We consider the space X of all analytic functionsof two complex variables s1 and s2, equipping it with the natural locally convex topology and using the growth parameter, the order of f as defined recently by the auth...We consider the space X of all analytic functionsof two complex variables s1 and s2, equipping it with the natural locally convex topology and using the growth parameter, the order of f as defined recently by the authors. Under this topology X becomes a Frechet space Apart from finding the characterization of continuous linear functionals, linear transformation on X, we have obtained the necessary and sufficient conditions for a double sequence in X to be a proper bases.展开更多
Traditional villages are cultural heritage sites representing stages of historical development,with unique regional cultural characteristics and significant cultural values,and their preservation should focus on integ...Traditional villages are cultural heritage sites representing stages of historical development,with unique regional cultural characteristics and significant cultural values,and their preservation should focus on integrity,authenticity,and egrity,au continuity,The protection and development of traditional villages should be guided by a scientifically sound approach.Post-disaster reconstruction is a topic of global concen,and trnditional villages,with their special heritage nttributes,face additional demands and obstacles in post-disaster reconstruction.Post-disaster reconstruction of traditional villages is a dynamic process of changing the production and livelihoods of affected residents while restoring and protecting heritage during this process,Concretely,it is urgent to identify thc main problems faced by post-disaster recovery and reconstruction of traditional vil lages based on the heritage attributes,and probes the protection planning design paths and revitalization strategies accor dingly.展开更多
Deep learning methods have been shown to be effective in representing ground-state wavefunctions of quantum many-body systems,however the existing approaches cannot be easily used for non-square like or large systems....Deep learning methods have been shown to be effective in representing ground-state wavefunctions of quantum many-body systems,however the existing approaches cannot be easily used for non-square like or large systems.Here.we propose a variational ansatz based on the graph attention network(GAT)which learns distributed latent representations and can be used on non-square lattices.展开更多
With the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)and the race for governments to regulate it,the need for international consensus has never been greater.International standards can be valuable tools in the respo...With the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)and the race for governments to regulate it,the need for international consensus has never been greater.International standards can be valuable tools in the responsible deployment of AI,representing the needs and requirements of all stakeholders and providing global best practice.展开更多
On 5 March,national and global spotlight turned to the Great Hall of the People in Beijing where around 3,000 deputies gathered to open the second session of the 14th National People’s Congress(NPC).Over a span of se...On 5 March,national and global spotlight turned to the Great Hall of the People in Beijing where around 3,000 deputies gathered to open the second session of the 14th National People’s Congress(NPC).Over a span of seven days,the deputies,representing all of China’s ethnic groups,regions and sectors,discussed and decided on a range of issues critical for the country’s development.展开更多
The Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on Drinking Water Disinfection By-products (DBPs) was recently held in Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, United States, on July 30-August 4, 2017. The theme o...The Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on Drinking Water Disinfection By-products (DBPs) was recently held in Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, United States, on July 30-August 4, 2017. The theme of this year's GRC on DBPs was "Disinfection 2100: Linking Engineering, Chemistry, Toxicology, and Epidemiology to Reduce Exposure to Toxicity Drivers while Curtailing Pathogens" (GRC, 2017). More than one hundred and fifty scientists from around the world actively participated in the week-long conference.展开更多
