To reduce the uncertainty and reworks in complex projects,a novel mechanism is systematically developed in this paper based on two classical design structure matrix(DSM)clustering methods:Loop searching method(LSM)and...To reduce the uncertainty and reworks in complex projects,a novel mechanism is systematically developed in this paper based on two classical design structure matrix(DSM)clustering methods:Loop searching method(LSM)and function searching method(FSM).Specifically,the optimal working areas for the two clustering methods are first obtained quantitatively in terms of non-zero fraction(NZF)and singular value modularity index(SMI),in which the whole working area is divided into six sub-zones.Then,a judgement procedure is proposed for conveniently choosing the optimal DSM clustering method,which makes it easy to determine which DSM clustering method performs better for a given case.Subsequently,a conceptual model is constructed to assist project managers in effectively analyzing the network of projects and greatly reducing reworks in complex projects by defining preventive actions.Finally,the aircraft design process is presented to show how the proposed judgement mechanism can be utilized to reduce the reworks in actual projects.展开更多
The infaunal polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube, distributes widelyalong Asian coasts and estuaries. In this research the particle reworking function of P.aibuhitensis was investigated in Beitang Estuary, Tianji...The infaunal polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube, distributes widelyalong Asian coasts and estuaries. In this research the particle reworking function of P.aibuhitensis was investigated in Beitang Estuary, Tianjin. The result showed that P.aibuhitensis displayed significant particle mixing function, in which small grain sizesediment particles were mixed more than the large size ones. Some small grain sizesediment particles could be ingested by P. aibuhitensis and egested with fecal pellets.展开更多
Intensive mid-Neoproterozoic magmatism is the salient feature of the Yangtze Block,preserving abundant information about crustal reworking and growth.Zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotope analysis was performed on material from t...Intensive mid-Neoproterozoic magmatism is the salient feature of the Yangtze Block,preserving abundant information about crustal reworking and growth.Zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotope analysis was performed on material from the Feidong Complex(FDC)and Zhangbaling Group(ZBLG)of the Zhangbaling Uplift,in order to determine the age and magmatic source of the Neoproterozoic igneous rocks as well as the detrital provenance for the sedimentary rocks,to further provide important data for understanding the mid-Neoproterozoic crustal evolution of the Northeast Yangtze Block.The amphibolite and gneissic granites in the Feidong Complex(FDC)gave similar protolith ages of 782-776 Ma.The synmagmatic zircons exhibited variable negativeεHf(t)values of-26.9 to-8.3.Early(ca.2.4 Ga)to late Paleoproterozoic(ca.2.0-1.9 Ga)inherited zircons were found in the gneissic monzogranite,with negativeεHf(t)values of-11.2 to-7.2,indicating strong reworking of the ancient crustal materials of the Northeast Yangtze Block.Whereas the amphibolites represent minor crustal growth through emplacement of continental rifting-related mafic magmas.The quartz-keratophyres in the Xileng Formation of the ZBLG in contrast systematically yield young protolith crystallization ages of 754-727 Ma with highεHf(t)values of-2.0 to+5.6,indicating their derivation from the reworking of juvenile crustal materials.The detrital zircons from the metasiltstone in the Beijiangjun Formation yield variable^(206)Pb/^(238)U ages(871-644 Ma)with a peak age at 741±11 Ma andεHf(t)values of-4.3 to+5.3,which is consistent with those of the Xileng Formation,but distinct from the FDC,indicating that the provenance of the metasiltstone is primarily the underlying Xileng Formation.The mid-Neoproterozoic igneous and sedimentary rocks of the Zhangbaling Uplift were products from continental rifting zones along the northern margin of the Yangtze Block,situated in different positions from the Susong Complex and the Haizhou Group.The transition from ancient to juvenile crustal sources for felsic magmatic rocks is attributed to gradually increased crustal extension during continental rifting.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 71471087, 71071076, 61673209)the Funding for Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (No. BCXJ17-11)the Research and Innovation Program for Graduate Education of Jiangsu Province (No. KYZZ160145)
文摘To reduce the uncertainty and reworks in complex projects,a novel mechanism is systematically developed in this paper based on two classical design structure matrix(DSM)clustering methods:Loop searching method(LSM)and function searching method(FSM).Specifically,the optimal working areas for the two clustering methods are first obtained quantitatively in terms of non-zero fraction(NZF)and singular value modularity index(SMI),in which the whole working area is divided into six sub-zones.Then,a judgement procedure is proposed for conveniently choosing the optimal DSM clustering method,which makes it easy to determine which DSM clustering method performs better for a given case.Subsequently,a conceptual model is constructed to assist project managers in effectively analyzing the network of projects and greatly reducing reworks in complex projects by defining preventive actions.Finally,the aircraft design process is presented to show how the proposed judgement mechanism can be utilized to reduce the reworks in actual projects.
基金supported by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation(Funding Numbers:41303070,21307045)
文摘The infaunal polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis Grube, distributes widelyalong Asian coasts and estuaries. In this research the particle reworking function of P.aibuhitensis was investigated in Beitang Estuary, Tianjin. The result showed that P.aibuhitensis displayed significant particle mixing function, in which small grain sizesediment particles were mixed more than the large size ones. Some small grain sizesediment particles could be ingested by P. aibuhitensis and egested with fecal pellets.
基金supported by funds from the Natural Science Foundation of China(41772228)。
文摘Intensive mid-Neoproterozoic magmatism is the salient feature of the Yangtze Block,preserving abundant information about crustal reworking and growth.Zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotope analysis was performed on material from the Feidong Complex(FDC)and Zhangbaling Group(ZBLG)of the Zhangbaling Uplift,in order to determine the age and magmatic source of the Neoproterozoic igneous rocks as well as the detrital provenance for the sedimentary rocks,to further provide important data for understanding the mid-Neoproterozoic crustal evolution of the Northeast Yangtze Block.The amphibolite and gneissic granites in the Feidong Complex(FDC)gave similar protolith ages of 782-776 Ma.The synmagmatic zircons exhibited variable negativeεHf(t)values of-26.9 to-8.3.Early(ca.2.4 Ga)to late Paleoproterozoic(ca.2.0-1.9 Ga)inherited zircons were found in the gneissic monzogranite,with negativeεHf(t)values of-11.2 to-7.2,indicating strong reworking of the ancient crustal materials of the Northeast Yangtze Block.Whereas the amphibolites represent minor crustal growth through emplacement of continental rifting-related mafic magmas.The quartz-keratophyres in the Xileng Formation of the ZBLG in contrast systematically yield young protolith crystallization ages of 754-727 Ma with highεHf(t)values of-2.0 to+5.6,indicating their derivation from the reworking of juvenile crustal materials.The detrital zircons from the metasiltstone in the Beijiangjun Formation yield variable^(206)Pb/^(238)U ages(871-644 Ma)with a peak age at 741±11 Ma andεHf(t)values of-4.3 to+5.3,which is consistent with those of the Xileng Formation,but distinct from the FDC,indicating that the provenance of the metasiltstone is primarily the underlying Xileng Formation.The mid-Neoproterozoic igneous and sedimentary rocks of the Zhangbaling Uplift were products from continental rifting zones along the northern margin of the Yangtze Block,situated in different positions from the Susong Complex and the Haizhou Group.The transition from ancient to juvenile crustal sources for felsic magmatic rocks is attributed to gradually increased crustal extension during continental rifting.
