant capacity(TAOC)in the cerebral cortex.Pathological changes in the cerebral cortex were observed,and Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of TXNIP,NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a Caspase activation and recruitment domain(CARD),and cysteine–aspartate-specific protease 1(Caspase-1)in the cerebral cortex.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed a significantly prolonged sleep latency(p<0.001)and a significantly shortened sleep duration(p<0.001).There were no changes in serum MDA and SOD levels.MDA levels in the cerebral cortex were significantly increased(p<0.001),while SOD and TAOC levels were significantly decreased(p<0.001).The 5-HT level was increased(p<0.05),and the GABA level was significantly decreased(p<0.001).SZS extract improved these conditions to varying degrees.Light microscopy showed no significant changes in cortical neurons but transmission electron microscopy revealed intact mitochondrial structures in the blank group,while the model group showed swollen and unclear mitochondria with reduced organelles.After 7 days of treatment,these conditions improved in the SZS extract groups.Compared with the blank group,the expressions of the four proteins in the model group were increased,and the expressions of these proteins were decreased in the SZS extract groups compared with the model group.Conclusion SZS extract may exert an antioxidant effect to treat insomnia by downregulating the expression of TXNIP/NLRP3 proteins and regulating oxidative stress levels in the cerebral cortex.展开更多
Zinc phosphate coating formed on 6061-A1 alloy was studied with the help of electrochemical measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared （FTIR）, and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）, after dipping it in phosphating ...Zinc phosphate coating formed on 6061-A1 alloy was studied with the help of electrochemical measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared （FTIR）, and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）, after dipping it in phosphating solutions containing different concentrations of Rare Earth Nitrate （REN）. REN, which acted as an accelerator in the phosphating solution, could catalyze the surface reaction and accelerate the phosphating process. REN mainly enabled the P in the phosphate coating to exist in the form of PO4^3- and promoted the hydrolysis of phosphatic acid in a liquid layer at the cathodes. This resulted in the evolution of H2 at the cathodes, which increased the local pH value and in turn drove the precipitation of the phosphate coating. Additionally, REN was adsorbed on the surface of the aluminum substrates to form a gel during the phosphating process. These gel particles were good crystal seeds, which helped to form phosphate crystal nuclei and possess the function of a nucleation agent that could decrease the phosphate crystal size. The corrosion resistance of the formed zinc phosphate coatings was improved.展开更多
The auther has treated 100 cases of chronic pelvic inflammation with needling the acupoints of Chong and Ren channels since 1996. Of them, 44 % cases were cured, 33 % markedly effective and 20 % improved. The total ef...The auther has treated 100 cases of chronic pelvic inflammation with needling the acupoints of Chong and Ren channels since 1996. Of them, 44 % cases were cured, 33 % markedly effective and 20 % improved. The total effective rate was 97%. Acupoints of Ren channel selected: Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan(CV 4), Qihai(CV 6) and Yinjiao(CV 7); Crossing acupoints of Chong channel selected: Qixue(KI l3), Siman(KI 14) and Zhongzhu(KI 15). Filiform needles of No. 30, 1. 5 cun were adopted to puncture the above acupoints with the uniform reinforcing-reducing method, and the needles were retained for 30 minutes. At the same time, the moxibustion was applied to the place of retaining needles until the skin flushed.展开更多
With the guidance of reception theory, based on the corpus of James Legge, the LCC and D. C. Lau's versions of Mencius, a comparative study will be conducted on the key philosophical term: Ren. After comparison, r...With the guidance of reception theory, based on the corpus of James Legge, the LCC and D. C. Lau's versions of Mencius, a comparative study will be conducted on the key philosophical term: Ren. After comparison, reasons for the differences will be stated. Targeting at missionaries, James adopted the 19 century old English and strived for faithfulness. Lau's translation work is of high academic value and receives good comments popularly in western sinology circle, being considered as the exemplary work for translating Chinese classics into English. Zhao et al. translated Mencius for modern readers, who might have acquired more knowledge of China and want to learn something about Mencius. Quantitative analysis shows that Ren appears 157 times in Mencius, and"benevolent/benevolence"gains a dominant position in these three versions.展开更多