Investigation of the climate change effects on drought is required to develop management strategies for minimizing adverse social and economic impacts.Therefore,studying the future meteorological drought conditions at...Investigation of the climate change effects on drought is required to develop management strategies for minimizing adverse social and economic impacts.Therefore,studying the future meteorological drought conditions at a local scale is vital.In this study,we assessed the efficiency of seven downscaled Global Climate Models(GCMs)provided by the NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP),and investigated the impacts of climate change on future meteorological drought using Standard Precipitation Index(SPI)in the Karoun River Basin(KRB)of southwestern Iran under two Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP)emission scenarios,i.e.,RCP4.5 and RCP8.5.The results demonstrated that SPI estimated based on the Meteorological Research Institute Coupled Global Climate Model version 3(MRI-CGCM3)is consistent with the one estimated by synoptic stations during the historical period(1990-2005).The root mean square error(RMSE)value is less than 0.75 in 77%of the synoptic stations.GCMs have high uncertainty in most synoptic stations except those located in the plain.Using the average of a few GCMs to improve performance and reduce uncertainty is suggested by the results.The results revealed that with the areas affected by wetness decreasing in the KRB,drought frequency in the North KRB is likely to increase at the end of the 21st century under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.At the seasonal scale,the decreasing trend for SPI in spring,summer,and winter shows a drought tendency in this region.The climate-induced drought hazard can have vast consequences,especially in agriculture and rural livelihoods.Accordingly,an increasing trend in drought during the growing seasons under RCP scenarios is vital for water managers and farmers to adopt strategies to reduce the damages.The results of this study are of great value for formulating sustainable water resources management plans affected by climate change.展开更多
Steeped in a civilization featuring inclusivity and peaceful nature,China seeks exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations rather than cultural hegemony.WHILE claiming its preeminent global economic status,Chin...Steeped in a civilization featuring inclusivity and peaceful nature,China seeks exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations rather than cultural hegemony.WHILE claiming its preeminent global economic status,China has also come to assert its equivalent position in world politics and diplomacy,typically representing the interests of the developing world.展开更多
The completion of a telomere-to-telomere human reference genome,T2T-CHM13,has resolved complex regions of the genome,including repetitive and homologous regions.Here,we present a high-resolution epigenetic study of pr...The completion of a telomere-to-telomere human reference genome,T2T-CHM13,has resolved complex regions of the genome,including repetitive and homologous regions.Here,we present a high-resolution epigenetic study of previously unresolved sequences,representing entire acrocentric chromosome short arms,gene family expansions,and a diverse collection of repeat classes.This resource precisely maps CpG methylation(32.28 million CpGs),DNA accessibility,and short-read datasets(166,058 previously unresolved chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing peaks)to provide evidence of activity across previously unidentified or corrected genes and reveals clinically relevant paralog-specific regulation.Probing CpG methylation across human centromeres from six diverse individuals generated an estimate of variability in kinetochore localization.This analysis provides a framework with which to investigate the most elusive regions of the human genome,granting insights into epigenetic regulation.展开更多
The dreamcatcher may be the perfect gift for anyone who always has nightmares.对于那些总是做噩梦的人来说,捕梦网可能是最完美的礼物。Dreamcatchers are round.Inside the loop1 thread2 is arranged3 in such a way that resem...The dreamcatcher may be the perfect gift for anyone who always has nightmares.对于那些总是做噩梦的人来说,捕梦网可能是最完美的礼物。Dreamcatchers are round.Inside the loop1 thread2 is arranged3 in such a way that resembles4 a spider’s web.Feathers are attached5 to the bottom.Beads6 are often used.Some choose to have one bead in the middle representing7 the spider.Others prefer to have the hole in the middle empty.展开更多
China and India are two major emerging economies and the two most populous countries,representing about a third of the world’s population.A healthy relationship between the two countries is vital for world peace and ...China and India are two major emerging economies and the two most populous countries,representing about a third of the world’s population.A healthy relationship between the two countries is vital for world peace and stability.Under the spirit of peaceful coexistence envisioned by a number of measures,the bilateral relationship has been marked by“seeking common ground while preserving di!erences.”The key channel for further improving bilateral relations in various fields is to have e!ective forums to facilitate cordiality.展开更多
Due to the shortage of health personnel in Malawi,some communities often find it difficult to access healthcare service.Some of the people most a!ected are those in orphanages,as it’s not easy to find medical personn...Due to the shortage of health personnel in Malawi,some communities often find it difficult to access healthcare service.Some of the people most a!ected are those in orphanages,as it’s not easy to find medical personnel to visit them,resulting in spreading infections and sometimes negative outcomes in critical illness.Matilda Dambula,representing one of the orphanages in the Central Region of Malawi,said she gave up.展开更多
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that results from many diverse genetic causes.Although therapeutics specifically targeting known causal mutations may rescue individual types of...Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that results from many diverse genetic causes.Although therapeutics specifically targeting known causal mutations may rescue individual types of ALS, these approaches cannottreat most cases since they have unknown genetic etiology. Thus, there is a pressing need for therapeutic strategies that rescuemultiple forms of ALS. Here, we show that pharmacological inhibition of PIKFYVE kinase activates an unconventional proteinclearance mechanism involving exocytosis of aggregation-prone proteins. Reducing PIKFYVE activity ameliorates ALSpathology and extends survival of animal models and patient-derived motor neurons representing diverse forms of ALS includingC9ORF72, TARDBP, FUS, and sporadic. These findings highlight a potential approach for mitigating ALS pathogenesis that doesnot require stimulating macroautophagy or the ubiquitin-proteosome system.展开更多
This exploratory study examines the phenomenon of consequence cause matching,which is based on the representativeness heuristic,from cognitive psychology,upon crisis management and public relations.A 2(Large Scale Cri...This exploratory study examines the phenomenon of consequence cause matching,which is based on the representativeness heuristic,from cognitive psychology,upon crisis management and public relations.A 2(Large Scale Crisis vs.Small Scale Crisis)×2(Large Scale Cause vs.Small Scale Cause)mixed factorial design experiment was conducted based upon a hypothetical crisis scenario.This study found initial evidence that consequence cause matching is a phenomenon that can impact the process of attribution for a crisis.It highlights a potential new area of theoretical growth for the situational crisis communication theory.展开更多
A new technique for embedding visible watermarks into a digital image isdescribed in this paper, which uses statistical properties of each pixel and its immediatesurrounding pixels in the host image, and also the stat...A new technique for embedding visible watermarks into a digital image isdescribed in this paper, which uses statistical properties of each pixel and its immediatesurrounding pixels in the host image, and also the statistical properties of the host image and thatof the image to be embedded (watermark), as the pixels in the host image are replaced one by one bythe pixels in the watermark image. The aim is to establish a relationship between pixels in theimages that will make the embedded watermark robust and semitransparent, and to minimize errorscaused by watermark addition and subtraction. Also, the original image can be completelyreconstructed from the watermarked images.展开更多
There have been conflicting ideas about the Indosinian mineralization in E. Xinjiang, a subject that has attracted many geologists' attention over a long period. Isotopic dating shows that the Shiyingtan gold depo...There have been conflicting ideas about the Indosinian mineralization in E. Xinjiang, a subject that has attracted many geologists' attention over a long period. Isotopic dating shows that the Shiyingtan gold deposit located on the southern margin of the Turpan-Hami basin has a quartz fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron age of 237±9 Ma (95% conf.); the Shuangfengshan gold deposit on the southern margin of the Junggar orogenic belt has a quartz fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron age of 226 ±21 Ma (95% conf.); the Weiya vanadium-titanium magnetite in the E. Tianshan mountains has a mineral-whole rock Sm-Nd isochron age of 220 ±30 Ma (95% conf.); the Jinwozi and Jinwozi 210 gold deposits in the E. Tianshan mountains have quartz fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron ages of 228±22 Ma (95% conf.) and 230±6 Ma (95% conf.), respectively; and the Xiaobaishitouquan scheelite deposit in the E. Tianshan mountains has a quartz fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron age of 248±7 Ma (95% conf.). The metallogenetic ages mentioned above prove the existence of Indosinian mineralization in E. Xinjiang, and the metallogenetic event might have been related to Triassic intraplate magmatic evolution, intra-continent subduction, strike-slip shoving and ductile shearing in the studied area, representing another mineralization peak after the Late Paleozoic.展开更多