As one genre of literature,poetry is the elite in both Chinese language and its culture. With its unique characteristics of metrical and form regulations and the beauty of its simplicity and conciseness,Chinese Tang p...As one genre of literature,poetry is the elite in both Chinese language and its culture. With its unique characteristics of metrical and form regulations and the beauty of its simplicity and conciseness,Chinese Tang poetry is one of the brightest pearls in the world literature treasury.Translating as a purposeful activity was originated from the functionalist approaches to translation.From the perspective of functional grammar,this thesis attempts to study two translation versions of Song You Ren written by Li Bai. More emphasis has been put on the similarities and differentiations of the textual analysis. Through the analysis and compari son between the two translation versions,it is found that functional grammar is not only helpful to have a deep understanding of the discourse,but will also throw some light upon the practice of translation.展开更多
Evaluierung der Effektivit t von Poly- L aktide- co- Glykolide (PL CG ) - Mikrosph ren als Em bolisationsm aterial in der transarteriellen Chem oem bolisation(TACE) im tierexperimentellen Modell.Bei m nnlichen ACI-...Evaluierung der Effektivit t von Poly- L aktide- co- Glykolide (PL CG ) - Mikrosph ren als Em bolisationsm aterial in der transarteriellen Chem oem bolisation(TACE) im tierexperimentellen Modell.Bei m nnlichen ACI- Ratten(n=11) erfolgte die Im plantation eines soliden Morris Hepatomas(1m m3) subkapsul r in den linken L eberlappen. 13Tage nach Implan- tation wurden die Tumorvolumina kernspintom ographisch bestim mt.Die Tiere wurden in Thera- piegruppe (n =4 ) und Kontrollgruppe (n=7) geteilt. Nach L aparotomie und retrograder Ka- theterisierung der Arteria gastroduodenalis wurden 4 0 mg PL CG- Mikrosph ren und 0 ,0 5 m g Mit- omycin in Therapiegruppe,1,5 ml 0 ,9% Kochsalzl sung in Kontrollgruppe zum Vergleich angewendet.Zur Effektivit tsbeurteilung der beiden Methoden erfolgte14 Tage nach Katheter- isierung eine erneute kernspintomographische Volumenbestimm ung der Tum oren.Eine deutliche Tumorvolumenzunahme von2 7,12 fache in Kontrollgruppe wurde im Beobachtungszeitraum gese- hen.Im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe zeigte die Therapiegruppe eine sehr geringere Tumorvolu- menzunahme von 2 ,87fache im Beobachtungszeitraum . Die Tum orvolumenzunahm e zwischen der beiden Gruppen zeigten beim T- Test einen signifikanten U nterschied (P<0 ,0 5 ) . Das Wachstum des L ebertum ors wurde unter Einsatz von PL CG- Mikrosph ren in der TACE im tierexperi- mentellen Modell deutlich gehemmt.展开更多
BACKGROUND： The onset of focal cerebral ischemia activates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, regulates cell cycle, promotes cell proliferation and differentiation, and affects the normal stage and funct...BACKGROUND： The onset of focal cerebral ischemia activates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, regulates cell cycle, promotes cell proliferation and differentiation, and affects the normal stage and function of brain cells. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at the Ren channel on extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in the lateral cerebral ventricle wall of rats with focal cerebral ischemia. The effects were analyzed at different time points after intervention. DESIGN： Randomized controlled study. SETTING： Department of Anatomy, Sun Yat-Sen University. MATERIALS： A total of 60 healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing （250±10） g were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, Medical College of Sun Yat-Sen University. The animal experiment was conducted with confirmed consent by the local ethics committee. The GB6805-Ⅱ electric acupuncture apparatus was provided by Shanghai Medical Equipment High-techno Company. METHODS： The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Sun Yat-Sen University, from February to July 2007. All experimental animals were randomly divided into the following groups： normal group （n = 6）, sham operation group （n = 18）, model group （n = 18）, and electroacupuncture group （n = 18）. Middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） was performed in the model group and electroacupuncture group. Zea Longa＇s grading standard was used to assess neurological impairment after reperfusion; animals whose grades were between l and 4 were included in this study. The normal control group was not exposed to MCAO. In sham operation animals, the right common carotid artery （CCA） was isolated, and the external carotid artery （ECA） was damaged, but no embolism was induced. The electroacupuncture group was given acupuncture on the second day after surgery. The acupoint locations were chosen according to Experimental Acupuncture （People＇s