The experiments were conducted for three consecutive years across 14 locations using 9 non-waxy proso millet genotypes and 16 locations using 7 waxy proso millet genotypes in China. The objectives of this study were t...The experiments were conducted for three consecutive years across 14 locations using 9 non-waxy proso millet genotypes and 16 locations using 7 waxy proso millet genotypes in China. The objectives of this study were to analyze yield stability and adaptability of proso millets and to evaluate the discrimination and representativeness of locations by analysis of vari- ance (ANOVA) and genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods. Grain yields of proso millet genotypes were significantly influenced by environment (E), genotype (G) and their interaction (GxE) (P〈0.1%). GxE inter- action effect was six times higher than G effect in non-waxy group and seven times in waxy group. N04-339 in non-waxy and Neimi 6 (NM6) in waxy showed higher grain yields and stability compared with other genotypes. Also, Neimi 9 (NM9, a non-waxy cultivar) and 90322-2-33 (a waxy cultivar) showed higher adaptability in 7 and in 11 locations, respectively. For non-waxy, Dalat, Inner Mongolia (E2) and Wuzhai, Shanxi (E5) were the best sites among all the locations for maximizing the variance among candidate cultivars, and Yanchi, Ningxia (El0) had the best representativeness. Wuzhai, Shanxi (e9) and Yanchi, Ningxia (e14) were the best representative locations, and Baicheng, Jilin (e2) was better discriminating location than others for waxy genotypes. Based on our results, El0 and e14 have enhanced efficiency and accuracy for non-waxy genotypes and waxy genotypes selection, respectively in national regional test of proso millet varieties.展开更多
The trends and fluctuations of observed and CMIP5-simulated yearly mean surface air temperature over China were analyzed.In general,the historical simulations replicate the observed increase of temperature,but the mul...The trends and fluctuations of observed and CMIP5-simulated yearly mean surface air temperature over China were analyzed.In general,the historical simulations replicate the observed increase of temperature,but the multi-model ensemble (MME) mean does not accurately reproduce the drastic interannual fluctuations.The correlation coefficient of the MME mean with the observations over all runs and all models was 0.77,which was larger than the largest value (0.65) from any single model ensemble.The results showed that winter temperatures are increasing at a higher rate than summer temperatures,and that winter temperatures exhibit stronger interannual variations.It was also found that the models underestimate the differences between winter and summer rates.The ensemble empirical mode decomposition technique was used to obtain six intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) for the modeled temperature and observations.The periods of the first two IMFs of the MME mean were 3.2 and 7.2,which represented the cycle of 2-7-yr oscillations.The periods of the third and fourth IMFs were 14.7 and 35.2,which reflected a multi-decadal oscillation of climate change.The corresponding periods of the first four IMFs were 2.69,7.24,16.15 and 52.5 in the observed data.The models overestimate the period of low frequency oscillation of temperature,but underestimate the period of high frequency variation.The warming rates from different representative concentration pathways (RCPs) were calculated,and the results showed that the temperature will increase by approximately 0.9℃,2.4℃,3.2℃ and 6.1℃ in the next century under the RCP2.6,RCP4.5,RCP6.0 and RCP8.5 scenarios,respectively.展开更多
文摘We consider the space X of all analytic functionsof two complex variables s1 and s2, equipping it with the natural locally convex topology and using the growth parameter, the order of f as defined recently by the authors. Under this topology X becomes a Frechet space Apart from finding the characterization of continuous linear functionals, linear transformation on X, we have obtained the necessary and sufficient conditions for a double sequence in X to be a proper bases.
文摘Traditional villages are cultural heritage sites representing stages of historical development,with unique regional cultural characteristics and significant cultural values,and their preservation should focus on integrity,authenticity,and egrity,au continuity,The protection and development of traditional villages should be guided by a scientifically sound approach.Post-disaster reconstruction is a topic of global concen,and trnditional villages,with their special heritage nttributes,face additional demands and obstacles in post-disaster reconstruction.Post-disaster reconstruction of traditional villages is a dynamic process of changing the production and livelihoods of affected residents while restoring and protecting heritage during this process,Concretely,it is urgent to identify thc main problems faced by post-disaster recovery and reconstruction of traditional vil lages based on the heritage attributes,and probes the protection planning design paths and revitalization strategies accor dingly.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12374017 and 12074362)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0303303)。
文摘Deep learning methods have been shown to be effective in representing ground-state wavefunctions of quantum many-body systems,however the existing approaches cannot be easily used for non-square like or large systems.Here.we propose a variational ansatz based on the graph attention network(GAT)which learns distributed latent representations and can be used on non-square lattices.
文摘With the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence(AI)and the race for governments to regulate it,the need for international consensus has never been greater.International standards can be valuable tools in the responsible deployment of AI,representing the needs and requirements of all stakeholders and providing global best practice.
文摘On 5 March,national and global spotlight turned to the Great Hall of the People in Beijing where around 3,000 deputies gathered to open the second session of the 14th National People’s Congress(NPC).Over a span of seven days,the deputies,representing all of China’s ethnic groups,regions and sectors,discussed and decided on a range of issues critical for the country’s development.
文摘The Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on Drinking Water Disinfection By-products (DBPs) was recently held in Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, United States, on July 30-August 4, 2017. The theme of this year's GRC on DBPs was "Disinfection 2100: Linking Engineering, Chemistry, Toxicology, and Epidemiology to Reduce Exposure to Toxicity Drivers while Curtailing Pathogens" (GRC, 2017). More than one hundred and fifty scientists from around the world actively participated in the week-long conference.
文摘Investigation of the climate change effects on drought is required to develop management strategies for minimizing adverse social and economic impacts.Therefore,studying the future meteorological drought conditions at a local scale is vital.In this study,we assessed the efficiency of seven downscaled Global Climate Models(GCMs)provided by the NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP),and investigated the impacts of climate change on future meteorological drought using Standard Precipitation Index(SPI)in the Karoun River Basin(KRB)of southwestern Iran under two Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP)emission scenarios,i.e.,RCP4.5 and RCP8.5.The results demonstrated that SPI estimated based on the Meteorological Research Institute Coupled Global Climate Model version 3(MRI-CGCM3)is consistent with the one estimated by synoptic stations during the historical period(1990-2005).The root mean square error(RMSE)value is less than 0.75 in 77%of the synoptic stations.GCMs have high uncertainty in most synoptic stations except those located in the plain.Using the average of a few GCMs to improve performance and reduce uncertainty is suggested by the results.The results revealed that with the areas affected by wetness decreasing in the KRB,drought frequency in the North KRB is likely to increase at the end of the 21st century under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.At the seasonal scale,the decreasing trend for SPI in spring,summer,and winter shows a drought tendency in this region.The climate-induced drought hazard can have vast consequences,especially in agriculture and rural livelihoods.Accordingly,an increasing trend in drought during the growing seasons under RCP scenarios is vital for water managers and farmers to adopt strategies to reduce the damages.The results of this study are of great value for formulating sustainable water resources management plans affected by climate change.
文摘Steeped in a civilization featuring inclusivity and peaceful nature,China seeks exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations rather than cultural hegemony.WHILE claiming its preeminent global economic status,China has also come to assert its equivalent position in world politics and diplomacy,typically representing the interests of the developing world.
文摘The completion of a telomere-to-telomere human reference genome,T2T-CHM13,has resolved complex regions of the genome,including repetitive and homologous regions.Here,we present a high-resolution epigenetic study of previously unresolved sequences,representing entire acrocentric chromosome short arms,gene family expansions,and a diverse collection of repeat classes.This resource precisely maps CpG methylation(32.28 million CpGs),DNA accessibility,and short-read datasets(166,058 previously unresolved chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing peaks)to provide evidence of activity across previously unidentified or corrected genes and reveals clinically relevant paralog-specific regulation.Probing CpG methylation across human centromeres from six diverse individuals generated an estimate of variability in kinetochore localization.This analysis provides a framework with which to investigate the most elusive regions of the human genome,granting insights into epigenetic regulation.