Publishing House; 1997; First Edition）. The Chengjiang, Qihai, and Guanyuan acupoints were labeled and connected to a G6805 electroacupuncture apparatus with sparse-dense waves （sparse waves were 30 Hz, dense waves were 100 Hz）, with a frequency of 6-15 V. The duration was 20 minutes. Two days after surgery, the model and sham operation groups were placed with their backs on the operating table, but they received no acupuncture. However, the normal group received acupuncture. The experimental animals under anesthesia were sacrificed on days 7, 14, and 28 post-surgery. Western blot analysis was used to measure expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall. Expression was measured in the normal group at time points corresponding to the sham operation group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall at different time points after intervention. RESULTS： All 60 rats were included in the final analysis, without any loss. Seven days after MCAO, there was no significant difference in extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in the electroacupuncture group compared to the model group （P 〉 0.05）. However, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression significantly increased in the model group at 14 and 28 days after treatment （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Electroacupuncture at the Ren channel can enhance extracellular signal-regulated kinasesl/2 expression in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall of rats with focal cerebral ischemia. However, this effect is not apparent until 14 days after electroacupuncture intervention.展开更多
基金Research on the Mechanism of Suan Zao Ren’s(SZS)Hypnotic Effect Based on TXNIP/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway(2023-ZXFZJJ-JW-071).
文摘Objectives This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Suan Zao Ren(Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,SZS)extract on insomnia induced by p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)in rats and its influence on the thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding domain Leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing receptor 3(NLRP3)inflammasome pathway,and to preliminarily explore themechanism by which SZS extract improves insomnia.Methods Fifty male Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats were used,with 8 rats in the blank group and 42 rats in the modeling group.The modeling group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of PCPA at a dose of 500mg·kg^(-1) for six consecutive days,with daily cage exchange.After 6 days,40 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into five groups:themodel group(equal volume of distilled water),the positive group(0.75 mg·kg^(-1)),and low-,medium-,and high-dose SZS extract groups(1.5,3,and 6 g·kg^(-1),respectively),with 8 rats in each group.Treatments were administered for seven consecutive days.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in the rat cerebral cortex.The thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method was used to determine malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,and the hydroxylamine method was used to determine superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels.The 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)method was used to measure total antioxidant capacity(TAOC)in the cerebral cortex.Pathological changes in the cerebral cortex were observed,and Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of TXNIP,NLRP3,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a Caspase activation and recruitment domain(CARD),and cysteine–aspartate-specific protease 1(Caspase-1)in the cerebral cortex.Results Compared with the blank group,the model group showed a significantly prolonged sleep latency(p<0.001)and a significantly shortened sleep duration(p<0.001).There were no changes in serum MDA and SOD levels.MDA levels in the cerebral cortex were significantly increased(p<0.001),while SOD and TAOC levels were significantly decreased(p<0.001).The 5-HT level was increased(p<0.05),and the GABA level was significantly decreased(p<0.001).SZS extract improved these conditions to varying degrees.Light microscopy showed no significant changes in cortical neurons but transmission electron microscopy revealed intact mitochondrial structures in the blank group,while the model group showed swollen and unclear mitochondria with reduced organelles.After 7 days of treatment,these conditions improved in the SZS extract groups.Compared with the blank group,the expressions of the four proteins in the model group were increased,and the expressions of these proteins were decreased in the SZS extract groups compared with the model group.Conclusion SZS extract may exert an antioxidant effect to treat insomnia by downregulating the expression of TXNIP/NLRP3 proteins and regulating oxidative stress levels in the cerebral cortex.