文摘The dreamcatcher may be the perfect gift for anyone who always has nightmares.对于那些总是做噩梦的人来说,捕梦网可能是最完美的礼物。Dreamcatchers are round.Inside the loop1 thread2 is arranged3 in such a way that resembles4 a spider’s web.Feathers are attached5 to the bottom.Beads6 are often used.Some choose to have one bead in the middle representing7 the spider.Others prefer to have the hole in the middle empty.
文摘China and India are two major emerging economies and the two most populous countries,representing about a third of the world’s population.A healthy relationship between the two countries is vital for world peace and stability.Under the spirit of peaceful coexistence envisioned by a number of measures,the bilateral relationship has been marked by“seeking common ground while preserving di!erences.”The key channel for further improving bilateral relations in various fields is to have e!ective forums to facilitate cordiality.
文摘Due to the shortage of health personnel in Malawi,some communities often find it difficult to access healthcare service.Some of the people most a!ected are those in orphanages,as it’s not easy to find medical personnel to visit them,resulting in spreading infections and sometimes negative outcomes in critical illness.Matilda Dambula,representing one of the orphanages in the Central Region of Malawi,said she gave up.
文摘Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that results from many diverse genetic causes.Although therapeutics specifically targeting known causal mutations may rescue individual types of ALS, these approaches cannottreat most cases since they have unknown genetic etiology. Thus, there is a pressing need for therapeutic strategies that rescuemultiple forms of ALS. Here, we show that pharmacological inhibition of PIKFYVE kinase activates an unconventional proteinclearance mechanism involving exocytosis of aggregation-prone proteins. Reducing PIKFYVE activity ameliorates ALSpathology and extends survival of animal models and patient-derived motor neurons representing diverse forms of ALS includingC9ORF72, TARDBP, FUS, and sporadic. These findings highlight a potential approach for mitigating ALS pathogenesis that doesnot require stimulating macroautophagy or the ubiquitin-proteosome system.
文摘This exploratory study examines the phenomenon of consequence cause matching,which is based on the representativeness heuristic,from cognitive psychology,upon crisis management and public relations.A 2(Large Scale Crisis vs.Small Scale Crisis)×2(Large Scale Cause vs.Small Scale Cause)mixed factorial design experiment was conducted based upon a hypothetical crisis scenario.This study found initial evidence that consequence cause matching is a phenomenon that can impact the process of attribution for a crisis.It highlights a potential new area of theoretical growth for the situational crisis communication theory.
文摘A new technique for embedding visible watermarks into a digital image isdescribed in this paper, which uses statistical properties of each pixel and its immediatesurrounding pixels in the host image, and also the statistical properties of the host image and thatof the image to be embedded (watermark), as the pixels in the host image are replaced one by one bythe pixels in the watermark image. The aim is to establish a relationship between pixels in theimages that will make the embedded watermark robust and semitransparent, and to minimize errorscaused by watermark addition and subtraction. Also, the original image can be completelyreconstructed from the watermarked images.
基金China's National Key Basic Research Project(No.200ICB409810) China's National Scientific and Technical Project"Compositive Research of Exploration of Preponderant Metallic Resources in Xinjiang”(No.2001BA609A-07-18).
文摘There have been conflicting ideas about the Indosinian mineralization in E. Xinjiang, a subject that has attracted many geologists' attention over a long period. Isotopic dating shows that the Shiyingtan gold deposit located on the southern margin of the Turpan-Hami basin has a quartz fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron age of 237±9 Ma (95% conf.); the Shuangfengshan gold deposit on the southern margin of the Junggar orogenic belt has a quartz fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron age of 226 ±21 Ma (95% conf.); the Weiya vanadium-titanium magnetite in the E. Tianshan mountains has a mineral-whole rock Sm-Nd isochron age of 220 ±30 Ma (95% conf.); the Jinwozi and Jinwozi 210 gold deposits in the E. Tianshan mountains have quartz fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron ages of 228±22 Ma (95% conf.) and 230±6 Ma (95% conf.), respectively; and the Xiaobaishitouquan scheelite deposit in the E. Tianshan mountains has a quartz fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron age of 248±7 Ma (95% conf.). The metallogenetic ages mentioned above prove the existence of Indosinian mineralization in E. Xinjiang, and the metallogenetic event might have been related to Triassic intraplate magmatic evolution, intra-continent subduction, strike-slip shoving and ductile shearing in the studied area, representing another mineralization peak after the Late Paleozoic.
基金funded by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period (2014BAD07B03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31371529)+2 种基金the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China (LBH-Z14177)the project of Education Department in Heilongjiang Province, China (12541599)the China Agricultural Research System (CARS07-13.5-A9)
文摘The experiments were conducted for three consecutive years across 14 locations using 9 non-waxy proso millet genotypes and 16 locations using 7 waxy proso millet genotypes in China. The objectives of this study were to analyze yield stability and adaptability of proso millets and to evaluate the discrimination and representativeness of locations by analysis of vari- ance (ANOVA) and genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods. Grain yields of proso millet genotypes were significantly influenced by environment (E), genotype (G) and their interaction (GxE) (P〈0.1%). GxE inter- action effect was six times higher than G effect in non-waxy group and seven times in waxy group. N04-339 in non-waxy and Neimi 6 (NM6) in waxy showed higher grain yields and stability compared with other genotypes. Also, Neimi 9 (NM9, a non-waxy cultivar) and 90322-2-33 (a waxy cultivar) showed higher adaptability in 7 and in 11 locations, respectively. For non-waxy, Dalat, Inner Mongolia (E2) and Wuzhai, Shanxi (E5) were the best sites among all the locations for maximizing the variance among candidate cultivars, and Yanchi, Ningxia (El0) had the best representativeness. Wuzhai, Shanxi (e9) and Yanchi, Ningxia (e14) were the best representative locations, and Baicheng, Jilin (e2) was better discriminating location than others for waxy genotypes. Based on our results, El0 and e14 have enhanced efficiency and accuracy for non-waxy genotypes and waxy genotypes selection, respectively in national regional test of proso millet varieties.
基金supported by the General Project of the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41105074 and 41275108)the Innovation Key Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.KZCX2-EW-202)+3 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB956201)the Open Research Fund of the Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Center for Earth ObservationDigital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.2011LDE010)the Scientific Research Fund of Henan Polytechnic University (Grant No. B2011-038)
文摘The trends and fluctuations of observed and CMIP5-simulated yearly mean surface air temperature over China were analyzed.In general,the historical simulations replicate the observed increase of temperature,but the multi-model ensemble (MME) mean does not accurately reproduce the drastic interannual fluctuations.The correlation coefficient of the MME mean with the observations over all runs and all models was 0.77,which was larger than the largest value (0.65) from any single model ensemble.The results showed that winter temperatures are increasing at a higher rate than summer temperatures,and that winter temperatures exhibit stronger interannual variations.It was also found that the models underestimate the differences between winter and summer rates.The ensemble empirical mode decomposition technique was used to obtain six intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) for the modeled temperature and observations.The periods of the first two IMFs of the MME mean were 3.2 and 7.2,which represented the cycle of 2-7-yr oscillations.The periods of the third and fourth IMFs were 14.7 and 35.2,which reflected a multi-decadal oscillation of climate change.The corresponding periods of the first four IMFs were 2.69,7.24,16.15 and 52.5 in the observed data.The models overestimate the period of low frequency oscillation of temperature,but underestimate the period of high frequency variation.The warming rates from different representative concentration pathways (RCPs) were calculated,and the results showed that the temperature will increase by approximately 0.9℃,2.4℃,3.2℃ and 6.1℃ in the next century under the RCP2.6,RCP4.5,RCP6.0 and RCP8.5 scenarios,respectively.