基金Project supported by the Henan Natural Science Foundation Program (200460178)
文摘Zinc phosphate coating formed on 6061-A1 alloy was studied with the help of electrochemical measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared （FTIR）, and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）, after dipping it in phosphating solutions containing different concentrations of Rare Earth Nitrate （REN）. REN, which acted as an accelerator in the phosphating solution, could catalyze the surface reaction and accelerate the phosphating process. REN mainly enabled the P in the phosphate coating to exist in the form of PO4^3- and promoted the hydrolysis of phosphatic acid in a liquid layer at the cathodes. This resulted in the evolution of H2 at the cathodes, which increased the local pH value and in turn drove the precipitation of the phosphate coating. Additionally, REN was adsorbed on the surface of the aluminum substrates to form a gel during the phosphating process. These gel particles were good crystal seeds, which helped to form phosphate crystal nuclei and possess the function of a nucleation agent that could decrease the phosphate crystal size. The corrosion resistance of the formed zinc phosphate coatings was improved.
文摘The auther has treated 100 cases of chronic pelvic inflammation with needling the acupoints of Chong and Ren channels since 1996. Of them, 44 % cases were cured, 33 % markedly effective and 20 % improved. The total effective rate was 97%. Acupoints of Ren channel selected: Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan(CV 4), Qihai(CV 6) and Yinjiao(CV 7); Crossing acupoints of Chong channel selected: Qixue(KI l3), Siman(KI 14) and Zhongzhu(KI 15). Filiform needles of No. 30, 1. 5 cun were adopted to puncture the above acupoints with the uniform reinforcing-reducing method, and the needles were retained for 30 minutes. At the same time, the moxibustion was applied to the place of retaining needles until the skin flushed.
文摘With the guidance of reception theory, based on the corpus of James Legge, the LCC and D. C. Lau's versions of Mencius, a comparative study will be conducted on the key philosophical term: Ren. After comparison, reasons for the differences will be stated. Targeting at missionaries, James adopted the 19 century old English and strived for faithfulness. Lau's translation work is of high academic value and receives good comments popularly in western sinology circle, being considered as the exemplary work for translating Chinese classics into English. Zhao et al. translated Mencius for modern readers, who might have acquired more knowledge of China and want to learn something about Mencius. Quantitative analysis shows that Ren appears 157 times in Mencius, and"benevolent/benevolence"gains a dominant position in these three versions.
文摘As one genre of literature,poetry is the elite in both Chinese language and its culture. With its unique characteristics of metrical and form regulations and the beauty of its simplicity and conciseness,Chinese Tang poetry is one of the brightest pearls in the world literature treasury.Translating as a purposeful activity was originated from the functionalist approaches to translation.From the perspective of functional grammar,this thesis attempts to study two translation versions of Song You Ren written by Li Bai. More emphasis has been put on the similarities and differentiations of the textual analysis. Through the analysis and compari son between the two translation versions,it is found that functional grammar is not only helpful to have a deep understanding of the discourse,but will also throw some light upon the practice of translation.
文摘Evaluierung der Effektivit t von Poly- L aktide- co- Glykolide (PL CG ) - Mikrosph ren als Em bolisationsm aterial in der transarteriellen Chem oem bolisation(TACE) im tierexperimentellen Modell.Bei m nnlichen ACI- Ratten(n=11) erfolgte die Im plantation eines soliden Morris Hepatomas(1m m3) subkapsul r in den linken L eberlappen. 13Tage nach Implan- tation wurden die Tumorvolumina kernspintom ographisch bestim mt.Die Tiere wurden in Thera- piegruppe (n =4 ) und Kontrollgruppe (n=7) geteilt. Nach L aparotomie und retrograder Ka- theterisierung der Arteria gastroduodenalis wurden 4 0 mg PL CG- Mikrosph ren und 0 ,0 5 m g Mit- omycin in Therapiegruppe,1,5 ml 0 ,9% Kochsalzl sung in Kontrollgruppe zum Vergleich angewendet.Zur Effektivit tsbeurteilung der beiden Methoden erfolgte14 Tage nach Katheter- isierung eine erneute kernspintomographische Volumenbestimm ung der Tum oren.Eine deutliche Tumorvolumenzunahme von2 7,12 fache in Kontrollgruppe wurde im Beobachtungszeitraum gese- hen.Im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe zeigte die Therapiegruppe eine sehr geringere Tumorvolu- menzunahme von 2 ,87fache im Beobachtungszeitraum . Die Tum orvolumenzunahm e zwischen der beiden Gruppen zeigten beim T- Test einen signifikanten U nterschied (P<0 ,0 5 ) . Das Wachstum des L ebertum ors wurde unter Einsatz von PL CG- Mikrosph ren in der TACE im tierexperi- mentellen Modell deutlich gehemmt.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30371808Post-doctor's Project of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.106B3YH0411
文摘BACKGROUND： The onset of focal cerebral ischemia activates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, regulates cell cycle, promotes cell proliferation and differentiation, and affects the normal stage and function of brain cells. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at the Ren channel on extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in the lateral cerebral ventricle wall of rats with focal cerebral ischemia. The effects were analyzed at different time points after intervention. DESIGN： Randomized controlled study. SETTING： Department of Anatomy, Sun Yat-Sen University. MATERIALS： A total of 60 healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing （250±10） g were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, Medical College of Sun Yat-Sen University. The animal experiment was conducted with confirmed consent by the local ethics committee. The GB6805-Ⅱ electric acupuncture apparatus was provided by Shanghai Medical Equipment High-techno Company. METHODS： The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Sun Yat-Sen University, from February to July 2007. All experimental animals were randomly divided into the following groups： normal group （n = 6）, sham operation group （n = 18）, model group （n = 18）, and electroacupuncture group （n = 18）. Middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） was performed in the model group and electroacupuncture group. Zea Longa＇s grading standard was used to assess neurological impairment after reperfusion; animals whose grades were between l and 4 were included in this study. The normal control group was not exposed to MCAO. In sham operation animals, the right common carotid artery （CCA） was isolated, and the external carotid artery （ECA） was damaged, but no embolism was induced. The electroacupuncture group was given acupuncture on the second day after surgery. The acupoint locations were chosen according to Experimental Acupuncture （People＇s Publishing House; 1997; First Edition）. The Chengjiang, Qihai, and Guanyuan acupoints were labeled and connected to a G6805 electroacupuncture apparatus with sparse-dense waves （sparse waves were 30 Hz, dense waves were 100 Hz）, with a frequency of 6-15 V. The duration was 20 minutes. Two days after surgery, the model and sham operation groups were placed with their backs on the operating table, but they received no acupuncture. However, the normal group received acupuncture. The experimental animals under anesthesia were sacrificed on days 7, 14, and 28 post-surgery. Western blot analysis was used to measure expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall. Expression was measured in the normal group at time points corresponding to the sham operation group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall at different time points after intervention. RESULTS： All 60 rats were included in the final analysis, without any loss. Seven days after MCAO, there was no significant difference in extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in the electroacupuncture group compared to the model group （P 〉 0.05）. However, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression significantly increased in the model group at 14 and 28 days after treatment （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Electroacupuncture at the Ren channel can enhance extracellular signal-regulated kinasesl/2 expression in the inferior region of the lateral cerebral ventricle wall of rats with focal cerebral ischemia. However, this effect is not apparent until 14 days after electroacupuncture intervention.
